住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoints―periods,countries,dramaticevents,andgreatleaders.Italsohashadclearandfirmnotionsofscholarlyprocedure:howoneinquiresintoahistoricalproblem,howonepresentsanddocumentsone’sfindings,whatconstitutesadmissibleandadequateproof.

Anyonewhohasfollowedrecenthistoricalliteraturecantestifytotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinhistoricalstudies.Thecurrentlyfashionablesubjectscomedirectlyfromthesociologycatalog:childhood,work,leisure.Thenewsubjectsareaccompaniedbynewmethods.Wherehistoryoncewasprimarilynarrative,itisnowentirelyanalytic.Theoldquestions“Whathappened?”and“Howdidithappen?”havegivenwaytothequestion“Whydidithappen?”Prominentamongthemethodsusedtoanswerthequestion“Why”ispsychoanalysis,anditsusehasgivenrisetopsychohistory.

Psychohistorydoesnotmerelyusepsychologicalexplanationsinhistoricalcontexts.Historianshavealwaysusedsuchexplanationswhentheywereappropriateandwhentherewassufficientevidenceforthem.Butthispragmaticuseofpsychologyisnotwhatpsychohistoriansintend.Theyarecommitted,notjusttopsychologyingeneral,buttoFreudianpsychoanalysis.Thiscommitmentprecludesacommitmenttohistoryashistorianshavealwaysunderstoodit.Psychohistoryderivesits“facts”notfromhistory,thedetailedrecordsofeventsandtheirconsequences,butfrompsychoanalysisoftheindividualswhomadehistory,anddeducesitstheoriesnotfromthisorthatinstanceintheirlives,butfromaviewofhumannaturethattranscendshistory.Itdeniesthebasiccriterionofhistoricalevidence:thatevidencebepubliclyaccessibleto,andthereforeassessableby,allhistorians.Anditviolatesthebasictenetofhistoricalmethod:thathistoriansbealerttothenegativeinstancesthatwouldrefutetheirtheses.Psychohistorians,convincedoftheabsoluterightnessoftheirowntheories,arealsoconvincedthattheirsisthe“deepest”explanationofanyevent,thatotherexplanationsfallshortofthetruth.

Psychohistoryisnotcontenttoviolatethedisciplineofhistory(inthesenseofthepropermodeofstudyingandwritingaboutthepast);italsoviolatesthepastitself.Itdeniestothepastanintegrityandwillofitsown,inwhichpeopleactedoutofavarietyofmotivesandinwhicheventshadamultiplicityofcausesandeffects.Itimposesuponthepastthesamedeterminismthatitimposesuponthepresent,thusrobbingpeopleandeventsoftheirindividualityandoftheircomplexity.Insteadofrespectingtheparticularityofthepast,itassimilatesallevents,pastandpresent,intoasingledeterministicschemathatispresumedtobetrueatalltimesandinallcircumstances.

1.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainpointofthetext?

2.Theauthormentionswhichofthefollowingasacharacteristicofthepracticeofpsychohistorians?

3.Theauthorofthetextsuggeststhatpsychohistoriansviewhistoryprimarilyas（

）.

4.Theauthorofthetextputstheword“deepest”(LastLine,Paragraph3)inquotationmarksmostprobablyinorderto（

）.

5.Inpresentingheranalysis,theauthordoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theapproachofpsychohistorianstohistoricalstudyiscurrentlyinvogueeventhoughitlackstherigorandverifiabilityoftraditionalhistoricalmethod.

B.Traditionalhistorianscanbenefitfromstudyingthetechniquesandfindingsofpsychohistorians.

C.Areasofsociologicalstudysuchaschildhoodandworkareoflittleinteresttotraditionalhistorians.

D.Thepsychologicalassessmentofanindividual’sbehaviorandattitudesismoreinformativethanthedetailsofhisorherdailylife.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thelivesofhistoricalfiguresarepresentedinepisodicratherthannarrativeform.

B.Archivesusedbypsychohistorianstogathermaterialarenotaccessibletootherscholars.

C.Pastandcurrenteventsareallplacedwithinthesamedeterministicdiagram.

