1、中考英語閱讀理解知識點梳理及經(jīng)典練習（超詳細）1一、初三英語閱讀理解(含答案詳細解析)1 .閱讀理解Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne(凡爾納)asthe father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer.

2、At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth (1864) and From the Earth to the Moon ( 1865).In the 19th century, many people were inte

3、rested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions (預言) for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long t

4、ime before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich.Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon dr

5、awings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time!(1) What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean?A. The father

6、who has several children.B. The man who loves science and inventions.C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction.D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully.(2) What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories?A. The plays he wrote for the theater.B. The encouragement fro

7、m his father.C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.D. The scientific subjects in his stories.(3) Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century?A. Because his books made him rich and famous.B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time.C. Because his books were t

8、he subjects for many movies.D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions.(4) Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg?A. Five Weeks in a Balloon.B. Around the World in Eighty Days.C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth.D. From the Earth to the Moon.(5) A

9、ccording to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. The space flight Verne described was different from others.B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century.D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.【答案】 （ 1 ） D

10、（2） C（3） D（4） B（5） D【解析】 【分析】文章大意：許多人認為朱勒凡爾納是科幻小說之父，他的父親希望他能成為一名律師，但是當他二十歲的時候，凡爾納決定成為一名作家，他的書寫的非常受歡迎，朱勒凡爾納的書已經(jīng)成為許多電影的主題。（1）詞語理解題。根據(jù)短語 the father of science fiction 科幻小說之父?？芍?Jules Verne 被認為是第一個寫科幻小說的人，故選 D。（ 2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句 he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book e

11、ncouraged him to write more stories 可知故事 Five W” eeks in a Balloon 的 成功讓凡爾納更有動力寫更多的小說，故選C。（ 3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句由文中In the 19th century, many people were interestedin science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular.可知在19世紀，許多人對科學和

12、發(fā)明感興趣。儒勒凡爾納在他的小說中寫下了科學主題，因此很受歡迎。故選D。（ 4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous moviebased on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg.可知 八十天環(huán)游世界是根據(jù)凡爾納的一本書改編的另一部著名電影。主角是一個叫斐利亞?？说挠恕９蔬x B。（ 5）理解判斷題。根據(jù)文中的語句Verne's writing included man

13、y predictions （預言） forthe 20th century and many of them came true. 可知凡爾納的作品包括了許多對20 世紀的預言，其中許多預言都實現(xiàn)了，故選D?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。 本題主要考查了細節(jié)理解題，詞義理解歸納題以及判斷題，做題的時候，先從題目中找到一個關鍵詞，它可以幫助我們很快地定位原文，找到答案。2 閱讀理解What do you see when you look at abstract （抽象的） art? Can you understand it? Does it look like anything?Abstract

14、art became popular in the early 20th century. Artists did not want to paint, draw, or sculpt things exactly like they looked. They didn't want their art to be realistic （現(xiàn)實的） . They were more interested in basic shapes and colours.Picasso is probably the most famous of these artists. He painted

15、and drew in many, many styles. Sometimes he used a lot of blue colours （ his "blue period" ） . Later, he used more red and pink colours （ his "rose period" ） . Many of his other paintings are called "cubist （立體派的） " because they are made of painted squares.After a long

16、time, Picasso's paintings became more and more abstract. He painted people and things using strange shapes. His work was so strange that many of his workmates didn't understand it.Kandinsky, another famous artist, used lines, shapes, and patterns to paint his subjects. His paintings also use

17、d strong colours to express feelings. Other artists like the surrealists(超現(xiàn)實主義畫家), were interested in subconsciousness (潛意識).Painters like Breton andMagritte used many symbols in their work. The meaning or subject of their work wasn't always clear. Dali, another surrealist artist, painted pictur

18、es that looked like dreams.There are still many abstract artists around the world. That's the way many artists prefer. They want each person to look at art and find their own meaning in it.(1) Which would be most like abstract art?A. A painting of a house.B. A sculpture of a car.C. A drawing of

19、two people in a coffee house.D. A red and blue painting, with no clear subject.(2) What happened to Picasso's work after a long time? A. It became more abstract.B. It became less strange.C. He went from using red colours to using blue colours.D. He only painted with coloured squares.(3) How did

20、Kandinsky express feelings?A. By using strong colours.B. By painting realistic people.C. By painting with a lot of symbols.D. By painting in red and pink colours.(4) Which of the following is NOT true?A. Picasso painted in many different styles.B. Dali was interested in dreams.C. Abstract artists fe

21、el each work of art only has one meaning.D. Magritte's art was full of symbols.【答案】(1) DA(3) A(4) C【解析】【分析】本文介紹了抽象派藝術及其代表人物畢加索。(1)推理題。根據(jù)畢加索是抽象藝術的代表人物Sometimes he used a lot of bluecolours (his "blue period" ) . Later, he used more red and pink colours有時他使用很多藍色，后來，他使用了更多的紅色和粉色，可知一幅紅色和藍色

