住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

I'mafraidI（

）forgotherbirthday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pure

B.right

C.sheer

D.clean

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)pure“純粹的”；B選項(xiàng)right“正確的”；C選項(xiàng)sheer“完全，徹底”；D選項(xiàng)clean“干凈的”。句意：我恐怕完全忘記她的生日了。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Themostsuccessfulwaytosolvethelanguageproblemwhileaforeignplayisbeingperformedis（

）translation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.homogeneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.spontaneous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)homogeneous“均勻的，同質(zhì)的”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneous“同時(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)instantaneous“瞬間的”；D選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的，無意識(shí)的”。句意：解決外交活動(dòng)中的語言問題最成功的方法是同聲傳譯。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.

ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.

MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisionstotheCouncilforTrade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights(the“CouncilforTRIPS”)

Criminallawisdistinctivefortheuniquelyseriouspotentialconsequencesoffailuretoabidebyitsrules.Everycrimeiscomposedofcriminalelements.Anelementofacrime(collectivelycalledelementsofcrime)isabasicsetofcommonlawprinciplesregardingcriminalliabilitythat,withfewexceptions,constitutetheessentialelementstoprovethatthedefendantcommittedacrimeunderUnitedStateslaw.Thejurymustbeconvincedbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthedefendantcommittedeachelementoftheparticularcrimechargedbeforedecidingonaguiltyverdict.Thecomponentpartsthatmakeupanyparticularcrimevarydependingonthecrime.Thebasiccomponentsarementalstate(Mensrea),conduct(Actusreus),concurrenceandcausation.However,thetwonecessaryelementsthatmustcoexistforacrimetoexististhatthedefendantmusthavecommittedanactandthatactmusthavebeencommittedintentionally.

【答案】各成員均必須實(shí)行本協(xié)定中的規(guī)定。各成員可以但并無義務(wù)，在其法律中實(shí)施比本協(xié)定要求更廣泛的保護(hù)，只要此種保護(hù)不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定。各成員有權(quán)在其各自的法律制度和實(shí)踐中確定實(shí)施本協(xié)定規(guī)定的適當(dāng)方法。

在本協(xié)定中，“知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)”一詞系指屬于本協(xié)定第二部分第1節(jié)至第7節(jié)中的所有類別的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)。

各成員應(yīng)根據(jù)本協(xié)定的規(guī)定給予其它成員以國(guó)民待遇。對(duì)于相應(yīng)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，其它成員的國(guó)民被認(rèn)為是符合《巴黎公約（1967）》、《伯爾尼公約（1971）》、《羅馬公約》和《關(guān)于集成電路的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)條約》中所規(guī)定的保護(hù)資格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自然人或法人，即WT0的所有成員似乎都已加入了這些公約。任一運(yùn)用了《羅馬公約》第五條第3款或第6條第2款規(guī)定的可能性的成員，均應(yīng)根據(jù)這些條款的預(yù)告，通知“與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)理事會(huì)（TRIPS理事會(huì)）”。

刑法因未能遵守其規(guī)定導(dǎo)致的無可匹敵的嚴(yán)重潛在后果而是與眾不同的。每項(xiàng)罪行由犯罪要素構(gòu)成。一項(xiàng)罪行的一個(gè)要素（共同地被稱為犯罪要素）是一套基本的關(guān)于刑事責(zé)任的普通法法則，而這些法則極少例外地構(gòu)成了證明被告在美國(guó)法律之下犯罪的基本要素。在確定一項(xiàng)有罪裁定之前，陪審團(tuán)必須無疑地確信被告犯了所被指控的特定罪行的每一個(gè)要素。組成任何特定罪行的構(gòu)成要素依據(jù)罪行而變化。基本的要素是心理狀態(tài)（犯罪意圖），行為（犯罪行為），同時(shí)發(fā)生和起因。然而，對(duì)于一項(xiàng)罪行存而必須并存的兩個(gè)必要要素是被告一定要犯下一個(gè)罪行且那個(gè)罪行是故意犯下的。

4.單選題

Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlsout,intheearlysummermornings,theyhadtotaketheirgunsandkeepguard;andthenagainassoonaseveningbegantomellow,theymustgooncemore.Andhewassosly.Heslidalonginthedeepgrass;hewasdifficultasaserpenttosee.Andheseemedtocircumventthegirlsdeliberately.OnceortwiceMarchhadcaughtsightofthewhitetipofhisbrush,ortheruddyshadowofhiminthedeepgrass,andshehadletfireathim.Buthemadenoaccountofthis.

