1、2019湖南中考英語語篇翻譯話題1事物介紹6Passage 1Some people have to use public transport. Some dislike it and still some use it.1. If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go, there will be serious traffic problems on the road. Luckily, trains are a good form of public transport.British people use trai

2、ns a lot. 2. This is especially so for people who are travelling from London to Paris. Every day about 20 trains leave London. They travel at a very high speed and people feel glad that the trains take only 2 hours and 30 minutes to reach Paris. 3. 坐火車比乘公共汽車或汽車快得多。This is becausepeople have to drive

3、 cars or buses very carefully and slowly for many reasons, such as speed limits and traffic jams. However, when you are travelling by train, the speed is almost the same and there is no traffic jam for a train.Besides, Londoners think taking a train is one of the safest ways of travelling on the gro

4、und. 4. 火車在制造過程中進(jìn)行了相當(dāng)多的質(zhì)量測試。More importantly,they will take many safety checks before they are used on the rail track.What's more, trains in Britain are comfortable and provide fine services for their users. 5. When you are on a London train, you will find that the train has comfortable tables a

5、nd seats where people can sit. They also provide food services and powerplugs（電源插頭）for personal computers or mobile phones.素材源自作業(yè)幫1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國人經(jīng)常使用火車1作為他們的交通工具，因為他們認(rèn)為火車是最安全的陸上交通，而且倫敦的火車提供了非常舒服的座位和優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。1. 如果每個人都有一輛車，并且開車他們想去的任何地方，道路上就會出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的交通問題。【解析】這是一個條件狀語從句，主句是“

6、there will be serious trafficproblems on the road , 從句是 “If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go ，遵循 ” “主將從現(xiàn) ”原則。2. 對于從倫敦到巴黎旅行的人來說尤其如此?！窘馕觥?這是一個含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是people,后面由who引導(dǎo)定語從句。3. It's much faster to travel by train than by bus or by car.【解析】 本句是一個固定句型“it's nadj. + to do

7、sth.。句中涉及比較級需用 than;比快：faster。4. Trains take quite a number of quality tests while they are made【解析】 這是個#由while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。主句中“Trains主語，“takM句子的謂語動詞，“ quite a number f 定語修飾 “ quality tests, while 弓 I 導(dǎo)從句。5. 當(dāng)你在倫敦火車上時，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)火車上有舒適的桌子和座位，人們可以坐在那里。【解析】這是一個含有定語從句的時間狀語從句。從句是 “When you are on a London train 主

8、句是 “you will find that the train ha&omfortable tables and seats where people can sit; 在主句中又含有一個定語從句，先行詞是 tables and seats 后面由where引導(dǎo)定語從句。Passage 2Each culture has its own taboos禁忌）.Wherever you travel, never offend （冒 犯） the local people.In France, you must speak French. Don't expect to comm

9、unicate by speaking English. 1.法國人以他們的語言為榮。They don't like speaking another languageinstead of French at home. Don't rush while eating. 2. If you eat your food quickly, French people will think you are impolite. The French also take great pride in their food, so enjoy what you eat. 3.眾所周知，法國

10、午餐要持續(xù)三個小時！In Russia, you should leave home without a credit card: you probably won't find any places where you can use your credit card. Cash is the king. 4. If you bring someone flowers, you should make sure the bouquets （花束） have an odd （奇數(shù) 的） number. Even （偶數(shù)的） numbered bouquets are prepared

11、for dead people.In India, don't complain about the food. You can just leave the food that you dislike, but don't offend the people who serve you food. 5. Also people usually don't talk while eating in India.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在法國、俄羅斯和印度這 三個國家的文化禁忌。1 . The French a

12、re proud of their languageI解析】這是一個簡單句。以 為榮：be proud of。2 .如果你吃得快，法國人會認(rèn)為你不禮貌?！窘馕觥窟@是一個條件狀語從句，主句是 aFrenchpeople will think you are impolite ;從句是 “If you eat your food quickly3 . French lunches are known to last for three hours 10ng!【解析】 這是個含有固定 搭配的簡單句。眾所周知：be known to.;持續(xù)：last for。4 .如果你給別人送花，你應(yīng)該確?；ㄊ瞧?/p>

