1、太原理工大學(xué)熱能與動力鍋爐原理課程設(shè)計(jì)示例說課程設(shè)計(jì)示例1.設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書2.原始資料鍋爐型式：帶有屏式過熱器的汽包鍋爐額定蒸發(fā)量：D=220t/h過熱器溫度：t=540C過熱器壓力：pgr=100kgf/cm2（表壓）給水溫度：t=215Cgs熱空氣溫度：trk=400C排煙溫度：e=i30C冷空氣溫度：tlk=30C設(shè)計(jì)煤種：某無煙煤，成分如下，Cy=63%,Hy=1.938%,Oy=2.16%,Ny=o.555%,Sy=0.62%,Ay=22.017%,Wy=9.71%,Qyd=22558kJ/kg制粉系統(tǒng)：本鍋爐采用鋼球磨煤機(jī)中間貯倉式熱風(fēng)送粉系統(tǒng)鍋爐給定參數(shù)：給水溫度：t=215C,鍋爐

2、負(fù)荷：D=220t/h,過熱蒸汽壓力：p=100kgf/cm2（表壓）,gsgr過熱蒸汽溫度：tgr=540C汽包工作壓力：p=112kgf/cm2（絕對）rL上4丄上匚/X.上1、快人曰匸亠r亠FirtaCy+Hy+Oy+Ny+Sy+Ay+Wy=66.7+3.2+2.1+1.25+2.47+17.97+6.31=100.00%,元素分析正確。發(fā)熱量計(jì)算應(yīng)用基低位發(fā)熱量Qydw=339Cy+1030Hy-109（Oy-Sy-25Wy煤種判別Vr=?Wy=6.31,不計(jì)顯熱，無外部熱源加熱空氣，取Qydw251912排煙溫度0pyC假定1353排煙焓IpykJ/kg由焓溫表計(jì)算18074冷空氣溫

3、度tlkC給定305理論冷空氣焓IlkkJ/kg焓溫表2656機(jī)械不完全燃燒熱損失q4%鍋爐原理-周P1524.07化學(xué)不完全燃燒熱損失q3%鍋爐原理-周P15308排煙熱損失q2%100XQ2/Qr=100(Ipy-Ilk)d-q4/100)/Qr5.889散熱損失q5%鍋爐原理-周P153圖8-30.510灰渣熱物理損失q6%.Ay=17.97vQydw/419=25191/419=60.12,w.不計(jì)011保熱系數(shù)/1-q5/100=1-0.5/1000.99512鍋爐總損失工q%q?+q?+q4+q5+q=5.88+0+4+o.5+010.3813鍋爐效率n%1-Sq89.6214過熱

4、蒸汽焓i”grkJ/kg蒸汽特性表，9.898MPa,540C3475.115給水焓打kJ/kg水特性表，11.564MPa,215C924.016過熱蒸汽流量Dkg/h給定參數(shù)220X10317鍋爐有效利用執(zhí)八、QgikJ/hD(igr-igs)=220X103X(3475.1-924)561.24X10618實(shí)際燃料消耗量Bkg/hQgl/(nQr/100)=561.24X106/(89.62X25191/100)24.86X103爐膛的熱力計(jì)算序號項(xiàng)目名稱符號單位計(jì)算公式或數(shù)據(jù)來源結(jié)果1熱空氣溫度trkC假定鍋爐原理-周P224表12-24002理論熱空氣焓%焓溫表36803爐膛漏風(fēng)系數(shù)

5、Aal/空氣平衡表0.054制粉系統(tǒng)漏風(fēng)系數(shù)Aazf/鍋爐原理-周P179表10-10.065冷空氣溫度tlkC給定306理論冷空氣焓%kJ/kg焓溫表2657空預(yù)器出口過量空氣系數(shù)卩gk/al-(Aal+Aazf)=1.2-(0.05+0.06)鍋爐原理-周P1811.098空氣帶入爐內(nèi)的熱量QkkJ/kg卩gk1%+(阿+叫=1.09X3680+(0.05+0.06)X265鍋爐原理-周P1694037.79燃料帶入爐內(nèi)的熱量QikJ/kgQr(100-q3-q4-q6)/(100-q4)+Qk=25191X(100-0+4+0)/(100-4)+4037.729228.710理論燃燒溫度

