1、摘 要設(shè)計概況設(shè)計題目為飛豹辦公大樓，坐落在長沙市岳麓區(qū)，是由中建八局集團(tuán)投資開發(fā)的能夠滿足小型公司的辦公要求，適應(yīng)城市商業(yè)區(qū)的商務(wù)需求，同時也有利于改善和豐富街景。本設(shè)計一共分三個大部分：建筑設(shè)計、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和施工設(shè)計。建筑設(shè)計本工程主體結(jié)構(gòu)為鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)，總建筑面積11239.26m2，主體房屋長56m，寬度為18m；房屋主體高度為36.9m。-1層層高為3.6m，1層層高為3.6m，2層10層層高為3.3m。本辦公樓樓屬于二類建筑，設(shè)計使用年限50年，抗震設(shè)防烈度為7度，防火等級為二級，屋面防水采用二級防水。氣象條件：溫度：最熱月平均29.3度，最冷月平均4.7度，夏季極端最高溫度4

2、0.6度，冬季極端最低溫度-5.3度。相對濕度：最熱月平均75%。平面布置：設(shè)計以“適用、經(jīng)濟(jì)和美觀”為原則。做到了房間面積合適、空間關(guān)系協(xié)調(diào)、環(huán)境條件良好，同時結(jié)構(gòu)、構(gòu)造和施工簡單、合理且方便。建筑裝修：為保證與周圍建筑群的和諧一致，滿足城市統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃要求，本建筑外墻采用白色面磚裝飾；樓地面裝修：辦公室、會客廳等采用瓷磚地面；內(nèi)墻面裝飾以粉刷乳膠漆為主；防水層采用改性瀝青防水卷材。建筑布局重點解決建筑物內(nèi)部各種使用功能和使用空間的合理安排，建筑物與周圍環(huán)境、與各層外部條件的協(xié)調(diào)配合，建筑與結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑與各種設(shè)備等相關(guān)技術(shù)的綜合協(xié)調(diào)，實現(xiàn)預(yù)定功能。建筑方案偏重于結(jié)構(gòu)合理方便設(shè)計，外觀中規(guī)中矩，簡單

3、卻適用。結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計工程地質(zhì)條件：自然地表1m內(nèi)為素填土，素填土下層為1.5m厚的砂性土，再往下為2.5m厚全風(fēng)化砂礫層，全風(fēng)化砂礫層地基承載力特征值為140-180kPa，再往下為3.0m厚強(qiáng)風(fēng)化砂礫層，強(qiáng)風(fēng)化砂礫層地基承載力特征值為400kPa。地下水位：地表以下2.7m，無侵蝕性。設(shè)計荷載：基本風(fēng)壓：0.35kN/m2； 基本雪壓：0.45kN/m2；屋面活載：2.0kN/m2；樓面活載：根據(jù)不同的房間分別取值，具體見結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計計算書。材料：主要使用C40等級混凝土，HRB400級受力鋼筋和HPB300級箍筋，地上各層墻體采用混凝土小型空心砌塊。本工程采用柱下獨立基礎(chǔ)，室內(nèi)外高差為0.45m。

4、本工程結(jié)構(gòu)形式選用鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范 (GB50011-2010)可知，本結(jié)構(gòu)屬于二級抗震。主要構(gòu)件截面尺寸：柱：800mm×800mm；框架梁：300mm×700mm；次梁：300mm×600mm、300mm×550mm、300mm×500mm，沿縱、橫向布置；屋面板和樓板的厚度分別均為120mm。本工程參考最新混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范（2010版）及其他相關(guān)最新規(guī)范進(jìn)行設(shè)計。結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計過程涉及以下內(nèi)容：對結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行荷載計算、地震和風(fēng)荷載計算并繪出受荷總圖。用迭代法進(jìn)行豎向荷載作用下的內(nèi)力計算；采用D值法進(jìn)行水平地震作用下的框架內(nèi)