13、數(shù)?！窘馕觥窟@是一個條件狀語從句， 主句是 “youshould make sure the bouquets （花束） have an odd （奇數(shù)的） number.;從句是 “If you bring someone flowers make sure 確保。#5 .此外，在印度，人們吃飯時通常不說話【解析】這是一個while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。Passage 3Every year on 15th October, over 200 million people around the world take part in Global Handwashing Day. 1. But

14、why do we have a day for something we do all the time? Well, research shows that not enough people often wash their hands with soap. 2. Experts believe that this leads to the deaths of millions of people every year.Sidibe, a public health expert says soap is' the most beautiful inventionhealth 3

15、.用肥皂洗你的手可以減少疾病的傳播。However, washing hands with soap does not happen as often as you might think. This is partly because there aren't enough resource資源）in poorer countries, but it's also because for many people, handwashing is simply not part of their everyday life.4. 要讓人們改變他們小時彳戾學(xué)到的習(xí)慣是不容易的。 B

16、ut this is what Global Handwashing Day wants to do.In 2008, the Indian cricket team joined around 100 million Indian schoolchildren in washing their hands to promote （促進(jìn)）the first ever Global Handwashing Day.Every year since then, many different events have been held around the world. In 2014, Globa

17、l Handwashing Day was used in the fight against Ebola, a very serious disease, with events held in affected （受感染的）African countries.5. Today, local and national leaders continue to use the day to spread theimportance of cleaning hands. The hope is that handwashing becomes a necessary part of people&

18、#39;s lives and improves the health of millions around the world.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Passaged主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了每年十月十五日是洗手日。進(jìn)而介紹了用肥皂洗手的重要性，讓更多的人學(xué)會用肥皂洗手。1 .但是為什么我們用一天的時間去做我們一直在做的事情呢？【解析】這是一個定語從句，先行詞為something,后面的句子“we do all the time為省略了 that的 從句。2 .專家認(rèn)為，這導(dǎo)致每年數(shù)百萬人死亡?！窘馕觥窟@是一個賓語從句?！皌hatthisleads to the deat

19、hs of millions of people every year.作謂語動詞 believS的賓語。3 . Washing your hands with soap can reduce the spreading of diseases摯析】 這是 個簡單句，非謂語動詞做主語。減少：reduce,疾病的傳播：the spreading of diseases4 . It's not easy for people to change habits they learned in early childhoo d解析這是一個固定句型 “it's nadj. + to do

20、 sth.。小時彳in early childhood;習(xí)慣：habits。5 .今天，地方和國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人繼續(xù)利用這一天來宣傳洗手的重要性?！窘馕觥窟@是一個簡單句。主語為：local and national leaders謂語為：use;賓語為：the day,賓語補(bǔ)足語為：to spread the importance of cleaning hands local ：當(dāng)?shù)氐?。Passage 4If you plan to travel, please think about Todmorden. A small town in England is teaching the world

21、how important it is to grow your own food. 1. 任何空地都用來種 植水果和蔬菜。There are apples, pears, peaches here and there. Everyone can pickthem for free.Eight years ago, a woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden.She planted vegetables, knocked down the garden wall, and put up a sign saying, “ Helpy

22、ourself! Today, Pam has completely changed the town. 2. A new town hasbeen born, which is called可 ISdibe) (TodmordenPam explained why she came up with the popular idea. "It'spossible andpositive. 3. Many people know we have to change, but how to do that is a question.So one day, she gathere

23、 d 聚集) all the villagers together. 4.他們決定立刻做 些不同的事。They did it. Only a short time later, Todmorden became a big gardenfull of fruit and vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a saying: If you want to eat, you're in.But that's not all. There are more than 700 edible towns appearing around theworl

24、d, from Canada to Mali.5. People change the way they think about food and protect the environment at the same time.71. 2. 3. 4. 5. Passage4【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一個能吃的小鎮(zhèn)一一托德莫登 ”。它是由Pam 女士發(fā)起并建立，并且以“你想吃，你就進(jìn)”作為座右銘。這不僅對世界各地起到了積極的帶頭作用，而且對保護(hù)環(huán)境也是意義非凡。1. Any open space is used to grow fruit and vegetableS解析】 這是個