6、0aC由Q查焓溫表2029.211爐膛出口煙溫叭C假定113012爐膛出口煙焓TikJ/kg查焓溫表15246.313煙氣平均熱容VcjpjkJ/kgC(Ql-片)/(耳心)=(29228.7-15246.3)/(2029.2-1130)15.5514水蒸汽容積份額rH2O/煙氣特性表0.06615三原子氣體容積份額rn/煙氣特性表0.21316三原子氣體分壓力PnMPaP丁。.098.2130.02117輻射層有效厚度Sm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書5.4418三原子氣體輻射減弱系數(shù)kyl/(mMPa)(7.8+16r,ccrT)(7.8+16x0.0661403)J10-p-S(1000丿J10 x0.02

7、1x5.44I1000丿n3.9819灰粒子輻射減弱系數(shù)kh1/(mMPa)55900/#T2d2=55900/14032x132lh80.6820焦炭粒子輻射減弱系數(shù)kj1/(mMPa)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式1021無因次量x1/取決于燃料種類，無煙煤等1，煙煤0.5122無因次量X2/燃燒方式，室燃0.1,層燃爐0.030.123飛灰濃度人kg/kg煙氣特性表0.14924火焰輻射減弱系數(shù)k1/(mMPa)kyrn+kh卩h+kjX1X2=3.98X0.213+80.68X0.0149+10X1X0.13.0525火焰黑度a/鍋爐原理-周P169(942)l-e-kpS=l-e-3.04X0.098X5

8、.440.80326爐膛總（包敷）面積Flm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書73627水冷壁熱有效系數(shù)屮/鍋爐原理-周P173表9-3Cfh12%0.4528衛(wèi)燃帶熱有效系數(shù)%/鍋爐原理-周P173表9-30.229爐頂管熱有效系數(shù)屮Id/給定0.44130煙窗熱有效系數(shù)屮ch/給定0.44131門孔熱有效系數(shù)%/鍋爐原理-周P174032燃燒器熱有效系數(shù)屮r/鍋爐原理-周P174033平均熱有效系數(shù)人/(SViFi)/FL=(0.446X(736-68.25-32.34-70.06-1-6.82)+68.25X0.2+32.34X0.441+70.06X0.441+0+0)/7360.41834爐膛黑度ai/鍋

9、爐原理-周P174(9-96)a/(a+(1-a)屮pj)=0.803/(0.803+(1-0.803)X0.418)0.90735系數(shù)MM/結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.45236爐膛出口溫度%C右+273)C”(2029.2+273)1113.4a-2/3-2/3(gaF(9+273)3甲6小“了5.67x10-11x0.907x0.418x736(2029.2+273)3)0.6.01pj1a110452斗1i/i01pj1a11V-/.M1舫Vc110.995x23.87x103x15.55/3600丿jpj丿37誤差會C州-州.1130-1113.41ij16.638允許誤差5C給定10039爐膛出

10、口煙焓Tl煙氣焓溫表15000.540爐膛吸熱量QfikJ/kg(QT)=0.995X(29228.7-15000.5)14157.141爐內(nèi)平均輻射熱強(qiáng)度qfkW/m2BjQf/(3600HfL)=23.87X103X14157.1/(3600X721.27)127.5442爐頂輻射吸熱分布系數(shù)nid/鍋爐原理-周P175圖9-8,按爐頂相對高度大于1外推0.643爐頂輻射熱強(qiáng)度%nldqf=0.6X127.5476.5244爐頂輻射受熱面積%m2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書31.6945爐頂吸熱量QidkJ/kgqldHld/Bj=3600X76.52X31.69/(23.87X103)365.7246煙窗

11、輻射吸熱分布系數(shù)nch/鍋爐原理-周P175圖9-8,按煙窗相對高度等于10.6547系數(shù)卩卩/附頁P(yáng)178圖VI0.9848煙窗輻射熱強(qiáng)度qchkW/m2卩nchqf=0.98X0.65X127.5481.2449煙窗受熱面積Hpqm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書70.0650屏區(qū)吸收爐膛輻射熱QchkJ/kgqchHpq/Bj=3600X81.24X70.06/(23.87X103)858.4051一級減溫水量Djw1kg/h先假定20052二級減溫水量Djw2kg/h先假定20053爐頂過熱器焓增AikJ/kgQldBj/(D-Dm-氣初匸365.72X23.87X103/(220000-200-200)

