住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-東北師范大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Operationswhichleftpatients（

）andinneedoflongperiodsofdiscoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.

問題1選項

A.exhausted

B.unhealthy

C.upset

D.fearful

【答案】A

【解析】句意:以前，病人手術后精疲力竭，需長時間才能恢復，現(xiàn)在的手術卻讓他們感到輕松和舒適。

形容詞辨析。Exhausted精疲力竭的;unhealthy不健康的;upset苦惱的;fearful擔心的，可怕的。因此A符合句意。

2.單選題

Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan（

）.

問題1選項

A.havebeenputin

B.hasbeenputin

C.beingputin

D.tobeputin

【答案】B

【解析】句意:該研究需要的經(jīng)費比己經(jīng)投入的經(jīng)費要多。

語法題?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。由句中關鍵詞“requires”為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)知“錢的被投入屬于己經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作”，再由“money錢”表示單數(shù)知B項“hasbeenputin（這里has前面省略了關系代詞that）”正確。

3.單選題

Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe（

）impossibletocomprehend.

問題1選項

A.hadfound

B.finds

C.hasfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這位學生稱自己覺得這篇文章中有幾點難以理解。

語法題?？疾檫^去完成吋態(tài)。句中“said”表示一般過去時,句中后面的動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，故使用過去完成時態(tài)的A項“hadfound”正確。

4.單選題

I’djustassoon（

）rudelytoher.

問題1選項

A.thatyouwon’tspeak

B.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeak

D.youdidn’tspeak

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我倒寧愿你沒有粗魯?shù)貙λf話。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。由句中關鍵詞“justassoon倒寧愿”的對應知這里應該用一般過去時來表示與現(xiàn)在事實（即你粗魯?shù)貙λf話）相反的虛擬語氣，故D項“youdidn’tspeak”正確。

5.單選題

（

）thepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.

問題1選項

A.Unpopularhasaswhitebeen

B.Whitehasbeenasunpopular

C.Unpopularhasbeenaswhite

D.Unpopularaswhitehasbeen

【答案】D

【解析】句意:盡管在過去白色不受歡迎，但是現(xiàn)在它是人們最喜歡的婚紗顏色。

語法題?？疾樽尣綘钫Z從句。題干后半部分已經(jīng)是一個完整句子,所以前半部分是由as引導的讓步狀語從句。as引導的讓步狀語從句必須用倒裝結構，即將句中做表語的形容詞提前,故選D。

6.單選題

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul---thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking，sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking'sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses:tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountis“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject.Thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographersalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause

（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson（

）.

問題1選項

A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

問題2選項

A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’lives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.biographiescanseverdifferentpurposes

問題3選項

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject

C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.

D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.

問題4選項

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelife

C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntotheoutsiders

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter

問題5選項

A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。文章首句指出:Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject(傳記作家必須與主人公保持適當距離，并要時常調(diào)整與主人公之間的距離).故選A“既要比較了解，又要保持一定距離”。

2.判斷推理題。題干關鍵詞ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBible前面所在句為:Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive(當主人公是英雄或著名人物吋，傳記作者常常會流露出民主的動機)以及Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus(其它一些傳記則有意要改變我們)。可知選擇D“傳記可以有不同的目的”。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知傳記作家和主人公的關系太近太遠都不好;第二段第一句指出:Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask(要完成這一任務，沒有最佳位罝);最后一段最后一句:Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife(我們直覺地意識到?jīng)]有人能夠講述完整的人生故事)。故選C“沒人能寫出完美傳記”。

4.細節(jié)事實題。最后一段指出:the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress(未經(jīng)授權的傳記通常意味著讀者有可能從中讀到主人公不希望公之于眾的刺激的八卦消息),因此選B“包含有關主人公私生活的有趣的信息”。

5.主旨大意題。文章指出:傳記作家在與主人公關系太近太遠都不好。無論傳記作者如何描述，都不能完完全全展示人物的真實生活。因此選A“傳記作者很難選準最佳角度去寫作”。

7.單選題

Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople’sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeoplehavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior,whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodemword,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionset,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemsofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys"ofmuchoftheself'sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohler,inreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat“peoplewereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology”.

Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves;butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings,fromEcclesiastestoFreud.Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically;whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterary,documentationbutmeagerscientifictreatment,isingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingclaimssupportstheauthor’sstatementthat“Psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences，’？

3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe

（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatattemptstotreathumanrelationsscientificallyhavethusfarbeenrelatively

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumanrelationsis（

）.