5、力計算；風(fēng)荷載作用下的內(nèi)力計算；分別進(jìn)行地震和風(fēng)荷載作用下的位移驗算。分別進(jìn)行考慮地震作用與不考慮地震作用的內(nèi)力最不利組合；進(jìn)行底層、頂層和至少一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層梁、柱的配筋計算、并應(yīng)滿足抗震構(gòu)造要求；裂縫寬度驗算；選1個邊柱和1個中柱基礎(chǔ)，確定其尺寸，進(jìn)行地基承載能力驗算；基礎(chǔ)配筋計算；采用PKPM進(jìn)行計算；將某一種荷載作用下的電算結(jié)果打印出來后，對該種荷載作用下的電算結(jié)果與手算結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析。參考建筑結(jié)構(gòu)制圖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，繪制基礎(chǔ)平面布置圖、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層結(jié)構(gòu)布置圖、屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)布置圖、一榀框架的模板配筋圖。結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計主要采用天正結(jié)構(gòu)、AUTOCAD、PKPM等軟件作圖。在設(shè)計中對迭代法應(yīng)用OFFICE軟件中的EXC

6、EL進(jìn)行重復(fù)迭代計算和繪圖，使用BetterWMF等對CAD圖復(fù)制拷貝，EXCEL中的計算表格轉(zhuǎn)換成圖片后粘貼到word文檔里面形成計算書。同時，在內(nèi)力組合和截面設(shè)計方面都借助了EXCEL表格的強(qiáng)大數(shù)據(jù)處理功能。本工程設(shè)計采用底部剪力法進(jìn)行地震作用下的內(nèi)力計算，底部剪力法適用于質(zhì)量和剛度沿高度分布比較均勻、高度不超過40m、以剪切變形為主的結(jié)構(gòu)，振動時有水平位移以基本振型為主且基本振型接近直線的特點。施工組織設(shè)計 本工程的施工設(shè)計主要分為施工方案設(shè)計，工程量計算和工期計算，以及施工總平面圖，施工進(jìn)度計劃網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖和施工進(jìn)度計劃橫道圖等方面的內(nèi)容。設(shè)計主要參考建設(shè)工程工程量清單計價規(guī)范(GB5050

7、0-2008)、建筑工程施工質(zhì)量驗收統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB50300-2001)等方面的規(guī)范和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。施工方案階段設(shè)計主要考慮施工的順序問題，必須結(jié)合實際工程，合理安排各施工過程的時間，科學(xué)合理的組織工人和機(jī)械，這就必須運(yùn)用施工組織設(shè)計，利用流水施工作業(yè)，達(dá)到節(jié)省工程開銷的目的。施工順序依次遵循“先地下，后地上；先框架，后砌體；先結(jié)構(gòu)，后裝飾；最后做室外工程”的施工順序，充分利用平面、空間和時間，組織立體交叉作業(yè)，為及早插入裝飾和各專業(yè)施工創(chuàng)造條件，做到科學(xué)管理、均衡施工。本工程施工設(shè)計中施工方案的設(shè)計主要涉及測量定位放線、土方工程、模板工程、鋼筋工程、混凝土工程、砌體工程、防水工程、水電安裝工程、腳手

8、架工程和裝飾裝修工程等。同時由于本工程主樓工期為358天，工期較長，需要考慮可能出現(xiàn)的特殊季節(jié)施工，如冬季施工和雨季施工。施工設(shè)計出于簡單方便的原則，在工程量計算和工期計算方面僅考慮主要項目，而忽略次要項目。畢業(yè)設(shè)計成果1.建筑平面圖（-1層，1層，210層，屋頂層）2.立面圖（正立面、左側(cè)立面）3.剖面圖及構(gòu)造詳圖4.基礎(chǔ)平面布置圖及基礎(chǔ)詳圖5.結(jié)構(gòu)平面布置圖（1層，210層，屋頂層）6.一榀框架的模板配筋圖7.施工總平面布置圖8.施工進(jìn)度計劃圖（橫道圖及網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖）9.建筑設(shè)計說明書、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計說明書、結(jié)構(gòu)計算書及施工計算書10.中英文摘要設(shè)計參考相關(guān)規(guī)范混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB50010-20