D.Eventsintheadultlifeofahistoricalfigureareseentobemoreconsequentialthanarethoseinthechildhoodofthefigure.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.areportofevents,causes,andeffectsthatisgenerallyacceptedbyhistoriansbutwhichis,forthemostpart,unverifiable

B.anepisodicaccountthatlackscohesionbecauserecordsoftheroleofchildhood,work,andleisureinthelivesofhistoricalfiguresarerare

C.anunchartedseaofseeminglyunexplainableeventsthathavemeaningonlywhenexaminedasdiscreteunits

D.arecordofthewayinwhichaclosedsetofimmutablepsychologicallawsseemstohaveshapedevents

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.signalherreservationsabouttheaccuracyofpsychohistorians’claimsfortheirwork

B.drawattentiontoacontradictioninthepsychohistorians’method

C.emphasizethemajordifferencebetweenthetraditionalhistorians'methodandthatofpsychohistorians

D.disassociateheropinionofthepsychohistorians’claimsfromheropinionoftheirmethod

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.makegeneralstatementswithoutreferencetospecificexamples

B.describesomeofthecriteriaemployedbytraditionalhistorians

C.questiontheadequacyofthepsychohistorians’interpretationofevents

D.pointoutinconsistenciesinthepsychohistorians’applicationoftheirmethods

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章主要講了心理歷史學(xué)家研究歷史的方法特點(diǎn)和與傳統(tǒng)歷史研究的對比。因此選項(xiàng)A“心理歷史學(xué)家的歷史研究方法雖然缺乏傳統(tǒng)歷史方法的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性和可驗(yàn)證性，但目前仍是一種流行的研究方法。”符合題意。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章最后一段“Insteadofrespectingtheparticularityofthepast,itassimilatesallevents,pastandpresent,intoasingledeterministicschemathatispresumedtobetrueatalltimesandinallcircumstances.它不尊重過去的特殊性，而是將過去和現(xiàn)在的所有事件同化成一個(gè)單一的決定性圖式，這個(gè)圖式被假定在任何時(shí)候和任何情況下都是真實(shí)的?！庇纱丝芍狢選項(xiàng)“過去和現(xiàn)在的事件都放置在同樣的確定模式里”正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Insteadofrespectingtheparticularityofthepast,itassimilatesallevents,pastandpresent,intoasingledeterministicschemathatispresumedtobetrueatalltimesandinallcircumstances.它不尊重過去的特殊性，而是將過去和現(xiàn)在的所有事件同化成一個(gè)單一的決定性圖式，這個(gè)圖式被假定在任何時(shí)候和任何情況下都是真實(shí)的?！庇纱丝芍狣選項(xiàng)“一種封閉的、不可改變的心理法則似乎塑造了事件的記錄”正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“Psychohistorians,convincedoftheabsoluterightnessoftheirowntheories,arealsoconvincedthattheirsisthe‘deepest’explanationofanyevent,thatotherexplanationsfallshortofthetruth.心理歷史學(xué)家相信他們自己的理論是絕對正確的，也相信他們的理論是對任何事件的‘最深刻的’解釋，其他的解釋都不符合事實(shí)?！庇纱丝芍髡邔π睦須v史學(xué)家關(guān)于他們工作的說法的準(zhǔn)確性持保留態(tài)度。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段中“Insteadofrespectingtheparticularityofthepast,itassimilatesallevents,pastandpresent,intoasingledeterministicschemathatispresumedtobetrueatalltimesandinallcircumstances.它不考慮過去的特殊性，而將所有過去和現(xiàn)在的事件并入一個(gè)單一的確定模式，而這種模式在所有的時(shí)間和情況下被假設(shè)是正確的?！睂?yīng)知A項(xiàng)“在不提具體例子的情況下做總體的陳述”在文中有提及；由第三段中“Anditviolatesthebasictenetofhistoricalmethod:thathistoriansbealerttothenegativeinstancesthatwouldrefutetheirtheses.且它違反了歷史方法的基本原則，即歷史學(xué)家應(yīng)該留意將會(huì)否定他們論點(diǎn)的反面事例”知B項(xiàng)“描述了傳統(tǒng)歷史學(xué)家所使用的一些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”在文中有提及；由第三段中“Psychohistorians,convincedoftheabsoluterightnessoftheirowntheories,arealsoconvincedthattheirsisthe‘deepest’explanationofanyevent,thatotherexplanationsfallshortofthetruth.心理歷史學(xué)家確信自己理論的絕對正確，也確信他們的理論的解釋是對任何事件的最深入的解釋，從而也確信其他解釋缺乏真理”知C項(xiàng)“質(zhì)疑心理歷史學(xué)家對事件解釋的適當(dāng)性”在文中有暗示性提及；由此知在文中沒有提及的D項(xiàng)“指出心理歷史學(xué)家在應(yīng)用他們的方式上的不一致”正確。

2.單選題

A（

）isagrillonwhichmeat,fish,andotherfoodsarecookedoverhotcharcoal,usuallyoutofdoors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.duet