Thetreesonthewoodedgewereadarkish,brownishgreeninthefulllight—foritwastheendofAugust.Beyond,thenaked,copper-likeshaftsandlimbsofthepinetreesshoneintheair.Nearertheroughgrass,withitslong,brownishstalksallagleam,wasfulloflight.Thefowlswereroundabout—theduckswerestillswimmingonthepondunderthepinetrees.Marchlookedatitall,sawitall,anddidnotseeit.SheheardBanfordspeakingtothefowlsinthedistance—andshedidnothear.Whatwasshethinkingabout?Heavenknows.Herconsciousnesswas,asitwere,heldback.

Sheloweredhereyes,andsuddenlysawthefox.Hewaslookingupather.Hischinwaspresseddown,andhiseyeswerelookingup.Theymethereyes.Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.

Shestruggled,confusedlyshecametoherself,andsawhimmakingoff,withslowleapsoversomefallenboughs,slow,impudentjumps.Thenheglancedoverhisshoulder,andransmoothlyaway.Shesawhisbrushheldsmoothlikeafeather,shesawhiswhitebuttockstwinkle.Andhewasgone,softly,softasthewind.

Sheputherguntohershoulder,buteventhenpursedhermouth,knowingitwasnonsensetopretendtofire.Soshebegantowalkslowlyafterhim,inthedirectionhehadgone,slowly,pertinaciously.Sheexpectedtofindhim.Inherheartshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Whatshewoulddowhenshesawhimagainshedidnotconsider.Butshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither...Assoonassupperwasover,sheroseagaintogoout,withoutsayingwhy.Shetookhergunagainandwenttolookforthefox.Forhehadliftedhiseyesuponher,andhisknowinglookseemedtohaveenteredherbrain.Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim.Shesawhisdark,shrewd,unabashedeyelookingintoher,knowingher.Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.Andagainshesawhimglanceoverhisshoulderather,halfinviting,halfcontemptuousandcunning.Soshewent,withhergreatstartledeyesglowing,hergununderherarm,alongthewoodedge.Meanwhilethenightfell,andagreatmoonroseabovethepinetrees.

1.Atthebeginningofthestory,thefoxseemstobeallEXCEPT（

）.

2.Asthestoryproceeds.Marchbeginstofeelunderthespellof

（

）.

3.GraduallyMarchseemstobeinastateof

（

）.

4.Attheendofthestory,thereseemstobeasenseof

（

）

betweenMarchandthefox.

5.Thepassagecreatesanoverallimpressionof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cunning

B.fierce

C.defiant

D.annoying

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thelight

B.thetrees

C.thenight

D.thefox

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.blankness

B.imagination

C.sadness

D.excitement

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.detachment

B.anger

C.intimacy

D.conflict

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.mystery

B.horror

C.liveliness

D.contempt.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.狐貍真的把他們都激怒了”可知選項(xiàng)D“惱人的”正確；根據(jù)第一段第三句“Andhewassosly.并且他是如此的狡猾?！笨芍x項(xiàng)A“狡猾的”正確；根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Buthemadenoaccountofthis.但是他卻不把（March向他開槍）這件事放在心上?！币簿褪钦f，狐貍這里是在挑釁March，所以選項(xiàng)C“挑釁的”也正確。只有選項(xiàng)B在文中沒有提及，所以本題選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.他（狐貍）認(rèn)識(shí)她。她被迷住了——她知道他認(rèn)識(shí)她。所以他看著她的眼睛，她的靈魂辜負(fù)了她。他認(rèn)識(shí)她，并不畏懼?！庇纱丝芍琈arch是被狐貍迷住了。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第五段最后三句“Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither.于是她心不在焉地在樹林邊上走來走去，一雙明亮的黑眼睛睜得大大的，兩頰微微泛起紅暈。她什么都沒有想。她莫名其妙地走來走去?！庇纱丝芍琈arch似乎進(jìn)入了一種放空的狀態(tài)，選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim....Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.她并不怎么想他，而是被他迷住了。....她感到他無形地控制了她的靈魂。她知道他抬起頭來時(shí)下巴是怎樣垂下來的，她知道他的口鼻是怎樣的，金褐色的，灰白色的?！庇纱丝赏茢啵诠适碌慕Y(jié)尾，March和狐貍之間似乎有親昵的感覺，選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講的是March和狐貍之間的故事。根據(jù)原文中的描述可知，全文整體營(yíng)造的是一種神秘的氛圍，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.單選題