12、39.7554飽和蒸汽焓ibhkJ/kg蒸汽特性表，汽包壓力112X0.098=10.976MPa,317.9C2705.4855爐頂出口蒸汽焓ildkJ/kgibh+Ai=2705.48+39.75bh2745.256爐頂出口蒸汽溫度tuldC由112X0.098=10.976MPa,(320C)2720.4,(340C)2837.0插入324.3屏式過熱器熱力計(jì)算序號項(xiàng)目名稱符號單位計(jì)算公式或數(shù)據(jù)來源結(jié)果1煙氣進(jìn)屏溫度%C爐膛計(jì)算結(jié)果1113.42煙氣進(jìn)屏焓【PkJ/kg爐膛計(jì)算結(jié)果15000.53煙氣出屏溫度C假定9654煙氣出屏焓IpkJ/kg煙氣焓溫表12811.65煙氣平均溫度0.

13、pjC(0p+0p)/2=(1113.4+965)/21039.26煙氣在屏區(qū)放熱量QypqkJ/kg(IP-IP)=0.995X(15000.5-12811.6)2178.07水蒸汽容積份額rH2O/煙氣特性表0.0668三原子氣體和水蒸氣容積份額rn/煙氣特性表0.2139三原子氣體分壓力PnMPapr=0.098X0.213rn0.02110輻射層有效厚度Sm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.7711三原子氣體輻射減弱系數(shù)ky1/(mMPa)(7.8+16r4(T.)(7.8+16x0.066.乞0371312.2)V,h20一111一0.37j.一1/1一0.37xJ10-p-S(1000丿V10 x0.

14、021x0.77I1000丿n11.3312灰粒子輻射減弱系數(shù)kh1/(mMPa)55900/Jtd2=55900/山312.22x132pph84.3613飛灰濃度人kg/kg煙氣特性表0.014914煙氣輻射減弱系數(shù)k1/(mMPa)kyrn+khgh=11.33X0.213+84.35X0.01493.6715煙氣黑度a/1-e-kpS=1-e-3.67X0.098X0.770.2416屏區(qū)穿透角系數(shù)pq結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.13717屏出口面積Fm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書54.8918修正系數(shù)/鍋爐原理P2140.519爐膛向屏區(qū)的輻射熱QchkJ/kg爐膛計(jì)算結(jié)果858.420爐膛向屏后的輻射熱Qfph

15、kJ/kgQch(1-a)pq=858.4X(1-0.24)X0.13789.3821屏區(qū)吸收的爐膛輻射熱量QfpqkJ/kgQch-Qfph=858.4-89.38769.0222屏區(qū)出口截面積H”pqm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書50.623屏間煙氣向后輻射熱量QhypqkJ/kg3600X5.67X10-iiaH(兔.+273)疋/B.pqPj3j=3600X5.67X10-11X0.24X50.6X(1039.2+273)4X0.5/(23.87X103)153.9424屏間煙氣在屏區(qū)對流放熱量QdypqkJ/kg(Ip-Ip)-Qhpq=0.995X(15000.5-12811.6)-153.94=

16、2178-153.942024.125屏區(qū)附加受熱面吸熱量QfypqkJ/kg假定Qdpd=121kJ/kg,Qdpc=260.5kJ/kg,Qfpq=Qpd+Qpc=121+260.5381.526屏本身對流吸熱QdypkJ/kgQd-Qf=2024.1-381.5ypqypq1642.627屏頂輻受熱面積Hdpdm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書23.928屏側(cè)受熱面積Hpcm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書52.529屏本身受熱面積Hpm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書352.830屏頂吸收的爐膛輻射熱QfpdkJ/kgQfH丿(Hd+H+H)=769.02X23.9/(23.9+52.5+352.8)pqpdpdpcp/42.8231屏側(cè)吸收的