問題1選項

A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophy

B.earlyscientistsweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworld

C.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatetheobvious.

D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations

問題2選項

A.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious.

B.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive.

C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesinrelativelyadvanced.

D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch.

問題3選項

A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactors

B.improvedbyspecializedtraining

C.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceived

D.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations

問題4選項

A.unilluminating

B.paradoxical

C.pessimistic

D.encouraging

問題5選項

A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensociety

B.biasedinsofarasitisbasedonmythsandfolktales

C.typicallyunrelatedonanindividual’sinteractionswithotherpeople

D.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。最后一段指出:Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop(矛盾的是，人類擁有如此本能來經(jīng)營人際關系，而有關人際關系處理的技巧卻在最后才得到發(fā)展)。接著后面指出:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人們?yōu)楹我獮橐粋€明白的事實去系統(tǒng)進行觀測，再建立起一套理論呢？)。故選C。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第一段開頭主要介紹了心理學能在眾科學中占有獨特位罝的原因:Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences(雖然人際關系的全部意義并非一目了然，但是要是能一眼瞥去就能明白那些復雜感情和動作的意思，自然妙不可言。這也是心理學能在眾科學中占有獨特位置的原因)。因此B正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞understandingoftheself定位至第一段:Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunfonnulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived...(換句話說，人們對于自身和他人其實有一個很深刻和全面的了解，即使只是在模糊的意識層面……)。因此選C“雖然只是在模糊的意識層面，但是是深刻的”。

4.判斷推理題。最后一段:whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?(人們?yōu)楹我獮橐粋€明白的事實去系統(tǒng)進行觀測，再建立起一套理論呢？),因此推斷A項“無啟發(fā)性的”正確。

5.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore(反過來講，假設我們將全部的心理學科學知識移除我們的世界，可能人際關系上的問題依然能夠很順利地得到解決)。因此可知,人們對于人際關系的常識最夠可以解決人際交往中的問題,故選D。

8.單選題

Itwasshamefulthattheargument（

）ahandfight..

問題1選項

A.endedin

B.cameto

C.endedup

D.culminatedin

【答案】D

【解析】句意:爭論以大打出手而告終真是可恥。

短語辨析。endin以…告終;cometo蘇醒，發(fā)生;endup最后成了……;culminatein以……告終,但強調(diào)以高潮結朿.由題干關鍵信息大打出手判斷D最符合。

9.翻譯題

Putthefollowing10sentencesintoChinese.

Thepurposebehindsuchattemptsistoinfluencepublicopinionandjustifytheaggressivewar.

Ibelieve,therearefewinEnglandwhoknowmeatallwhodonotknowmeasanIrishCatholic.

Booksarethebest,wellused;abused,amongtheworst.

Ifaspecificrelationshipseemstobetrueinanumberofcases,withoutanyexceptions,thenitmaybehypothesizedthattherelationshipholdsingeneral.

Largefieldsofthesamecropalsoresultinrapidmultiplicationofdestructiveinsects.

Marketresearchisastudyoftherequirementsofvariousmarkets,theacceptabilityofproducts,andthemethodsofdevelopingorexploitingnewmarkets.

Withmoreandmorewomenenteringtherankofmanagement,researchersbegintoexploretherelationshipbetweengenderandleadership.

Cultureisactivityofthought,andreceptivenesstobeautyandhumanefeeling.Scrapsofinformationhavenothingtodowithit.

ManyscientificinventionsorestablishmentsoriginatedfromEuropewerefirsttobeappliedorimplementedinUSA.

Itisunavoidablethatpeopleoftwogenerationsandeventhoseofthesameagedifferintheirvaluesandpursuits.

