1、第12頁 共12頁2022屆七選五答題思路 學案材料1 七選五解題技巧 一、根據(jù) 連接詞銜接手段解題一一七選五試題概述 1.考察目的 考試說明對 “七選五”的命題目的表述為“主要考察學生對文章的 整體內容和 構造以及 上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。” 七選五與完形填空有相似之處，完形填空空出的是詞，而七選五空出的是句子，考察的方式一樣，只要考生選擇的答案可以使 行文連接符合英語的語法以及表達習慣表達就行，因此，這兩類題型在做題方法上有共通之處。全國高考試卷包括北京高考試卷7 選 5 試題根本為說明文。北京高考試題以科普說明文為主。全國高考三套試卷早期的試題語篇類型多以 方法建議類說明文為主，屬于

2、典型的“總分(總)”，第 1 段是文章主旨，其他段落分別說明，各段落之間是平行、并列關系，并且各段多以 主題句加解釋說明性，而近兩年只有 20_ 年全國卷 2，2022 年全國卷 1 采用了這種中規(guī)中矩的構造文體，其余的要么采用了 遞進式構造語篇文本，要么采用了 雙層“總分( 總) ”構造，其文本構造不再像以前一樣一目了然。第 什么叫“總分總”構造？也就是第 1 段他給你一個總述，然后第 2 、3 、4 段分別介紹，最后一段進展一個總結。23.七選五文本中的顯性和隱性銜接手段 語篇應該具有 連接性，語篇連接是依靠 語篇銜接關系建立起來的。實現(xiàn)語篇連接的銜接機制有 顯性和 隱性之分，其中顯性銜接

3、是實現(xiàn)語篇連接的主要手段，而隱性銜接那么是實現(xiàn)語篇連接的不可缺少的方式。二者相間使用，互相補充，促成整個語篇連接的建立。顯性銜接手段大體可通過 詞匯銜接、 語法銜接以及 連接詞銜接等三個方面來實現(xiàn)；隱形銜接存在于語篇的底層，是語篇的無形網(wǎng)絡。這種無形網(wǎng)絡對語篇信息的理解帶來了很大困難。讀者在理解無明顯標記或僅有局部標記的語篇時，必須 借助上下文語境、 圖式知識背景知識及 推理想象等手段來完好理解語篇的隱含意義。4.英語語篇的顯性銜接：連接詞銜接連接詞如：not only.but also、but連接詞銜接：這里的連接詞是 廣義的，它不僅包括 語法意義上的連詞，也包括具有連接意義的由 副詞或介詞

4、短語所表達的狀語。通過連接詞的運用，人們可以理解句子之間的語義聯(lián)絡，甚至可以 經(jīng)前句從邏輯上可預見后續(xù)句的語義，從而進一步明確句子語義開展的方向。連接詞本身不僅 具有清楚的語義，更重要的是他們可以 表達出某種邏輯關系，因此連接詞的運用 標志著某種語義概念及 邏輯關系的出現(xiàn)，在語篇中發(fā)揮著 起承轉合的作用。連接詞的作用：無論在口語還是書面語中，這些起連接作用的詞語以其特有的方式來幫助人們理解語篇，標示出一個觀點是如何從一方面表到達另一方面的。它們的這種連接作用如同旅途上的路標，為旅行者指路導航。1 先后次序關系first; to begin with; to start with; first

5、of all; second; ne_t; at last; to end with;finally; eventually; last but not least(最后一點但這一點跟前面的一樣重要previously; simultaneously(同時地); at this time; since then; afterwards; following this; preceding this在這之前。2 因果關系 because；since；as; for; in that.(因為；由于；既然); because of this; owing to; due to; for this r

6、eason; as a result of this; another important factor/reason of .; the reason seems to be obvious; so; therefore; thus;hence; accordingly 因此；consequently 結果；in consequence; as a consequence; as a result; inevitably 必然地; so that.(so 前必須有逗號3 3 轉折關系 but; however; even so ; yet.; and yet;though; even tho