B.barbecue

C.tonic

D.fag

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)duet“二重奏”；B選項(xiàng)barbecue“燒烤”；C選項(xiàng)tonic“補(bǔ)藥”；D選項(xiàng)fag“苦工、疲勞”，由題干中提到的各種食物以及熱木炭，可知barbecue“燒烤”符合語境。句意為：燒烤是肉、魚和其他食物放在烤架上，再在熱木炭上烘烤，通常在戶外進(jìn)行。故正確答案選B。

3.單選題

WhenexecutivesatGooglewentlookingforWallStreetinvestmentbankerstounderwritethecompany’smassiveinitialpublicoffering,theylaiddownstricttermsofengagement:bringusnewideasonhowtosellthedealtoinvestorsandsavetheusualpoliticalgamesmanship.Butwithsuchahugepaydayatstake—anestimated$100millioninfeesforhandlingtheoffering—wouldyouexpectallthebigfirmstoplaybytheGooglerules?Ofcoursenot,justaskGoldmanSachs.

TowinachunkoftheGooglebusiness,Goldman,thenation’spremierinvestmentbank,setfreeitsCEO:HankPaulson,topullsomestrings.PaulsonisoneofWallStreet’sbest“callmen”,whocanwaveaPalmPDAfullofconnectionswhenit’scrunchtimetobringhomeadeal.ButNewsweekhaslearnedthatPaulsontriedtosidestepGoogle’sordersbyreachingouttooneofGoogle’slargestinvestors,KleinerPerkins,thepowerfulventure-capitalfirmthatwasanearlyGooglebacker.ThemovehelpeddoomGoldman’seffortstowintheleadunderwritingspot,whichwentinsteadtoCreditSuisseFirstBostonandMorganStanley.

PaulsonthoughthisbestshotwasJohnDoerr,oneofKleiner’stoppartners.Badmove,whenwordofPaulson’smisstepgotbacktoGoogle’stopexecutives,Goldmanwasquicklybumpedfromthetopoftheshortlist.“ThepeopleatGoogleweresuchenthusiastsabouttherules,”saidoneexecutivewhoworksatarivalWallStreetfirm.“Whentheyheardaboutthis,theywentape.”Noneofthepartiesinvolved—Google,GoldmanSachsorDoerr—wouldcomment.

Thetwowinners,CSFBandMorganStanley,managedtokeepalowprofile.JohnMack,CSFB’sfamouslywell-connectedchiefexecutive,purposelystayedoutofthebiddingprocessforfearthathemighttipthescalestoanotherplayer,peoplewithknowledgeofthemattersay.Meanwhile,newrulesforWallStreetresearchanalystsappeartohavepreventedMaryMeeker,MorganStanley’stopInternetanalyst,fromplayingadirectrole,eventhoughsheandDoerrhavedonebusinesstogetherforyears.

Goldman,meanwhile,can’tblameitslossjustonPaulson.PeopleclosetothedealsaybankersforthefirmbraggedtoGoogleabouttheGoldmanname,anddidn’tgenerateenoughideasabouthowtosellsharestoinvestorsthroughanauction.“TheirlackofmarketingwitmayhavehurtthemmorethanPaulson,”saidtheexecutivefromarivalfirm.Sometimes,itreallydoespaytoplaybytherules.

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

2.HankPaulson’snameismentionedtoshowthat（

）.

3.Thespeakerinthethirdparagraphthinksthat（

）.

4.JohnMackandMaryMeekersharedsimilaritiesinthattheyboth（

）.

5.GoldmanmightlearnalessonfromGoogle’sdealthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.GooglefollowedtherulesofWallStreet.

B.GoldmanSachsdisobeyedGoogle’srules.

C.GoldmanSachsfollowedGoogle’srules.

D.BigfirmsinWallStreetareafraidofGoogle.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.heisafamousbankerinWallStreet

B.hefailedbyfollowingGoogle’srules

C.helostGoogle’sdealbyusinggamesmanship

D.helostGoogle’sdealtohisrivals

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.JohnDoerrwasthebestshotforPaulson

B.GoldmanwaswronginGoogle’sdeal

C.GooglemadeafussaboutPaulson’sact

D.Googlefollowedtherulesperfectly

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.behavedwithdeliberaterestraintormodesty

B.purposelystayedoutofthebiddingprocess

C.workedtogetherwithDoerrforyears

D.tippedthescaletotheirrivals

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyshouldnotunleashitsCEOtopullsomestrings