22、的畫，沒有清晰的主題最像抽象藝術，故選Do(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù) After a long time, Picasso's paintings became more and more abstract可知很久以后畢加索的作品變得更加抽象，故選A。(3) 細節(jié)題。根據(jù) His paintings also used strong colours to express feelings可知 康定斯通過使用強烈的顏色基表達感情的，故選Ao(4)細節(jié)題。根據(jù) The meaning or subject of their work wasn't always clear. Dali, a

23、nother surrealist artist, painted pictures that looked like dreams.他們工作的意義或主題并不總是清楚的。另一位超現(xiàn)實主義藝術家達利畫的畫看起來像夢可知抽象藝術家覺得每件藝術品只有一種意義是錯誤的，故選Co【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷 題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。3 .閱讀理解Scrapbooking is a hobby. It was popular for more than 500 years. People called it a friendship book.

24、 They kept pictures, letters, poems and other things they wanted to remember.Today people collect many things in scrapbooks. Some people have funny collections, like the world's most awkward ideas or pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weath

25、er.It is easy to get started. First, you should decide what you want to collect. Start with just one idea. Next, you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue. You need the scissors to cut out the pictures or stories. You need the glue to stick them to the background paper.You can be

26、 busy and collect many things or lazy and collect few things. It'll be lots of fun to make your scrapbook and you can share it with your friends.(1) How long was scrapbooking popular?A. less than 500 years B. 500 years C. over 500 years D. more than 550 years (2) What is the Chinese meaning of t

27、he underlined word "awkward"?A.聰明的iB.愚蠢的C.美妙的iD.殘疾的(3) How many items (物品) are mentioned to make a scrapbook?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.(4) To make a scrapbook, what do you need first?A. Glue.B. Scissors.C. A book.D. An idea.(5) What's the best title of the passage?A. ScrapbookingB

28、. The History of ScrapbookingC. What Is a Scrapbook?D. How to make a Scrapbook【答案】(1) CB(3) C(4) DA【解析】【分析】本文介紹了剪粘書的通途，可以保存照片、信件、詩歌和其他他們想記 住的東西。(1)細節(jié)題。根 It was popular for more than 500 years 可知它流行了 500 多年，故選 C。(2)詞義猜測題。根據(jù) pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories

29、about the bad weather世界上最丑陋的狗的照片。其他人可能會收集壞天氣的故事 可知awkward指愚蠢的，故選 B。(3) 細節(jié)題。根據(jù) you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue 你需要本 背景紙、剪刀和膠水的書可知3種物品被提到制作剪貼簿，故選Co(4)細節(jié)題。根據(jù) First, you should decide what you want to collect.可知要制作剪貼簿，你首先需要，故選D。(5)主旨題。根據(jù)本文介紹了剪粘書的通途，可知Scrapbooking適合做標題，故選 A。

30、【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題，詞義猜測題和主旨題四種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要 注意從文中尋找答案，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通 讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4 .根據(jù)短文理解，選擇正確答案。ASome people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for yo

31、u to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap (代溝)Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them You can

32、9;t express (表達) yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.Try to reach a compromise(和解).Perhaps y

33、ou and your parents disagree (有分歧)onsomething. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a car. They argued over it, but finally they came to a compromise. Michael bought the car, but only drove it on certain da

34、ys.Of course your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect(尊敬)to them. Showing respect will keep yourrelationship strong.Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own.

35、Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try.(1) From the passage we know have a communication problem.A. parents and childr

36、en of all agesB. children and other peopleC. parents and their school childrenD. teachers and their students(2) How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap?A. 5B. 4C. 3D. 2(3) The underlined phrase "cool off" in the passage means.A. make yourself happyB.

37、make yourself quiet and relaxedC. become angryD. go away(4) If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better.A. argue with themB. keep away from themC. agree with them all the timeD. tell your parents what you care about The best title for the passage is.A. How to Br

38、idge the Generation GapB. How to Deal with Family ProblemsC. How to Be Good ParentsD. How to Be a Good Child【答案】(1) A(2) C(3) B(4) DA【解析】【分析】父子之間有代溝，主要原因就是缺少溝通，當我們彼此了解了對方的觀 點和想法以后，就能很容易的理解對方，從而消除代溝。(1)細節(jié)理解，根據(jù)文中語句 "Communicationis a problem for parents and children of all ages.理解可知。父母和孩子之間的溝通問題在