9、10)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范(GB50009-2010)建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB50011-2010)建筑地基基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB50007-2011)高層建筑混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)規(guī)程(JGJ3-2010)混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)工程施工質(zhì)量驗收規(guī)范(GB50204-2011)建設(shè)工程施工項目管理規(guī)范(GB50326-2006)建筑工程施工質(zhì)量驗收統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB50300-2001)高層民用建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范（GB 50045-95）建筑結(jié)構(gòu)制圖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB/T 50105-2010）中南地區(qū)工程建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計建筑圖集相關(guān)現(xiàn)行建筑施工規(guī)范關(guān)鍵詞：高層公寓式寫字樓，建筑設(shè)計，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計，施工設(shè)計ABSTRACTProject Ove

10、rview The building is named Fly Leopard high-rise office building ,located in the city of Chang Sha, Hunan province.The building will satisfied many small companies with office and accommodation.Meanwhile,it will adjust downtown business needs and help to improve and enrich the street.This design po

11、ints three parts in total: architectural design, structural design and construction design.Architectural DesignThe main structure of the building is reinforced concrete frame structure .The total area of this project is 11239.26m2 .The building, with ten stories overground and one story underground,

12、 the dimension of which is 56m × 18m , and its total height is 36.9m . Among these ten stories, the height of the basement is 3.6m，and the first floor is 3.6m , the height of other stories is 3.3m.This buildings design use fixed number of year is 50 years,belongs to class two.Earthquake-resista

13、nt intensity of the construction is 7 degree. Fire-resistance rate of the building is the second grade.Waterproof is the second grade.Meteorological condition:Temperature: The average temperature of the hottest month is 29.3, The average temperature of the coldest month is 4.7. the summer extreme ma

14、ximum temperature is 40.6, the winter extreme minimum temperature is -5.3.Relative humidity: The average relative humidity of the hottest month is 75%.The structure design uses "applicable, economical and beautiful" for the principle. It is realized that the room area is proper, spatial re

15、lation is harmonious , and environment condition is good, at the same time,structure, constitution and construction are simple, reasonable.Architectural Decoration:Considering the harmony between this high-rise apartment building and the other ones around, and in order to meet the planning requireme

16、nt of the city, we adopt white brick for the surface of the exterior wall.The surface of the floor is made of ceramic tile also in office room and the reception room. The surface of the internal wall is mainly brushed emulsion paint .Waterproof-layer consists of modified bitumen membrane.Architectur

17、al layout focuses mainly on all sorts of use functions and the reasonable arrangement of the space, and the coordination among the building, surrounding environment and the external conditions. building and structure, construction and comprehensive coordination of various equipment and related techn

18、ology, fulfilling predefined functions.The plan is focus on convenient and reasonable structure design, appearance simple but applicable.Structural DesignEngineering geological condition:Natural surfaces is filling within 1 meter, and under the filling is 1.5 meters thick sandy soil , and under the

19、sandy soil is 2.5 meters thick weathered sand gravel layer , the characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity of which is 140-180kPa , and under the weathered sand gravel layer is 3.0 meters thick strong weathering sand gravel layer ,the characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity of

20、which is 400kPa. The basic wind pressure is . Basic snow pressure and . Materials mainly use C40 concrete grade, grade HRB400 reinforced rebar and HPB300 level rebar for stirrup, ther wall use concrete small hollow block. The foundation of the building uses independent footing. The elevation differe

21、nce between the interior level and exterior level is 0.45m .The structure system of this building is reinforced concrete frame structure. According to Code for Seismic Design of Buildings(GB50011-2010), the grade of the earthquake resistant for the frame structure is the second grade.Cross section s