25、簡單句。被用來做某事：be used to do sth。 .2. 一個新的城鎮(zhèn)誕生了，叫做 可食用的Todmorden"。【解析】這是一個定語從 句，先行詞為town,后面是which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。3. 許多人知道我們必須改變，但如何改變是一個問題?！窘馕觥窟@是一個賓語從句， 主語： many people; 謂語：know； 賓語： we have to change 句子的后半部 分是but連接的一個簡單句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。4. They decided to do something different at onceI解析】 這是個簡單句。決定: decide to; 不同的：

26、 different; 立即 at once5. 人們改變了對食物的看法，同時也保護(hù)了環(huán)境?！窘馕觥窟@是由并列連詞and連接起來的兩個句子。第一個句子是定語從句，先行詞為way， 后面是省略了that一9的一個定語從句。think about考慮；protect保護(hù)Passage 5Now, we know that if we do not get enough vitamins, we are at risk of developing a number of diseases.1. As a result, vitamin supplements （補(bǔ)品）are popular with

27、 people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the food. But medical experts have found small amount of them do nothing to improve health or protect against diseases.In fact, medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example, too much vitamin E

28、can cause bleeding. 2. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors. As some vitamins can produce harmful side effects 副作用）when mixed with medicine.Experts, however, say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent diseases. 3.知 道自己缺乏一種特殊維生素的人應(yīng)該服用維生素補(bǔ)品。 Some older adults, for example

29、, may not have enough vitamin B-twelve. This is because, as people get older, the body loses its ability to take it from food. Also, people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the body makes this vitamin from sunlight.4.不同的維生素被發(fā)現(xiàn)在不同的食物中。In fact, for most people, a balanceddie

30、t can reach enough of the vitamins our bodies need. 5. So, it is important for us to eat a mixture of food every day to make sure that we get enough vitamins.1.一#3. 4. 5. Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們是否需要吃維生素補(bǔ)5品，以及在吃維生素補(bǔ)品之前，應(yīng)先咨詢醫(yī)生，也介紹了各種維生素分別存在于哪些食物中。1. 因此，維生素補(bǔ)品很受那些擔(dān)心從食物中得不到足夠的維生素的人們的歡迎?！窘馕觥窟@是一個含有賓

31、語從句的定語從句。先行詞為people,后面是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。在定語從句中，含有一個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作謂語動詞worry 的賓語。2. 人們應(yīng)該和他們的醫(yī)生討論吃什么維生素?！窘馕觥窟@是一個賓語從句。主語為People;謂語為should discuss賓語為 what引導(dǎo)的從句。3. People who know they are short of a special vitamin should take vitamin supplements.【解析】這是一個定語從句，先行詞為 people,后面是who引導(dǎo)的 一個定語從句。缺乏：be short of。4. Diffe

32、rent vitamins are found in different foods.【 解析】 這是一個簡單句。被發(fā)現(xiàn)：be found。5. 因此， 每天吃混合食物，以確保我們獲得足夠的維生素對我們來說很重要?！窘馕觥?這個句子前半部分是句型“ it's +adj. + to do sth. ； 后半部分是目的狀語。 ”make10 13sure確保。Passage 6According to China Daily, Shanghai Jiao Tong University has carried out the experimental operation of the dr

33、iver-less minibus in Xuhui campus recently. 1. The report said that the eight seat bus was to be used for campus service. Since May 2nd, the buses have safely transported more than 1,000 passengers at the highest speed of 15 kilometers per hour.It was developed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and a

34、 company that researches the automatic 自動的） driving system. 2. Under the guidance of the cloud map, the bus can catch the passengers and take them to the station they choose. Passengers need to pay by scanning the QR co de3 描二維碼）on the bus. 3 徐匯校區(qū)內(nèi)有四個站點(diǎn)。In the bus, passengers can use the touch scree