39、任何年齡段都存在，故選 Ao(2)理解歸納，通讀文中語句理解可知，作者給我們提了三條建議，故選Co(3) 詞義理解，根據(jù) You can't express (表達)yourself well if you are angry. Go to someplace to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy.可知生氣的時候不能表達你自己，找個地方冷靜冷靜，讓自己明白為什么不開心。所以 cool off意思是冷靜下來”故選Bo(4) 細節(jié)理解，根據(jù)文中語句 "The values of your parents

40、 are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why.理解可知。讓父母了解你的價值 觀，可以幫助父母更加的了解你，故選Do(5) 主旨大意，通讀全文中的語句理解可知，本文主要介紹怎樣消除代溝的建議，第一段最后句 Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap(代溝).是本文的中心句，故選Ao【點評】閱讀理解考查對篇章的把握和對細節(jié)的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關鍵 詞，在文章中尋找答案。

41、5 .根據(jù)短文理解，選擇正確答案。BPeople all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. It can also influence the way we behave with our families. So how do we deal with our problems? There are many ways and here

42、 is one of themMost of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teachers. Perhaps they said something you didn't like, or you felt they were unfair. Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost.When we are angry, h

43、owever, we are usually the ones affected. Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other. However, this usually does not last for long. This is an important lesson for us to learn.(1) What is the writer?A. A shopkeeper.B.

44、 A doctor.C. A student.D. A dentist.(2) What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to deal with problems.B. How to do at school.C. How to behave with families.D. How to talk to each other.(3) What will happen if people stay angry for long according to the text?A. They feel unfair.B. They may get si

45、ck.C. Good friendship may be lost.D. They may miss each other.(4) Children decide not to talk to each other probably because.A. they become unhappyB. they have different ideasC. they worry about a small problemD. they want disagreements From the passage, we know an important lesson for us isA. playi

46、ng together B. learning to forget C. staying angry D. feeling unfair 【答案】(1) CA(3) C(4) BB【解析】【分析】人與人之間難免會有磕磕碰碰，相處的時候出現(xiàn)了問題怎么辦？本文告訴我們怎樣處理與人相處時的問題。推理判斷 l.根據(jù)第一段 Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. 可知作 者是一個學生。不是店主、醫(yī)生或牙醫(yī)。故選 Q主旨大意。根據(jù)文章第段People all have problems. If we don't dea

47、l with these problems,we can easily become unhappy.可知問題討論如何處理問題，故選A。根據(jù) Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost可知為小事長時間生氣會失去好朋友。故選 C根據(jù) Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other. 可知小孩不說 話是因為他們有分歧。故選Bo歸

48、納總結。根據(jù)最后一句話This is an important lesson for us to learn.可知長時間生氣不好，所以要學會遺忘。故選 B。【點評】閱讀理解考查對篇章的把握和對細節(jié)的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關鍵 詞，在文章中尋找答案。6 .根據(jù)短文內容選擇正確答案。BWhen you're not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their hom

49、ework or watching television? With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries.A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices （裝置）,such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication

50、 or WiFi over the internet.More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, yo

51、u can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants.Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices

52、 are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information. When a problem appears, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional.However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be rather expensive to own the technology an

53、d the devices. Also, because the smart home system （系 統(tǒng)） allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers （黑客）,who may secretly use or change the information in the system.Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology.

54、 Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure-smart home technology will change the way we

55、live and work.（1） According to the passage, nowadays a smart home can lock the door through A. electric lights B. mirror technologies C. mobile phones D. shopping programs （2） The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about .A. the steps to use smart systemsB. the prices of smart programsC. the a

56、dvantages of a smart homeD. the tools for setting up smart devices(3) Which of the following is TRUE about a smart home according to the passage?A. Smart homes can't help feed pets nowadays.B. Smart homes costs a lot of money at present.C. You can't control your smart home in other countries

57、.D. It's hard for hackers to get information from smart homes.(4) What's the writer's opinion according to the passage?A. People will become less happy in the future.B. People's life style will be different in the future.C. Mobile phones are the most important in smart homes.D. Smart

58、 homes are much better than other smart systems.【答案】(1) C(2) C(3) B(4) B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念，作者認為智能家居技術將 對我們的生活和工作方式帶來變革。(1)推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段 allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.可知智能儀器可以通過電線，手機，無線網(wǎng)絡等控制。electric li

59、ghts電子光線；mirror technologies 鏡像技術；mobilephones移動電話；shopping programs購物程序。故選 C。(2)段落大意。根據(jù)第三段第句More and more people may start to consider owning asmart home, because it makes life much more convenient.可知越來越多的人開始考慮擁有個智能家庭，因為它給生活帶來極大的方便，結合下文可知都是在談論智能家庭的優(yōu)點。故選Co(3)細節(jié)理解。根據(jù) They can even feed the cat and water the plants 可知 A錯誤；根據(jù)第四 段 It can be rather expensive