22、ize of the elements: Column, 800mm×800mm; Frame beam, 300mm×700mm; Secondary beam,300mm×600mm, 300mm×550m,300mm×500mm, along the longitudinal and horizontal layout. The thicknesses of the roof panel and the floor panel is 120mm. the walls are made of standard brick.This buil

23、ding refers the latest specification "Concrete Structure Design Code" (2010 edition) and other related to latest specification. Structure design process involves the following content: the structure of the load calculation, earthquake and wind load calculation and draw the assembly drawing

24、. Using iterative method to carry on the internal force under the vertical load calculation; Using the D value method to work out the frame internal force under horizontal seismic action; Calculation of wind load under the action of internal force; Calculation of the displacements under earthquake a

25、nd wind load separately. Respectively searching the effect of internal force of the most unfavorable combination considering earthquake action and not considering earthquake action;calculation of the reinforcement for beams and columns on the bottom and the top and at least one standard,and shall me

26、et the requirements of earthquake-resistant structure; Crack width calculation; Choosing a side column and a center column foundation, to determine their sizes,and to check the foundation bearing capacity; Foundation reinforcement calculation; Using PKPM to calculate; Contrast analysis for the compu

27、ting results and hand calculated results under a certain kind of load by printing out the available results under the same load condition. Referring "Structure Drawing Standards" to draw basic layout, standard layer structure arrangement, roof structure layout, and the cross template reinf

28、orcement figure for a common framework .This structure design mainly adopts software such as Tian Zheng structure, AUTOCAD, PKPM. During the design the function of EXCEL in OFFICE software is used for iterative method to make double counting and drawing, besides BetterWMF is used to duplicately copy

29、 figures on CAD, and the EXCEL computation sheets can be pasted into a word document by taking pictures function converts images.At the same time, in the aspect of internal force combination and cross section design the powerful data processing function of EXCEL spreadsheets is used.This library des

30、ign uses the bottom shear method to calculate internal force under the action of earthquake. Here the bottom shear method is suitable for structures whose mass and stiffness along the height distribution is evener, height is not more than 40m, and deformation mainly in shear form.And such structures

31、 vibrate with horizontal displacement given priority to with basic modes and the characteristics of the basic mode close to linear.Construction designThe building construction design is mainly divided into construction scheme design, calculation of quantities and schedule calculation, and constructi

32、on plan construction schedule planning network diagram and construction schedule plan figure etc. This design mainly refers to "Construction Project Quantities List Valuation Specification" (GB50500-2008), "the Architectural Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Standard "(

33、GB50300-2001), and other aspects of the norms and standards.Construction design stage mainly considerate the construction sequence, which must be combined with the actual project. And it need reasonable arrangement of the construction process, scientific and reasonable organization workers and machi

34、nery, which must use the construction organization design, use flowing water construction, to achieve the purpose of saving engineering cost. Construction sequence should follow the "underground first, after the ground; the framework first, after the masonry;structure first, after the decoratio

35、n, and after finally do outdoor project" construction sequence, make full use of the plane, space and time, organize stereo crossover operation, create conditions for early insert decoration and various professional construction, make scientific management and balanced construction.The construc

36、tion plan design in this library construction design is mainly involved in measurement positioning pay-off, earthwork engineering, template engineering, reinforcing bar engineering, concrete engineering, masonry engineering, waterproofing engineering,water and electricity installation engineering, s

37、caffolding engineering and decoration engineering, etc. At the same time, due to that the building for the construction period is 385 days, which is a little longer, there is a need to consider possible special seasonal construction, such as the construction in winter or the construction in rainy se

38、ason.For the principle of easy and convenient, the design of this library construction design only consider major projects, and ignore the secondary project in the calculation of quantities and schedule calculations .Results of the graduation design1. The floor plan (the underground layer, the first layer, 2-10 layer, roof)2. Elevation (front elevation,back elevation,left side of the facade)3. Profiles and the detail of wall construction 4. Layout and detail of founda