1、人教課標(biāo)人教課標(biāo)高一高一 必修必修 1Unit 1 She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish. My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish. My family and I are hiding in Amsterdam. She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam. My only true friend is Kittymy diary. She said that her only t

2、rue friend was Kittyher diary. After hiding here for a long time, Ive become crazy about nature. She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature.Anne said: “My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.” (Direct speech)She said that she and her family were hiding

3、 in Amsterdam. (Indirect speech)引述別人的話語(yǔ)一般采用兩種方式引述別人的話語(yǔ)一般采用兩種方式: 一是原封一是原封不動(dòng)地引用原話不動(dòng)地引用原話, 把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi), 這叫直接這叫直接引語(yǔ)引語(yǔ)(Direct speech); 一是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)一是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述述, 這叫間接引語(yǔ)這叫間接引語(yǔ)(Indirect speech).1. 直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 從句由從句由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 可省略可省略; 主句動(dòng)詞為一般將主句動(dòng)詞為一般將來(lái)時(shí)或現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)時(shí)或現(xiàn)在時(shí), 從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變。從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變。1. She often

4、 says, “All men and women are equal under the law.”1. She often says (that) all men and women are equal under the law.2. “I like reading stories,” said John. John said that he liked reading stories.3. “I dont like cars,” Sarah said to him. Sarah told him that she didnt like cars.2. 直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱要直

5、接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化；且主句動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化；且主句動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，去時(shí)時(shí)，從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)的從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。 直接引語(yǔ)里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間直接引語(yǔ)里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間 接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。1. She said: “I am hungry.” She said she was hungry.2. Mum said to me:“ You can do it yourself.” Mum told me that I could do it myself. 3. Mr. Sm

6、ith said, “He is a good worker. Mr. Smith said that he was a good worker. 1.1.人稱的變化人稱的變化1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ looked worried that day. 2. We said to her, “Theyre cleaning the room.” We told her that _ were cleaning the room. 3. Mr. Black said, “I have walk

7、ed a long way.” Mr. Black said that _ had walked a long way. I theyhe2.2.時(shí)態(tài)變化時(shí)態(tài)變化 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。 He says: “I treat you as my son.” He says that he treats me as his son.1. 主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般將現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候, 間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)(變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間

8、接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)“I know it,” he said.一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)He said he knew it. 2. 當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí), 從句要跟著相應(yīng)的變化。從句要跟著相應(yīng)的變化。 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)She said she was making coffee for us all. 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)(變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“I have seen her before,” said he. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)

9、過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said he had seen her before. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)He said he had been doing it for hours. 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)(變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)“I saw her last Monday,” he said.過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)He said he had seen her the previous Monday. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)“I was waitin

10、g for Jim,” she said. 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)She said she had been waiting for Jim.直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)(變化前變化前)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)(變化后變化后)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)He said they would start the next day.過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)“Rick had been ill for many days till he died.” Jack said.過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)Jack said Rick had been

11、 ill for many days till he died. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般一般過(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)完成時(shí)過(guò)去過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)不變不變1. “It is really cold,” she said to me. She told me that it _ really cold.was2. “I dont want to go there with Alice,” said Tom.Tom said that he

12、 _ want to go there with Alice.didnt3. The boy said: “I will be a pilot.” The boy said that he _ a pilot.”would be4. Tom said, “We are listening to music.” Tom said that they _ music. were listening to5. Mike said, “I have finished my homework.” Mike said _ his homework.he had finished 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)

13、間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí) 間間 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) now today this week yesterdaylast weekfour days agotomorrow next monththe day after tomorrowthe day before yesterdaythen that day that weekthe day beforethe week beforefour days beforethe next daythe next monthin two days timetwo days before3.3.其他變化其他變化 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞指示代詞 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

14、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 方向性動(dòng)詞方向性動(dòng)詞 this that these those here there come go bring take They asked, “Is it easy to solve the problem?”They asked if / whether it is easy to solve the problem wasThey asked if it was easy to solve the problem.He asked,“ When do you harvest the wheat? ”He askedwhenyou harvest the wheat.we

15、harvestedThey asked when we harvested the wheat.疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí), 除了除了要把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序改為要把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序改為陳述語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序, 由由whether/if 或特殊疑問(wèn)詞引或特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)外導(dǎo)外, 人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和狀語(yǔ)人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和狀語(yǔ)等也等也要作相應(yīng)地變化要作相應(yīng)地變化。1. “I dont know the address of my new home,” said Anne. Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2. “Ive got tired

16、of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows,” Anne said to her father. Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.3. “I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly,” the girl said.4. “Why did you choose your

17、diary and old letters?” her father asked her. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly. Her father asked her why had chosen her diary and old letters.5. Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.6. Margot asked her what else she had

18、hidden under her overcoat. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked/said to her. “What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.7. Anne asked her father when they would go back home.8. Father asked Anne why she had talked so much to that boy. “When shall we go back

19、 home?” Anne asked her father. “Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne. 由直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，下列情由直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，下列情況時(shí)態(tài)不變況時(shí)態(tài)不變: The teacher said that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0. The teacher said: “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” 1. 不變的真理不變的真理2. 經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣：經(jīng)常

20、的習(xí)慣： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 直接引語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)并且與具體時(shí)間直接引語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)并且與具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：狀語(yǔ)連用： The teacher said, “I was born in 1945.” The teacher said she was born in 1945.4. 部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, ,如如 must, ought to, used to, had better 等：等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述, here不必改為不必改為there, 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 come