Geneticallymodifiedcropsareeverywhere.ItseemseveninEurope,strictlawsdesignedtokeeptheEuropeanUnionfreeofGMcropsarenotworking,insteadareposingproblemsfortheEU:Farmers’srepresentativessaythatsuppliesofanimalfeedforpoultryandpigsarebeingrefusedentryatEuropeanportswhenfoundtocontaineventraceamountsofGMmaterial.

UnderEurope’s“zero-tolerance”lawsonGM,introducedin2007,thepresenceofevenafewseedsofGMmaterialwillruleoutanentireshipment.TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.”saysPekkaPesonen,secretarygeneralofCopa-Cogeca,afederationofgroupsrepresenting15millionEUfarmersintotal.HeclaimsthatEuropeanpigandpoultryfarmerswillgooutofbusinessunlesstheEUadoptsamorepracticalcheckingapproachbysettingastandard―say0.5percent—beneathwhichGMistolerated.Pesonensayssuch“tolerances”operateforotherpollution,includingpesticidesandheavymetals.SowhynotforGMmaterial,muchofwhichhasbeenclearedforhumanconsumptionelsewhereintheworld?

Lastyear200,000tonsofconventionalanimalfeed―mainlysoyandcom―wererefusedentrytotheEUwhentheywerefoundtocontainsmallamountsofGMcomvarieties.ThenflaxfromCanadawasfoundtocontaintracesofaGMvarietynamedCDCTriffidthatwaswithdrawnfromcommercialsalein2001.Followingaprohibitiononflaxmorethan100shipmentswererejected,buttradeisslowlyresuming.Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.

Priceswillbehigherstillthisyear,saysPesonen.owingtonaturaldisasterinSouthAmericaandagrowingmarketforAmericanfarmerssellingcropstoAsia,whichacceptsmixedshipments.IncreasingnumbersofGMcropvarietiesareontheway.Atpresent,around30varietiesaregrownaroundtheworld,blitthatispredictedtodoubletwiceby2015.makingscreeningmoredifficultthanever.

AfurtherconflictarisesbecausealltheEuropeanofficialsareduetobereplacedinFebruary.Aspokeswomanforthehealthcommission,whichintroducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops,saysthatintensivediscussiononfeedimportshavealreadytakenplace.“Oncethenewcommissionisestablished,itwillhavetoconsiderhowtoproceedonthismatter.”shesays.

1.EuropeanlawsagainstGMproducts（

）.

2.Takingtoday’sglobalsupplychainintoaccount,theanimalfeedindustrythinksthat

（

）.

3.WhatisEuropeanfarmers’attitudetoGMaccordingtoPekkaPesonen?

4.Aftersomeshipmentsarerefusedtobeimported,

（

）.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whydidthehealthcommissionintroducethezero-tolerancepolicy?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.managetofunctionwell

B.bringtroublestofarmers

C.helpfarmersalot

D.allowfoodwithGMmaterial

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.GMmaterialispossibletobeprevented

B.Europeanlawsareimpractical

C.Onlytheinternationalsupplychaincanwork

D.GoodsshouldbeprohibitedonceanyGMstuffisfound

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theythinkit’sreasonableforpeopletoworryaboutGM’sinfluence.

B.Theythinkit’sunderstandabletosetanabsolutelimitonGMproducts.

C.TheywillbebrokenifEUhelpthemtolimitGMeffect.

D.Theythink0.5percentistoohighastandard.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tradeisgoingdownalltheway

B.Peoplestillsigntradeontime

C.Goodsaregettingmoreexpensive

D.Merchantstryriskingtradingagain

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheEuropeanofficialsaretobereplaced

B.Becausethepolicyistheresultoftheintensivediscussion.

C.BecauseitwantstoeliminatethedoubtsabouttheGMcrops’safety.