【答案】這種做法背后的目的就是為了影響公眾的想法以及證明這場侵略戰(zhàn)爭的合法性。

我相信，在英格蘭凡是認識我的人，幾乎都知道我是個愛爾蘭天主教徒。

如果利用得當，書籍就是最好的朋友；反之，如果濫用，它就會變成最壞的東西了。

如果某一特定的關系在很多情況下都正確，且無一例外，則可以假定，該關系可以成立。

大片相同的作物也會導致破壞性昆蟲的快速增殖。

市場研究是研究不同的市場的需求、產(chǎn)品的可接受性、發(fā)展或者開發(fā)新市場的方法。

隨著越來越多的女性進入管理層，研究人員開始探索性別和領導能力之間的關系。

文化素養(yǎng)是一種思想活動，具有對美和人情感悟能力。道聽途說的點滴知識與此完全是兩碼事。

許多起源于歐洲的科學發(fā)明或者機構首次在美國被應用或者實現(xiàn)。

兩代人甚至同齡人之間在價值觀和追求上的差異是不可避免的。

10.單選題

Themayorisawomanwithgreat（

）andthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

問題1選項

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這個市長是一位非常正直的女士，因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟上的支持。

形近詞辨析。Intention意圖，目的;instinct本能，直覺;integrity正直,誠實;intensity強烈，激情。根據(jù)句意判斷C正確。

11.單選題

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketopandemicflutoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillionsofyears—sowhyshouldn’twe?Takeabroaderlookatourspecies’placeintheuniverse,anditbecomesclearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears(see“100,000AD:Livinginthedeepfuture”).LookupHomosapiensintheIUCN’s“RedList”ofthreatenedspecies,andyouwillread:"ListedasLeast

Concernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.”

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinkingseriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundation,basedinSanFrancisco,hascreatedaforumwherethinkersandscientistsareinvitedtoprojecttheimplicationsoftheirideasoververylongtimescales.Itsflagshipprojectisamechanicalclock,burieddeepinsideamountaininTexas,thatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.

Thentherearescientistswhoaregivingseriousconsiderationtotheideathatweshouldrecognizeanewgeologicalera:theAnthropocene.They,too,arepullingthecamerarightbackandaskingwhathumanity’simpactwillbeontheplanet-inthecontextofstratigraphictime.

Perhapsperversely,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday’stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlinglycomplicated,andit’sperhapsbestlefttoscience-fictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemanypossibilitieswecanenvisage.That’sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicatedtothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatternsshapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituationsinwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy:whileourspeciesmayflourish,agreatmanyindividualsmaynot.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtomitigatemanyoftherisksthatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.Thinkingaboutourplaceindeeptimeisagoodwaytofocusonthechallengesthatconfrontustoday,andtomakeafutureworthlivingin.

1.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby（

）.

2.TheIUCN“RedList”suggeststhathumanbeingsare

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?

4.Toensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto

（

）.

5.AWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

問題1選項

A.ourdesireforfulfillment

B.ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

C.ourawarenessofpotentialrisks

D.ourbeliefinequalopportunity

問題2選項

A.asustainedspecies

B.theworld’sdominantpower

C.athreattotheenvironment

D.amisplacedrace

問題3選項

A.Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.

B.Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.

C.Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.

D.OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.

問題4選項

A.exploreourplanet'sabundantresources

B.adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld

C.drawonourexperiencefromthepast

D.curbourambitiontoreshapehistory

問題5選項

A.UncertaintyaboutOurFuture

B.EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies

C.TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind

D.Science,TechnologyandHumanity

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreatsfacingus,fromasteroidstriketopandemicflutoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedtoassumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto(隨著我們對自身所面臨的各種從小行星碰撞到流感、氣候變化的威脅已更深入地了解，如今烏托邦(即理想中最美好的社會)已變得過時。你甚至可能禁不住地去認為人類幾乎沒有未來可期待)。因此可推知B項“我們相信科學和技術”正確。

2.判斷推理題。第二段中:ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline(人類分布非常廣泛、適應性強、數(shù)量正在不斷增加且沒有任何大的威脅會導致人類總?cè)丝诘南陆?，所以人類被列為最不瀕危的物種),因此選A項“一種可持續(xù)的物種”。

3.細節(jié)事實題。第五段指出:Perhapsperversely,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediatefuture(或許反常的是相比考慮不久的將來，考慮如此長遠的未來可能更容易),因此選D項“我們不久的將來難以設想”。

4.細節(jié)事實題。倒數(shù)第二段指出:Assooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture...(如同經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的那樣，過去是掌握未來的關鍵……),因此選C項“利用我們來自過去的經(jīng)驗”。

5.主旨大意題。文章指出:你甚至可能禁不住地去認為人類幾乎沒有未來可期待。然而這樣的沮喪卻是一種錯誤判斷?；涗洷砻骱芏辔锓N已生存了數(shù)百萬年，因此為何我們?nèi)祟惒豢赡苌鏀?shù)百萬年呢？,因此C項“人類的前景總是光明”比較適合作文章標題。

12.單選題

ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam（

）hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.

