1、5/5英語高二譯林牛津8unit1教學(xué)設(shè)計（grammar）（剖析）課題名稱M8U1課型Grammar課時4【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】EnabletheSstograspthenegativestatements【學(xué)習(xí)重點】Thefunctionandformationofthenegativestatements【學(xué)習(xí)難點】Thefunctionandformationofthenegativestatements【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】【知識鏈接】【導(dǎo)學(xué)過程】學(xué)習(xí)方式，學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，學(xué)習(xí)程序，問題學(xué)留白導(dǎo)英語中的否認(rèn)否認(rèn)的種類：否認(rèn)句是英語中的常用差不多句型之一,它用來表示對所表達情況的否認(rèn).英語的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)形式多種多樣

2、,無論在思路上,依舊在表達方式上,都與漢語有好多差異.假如只按字面意思翻譯,有時會造成誤解.因此,在做英譯漢和漢譯英練習(xí)時,必然要認(rèn)真領(lǐng)悟其中的含義不要望文生義,以防墜入那個可怕的迷宮.按意義分,英語中的否認(rèn)多種多樣.有所有否認(rèn)、部分否認(rèn)、多重否認(rèn)(雙重否認(rèn)).一、所有否認(rèn),no,not,never,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neither.nor,完好否認(rèn),在漢語中表達為“絕對不”,“沒有”,“遠不(非)然不”,“無論如何也沒有”等.結(jié)構(gòu)均表示強烈意味的”,“一點也不”,“全1.Idonotthinkso.2.Ihaveneverseenthefilm.Chin

3、aisnotadevelopedcountry.中國不是一個發(fā)達國家。二、部分否認(rèn)英語中一些含有總括含義的代詞、形容詞或副詞不是完好,當(dāng)用于否認(rèn)句中時否認(rèn),只否認(rèn)一部分.,而如all,everybody(everyone),everything,anyone(anybody),anything,anywhere,everywhere,always,quite,both,entirely,altogether等詞與not連用時,在漢語中譯為“不全是”,“不基本上”,“其實不是全基本上”,“不總是”等,而不是依照字面理解為“所有都不是”.Allthatglittersisnotgold.閃閃發(fā)光的

4、東西不用然基本上金子.Allofusdontwanttogo.其實不是大伙都不想去”，?！癗oneofuswantstogo”才是“大伙都不想去”因此“Allnot”應(yīng)講解為“所有其實不都”或“其實不是所有都”比方：。Allknowledgeandtechniquesofmodernmedicinecannotbringhimbacktolife.即使現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的所有知識與技術(shù)也不能夠使他起死回生。注：在此解作“即使所有的也不”近似“Allnot”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有“Bothnot”,“Everynot”,如：Everyinstrumenthereisnotgood.那個地方的儀器其實不都特別好。Bot

5、harenotcorrect.(或Notbotharecorrect.)其實不是兩個都對。只有一個對。比較：Neitheriscorrect.兩個都不對。Suchathingcantbefoundeverywhere.這種事其實不是各處可見。比較：Suchathingcanbefoundnowhere.(或cantbefoundanywhere.)這種事什么地方也見不到?！救侩p重否認(rèn)句中兩個否認(rèn)成分相互抵消，平時最后表達確信的意思。常有的有以下幾種:由not加上含有否認(rèn)意思的詞或句子構(gòu)成。比方：Wewerenotunpreparedforthedisappointment.我們對無望也不是沒

6、有思想預(yù)備。Thisisnotuncommon.這種現(xiàn)象不是不常有的。Thisisquitecommon.這種現(xiàn)象特別常有。Itsnotunfairtopraisehim.(Itsfairtopraisehim.)不夸耀他是不公正的(夸耀他是公正的Theyoungmustntbesounreasonabletotheold.年青人不應(yīng)該對老年人這樣無禮。=Theyoungmustbereasonabletotheold.否認(rèn)詞加上without短語。比方：Hewouldntattendthelecturewithoutbeinginvited.假如不邀請他的話，他是可不能夠參加那個講座的。否認(rèn)

7、詞后跟關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的含否認(rèn)意義的從句。比方：Thereisnobodywhotakesnocareoffootballmatchesinthiscity.在這座城市，人人都關(guān)懷足球競賽。4.否認(rèn)詞no,not,never,seldom等后邊跟until/till或unless引導(dǎo)的狀語。比方：Shedidntarriveuntil6oclock.她六點才到。四：英語否認(rèn)形式英語中否認(rèn)含義的表達形式多種多樣，nowhere等否認(rèn)詞來表達否認(rèn)之意.能夠用not，no，never，none，nobody，nothing，IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.