17、爐膛輻射熱QfpckJ/kgQfH/(Hd+H+H)=769.02X52.5/(23.9+52.5+352.8)Pqpcpdpcp/、/94.0632屏本身吸收的爐膛輻射熱QfpkJ/kgQf-Qfd-Qf=769.02-43.01-94.48pqpdpc631.533屏本身吸收的總熱量QpkJ/kgQdp+Qfp=1642.6+631.52274.134蒸汽進(jìn)屏溫度tpC假定（調(diào)整結(jié)果）367.935蒸汽進(jìn)屏焓pkJ/kg水蒸氣表，按壓力108X0.098MPa=10.584MPa,(360C)2939.9,(380C)3012.82968.536蒸汽出屏焓ipkJ/kgip+QpBj/(D

18、-Djw2)=2968.5+2274.1X23.87X103/(220000-200)3215.537蒸汽出屏溫度tpC水蒸氣表，按壓力105X0.098MPa=10.29MPa,(420C)3148.5,(440C)3206.1,(460C)3261.4443.438屏內(nèi)蒸汽平均溫度tPJC(tp+tp)/2=(367.9.3+443.4)/2405.739屏內(nèi)蒸汽平均比容vm3/kg水蒸氣表，按壓力106.5X0.098MPa=10.437MPa,(400C)0.02519,(420C)0.026540.0255740屏蒸汽流動截面積fpm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.096541屏內(nèi)蒸汽平均流速wm/

19、s-氣初)v/(3600fp)=(220000-200)X0.02557/(3600X0.0965)16.142管壁對蒸汽對放熱系數(shù)a2W/(m2C)鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P179，圖IX,dn=32mm,Cd=0.99,Cda0=0.99X2791.2鍋爐原理P202，圖10-92763.343煙氣平均流通截面積Fpm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書59.4544煙氣容積Vym3/kg煙氣特性表8.55945屏間煙氣流速wym/sBJVy(0PJ+273)/(273X3600Fp)=23.87X103X8.559X(1039.2+273)/(273X3600X59.45)4.5946煙氣側(cè)對流放熱系數(shù)adW/(m2C)鍋

20、爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P182-183，圖XI,管排數(shù)10,Cz=1；O=13.8,。2=1丄Cs=0.605；pj=1039.2C，血皿066,Ct=0.9；管徑d=42mm：a。CzCsCt=44.19X1X0.605X0.9鍋爐原理P198,圖10-624.0647灰污系數(shù)m2C/W鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P186，圖XIV,2線鍋爐原理P209，圖10-15,2線0.00748管壁灰污層溫度thbCtpJ+(+1/a2)BJQp/(3600Hp)=405.7+(0.007+1/2763.3)X23.87X103X2274.1X103/(3600X352.8)720.349輻射放熱系數(shù)afW/(m2C)鍋爐課程

21、設(shè)計(jì)P187,af=aa0=0.24X325.6鍋爐原理P207，圖10-1278.1550利用系數(shù)z/鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P186,圖XIV鍋爐原理P209，圖10-150.8651屏角系數(shù)xp/結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.9852縱向節(jié)距S2m結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書4653煙氣對管壁的放熱系數(shù)aiW/(m2C)Z(adnd/(2s2Xp)+af)=0.86X(24.06XnX42/(2X46X0.98)+78.15)97.554對流傳熱系數(shù)KW/(m2C)a1/1+(1+Qfp/Qdp)(+1/a2)a1=97.5/1+(1+634.94/1621.4)(0.007+1/2763.3)X97.548.7855傳熱溫差A(yù)tC

22、0P-t=1113.4-367.9=745.5,0P-t=965-443.4=521.6,(Op-t)/(0P-t)=745.5/521.6=1.43v1.7,(0P-f)+(0P-t)/2=(745.5+521.6)/2633.656屏對流傳熱量QchypkJ/kg3.6KAtHp/Bj=3.6X48.78X633.6X352.8/(23.87X103)1644.557誤差A(yù)Q%|(Qdp-Qchp)/Qdp|=|(1642.6-1644.5)/1642.6|0.1258允許誤差5%給定259屏側(cè)水冷壁水溫tbs水蒸氣表，按壓力112X0.098=10.976MPa，飽和溫度317.960平

