1、1、Is it enough to have survived for a long time? 已經存在很久就夠了嗎？survive verb. 比 活得長；經歷 后依然活著; 經受得住eg： Her parents died in the accident, but she survived. 她的父母死于車禍，而她卻幸免于難。These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions. 這些植物不能在寒冷的條件下存活。The house survived the storm. 經過暴風雨襲擊 , 這所房屋并未倒塌。survivor n. 幸存者

2、There was only one survivor from / of the plane crash. survival n. 幸存這次空難只有一名幸存者。His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 唯有心臟移植手術才能使他活下來。2、IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 尋找琥珀屋(1) verb: 尋找；找尋search sth for sth/sb 搜查某物以尋找某人或某物search sb for sth 搜查某人以尋找某物search for sth/sb 尋找某物或某人eg： Firefighter

3、s searched the building for survivors. 消防戰(zhàn)士搜查大樓尋找幸存者。The police searched her for drugs. 警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。She searched in vain for her passport. 她尋找護照，但是沒找到。(2) noun：尋找；找尋 search for sb/sth 搜尋某人或某物 a search for a missing plane 搜尋失蹤的飛機Some birds fly south in search of winter sun. 一些鳥飛往南方尋覓冬季陽光。3、Fredri

4、ck William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普魯士國王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。情態(tài)動詞 + have done 表示對過去所發(fā)生的事情的推測，現歸納如下：must + have done 只用于肯定句，意思是“ 過去一定做過 ”。can t +have done “ 過去不可能做過，肯定沒做過”，是 must +

5、 have done 的否定形式。should (ought to) + have done 表示 “ 本來應該做而實際上沒做” ,含有責備的語氣。should not (ought not to) + have done則表示 “本來不該做而實際上做了”，含有責備的語氣。could + have done 表示 “ 本來有能力做而實際上沒有做”?！?“ 可能 ” 。needn t + have done 表示 “本來不必做的事，實際上做過了。would like to have done 表示 “本來希望做而卻未做的事”。may (might) + have done 表示對過去的推測，多用

6、于陳述句，意思是【隨堂訓練】1、-Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. - You _ it in the wrong place. A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 解析：答案是 D。 might have done 表示過去可能做過的事。2、-Guess what! I have got an A for my term paper. -Great! You _ read widely and put a lot of

7、work into it. A. must B. should C. must have D. should have 解析：答案是 C。此句意為“ 你肯定讀了很多書”，對過去發(fā)生的事情進行推測用 must have done。3、-I cant find my purse anywhere. ，過去可能發(fā)生的事情用may have done。-You have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would 解析：答案是 A 。此句意為“ 你可能購物時丟了它了”4、My sister met him at the Grand

8、Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture A couldn have attended B needn have attended C mustn have attended D shouldn have attended 解析： 答案是 A 。此句意為“ 我妹妹昨天下午在大劇院碰見他了，所以他不可能聽了你的講座。 ” 表示過去不可能做了用“can t / couldn t have done” 。4、The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.

9、 琥珀屋的設計是當時流行的奇特風格。(1) verb: 設計；計劃；構思be designed for sth / be designed as sth / be designed to do 為某目的或用途而設計制造eg： to design a car / a dress / an office 設計汽車，連衣裙，辦公室The gloves are designed for extremely cold climates. 這些手套是為嚴寒地區(qū)設計制造的。The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work.

10、這個項目是為幫助失 業(yè)的人而開設的。(2) noun: 設計；圖案；構思 She had designs on his money. 她覬覦他的錢財。We don t know if it was done by accident or by design. 意的。我們不知道那件事是偶然的還是故5、The Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 俄羅斯人民從琥珀屋移走了一些家具和小藝術品。verb. 移開；走開；搬開 remove sth/sb from sth

11、 將某物或某人從某處移開remove sth(problems / difficulties / objections) 意見eg： He removed his hand from her shoulder. 消除，使消失 (解決問題，克服困難，消除反他把放在她肩上的手移開了。He removed the mud from his shoes. 他去掉鞋上的泥。That officer was removed from his position. 那位軍官被免職了。The news removed any doubts about the companys future. 這個消息消除了人們

12、對公司的未來removal n. 移動 ,調動 ,遷移 ,排除 ;免職 eg： removal of an official 一位官員的免職 The factory announced its removal to another town. 這家工廠宣布遷往另一座城市。6、There is no doubt that the boxes were put on a train for Konigsberg. 毫無疑問，那些箱子被 裝上開往哥尼斯堡的火車。(1) verb ：懷疑；不信doubt v +sth There seems no reason to doubt her words.