8、1）能夠用hardly，scarcely，seldom，little我永久忘不了我入團的那一天。，few等半否認(rèn)詞來表達否認(rèn)之意.Wecouldhardly(scarcely)understandhisEnglish.我們幾乎聽不懂他的英語。能夠用含否認(rèn)意義的前綴a，ab，an，de，dis，il，im，in，ir，non，un，under等構(gòu)成的詞表達否認(rèn)之意；也能夠用后綴-less，free，proof等構(gòu)成的詞表達否認(rèn)之意。dis-否認(rèn)、相對、相反like(v.喜愛)dislike(v.不喜愛)appear(v.出現(xiàn))disappear(v.消逝)honest(advantage(adj

9、.n老實)dishonest(adj.不老實.有利條件;優(yōu)點)disadvantage()n.不利條件;缺點)in-不directindirect不斬釘截鐵的correctincorrect不正確的im-不possibleimpossible不能夠能的politeimpolite不禮貌的un-不ableunable無能力的usualfortunatelyunfortunatelyil-,ir-不；可是unusual不平時的healthyunhealthy不健康的不幸地necessaryunnecessary不用要的regularirregular不規(guī)那么的legalillegal不合法的log

10、icalillogical不合邏輯的ab-走開；失態(tài)absent，abusenormal-abnormal不正常的non-不；非；無nonsmoker不抽煙的nohuman非人類的后綴-lesscare認(rèn)真careless不認(rèn)真的hope希望hopeless無望的home家homeless無家可歸的job工作jobless無業(yè)的wire導(dǎo)線wireless無線的4.有時也能夠用一些帶有否認(rèn)意義的短語來表達否認(rèn)。常有的有：farfrom,unless,freefrom,wouldratherthan等：Unlessyoureadthenovelyourself,youllneverknowwha

11、thappensattheend.除非你親自讀小說，否那么你可不能夠理解結(jié)局怎么樣。牢固練習(xí)1.Hedidntarrive_thegamehadbegun.A)untilB)afterC)whenD)before2.Allknowledgeis_,andwhenitfailstoleadthestudentsintothecorrectpath,itiseitherinitselfbad,orithasbeenveryimperfectlyacquired.A)badB)notwellC)worseD)notgood3.Weshould_lookdownuponthepeoplewhoarei

12、nferiortous.A)bynomeansB)byanymeansC)atallD)inanyway4.Itwontbelong_imperialismcomestoitsend.A)whenB)afterC)untilD)before5.Shecan_beheldresponsiblefortheterribleaccident.A)inanywayB)inawayC)innowayD)intheway6.MissKellerwassointelligentthatIcouldnot_.A)butadmireherB)admireherC)admiringherD)toadmireher

13、7.Theministryhadnochoice_ourrates.A)exceptraisingB)butraiseC)buttoraiseD)withoutraising8.Nohumanbeingscouldpossiblycopydownallthesefacts,_rememberandorganizethem.A)muchmoreB)muchlessC)stillmoreD)morethan9.Thestudentscannotbe_carefulinperformingtheexperimentasitissuchacriticallinkinthewholeproject.A)

14、veryB)tooC)quiteD)so10._tofinishquickly.A)NoeverystudentwantsB)NoeverystudentwantC)NoteverystudentwantsD)Noteverystudentwant11.Itsnearlyimpossibletogothroughamajorcity_apersonwhoisorappearstobehomeless.A)nottohaveseenB)nottoseeC)withoutseeingD)withoutbeingseen12.Theexperimentis_;itwasagreatsuccess.A

15、)farfrombeingafailureB)farawayfromafailureC)morethanafailureD)nothingbutafailure13Youcantbe_carefulwhendrivingonthehighway.A)veryB)quiteC)soD)too14.TheoldladywhomJackquarreledwithyesterdayis_Mary.A)nototherthanB)noneotherthanC)nobodyotherthanD)nooneotherthan15.Wecouldnteatinarestaurantbecause_ofusha

16、d_moneyonus.A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyD.noone;any16.(經(jīng)典回放)Bothteamswereinhardtraining;_waswillingtolosethegame.A.eitherB.neitherC.anotherD.theother17.CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?Imafraid_dayispossible.D.any18.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdonA.everythingB.anythingtagreewith_.C.somethingD.nothing19

17、.Heseldomhaslunchatschool,_?A.hasntheB.hasheC.doesntheD.doeshe20.經(jīng)典回放Iwontletyouin_youshowmethewrittenpermissionofthecommander.A.apartfrom21.經(jīng)典回放A.admit22.經(jīng)典回放A.exceptB.unlessC.exceptD.butSandycoulddonothingbut_tohisteacherthathewaswrong.B.admittedC.admittingD.toadmitIknownothingabouttheyounglady_sheisfromBeijing.B.exceptforC.exceptthatD.besidesADADCACBBCCADB15提示：由句意：“我們身上都沒帶錢”，知句子應(yīng)用完好否認(rèn)，消除A、B兩項。又noone不能夠與of連用，因此選C項。答案：C16提示：句意：“兩隊都在刻苦訓(xùn)練，誰也不愿輸?shù)舾傎悺！薄皟烧叨疾弧睉?yīng)用neither。答案：B17提示：句意：“你星期一依舊星期二來？可能哪天也不能夠?！币勒誌mafraid，因為原句給出的選擇是兩者，因此“兩者都不”使用表否認(rèn)的詞，用答案：B18提示：句意：“我贊成你