D.BecausethepriceofGMcropsisveryhigh.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容：歐洲2007年出臺(tái)了關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因的“零容忍”法律。動(dòng)物飼料行業(yè)說，這些法律是行不通的。Copa-Cogeca組織的秘書長(zhǎng)PekkaPesonen說：“歐洲的養(yǎng)豬戶和家禽養(yǎng)殖戶將會(huì)破產(chǎn)，除非歐盟采取一種更實(shí)際的檢查方法，設(shè)定一個(gè)可以容忍轉(zhuǎn)基因的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比如0.5%?！庇纱丝赏茢?，這一法律給農(nóng)民帶來了麻煩，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.動(dòng)物飼料行業(yè)說，這些法律是行不通的，因?yàn)榭紤]到當(dāng)今的全球供應(yīng)鏈，轉(zhuǎn)基因物質(zhì)幾乎是不可避免的?！边x項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“PekkaPesonen”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.盡管我們理解歐洲消費(fèi)者的擔(dān)憂，但我們不理解零容忍，因?yàn)樗P(guān)閉了貿(mào)易?！庇纱丝芍?，歐洲農(nóng)民認(rèn)為人們擔(dān)心轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)品的影響是合理的。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句“Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.被拒絕的噸數(shù)只是每年進(jìn)口的3200萬噸飼料的一小部分。但這導(dǎo)致隨后的合同延期、價(jià)格上漲以及進(jìn)口商不愿冒進(jìn)一步發(fā)貨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“...introducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops...（委員會(huì)）推出零容忍政策，以滿足歐洲對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因作物安全性的普遍質(zhì)疑”。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

6.單選題

China’sresumingexerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKongandMacaois（

）ofChineseprosperity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indulgent

B.indifferent

C.indignant

D.indicative

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)indulgent“放縱的，寬容的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的，中立的”；C選項(xiàng)indignant“憤憤不平的”；D選項(xiàng)indicative“象征的”。句意：中國(guó)恢復(fù)對(duì)香港和澳門行使主權(quán)，象征著中國(guó)繁榮昌盛。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

7.單選題

Shewasso（

）fortheknowledgethatshehadtaughtherselfallthecoursesbeforeshewenttocollege.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grave

B.greedy

C.anxious

D.worried

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)grave“重大的”；B選項(xiàng)greedy“貪婪的，渴望的”；C選項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮的”；D選項(xiàng)worried“擔(dān)心的”。句意：她是對(duì)知識(shí)是如此的渴望，以至于她在上大學(xué)之前就自學(xué)了所有的課程。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

8.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto（

）theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)suffice“使?jié)M足”；B選項(xiàng)necessitate“使成為必需”；C選項(xiàng)facilitate“促進(jìn)，幫助”；D選項(xiàng)fabricate“偽造”。句意：應(yīng)該建立完善的市場(chǎng)體系促進(jìn)人才、資金和物資的流動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.翻譯題

Wemustcontinuewiththereformintaxandfeeinruralareastolightentheburdensoffarmersandprotecttheirinterests.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairs.Itadvocatesanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Ifwedonotcrackdownoncorruption,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthePartyandthepeoplewillsufferalotandthePartywillbeindangeroflosingitsrulingposition,orpossiblyheadingforself-destruction.

Nobodyinanysector,publicorprivate,shouldofferbenefitsunlessforagoodreason.

Damsareadramaticexampleofahumanactivitythatdegradesfreshwaterecosystems.

【答案】為了減輕農(nóng)民的負(fù)擔(dān)和保護(hù)他們的利益，我們一定要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行農(nóng)村稅費(fèi)改革。

中國(guó)在世界事務(wù)中不謀求霸權(quán)或主導(dǎo)地位。它主張一個(gè)新的國(guó)際政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序。

如果我們不打擊腐敗，那么黨和人們之間的血肉聯(lián)系將會(huì)深受其害，并且黨將會(huì)處于失去其執(zhí)政地位的危險(xiǎn)之中或可能走向自我毀滅。

除非有正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛?，否則任何部門(公共的或私人的)沒有人應(yīng)該提供福利。

水壩是人類活動(dòng)使淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的一個(gè)引人注目的例子。

10.單選題

Theactress（

）thetermsofhercontractandwassuedbytheproducer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.signed