23、均傳熱溫差A(yù)tpcC0.-.=1039.2-317.9pjb721.361屏側(cè)水冷壁對流吸熱量QchpckJ/kg3.6KAtH/B.=3.6X48.78X7215X525/(2387X103)pcpcj278.762誤差A(yù)Qpc%I(Qdpc-Qchpc)/Qdpc|=|(260.5-278.7)/260.5|6.9963允許誤差5%給定1064屏頂蒸汽進(jìn)口焓ipdkJ/kg爐頂出口2745.265屏頂蒸汽進(jìn)口溫度%C爐頂出口324.366屏頂蒸汽焓增%kJ/kgBj(Qpd+Qfpd)/(D-Djw1-Djw2)=23.87X(121+42.82)/(220-0.2-0.2)17.8167

24、屏頂蒸汽出口焓idPdkJ/kgiid+Ai=2745.2+17.8l2763.068屏頂蒸汽出口汽溫tpdC水蒸汽表，由112X0.098=10.976MPa,(320C)2720.4,(340C)2837.0插入327.369平均傳熱溫差A(yù)tpdCpj-(tpd+tpd)/2=1039.2-(324.3+327.3)/2713.470屏頂對流吸熱量Q%kJ/kg3.6KAtpdHpd/Bj=3.6X48.89X713.4X23.9/(23.87X103)125.771誤差A(yù)Qpd%1(Qpd-Q%)/Qpdl=l(121-125.7)/121|3.8872允許誤差5%給定109.凝渣管序號

25、項(xiàng)目名稱符號單位計(jì)算公式或數(shù)據(jù)來源結(jié)果1煙氣進(jìn)口溫度nzC屏計(jì)算結(jié)果9652煙氣進(jìn)口焓InzkJ/kg屏計(jì)算結(jié)果12811.63煙氣出口溫度0nzC假定954.54煙氣出口焓InzkJ/kg煙氣焓溫表12657.55煙氣平均溫度0.pjC(0nz+0nz)/2=(965+954.5)/2959.86煙氣放熱量QdnzkJ/kg(Inz-Inz)=0.995X(12811.6-12620.8)153.37水蒸汽容積份額rH2O/煙氣特性表0.0668三原子氣體容積份額rn/煙氣特性表0.2139三原子氣體分壓力PnMPapr=0.098X0.213rn0.02110輻射層有效厚度Sm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書1

26、.5611三原子氣體輻射減弱系數(shù)ky1/(mMPa)(7.8+16r1乞T.)(7.8+16x0.066百0371232.8)J10-p-S11000丿J10X0.021x1.56(1000丿n8.4212灰粒子輻射減弱系數(shù)kh1/(mMPa)55900/JTd2=55900/(1232.82x132pjh87.9413飛灰濃度人kg/kg煙氣特性表0.014714煙氣輻射減弱系數(shù)k1/(mMPa)kyrn+khgh=8.42X0.213+87.94X0.01473.0915煙氣黑度a/1-e-kpS=1-e-3.09X0.098X1.560.37616管壁灰污層溫度thbC鍋爐原理P206,

27、tpj+At一5+80=317.9+80397.917輻射放熱系數(shù)OfW/(m2C)鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P187,af=aa0=0.376X194.8鍋爐原理P207，圖10-1273.2418煙氣平均流通截面積Fnzm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書41.719煙氣容積Vym3/kg煙氣特性表8.55920煙氣流速Wym/sBjVy(%j+273)/(273X3600Fnz)=23.87X103X8.559X(959.8+273)/(273X3600X41.7)6.1421煙氣側(cè)adW/(m2)鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P184,圖XII,管排數(shù)1,。=5.16,Cz=0.8；o24，Cs=0.7；0Pj=958.5C,21.57對

28、流放熱系數(shù)rH2o=0.066,Ct=0.92；管徑d=133mm,a0CzCsCt=41.87X0.8X0.7X0.92鍋爐原理P199，圖10-7按120mm,g2422利用系數(shù)g/鍋爐原理P195123煙氣側(cè)總放熱系數(shù)aiW/(m2)g(ad+af)=1X(73.24+21.57)94.8124熱有效系數(shù)屮/鍋爐原理P209，表10-40.625傳熱系數(shù)KW/(m2C)屮=0.6X94.8156.8926傳熱溫壓AtnzC0pj-tbh=959.8-317.9641.927傳熱面積Hnzm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書2828對流吸熱量QchnzkJ/kg3.6KAtnzHnz/Bj=3.6X56.89X