問題1選項

A.willcontinue

B.continued

C.continue

D.continues

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管有著一些學習困難，但是威廉卻完全有必要繼續(xù)自己的學習。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。It’s+形容詞（essential,necessary,important等）+從句（謂語是shoulddo,其中should可以省略）。由句中關鍵詞“Itisabsolutelyessentialthat完全有必要”可知C項“continue”正確。

13.單選題

Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe（

）toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.

問題1選項

A.hadhad

B.has

C.had

D.wouldhave

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他本來會完成自己的大學教育，但是他卻不得不放棄，然后找一份工作來養(yǎng)家。

語法題考查一般過去吋態(tài)。由句中關鍵詞“wouldhavefinished本來會完成”表示對過去事情的假設,因此這里表示對過去情況的描述，故C項“had（其為動詞have的過去時態(tài)）”正確。

14.單選題

We’ll（

）youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

問題1選項

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】句意:居住期間對你房子所造成的任何損壞，我們都會賠償你。

動詞辨析。compensate賠償,補償;remedy改進,補救;supplement補充;retrieve取回，索回。故A符合句意。

15.單選題

Themanagerneedsanassistantthathecan（

）totakecareofproblemsinhisabsence.

問題1選項

A.counton

B.countin

C.countup

D.countout

【答案】A

【解析】句意:經(jīng)理需要一個靠得住的助手，以便當他不在吋，可以幫助處理問題。

短語辨析。counton依靠,依賴;countin把..算在內(nèi);countup加起來;countout點數(shù)。故選A。

16.單選題

Nomatterhowfrequently（

），theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.

問題1選項

A.performed

B.performing

C.tobeperformed

D.beingperformed

【答案】A

【解析】句意:不管貝多芬的作品演奏多頻繁，都能吸引大量的觀眾。

語法題?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)語態(tài)。perform與主語theworksofBeethoven在逆輯上是動賓關系，且“演奏”與句子謂語“吸引”沒有時間上的先后順序，用過去分詞作狀語。Nomatterhowfrequentlyperformed是省略了be動詞are。故選A。

17.單選題

Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybeadescriptive（

）,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfoursroaringandwagginghistail.

問題1選項

A.analogue

B.analogy

C.analytic

D.node

【答案】B

【解析】句意:將一個在戰(zhàn)爭中的戰(zhàn)士說成獅子一樣可能是一個不錯的比喻，但是這并不意味著他四肢著地搖著尾巴大聲咆哮著。

形近詞辨析。Analogue類似物，相似物;analogy比喻，相似;analytic分解的;anode陽極。題目中的Tosaythatasoldierfoughtinbattlelikelion這個部分是將戰(zhàn)士比喻成獅子。故選B。

18.單選題

Thepublicisvery（

）aboutthegovernment’splansforataxcut.

問題1選項

A.susceptible

B.dubious

C.suspicious

D.deliberate

【答案】B

【解析】意:公眾不太相信政府的減稅計劃。

形容詞辨析。Susceptible易受影響的;dubious可疑的，懷疑的,后接about;suspicious可疑的，多疑的,后接of;deliberate故意的。因此無論從句意還是從搭配上,B項正確。

19.單選題

Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingotherthancarbonchemistry,weknowofnoexamplestotellushowsuchlifemightariseandsurvive.Wemustlimitourdiscussiontolifeasweknowitandtheconditionsitrequires.Themostimportantrequirementisthepresenceofliquidwater,notonlyaspartofthechemicalreactionsoflife,butalsoasamediumtotransportnutrientsandwasteswithintheorganism.

Thewaterrequirementautomaticallyeliminatesmanyworldsinoursolarsystem.Themoonisairless,andalthoughsomedatasuggesticefrozeninthesoilatitspoles,ithasneverhadliquidwateronitssurface.Inthevacuumofthelunarsurface,liquidwaterwouldboilawayrapidly.Mercurytooisairlessandcannothavehadliquidwateronitssurfaceforlongperiodsoftime.Venushassometracesofwatervaporinitsatmosphere,butitismuchtoohotforliquidwatertosurvive.Iftherewereanylakesoroceansofwateronitssurfacewhenitwasyoung,theymusthaveevaporatedquickly.Eveniflifebeganthere,notraceswouldbeleftnow.