C.implemented

D.violated

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)isolated“使孤立，使分離”；B選項(xiàng)signed“署名，寫下”；C選項(xiàng)implemented“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”；D選項(xiàng)violated“違反”。句意：這位女演員違反了合同條款，被制片人告上了法庭。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

1996年，世界上海拔最高的現(xiàn)代化的、多功能的大型圖書館西藏自治區(qū)圖書館建成開館。

她不想被別人看成賣弄才學(xué)的女子。

競(jìng)爭(zhēng)確有好處，它能逼你去創(chuàng)造、去革新。

中國(guó)不尋求霸權(quán)或支配世界事務(wù)，而是倡導(dǎo)建立國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序。

維護(hù)祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一事關(guān)中華民族的根本利益，中國(guó)人民將義無反顧的捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺(tái)灣從中國(guó)分裂出去。

【答案】In1996,thelarge,modemandmulti-functionalTibetAutonomousRegionLibrary,theworld’shighestinaltitude,wascompletedandopenedtothepublic.

Shedidnotwanttobelookeduponasabluestocking.

Competitionisagoodthingforcingyoutobecreativeandinnovative.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairsbuttoadvocateanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

TosafeguardnationalunitybearsonthefundamentalinterestsoftheChinesenation.WeChinesepeoplewillsafeguardourstatesovereigntyandterritorialintegritywithresolve,neverallowinganyonetoseparateTaiwanfromChinainanyway.

12.單選題

OscarWildesaidthatworkistherefugeofpeoplewhohavenothingbettertodo.Ifso,Americansarenowamongtheworld'ssaddestrefugees.FactoryworkersintheUnitedStatesareworkinglongerhoursthanatanytimeinthepasthalf-century.Americaonceledtherichworldincuttingtheaverageworkingweek-from70hoursin1850tolessthan40hoursbythe1950s.Itseemednaturalthataspeoplegrewrichertheywouldtradeextrasearningsformoreleisure.Sincethe1970s,however,thehoursclockedupbyAmericanworkershaverisentoanaverageof42thisyearinmanufacturing.

Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:Americansarespendingmoretimeatworkthantheydid20yearsago.Executivesandlawyersboastof80-hourweeks.Onholiday,theyseekoutfaxmachinesandphonesaseagerlyasGermansbagthebestsun-loungers.YetworkingtimeinEuropeandJapancontinuestofall.InGermany'sengineeringindustrytheworkingweekistobetrimmedfrom36to35hoursnextyearMostGermansgetsixweeks’paidannualholiday,eventheJapanesenowtakethreeweeks.Americansstillmakedowithjusttwo.

Germanyrespondstothiscontrastwithitsusualconcernaboutwhetherpeople'saversiontoworkisdamagingitscompetitiveness.YetGermanworkers,liketheJapanese,seemtobeactingsensibly:astheirincomesrise,theycanachieveabetterstandardoflivingwithfewerhoursofwork.ThepuzzleiswhyAmerica,theworld'srichestcountry,seesthingsdifferently.Itisapuzzlewithsinistersocialimplications.Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?

SomeexplanationsforAmerica’stimeatworkfailtostanduptoscrutiny.Oneblamesweaktradeunionsthatleaveworkersopentoexploitation.Areworkersbeingforcedbycost-cuttingfirmstotoilharderjusttokeeptheirjobs?ArecentstudybytwoAmericaneconomists,RichardFreemanandLindaBell,suggestsnot:whenasked,Americansactuallywanttoworklongerhours.MostGermanworkers,incontrast,wouldratherworkless.

Then,whydoAmericanswanttoworkharder?OnereasonmaybethattherealearningsofmanyAmericanshavebeenstagnantorfallingduringthepasttwodecades.Peopleworklongermerelytomaintaintheirlivingstandards.Yetmanyhigherskilledworkers,whohaveenjoyedbigincreasesintheirrealpay,havebeenworkinghardertoo.Also,onereasonfortheslowgrowthofwageshasbeentherapidgrowthinemployment-whichismoreorlesswheretheargumentbegan.

Taxesmayhavesomethingtodowithit.PeoplewhoworkanextrahourinAmericaareallowedtokeepmoreoftheirmoneythanthosewhodothesameinGermany.FallsinmarginaltaxratesinAmericasincethe1970shavemadeitallthemoreprofitabletoworklonger.