29、641.9X28/(23.87X103)154.229誤差A(yù)Q%I(Qdnz-Qchnz)/Qdnz|=|(153.3-154.2)/153.3|0.590.1230允許誤差5%給定531爐膛和屏區(qū)輻射出的熱量Qf，nzkJ/kg屏區(qū)結(jié)果Qfph+Qhpq=89.38+153.94243.3232凝渣管角系數(shù)Xnz/鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P174,圖I,a線5,1,。產(chǎn)5.16鍋爐原理P177,圖95，線50.2833凝渣管吸收附加輻射熱量Qfj，yJnzkJ/kgxQf，=0.28X243.3268.1334穿過凝渣管的輻射熱QfjynzkJ/kg(1-xnz)Qfnz=(1-0.28)X243.32

30、175.210.高溫過熱器熱段序號項(xiàng)目名稱符號單位計(jì)算公式或數(shù)據(jù)來源結(jié)果1煙氣進(jìn)口溫度grC凝渣管計(jì)算結(jié)果954.52煙氣進(jìn)口焓rgrkJ/kg凝渣管計(jì)算結(jié)果12657.53煙氣出口溫度vgrC假定8004煙氣出口焓pgrkJ/kg煙氣焓溫表106455煙氣平均溫度鮎C(gr+gr)/2=(954.5+800)/2877.36煙氣放熱量QdgrkJ/kg丄(Tgr-Igr+Aa、)=丄X0.995X(12657.5-10645+0.03X265)221010.27熱段接收爐膛屏區(qū)輻射熱Qf丫grkJ/kg凝渣管結(jié)果Qfjnz/2=175.2/287.68高溫過熱器熱段總吸熱量QygrkJ/kg

31、Qd+Qf=1010.2+87.6ygrygr1097.89水蒸汽容積份額rH2O/煙氣特性表0.06510三原子氣體和水蒸氣容積份額rn/煙氣特性表0.21111三原子氣體分壓力PnMPaprn=0098X0.2110.02112輻射層有效厚度Sm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.18613三原子氣體輻射減弱系數(shù)kyl/(mMPa)(7.8+16r丄“T(7.8+16x0.065,門巾1150.3),h201丿10.37-j(110.37x(10-p-SI1000丿V10 x0.021x0.186I1000丿n25.6914灰粒子輻射減弱系數(shù)kh1/(mMPa)55900/JTd2=55900/1150.32x

32、132pjh92.1015飛灰濃度人kg/kg煙氣特性表0.014716煙氣輻射減弱系數(shù)k1/(mMPa)kyrn+khgh=25.69X0.211+92.10X0.01476.7717煙氣黑度a/1-e-kpS=1-e-6.77X0.098X0.1860.11618煙氣平均流通截面積Fgm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書25.1619煙氣容積Vym3/kg煙氣特性表8.66220煙氣流速wym/sBjVy3pj+273)/(273X3600F)=23.87X103X8.662X(877.3+273)/(273X3600X25.16)9.621煙氣側(cè)對流放熱系數(shù)adW/(m2C)鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P182-183,圖X

33、I,管排數(shù)12,Cz=1；O=2.26,。2=26,Cs=1;0P.=877.3C,rH2O=0.065,Ct=0.92；管徑d=42mm,a0CCCt=70.94X1X1X0.92PjH2Ot0zst鍋爐原理P198,圖10-665.2722灰污系數(shù)m2C/W鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P186鍋爐原理P2060.004323蒸汽出口溫度tgrC鍋爐給定參數(shù)54024蒸汽出口焓igrkJ/kg水蒸汽表101X0.98=9.898MPa,540C3475.125蒸汽進(jìn)口焓igrkJ/kgi-QB./D=3475.1-1097.8X23.87X103/220000grgrj3355.9926蒸汽進(jìn)口溫度tgrC