Theinnersolarsystemseemstoohot,andtheoutersolarsystemseemstoocold.TheJovianplanetshavedeepatmospheres,andatacertainlevel,theyhavemoderatetemperatureswherewatermightcondenseintoliquiddroplets.Butitseemsunlikelythatlifecouldbeginthere.TheJovianplanetshavenosurfaceswhereoceanscouldnurturethebeginningoflife,andcurrentsintheatmosphereseemdestinedtocirculategasandwaterdropletsfromregionsofmoderatetemperaturetootherlevelsthataremuchtoohotortoocoldforlifetosurvive.

AfewofthesatellitesoftheJovianplanetsmighthavesuitableconditionsforlife.Jupiter’smoonEuropaseemstohavealiquid-wateroceanbelowitsicycrust,andmineralsdissolvedinthatwaterwouldprovidearichbrothofpossibilitiesforchemicalevolution.Nevertheless,Europaisnotapromisingsitetosearchforlifebecauseconditionsmaynothaveremainedstableforthebillionsofyearsneededforlifetoevolvebeyondthemicroscopicstage.IfJupiter’smoonsinteractgravitationallyandmodifytheirorbits,Europamayhavebeenfrozensolidatsomepointsinhistory.

Saturn’smoonTitanhasanatmosphereofnitrogen,argonandmethaneandmayhaveoceansofliquidmethaneandethaneonitssurface.Thechemistryoflifethatmightcrawlorswimonsuchaworldisunknown,butlifetheremaybeunlikelybecauseofthetemperature.ThesurfaceofTitanisadeadly-179°C(-290°F).Chemica)reactionsoccurslowlyornotatallatsuchlowtemperatures,sothechemicalevolutionneededtobeginlifemayneverhaveoccurredonTitan.

Marsisthemostlikelyplaceforlifeinoursolarsystem.Theevidence,however,isnotencouraging.MeteoriteALH84001wasfoundontheAntarcticicein1984.ItwasprobablypartofdebrisejectedintospacebyalargeimpactonMars.ALH84001isimportantbecauseateamofscientistsstudieditandannouncedin1996thatitcontainedchemicalandphysicaltracesofancientlifeonMars.

Scientistswereexcitedtoo,butbeingprofessionallyskeptical,theybegantestingtheresultsimmediately.Inmanycases,theresultsdidnotconfirmtheconclusionthatlifeonceexistedonMars.SomechemicalcontaminationfromwateronEarthhasoccurred,andsomechemicalsinthemeteoritemayhaveoriginatedwithoutthepresenceoflife.Thephysicalfeaturesthatlooklikefossilbacteriamaybemineralformationsintherock.

SpacecraftnowvisitingMarsmayhelpusunderstandthepasthistoryofwaterthereandpaintamoredetailedpictureofpresentconditions.Nevertheless,conclusiveevidencemayhavetowaituntilageologistinaspacesuitcanwanderthedrystreambedsofMarscrackingopenrocksandsearchingforfossils.

Wearelefttoconcludethat,sofarasweknow,oursolarsystemisbareoflifeexceptforEarth.Consequently,oursearchforlifeintheuniversetakesustootherplanetarysystems.

1.Thewordautomaticallyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthewateronVenusistrue?

3.HowwillscientistsconfirmtheexistenceoflifeonMars?

4.Accordingtoparagraph5,whywouldlifeonTitanbeimprobable?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmostaccuratelyreflectstheauthor’sopinionaboutlifeinoursolarsystem?

問題1選項

A.partially

B.actually

C.occasionally

D.naturally

問題2選項

A.Thewaterevaporatedbecauseofthehightemperatures.

B.Thewaterbecamefrozeninthepolarregions.

C.Onlyalittlewaterisleftinsmalllakesonthesurface.

D.Raindoesnotfallbecausethereisnoatmosphere.

問題3選項

A.BysendingunmannedspacecrafttoMars.

B.BylookingatfossilsonMars.

C.ByviewingpicturestakenofMars.

D.BystudyingthepresentconditionsonMars.

問題4選項

A.Itdoesnothaveanocean

B.Itisnotaplanet.

C.Itistoocold

D.Ithasalowatmosphere.

問題5選項

A.Lifeisprobablylimitedtoplanetsintheinnersolarsystem.

B.ThereisalargebodyofevidencesupportinglifeonMars.

C.Thereislittleprobabilityoflifeonotherplanets

D.Weshouldexploreoursolarsystemforconditionsthatsupportlife.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題: