1、直接引語變成間接引語方法:一、怎樣變?nèi)朔Q;下邊有一句順口溜“一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。接引語時，假如從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。主語的人稱變化如:“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間從句中的人稱要依據(jù)主句中Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogowithme.Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。假如引號外的主句沒有賓語。也能夠用第一人稱，如:HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?He

2、askedKatehowhersisterwasthen?！暗谌朔Q不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。假如從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如:MrSmithsaid。Jackisagoodworker。MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker。二、怎樣變時態(tài):直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態(tài)需要做相應的調(diào)整。此刻時它需改為過去時態(tài);過去時態(tài)改為達成時;過去達成時則保存本來的時態(tài)。如:1)Shesaid.Ihavelostapen.Shesaidshehadlostapen2)Shesaid.Wehopeso.Shesaidtheyhope

3、dso.Shesaid.Hewillgotoseehisfriend。Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。但要注意在以下幾種狀況下。在直接引語變成間接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。直接引語是客觀真諦。Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。直接引語是過去進行時，時態(tài)不變。如:Jacksaid.John,wherewereyougoi

4、ngwhenImetyouinthestreet?JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。直接引語中有詳細的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變成間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如:XiaoWangsaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980。XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。直接引語假如是一般此刻時。表示一種頻頻出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如:Hesaid,Igetupatsixeverymorning。Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。假如直接引語中的

5、神態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式(例:oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時，(例:could,should,would,might)不再變。如:Petersaid.Youhadbettercomehavetoday。PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。三、怎樣變狀語:直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)津，時間狀語由“此刻”改為“本來”(例:now變成then,yesterday。變成thedaybefore)地址狀語，特別表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼”(例:this改為that),如:Hesaid,The

6、sebooksaremine.Hesaidthosebookswerehis.四、怎樣變句型:直接引語假如是陳說句，間接引語應改為由that指引的賓語從句。如:Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引語假如是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引的從句.如:Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.Youhavefinishedthehomework,haventyou?mym

7、otherasked.MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引假如是特別句，接引改由疑代或疑副引的從句從句必用述句序)。(Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直接引假如是祈使句，接引改tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.句型。如:Dontmakeanynoise,she

8、saidtothechildren.Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.Bringmeacupoftea,please,saidshe.Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.直接引假如是以“Lets”開的祈使句，接引，往常用“suggest+句(或從句)?！比?Hesaid,Letsgotothefilm.Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.引述人的有兩種方式:一是使用引號引出人家的原，叫做直接引把人家的述出來，叫做接引

9、。比如:;一是用自己的Johnsaid,ImgoingtoLondonwithmyfather.翰:我要和父到敦去。(引號內(nèi)是直接引)JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.翰，他要和他父去敦。(從句是接引由直接引接引，分以下狀況:)1.直接引是述句接引that引的從句(口中that能夠省略)，主句的引述主要有say,tell,repeat,explain,think等。Hesaid,YouareyoungerthanI.-Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.2.直接引是疑句接引述序:主句的say改ask,或改wonde

10、r,donotknow,wanttoknow,benotsure,bepuzzled等。(1)一般疑句或反意疑句if(whether)引的從句。Sheaskedmeif(或whether)Ioftenwenttheretoreadnewspapers.Sheaskedmewhether(或if)Ihadseenthefilm.疑句whether.or從句。Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.(3)特別疑句由本來的疑引的從句。Heasked,Wheredoyoulive?HeaskedmewhereIlived.3.直接引是

11、祈使句接引不定式，作ask,tell,beg,order,warn,advise等的足(dontnot).Theteachersaidtotheboy,Openthewindow.Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.Hisfathersaidtohim,Dontleavethedooropen.Hisfathertoldhimnottoleavethedooropen.注意(1)有些表示建議、建議、勸說或要求的祈使句，能夠用suggest,insist等動詞加以轉述。比如:Hesaid,Letsgotothetheatre.Hesuggested(our)g

12、oingtothetheatre.或Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothetheatre.(2)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?heasked.Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.Whydontyoutakeawalkaftersupper?heasked.headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper.Shallwelistentothemusic?heasked.Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic.4.直接引語是嘆息句時間接引語為what或how指引，也能夠用that指引。She

13、said,Whatalovelydayitis!Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.5.假如主句謂語動詞為各樣此刻時或一般未來時，則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語本來時態(tài)。假如主句謂語動詞為過去時，間接引語中的動詞時態(tài)按以下變化:(1)一般此刻時變成一般過去時(2)此刻進行時變成過去進行時(3)一般未來時變成過去未來時(4)此刻達成時變成過去達成時(5)一般過去時變成過去達成時(6)過去達成時不變，仍為過去達成時注意(1)假如直接引語是表示客觀真諦時，變成間接引語，一般此刻時不改為一般過去時。如:Theteachersa

14、idTheearthgoesroundthesun.Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.假如直接引語中有明確表示過時間的狀語，變成間接引語時，一般過去時不改為過去達成時。如:Hesaidtome,Iwasbornin1973.Hetoldmethathewasbornin1973.(3)假如直接引語所述事實在當時和當前相同奏效，變成間接賓語時，一般此刻時不改為一般過去時。如:Hesaid,Imaboy,notagirl.Hesaidthatheisaboy,notagirl.(4)假如直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種頻頻出現(xiàn)或習慣動作，在變成間接引時

15、，一般此刻時不改為一般過去時。如:Thegirlsaid,Igetupatsixeverymorning.Thegirlsaidthatshegetsupatsixeverymorning.(5)假如直接引語中含有since,when,while指引的表示過去時間的狀語從句，在變成間接引語時，只改變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時則不變。如:Hesaidtome,IhavetaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.HetoldmethathehadtaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.(6)假如直接引語中含有神態(tài)動詞must,need,hadbetter以

16、及神態(tài)動詞的過去式should,would,在變成間接引語時，這些神態(tài)動詞沒有時態(tài)的改變。比如:Theteachersaidtome.Youmustpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.could,might,TheteachertoldmethatImust(haveto)paymoreattentiontomypronunciation.Hesaidthathecouldswimwhenhewasonlysix.6.代詞等一般地應作用相應的變化。指示代詞this-thatthese-those表示時間的詞now-thentoday-thatdaythisw

17、eek(month,etc)-thatweek(month,etc)yesterday-thedaybeforelastweek(month)-theweek(month)beforethreedays(ayear)ago-threedays(ayear)beforetomorrow-thenext(following)daynextweek(month)-thenext(following)week(month)表地址的詞here-there動詞bring-takecome-go同音詞弱-week周weather_whether不-konw知道鹿-dear親愛的聽-here這兒為了-four四會見-meat肉寫-right對的高的-hi你好海洋-see看見太陽-son兒子我-eye眼睛那邊-their他們的二-too太小時-our外面的經(jīng)過-buy買知道-new新的穿-where哪兒