Noneoftheseanswersreallyexplainswhythecentury-longdeclineinworkinghourshasgoneintoreverseinAmericabutnotelsewhere(thoughBritainshowsignsoffollowingAmerica’slead).Perhapsculturaldifferences--thelastrefugeofthedefeatedeconomists---areatplay.Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,theirincentivetoworkwouldbeeroded,likelionsrelaxingafterakill.Buthumansaremoresusceptibletoadvertisingthanlions.Perhapsclevermarketinghasensuredthat“basicneeds”--forashowerwithbuilt-inTV,forarocket-propelledcar—expandcontinuously.ShoppingisalreadyoneofAmerica’smostpopularpastimes.Butitrequiresmoney—hencemoreworkandlessleisure.Ortrythis,thetelevisionisnotverygood,andbaseballandhockeykeepbeingwipedoutbystrikes.PerhapsWildewasright.MaybeAmericanshavenothingbettertodo.

1.IntheUnitedStates,workinglongerhoursis（

）.

2.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichmightbeoneoftheconsequencesofworkinglongerhours?

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecauseofworkinglongerhoursstatedbythewriter?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confinedtothemanufacturingindustry

B.atraditionalpracticeinsomesectors

C.prevalentinallsectorsofsociety

D.favoredbytheeconomists

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Riseinemployees’workingefficiency

B.Riseinthenumberofyoungoffenders

C.Riseinpeople’slivingstandards

D.Riseincompetitiveness

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Expansionofbasicneeds

B.Culturaldifferences

C.Increaseinrealearnings

D.Advertising

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:...幾項(xiàng)研究表明，制造業(yè)以外也在發(fā)生類似的事情:...”也就是說，除了制造業(yè)，美國(guó)其他行業(yè)里工作時(shí)間也很長(zhǎng)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?父母花在孩子身上的時(shí)間更少，他們（孩子）可能會(huì)被長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的留在家里。青少年犯罪呈上升趨勢(shì)，這僅僅是個(gè)巧合嗎?”由此可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的結(jié)果將會(huì)導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪數(shù)量的增加。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“這些答案都不能真正解釋為什么美國(guó)的工作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)達(dá)一個(gè)世紀(jì)的下降趨勢(shì)已經(jīng)逆轉(zhuǎn)，而其他地方卻沒有(盡管英國(guó)有跡象表明正在步美國(guó)的后塵)。也許文化差異——失敗經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的最后避難所——正在發(fā)揮作用。”這里提到文化差異的問題，但這并不是美國(guó)人長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的原因。下文提到“Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,...經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家過去認(rèn)為，一旦工人掙到足夠的錢來滿足他們的基本需求和一些奢侈品...”由此可知，真正的原因是為了擴(kuò)大基本需求，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.單選題

Thisnewtypeofplanthasaan（

）,bulb-shapedstem,thoughnotverydelicious.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oval

B.edible

C.reliable

D.available

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)oval“橢圓的”；B選項(xiàng)edible“可食用的”；C選項(xiàng)reliable“可靠的”；D選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的”。句意：這種新型的植物有一個(gè)可食用的，球狀的莖，雖然不是很美味。根據(jù)句子的后半部分可知，選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

14.單選題

Thegovernmentofficialsestimatethatthewarhascreatedmorethanhalfamillion（

）whoneedimmediatefood,clothingandshelter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exiles

B.hostages

C.survivors

D.refugees

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)exile“放逐，流放”；B選項(xiàng)hostage“人質(zhì)，抵押品”；C選項(xiàng)survivor“幸存者”；D選項(xiàng)refugee“難民，逃亡者”。句意：政府官員估計(jì)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)致50多萬難民急需食物、衣服和住所。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

15.單選題

TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)scattered“分散的，散亂的”；B選項(xiàng)overflowed“溢出的”；C選項(xiàng)permeated“滲透，彌漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢著；D選項(xiàng)manipulated“操作”。句意：在中國(guó)的外國(guó)學(xué)生洋溢著大量的中國(guó)文化氣息。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

16.單選題

Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom.Thesmoke（

）myeyes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbs

B.bothers

C.upsets

D.irritates

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)disturb“打擾，妨礙”；B選項(xiàng)bother“麻煩，打擾”；C選項(xiàng)upset“使心煩，擾亂”；D選項(xiàng)irritate“刺激，激怒”。句意：請(qǐng)不要在會(huì)議室吸煙，煙熏得我眼睛難受。也就是說眼睛受到了刺激，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