7、ugh;despite that;in spite of that; regardless of (不管，不顧4 并列關系 and; also; too; as well as; similarly; likewise 同樣地,；either., or.； both.and.; 5 補充遞進關系furthermore; moreover;ne_t; besides;in addition to;additionally not only.but also.; not.but.; more importantly ; most important of all; much more intere

8、sting; more specifically; on the one hand., on the other hand.; meanwhile; at the same time; 6 比擬關系 Similarly；in like manner 同樣地 In parison with; when pared with; pared with;Like .;similarly important;.rather than(而不是).in the same way; 7 對照不同點yet; still; notwithstanding 盡管； rather; conversely 相反地；un

9、like;opposed to; as opposed to; in contrast(to); on the contrary; contrary to; something is just the other way around 有些事恰恰相反； different from this; nevertheless 然而；whereas 然而；while;8 強調關系in fact; in truth 事實上；especially;obviously; particularly ; what is particular; undeniably; definitely;undoubtedly

10、; without a doubt; not to mention.; to be strict; to be true 誠然；In any event 無論怎么樣； without reservation 毫無保存地； it is certain/ sure that.; 9 舉例關系 for e_le；for instance； take something as e_le；take the case of ; namely 即，換句話說 in this case;as you know; you may say; as he e_plains; like ; such as; inclu

11、ding.;for one thing.,for another.; put it simply; A case in point is .; a good e_le(of.)would be .; To detail this, I would like to .; It is interesting to note that.; 10 條件關系 if, lest 以免；unless; as long as; on condition that, providing that, provided that; once.; if possible 如有可能；if necessary; if s

12、o; if not all 即便不是全部； if anything 假如有什么不同的話 例句：if anything, YYPrsquo;s uneasiness deepened.假如說有什么不一樣的話，那就是 YYP變得越來越不安了。45 因果關系 例 例 2 20_ 全國卷 3 online class Donrsquo;t openly e_press annoyance at a professor or class.40When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually

13、 says more about the student.If there is truly a concern about a professorrsquo;s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your ments.A.Thatrsquo;s what they are for.B.Turn to an online instructor for help.C.If more information is needed, they will ask.D.R

14、emember that online professors get a lot of emails.E.Below are some mon dorsquo;s and donts for online learners.F.Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G.Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.2.轉折關系 該技巧主要是指前后句構成邏輯上的轉折關系，其關系詞有 instead, however,thoug

15、h 等作為提示。例 120_ 全國 1You didnrsquo;t lose “everything”.Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40_instead, itrsquo;s a healthy way to work through the e_perience t

16、o allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can e_pect the best in return.E.Theyrsquo;ve been too badly hurt and they canrsquo;t bear to let it happen again.F.This

17、knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnrsquo;t mean yoursquo;re ignoring what happened.解析：根據(jù)空格前一句和空格后 instead 一詞后所述內容可知前后句是轉折關 系；既要看到事情的積極面，也不要無視所發(fā)生的事情。應選 G6 例 例 320_ 全國 1 A garden thatrsquo;s just right for you答案：E 隱性轉折 例

18、 4 2022 全國 1Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.A.This isnrsquo;t usual though.B.It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C.You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guest

19、s.D.If yoursquo;re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.例 6 2022 山東卷 【

20、1】Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking._(16) Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.7【2】People want to listen to someone who is interesting, rela_ed and fortable.Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” a

21、t the e_pense of the “speaking.” A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effective public speaker.C.You donrsquo;t need to apologize for a minor slip.D.When it es to public speaking, less is usually more.E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.F.Take the fear out of public speaking

22、 by focusing on your listeners.G However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 F.With a code book, you might write down words that would sta

23、nd for other words.8For e_le, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me”.The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me”. 40However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without a code book.句式同樣，并列句式B.In any language, some let