13、好象沒有理由懷疑她的話。v +(that) I never doubted (that) he would come. 我確信他會來。v +wh- I doubt whether / if he will come. 我不敢肯定他來不來。v +sb I had no reason to doubt him. 我沒有理由懷疑他。(2) noun：懷疑；疑惑doubt about / as to sth / that / wh- 懷疑beyond (any) doubt 毫無疑問in doubt 懷疑；不肯定no doubt 無疑without doubt 毫無疑問eg： There is som

14、e doubt about her honesty. 人們對她的誠實有些懷疑。It is beyond doubt that smoking is harmful to our health. 毫無疑問，吸煙有害健康。She is in doubt whether she is right. 她懷疑自己是否正確。No doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way. 倒忙。無疑他想幫忙，實際上他幫This meeting has been, without doubt, the most successful we hav

15、e had so far. 這次會議無 疑是開得最成功的一個?！倦S堂訓練】(1). Do you doubt _she will succeed? (2). I doubt _ he will keep his word. (3). I have no doubt _ he will win the game. Keys: (1). that (2). whether/if (3). that 7、After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 從那以后，琥珀屋到底發(fā) 生了什么事一直是個謎。remain 保持；停留；

16、剩下 (1)依然： v+adj / n / v-ed/ v-ing /that eg： to remain silent / standing / seated / motionless 保持沉默 /站著 /坐著 /不動In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends. 盡管吵架了，但他們依然是最好的朋友。(2)剩下： v+ (to do) eg： Very little of the house remained after the fire. 大火之后房子所剩無幾。Much remains to be done. 很多事有

17、待于做。(3)停留：v + adv. / prep eg： They remained in Mexico until June. 他們在墨西哥呆到了六月。She left, but I remained behind. 她離開了，但我留了下來?！倦S堂訓練】1、 Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated 2、 With the _ five dollars, she bought a pair of shoes for

18、her daughter. A. more B. remaining C. left D. rest 解析：答案是 D。seat sb 意為 “ 讓某人坐下 ”，所以某人坐著即為“ (Sb) be seated ”。而 remain 同 be 一樣也是系動詞，所以后面也接 seated。也可以把 seated 看作一個表狀態(tài)的形容詞 “坐著的 ”。 remain 表示“ 依然，繼續(xù)”語。，為系動詞，后加名詞，形容詞或分詞做表解析：答案是 B。remain 表“ 剩下” 為不及物動詞，表主動不用被動，所以它的形容詞形式為-ing. C 選項的 left 做后置定語。 D 項的 rest 為名詞，

19、可帶of 短語，不修飾名詞。8、To them, it was worth much more than Chen Lei paid. 對他們來說，它的價值遠遠高于陳雷花的錢。(1) worth 的用法 adj：值得的；相當于 的價值 be worth sth / doing sth 值，值得eg： The museum is certainly worth a visit. 這個博物館值得參觀。The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny. 這次旅行花了不少錢，但花得很值。This idea is well worth conside

20、ring. 這個想法很值得考慮。Hes worth 10 million. 他擁有 1 千萬的財產。 noun：價值The winner will receive 100 pounds worth of books. 獲勝者將得到價值100 英鎊的圖書。(2) more than 的用法 “more than名詞 ” 表示 “多于 ” 、“ 不僅僅是 ” “more than數詞 ” 含“以上 ”或“ 不止 ” 之意 “More than形容詞 ” 等于 “ 很”或“非常 ” 的意思在 “ more.than. 中，肯定 “ more”后面的而否定 “ than ”后面的， 約等于 “ 是 而

21、不是 ”或“ 與其說是后者，不如說是前者”eg： Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. 他不僅僅是講師，他還是個作家。I have known David for more than 20 years. I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我保證我非常高興幫你。Catherine is more lazy than stupid. 與其說凱瑟琳笨，不如說她懶。9、It can be proved that China has more population than any

22、 other countries in the world. 可以證明，中國人口比世界上任何其他國家都多。prove (proved, proved) or (proved, proven) (1)verb. ：證明sth (to sb) Just give me a chance and Ive it to you. 給我一個機會，我會證明給你看。prove (that) This proves (that) I was right. 這證明我是對的。這證明我一段時間以來說wh- This proves what I have been saying for some time. 的話。+賓

23、語 + adj She was determined to prove him wrong. 她決心要證明他錯了。(2)系動詞：證明是，顯示是adj/n Perhaps this book will prove (to be) useful. 或許這本書會證明有用的。prove to be Their fears proved to be groundless. 他們的擔心證明是無根據的。oneself (to be) n/adj He proved himself to be a good companion. 他顯示自己是好旅伴。語法講解限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句一、限制性定語從句和

24、非限制性定語從句的概念1、限制性定語從句：限制性定語從句對先行詞起限制、修飾的作用，關系代詞有that, which, whom, who, whose以及關系副詞 when, where, why 等，沒有逗號把從句與先行詞分開。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確。例如：Do you know the professor who is speaking at the meeting? Where is the book which I bought this morning? 2、非限制性定語從句：非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它