17.單選題

It’snoteasytofindasolutiontothecountry’slabor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.vacancy

C.rarity

D.shortage

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)decline“下降，衰退”；B選項(xiàng)vacancy“空缺”；C選項(xiàng)rarity“罕見，珍貴”；D選項(xiàng)shortage“短缺”。句意：要找到解決國(guó)家勞動(dòng)力短缺的辦法并不容易。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

18.單選題

Ifleadership,asitsmostbasicmeaning,（1）gettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’s

（2）tools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolis（3）theirgrasp,availableonly（4）thecharismaticandtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,

（5）experimentalpsychologistshave（6）whichmethodsreliablyleadpeopleto

（7）,comply,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.

Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilar（8）themthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,

（9）peerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarenotonlylikethembutwholikethemaswell.Soitis（10）thetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffer（11）praise.Third,experiments（12）theintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It'sa

（13）policytodoafavor（14）

seekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyand（15）.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydo（16）experts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’s（17）.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommodity

（18）it’sscarce;it

（19）,then,that（20）informationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistsin

B.consistsof

C.constitutesof

D.composesof

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.fundamental

B.rudimentary

C.elementary

D.essential

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.beyond

B.within

C.in

D.out

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.though

B.although

C.eventhough

D.but

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.studied

B.learned

C.examined

D.investigated

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.cede

B.concede

C.recede

D.retreat

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.at

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.register

B.list

C.enlist

D.enroll

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.worth

B.worthof

C.worthwith

D.worthy

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.authentic

B.genuine

C.real

D.true

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.affirm

B.confirm

C.testify

D.verify

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.best

B.correct

C.sound

D.valid

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.while

C.after

D.before

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.explicitly

B.implicitly

C.exultantly

D.introspectively

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.deny

B.deferto

C.conferto

D.referto

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.self-contained

B.self-possessed

C.self-opinionated

D.self-evident

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.when

C.whether

D.evenif

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.obeys

B.abides

C.follows

D.happens

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.exclusive

B.inclusive

C.scarce

D.reliable

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)consistin“在于”；選項(xiàng)B和D都表示“由…組成或構(gòu)成”的意思；C選項(xiàng)constitute為及物動(dòng)詞，后面不需要接介詞of。所以只有選項(xiàng)A符合原文。句意：如果領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，作為其最基本的含義，在于通過他人完成任務(wù)…。

（2）形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)fundamental“基本的，根本的”；B選項(xiàng)rudimentary“初步的”；C選項(xiàng)elementary“初級(jí)的”；D選項(xiàng)essential“必要的”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指“必要的工具”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（3）考查固定搭配。beyondone'sgrasp意為“鞭長(zhǎng)莫及”，原文指“超出能力范圍”。句意：許多高管認(rèn)為，這一工具超出了他們的掌握范圍。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

（4）介詞辨析題。beavailablefor指“有效，對(duì)…有用”；beavailableto指“可被...利用或得到的”；選項(xiàng)A和D則無此搭配。句意：（這一工具）只有有魅力和有口才的人才能使用。原文中的主語是“thistool”，工具是被利用，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（5）考查邏輯連接詞。根據(jù)原文可知，這里應(yīng)填入表示讓步的邏輯關(guān)系連詞，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)D，but表轉(zhuǎn)折。而選項(xiàng)B和C只能位于句首，所以只有選項(xiàng)A正確，though既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。

（6）邏輯推理題。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)家已經(jīng)研究了一些可靠的方法，所以選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。選項(xiàng)C和D都是調(diào)查的意思，不符合語境。

（7）邏輯推理題。根據(jù)下文的“comply,orchange”可知，填空處應(yīng)填入與這兩個(gè)詞意思相近的單詞。A選項(xiàng)cede“放棄，割讓”；B選項(xiàng)concede“讓步，退讓”；C選項(xiàng)recede“后退，撤回”；D選項(xiàng)retreat“撤退”。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

（8）介詞辨析題。besimilarto為固定介詞搭配，意為“與…相似”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

（9）動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)register“登記”；B選項(xiàng)list“列清單”；C選項(xiàng)enlist“使入伍”；D選項(xiàng)enroll“使