35、n or the voicesystem to change the destination.46文輛公共差（車不僅在天氣，晴朗的時彳度運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好。It even can normally workwhen it rains or snows. What's more, it is also good for the environment. It uses electricity instead of oil. The charging （充電） of five to six hours will ensure （確保） a whole day's operation.The

36、driver-less bus will make our life more convenient and easier. 5. There is no doubt that they will appea門n more and more cities.1.3. 4. 5. Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了上海交通大學(xué)徐匯校區(qū)試行無6人駕駛巴士這一消息及無人巴士的運(yùn)行模式。1. 報告說，八個座位的巴士將用于校園服務(wù)。【解析】這是一個賓語從句，主語為report;謂語為said, that引導(dǎo)的句子作said的賓語。be used for用于。2. 在云地圖的引導(dǎo)下，公共汽

37、車可以接到乘客并把他們帶到他們選擇的車站?！?解析】guidance弓I導(dǎo)；cloud map云地圖；take sb. to the statio滯某人至U某個車站。3. There are four stops in the Xuhui campus.【解析】這是一個 there be句型。遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則。站點(diǎn)：stop。4. The bus not only works well on fine days【解析】work well :工作狀況良好。晴朗的天氣：fine day。5. 毫無疑問，它們將在越來越多的城市出現(xiàn)。【解析】 no doubt毫無疑問的； appear出現(xiàn)；more

38、and more越來越。話題 2 咨詢建議4Passage 7Do you dream of growing up quickly so you can spend your own money? Do you12 want to make some money by yourselves?Collect soft drink cans（罐）.1. 你可以把飲料罐賣掉，用錢買一個新籃球上。At the same time, you'll be keeping the environment clean!Sell used books.2. You may have some books

39、 that you have read but you don't want to keep. Then you can sell them to make money.Make cards.3. If you are good at drawing, try making special cards for birthdays, either by hand or with a computer. Your friends may want them for special days. 4. 如果你力、 雙方都同意的話，你可以低價賣給他們。Be a teacher.Want to b

40、e a teacher in the future? Start practicing now. Are you good at math or reading, or playing musical instruments? 5. You can teach younger children how to get better grades or give them music lessons.What are you good at? What do you like to do? Make sure it's safe and legal（合 法的）.1.15 一2.3. 4.

41、5. Passage“主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。本文就如何自己掙錢提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1. You can sell the cans and use the money for a new basketball解析】 這是個簡單句，用錢買籃球：use the money for a new basketba。 ll2. 你可能有一些你讀過的書，但你不想保留了?！窘馕觥窟@是一個定語從句，先行詞為some books后面為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。3. 如果你擅長繪畫，試著為生日制作特別卡片，無論是用手還是用電腦?！窘馕觥勘揪錇閕f引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。從句為 “If you are good at

42、drawing ;主句為“try making special cards for birthdays, either by hand or with a computer.。4. You can sell them your cards at a low price if both of you agree.【解析】 這是個條件狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。低價：at a low price。5. 你可以教年幼的孩子如何取得更好的成績或給他們上音樂課?！窘馕觥?這是一個含有賓語補(bǔ)足語的簡單句。主語為 you,謂語為teach和give,賓語為youngerchidren, 賓語補(bǔ)足語為 “

43、how to get better grades "them music lessons ”Passage 8We often have practice for a fire at school, and we all know the danger of fires. 1.#因此，對于一個家庭來說，學(xué)習(xí)如何為火災(zāi)做準(zhǔn)備是很有必要的。Here are somesuggestions.Put a smoke alanr（警報）in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. 2. The alarm makes a

44、 loud sound, which tells everyone to leave the house at once.Make escape plans. We should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. 3.該計劃的一部分是檢查所有的窗 口， 以 確保它們可以被輕松地打開。Buy fire extinguishers （滅火器）and put them in the house. Everyone in the family sho

45、uld know how to use them.Practice for a fire. 4. We do fire practice because we teach children some things about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules: Don't open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door. Stay close to the floor! Smoke ca

46、n be more dangerous than fire. The best air is near the floor because smoke rises. 5. What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don't run! The fire burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out.The