25、與主句之間通常用逗號分開。用法其實與限制性定語從句極為相似，只是不能用 This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet. that 引導。例如：English is an important subject, which every student should study well. 二、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別1、從形式上看，限制性定語從句與其先行詞緊緊相連，兩者沒有停頓；非限制性定語從句 與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。2、從意義上講，限制性定語從句用來修飾先行詞，兩者密不可分；而非限制性定語從句僅 僅對先行詞作補

26、充性敘述或說明，兩者關系不那么緊密。3、從翻譯方法來看，一般來說，限制性定語從句多半譯成漢語的前置定語，修飾其后的先 行詞，非限制性定語從句則往往譯成后置的并列從句。例如：eg： This is the house which we bought last year. 這是我們去年買的那幢房子。（限制性）This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet. 西藏工作。（非限制性）4. 從關系詞的使用來看 : (1) that 不能用來引導非限制性定語從句。(2) 在非限制性定語從句中的關系詞不能省略。這封信是他父母寫來的，他們在(

27、3) 非限制性定語從句的關系代詞 which 既可以指代前面的先行詞，也可以指代前面整句的含義。指代前面整句的含義時，定語從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。eg： She heard the terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. (which 指代 noise) He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒領會我的意思，這使我心煩。(Which 指代 “他似乎沒領會我的意思”這個句子。 ) (4) as 在引導非限制性定語從句

28、時，指代整個主句，有“ 正如，就像” 之意。as引導的定語從句可放在主句之前，之中或之后，位置靈活。例如：話可譯成：eg： As we know, smoking is harmful to our health. Smoking, as we know, is harmful to our health. “ 我們都知道，吸煙有害健康” 這句Smoking is harmful to our health, as is known to us all. 【隨堂訓練】1、He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to

29、science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is ，所以引導C. which I think it D. I think which is 【解析】答案A。先行詞是discovery ，定語從句意為“ 這個發(fā)現對科學很重要”定語從句的關系詞在從句中做主語，由which 引導。 I think 是插入語，考慮句子結構時可忽略，定語從句就簡化成了 which is of great importance to science 。2、There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a; that B.

30、 a; when C. the; that D. the; when 【解析】答案 B。全句意為 “ 曾經有一段時間我痛恨上學”。 第一空 a time 表示一段時間，第二空引起定語從句，且在從句中作時間狀語，所以用 when。3、Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which ， which【解析】答案D。從句意為“ 我對“ Carol說的在十月前能做好這項工作表示懷疑”代表“ 十月前能做好這項工作” 這部分內容，并在從句中

31、做賓語。4、Professor William keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated. A. belongs B. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged 【解析】答案 A 。belong to 不能用被動，也不能用于進行時。5、I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why

32、 【解析】答案 B。a point 是先行詞，定語從句空白處意為“ 在這一點上”，所以用表地點的where。這里表示一個抽象的地點。6、It s none of your business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself. A. how B. what C. which D. when 【解析】答案 B。此題意為“ 別人怎么看你跟你無關。相信自己。” 表示對某人或某物的看法課堂訓練一、根據下列句子及所給漢語注釋或首字母，寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式1、 As is known, the Great wall is one of t

33、he w_ of the world. 2、 In the accident, only two people s_ at last. 3、 The building is specially d_ for the disabled people. 4、 The _( 家具 ) in your room looks new at first sight. 5、 Enough _ ( 證據 )can help him a lot in the court. 6、 The old man lived in a strong _ ( 城堡 ). 7、 We _(辯論 )on that questio

34、n till late into the night. 8、 It s _(令人驚訝的 ) that the boy can speak 5 foreign languages. 9、 Taiwan is an island which _( 屬于 ) to China. 10、I saw her talking with a foreigner at the _( 二、選擇詞組，根據句意選擇適當形式填空入口 ) to the hall. at war belong to less than take apart in return for to one s surprise in searc

35、h of think highly of look into there is no doubt that rather than in other words 1、 A team of 350 experts were sent to the desert _ the buried ancient city. 2、 The police have received the letter and they are _it. 3、 I gave him some apples _ his help. 4、 The headmaster _me because of my good perform

36、ance. 5、I ve found a rare Qing Dynasty vase. But I don t know whether it should _me. 6、 The old man saw some Germans _ _ the Amber Room and moving it away. 7、 He is an explorer _ a sailor. 8、 When two countries were _, troops of armies were sent to battlefront to fight. 9、 Much _, the task was finis

37、hed in only one week. 三、選擇填空1、 The employee you had been thinking highly _ dishonest. A. of proving B. of proved C. of to prove D. of being proved. 2、 The police _ him to see if he had a gun. A. searched for B. searched C. in search of D. looked for 3、 There are two buildings,_ stands nearly a hundr

38、ed feet high. A. the larger B. the large of them C. the larger of whom D. the larger of which 4、 _ is known to all that the Amber Room belongs to the Russians. A. As B. which C. It D. What 5、 -We don t know who stole the book. Whatr opinion? s you-Jack is considered _ it. A. having done B. to have done C. doing D. to do 6、 He was so nervous during the test. No _ he didnt pass the exam.A