34、水蒸汽表，按壓力103X0.098MPa=10.094MPa,(480C)3318.59,(500C)3370.87494.327蒸汽平均溫度tPJC(tgr+”2=(494.3+540)/2517.228蒸汽平均比容vm3/kg水蒸汽表，按壓力102X0.098MPa=9.996MPa,(500C)0.03283,(520C)0.033990.0338329蒸汽流動截面積fgrm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.091730蒸汽平均流速wm/sDv/(3600fgr)=220000X0.03383/(3600X0.0917)22.531管壁對蒸汽對流放熱系數(shù)a2W/(m2C)鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P179，圖IX,dn

35、=32mm,Cd=0.99,Cda0=0.99X2558.6鍋爐原理P202，圖10-92533.032熱段受熱面積Hgrm2結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書337.533管壁灰污層溫度thbCtpj+(+1/a2)BjQgr/(3600Hgr)=517.2+(0.0043+1/2533)X23.87X103X1097.8X103/(3600X337.5)KJSS鍋爐原理P206618.534輻射放熱系數(shù)afW/(m2C)鍋爐課程設(shè)計(jì)P187,0Pj=877.3C,af=aa0=0.116X226.8鍋爐原理P207，圖10-1226.335受熱面前煙室深度lysmm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書47036受熱面深度lmm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書9

36、5037受熱面前煙溫TysK0+273=945.5+273nz1218.538修正后的輻射放熱系數(shù)叫af1+0.4(Tys/1000)o.25(lys/l)o.O7=26.3X1+0.4X(1218.5/1000)0.25(470/950)0.07鍋爐原理P20736.8239利用系數(shù)z/鍋爐原理P210140煙氣對管壁的放熱系數(shù)a1W/(m2C)Z(ad+af)=1X(65.27+36.82)鍋爐原理P195102.0941熱有效系數(shù)屮/鍋爐原理P2090.642對流傳熱系數(shù)KW/(m2C)屮/(l/a+l/a2)=0.6/(l/102.09+l/2553)鍋爐原理P19355.9043傳熱

37、溫差A(yù)tCO-t=954.5-494.3=460.2,0-t=800-540=260,(O-t，)/(0-t)=460.2/260=1.771.7,grgr、gr/、gr/(Ogr-t)-(Ogr-t)/ln(Ogr-t)/(0gr-t)=(460.2-260)/ln(460.2/260)350.644對流傳熱量QchygrkJ/kggrgrgrgr3.6KAtHgr/B.=3.6X55.9X350.6X337.5/(23.87X103)997.545誤差A(yù)Q%|(Qdgr-Qchgr)/Qdgr|=|(1010.2-997.5)/1010.2|1.2646允許誤差5%給定211.高溫過熱器冷

38、段序號項(xiàng)目名稱符號單位計(jì)算公式或數(shù)據(jù)來源結(jié)果1煙氣進(jìn)口溫度OgiC凝渣管計(jì)算結(jié)果954.52煙氣進(jìn)口焓kJ/kg凝渣管計(jì)算結(jié)果12657.53煙氣出口溫度0giC假定7704煙氣出口焓犒kJ/kg煙氣焓溫表10209.45煙氣平均溫度0PjC(0gl+0gl)/2=(954.5+770)/2862.26煙氣放熱量QdgikJ/kg丄(Igl-Igl+AaIlk)=丄X0.995X(12657.5-10209.4+0.03X265)221221.97冷段接收爐膛屏區(qū)輻射熱QfgikJ/kg凝渣管結(jié)果Qfjnz/2=175.2/287.68高溫過熱器冷段總吸熱QgiQdgl+Qfgl=1221.9

39、+87.61309.59水蒸汽容積份額rH2O/煙氣特性表0.06510三原子氣體和水蒸氣容積份額rn/煙氣特性表0.21111三原子氣體分壓力PnMPapr=0.098X0.211rn0.02112輻射層有效厚度Sm結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算書0.18613三原子氣體輻射減弱系數(shù)ky1/(mMPa)(7.8+16r1(7.8+16x0.065.匚0371132.2)V1hao一1彳1一0.37j1一1/1一0.37xJ10-p-S1000丿,10X0.021x0.186(1000丿n25.9414灰粒子輻射減弱系數(shù)kh1/(mMPa)55900/Jtd2=55900/1132.22x132pph92.9115飛灰濃度人kg/kg煙氣特性表0.014716煙氣輻射減弱系數(shù)k1/(mMPa)kyrn