47、re are many possible causes for fires. A wise family is ready for a fire all the time.1.17 Passage 93. 4. 5. Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了預(yù)防火災(zāi)的建議以及火災(zāi)發(fā)生8時應(yīng)遵循的規(guī)則。1. So it's necessary for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire【解析】 本句是個固定句型“ it's +adj. + for sb. to do sth. ；為火災(zāi)做準(zhǔn)備： ”prepare fo

48、r a fire。2. 警報發(fā)出響亮的聲音，讓每個人立刻離開房子?！窘馕觥?本句是一個定語從句。先行詞為sound,后面為which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。3. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily.【解析】本句是一個簡單句，屬于主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，“ to make sure they can be openedeasily屬于目的狀語。檢查：check；確保：make sure4. 我們做防火練習(xí)是因為我們教孩子一些關(guān)于消防安全的東西。【解析】 本句是一個原因狀語從句。后面的從

49、句“ because we teach children some things about firesafety 表示原因。 ”5. 如果你的頭發(fā)或衣服開始燃燒，你會怎么做？【解析】 這是一個條件狀語從句。主句為 “What will you do, 從句為 “if your hair or clothes start to burn”People can't see you when you're speaking on the phone, but they can hear you. 1. 所以，你說話的方式尤其重要。In fact, researchers have

50、found that 80% ofcommunication over the phone is through your tone（語氣）of voice; and only 20% is from the words you use. 2. Here are some tips on how to speak over the phone.Volume （音量）3. If you speak too loudly, you could sound angry. And if you speak too softly, it'll be difficult to hear you.

51、So, speak loudly enough to be heard clearly, but not so loud that you're shouting.Pace （步調(diào)）4. 試著說得比平時慢一點(diǎn)。This will make you sound confident, and it'll makeit easier for the other person to understand you.MovementIf you're feeling nervous, stand up and move around. 5. It will reduce the n

52、ervousness in your body and help your voice to sound more confident.Pauses （停頓）Using pauses every now and then can help you to slow down. This will make you sound more confident and in control. Also, if you pause after giving some new information, it'll give the other person time to understand i

53、t.19Passage 102. 3. 4. 5. Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文中提供了六條如何有效用電話溝通9 的建議。1. So, the way you speak is especially important.【解析】這是一個簡單句，主語為 the way you speak 表語為：important。尤其：especially。2. 這里有一些關(guān)于如何在電話里說話的建議。【解析】這個是由here 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，here位于句首時，后接名詞時用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，how to speak是on的賓語；over the phone為介詞短語，意為 通過電話”。3. 如果你說

54、話太大聲，你可能聽起來很生氣?！窘馕觥窟@是一個條件狀語從句，主句為:you could sound angry 從句為： If you speak too loudly。4. Try speaking a little more slowly than normal.【解析】這是一個含比較級的句子。更慢： more slowly。5. 它將減少你身體的緊張，有助于你的聲音聽起來更自信。【解析】這句是一個由and連接兩個簡單句組成的句子。reduce：減少；confident:自信。Is there anything worse than that? You bravely raise your

55、 hand to answer a question, but your teacher just point out that you're wrong. 1.太遺憾了 ！What couldthe teacher make you suffer受）this?2.反而要放松并信任你的老師。Your teacher isn't calling you out tohumiliate（使丟臉）you, but care about you and your education. Having all your classmates come to know your weak p

56、oints can be pretty hard. 3. So how can you get past the shame and realize class participatio n 參與） as a learning chance?Practice,practice,practice. Terrill Schumaker, a teacher, explains that“the moreyou speak out, the more you learn how to grow and build confidence. Then you can live an exciting l

57、ife.”Realize it's not a big deal. It's not the end of the world. People aren't going to care all that much. 4. fl'm wrong or make a stupid point, then people laugh at me, but life moves on. says Greade 12 Kristen Wesenberg. Besides, everybody makes mistakes, and you can't be perf

58、ect all the time.Be brave in class.Of course it takes courage（氣），but what's the point of living in fear? You won't learn anything if you are not brave enough.Use the experience as a learning tool. 5. Wesenberg advises asking teachers why you're wrong. They can explain and you can learn. Use class time as mini-test. If you're wrong