B.theyshouldalwaysplaybytherules

C.Paulsonisnottherightpersontoleadthehank

D.it’svitaltohavegoodperceptioninmarketing

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。定位到文章第一段“Butwithsuchahugepaydayatstake—anestimated$100millioninfeesforhandlingtheoffering—wouldyouexpectallthebigfirmstoplaybytheGooglerules?Ofcoursenot,justaskGoldmanSachs.但是，考慮到如此巨額的發(fā)薪日——估計(jì)有1億美元用于處理股票發(fā)行的費(fèi)用——你還指望所有的大公司都遵守谷歌規(guī)則嗎？當(dāng)然不是，問問高盛公司就知道了?！庇纱丝傻玫紹選項(xiàng)“高盛公司不服從谷歌的規(guī)定”符合題意。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“ButNewsweekhaslearnedthatPaulsontriedtosidestepGoogle’sordersbyreachingouttooneofGoogle’slargestinvestors,KleinerPerkins,thepowerfulventure-capitalfirmthatwasanearlyGooglebacker.ThemovehelpeddoomGoldman’seffortstowintheleadunderwritingspot,whichwentinsteadtoCreditSuisseFirstBostonandMorganStanley.但《新聞周刊》獲悉，保爾森試圖繞過谷歌的指令，與谷歌最大的投資者之一、實(shí)力強(qiáng)大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資公司凱鵬華盈接洽。這家公司是谷歌的早期支持者。這一舉動(dòng)使高盛贏得主承銷席位的努力陷入了失敗，最終被瑞士信貸第一波士頓（CSFB）和摩根士丹利（MorganStanley）取代?！庇纱丝芍柹m然用了些手段，但是沒有贏得谷歌的生意，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“‘ThepeopleatGoogleweresuchenthusiastsabouttherules’,saidoneexecutivewhoworksatarivalWallStreetfirm.‘谷歌的人對這些規(guī)則是如此狂熱’，在其競爭對手華爾街公司工作的一名高管表示?！庇纱丝芍雀韫臼欠浅Ｖ匾暽虡I(yè)投標(biāo)的規(guī)則，并且十分遵守規(guī)則的。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段“Thetwowinners,CSFBandMorganStanley,managedtokeepalowprofile.瑞士信貸第一波士頓（CSFB）和摩根士丹利（MorganStanley）這兩家贏家設(shè)法保持了低調(diào)?！焙汀皃urposelystayedoutofthebiddingprocessfor…甚至是故意和招標(biāo)過程保持距離?！庇纱丝芍狝選項(xiàng)“有意克制或謙虛的行為舉止”是兩個(gè)人的共同之處，因此選A。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“‘TheirlackofmarketingwitmayhavehurtthemmorethanPaulson,’saidtheexecutivefromarivalfirm.他們?nèi)狈I銷智慧對他們的傷害可能比保爾森更大?！庇纱丝芍獡碛袪I銷洞察力在競爭中是十分重要的因素，因此D選項(xiàng)“goodperceptioninmarketing良好的營銷感知能力”符合題意，因此選D。

4.單選題

Lifeisacandle（

）toburnevenbrighter.?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingmeant

B.meaning

C.tomean

D.meant

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞“burnevenbrighter越燃越亮”的對應(yīng)知這里指代“人們希望蠟燭（或蠟燭應(yīng)該）越燃越亮”；再由“mean”一詞在表示“主觀希望”時(shí)一般用被動(dòng)語態(tài)知D項(xiàng)“meant（其完整形式應(yīng)該為whichismeant）”正確。故正確答案選D。

5.翻譯題

在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩的情況下，為何大宗商品價(jià)格卻在飆升呢？流行的解釋似乎是“投機(jī)”。但是，由于投機(jī)是無時(shí)不在的，這無法解釋為什么現(xiàn)在價(jià)格猛漲。另一個(gè)流行的解釋是美國大幅放寬貨幣政策。但這很難解釋這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：按照歐元計(jì)算，油價(jià)也在快速上漲。同時(shí)，投機(jī)也無法解釋那些沒有活躍期貨市場的大宗商品價(jià)格的上漲。

(參考詞匯：commodityprices;soar;speculation;ease;monetarypolicy;euro;futuresmarket)

【答案】

Whyarecommoditypricessoaringwhenworldeconomyisslowing?Thepopularexplanationseemstobe“speculation”.But,sincespeculationisalwayswithus,thiscannotexplainwhypricesaresoaringnow?AnotherpopularexplanationistheaggressiveeasingofUSmonetarypolicy.But,thishardlyexplainsthefactthatthepriceofoilisrisingrapidlyevenineuros.Nordoesspeculationexplaintheriseinthepricesofthesecommoditiesthatdonothaveactivefuturesmarkets.

6.單選題

Itisthefirsttimethathe（

）theschoolregulation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isgoingtoviolate

B.hasviolated

C.violates

D.violated

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。本題考查的是同位語從句中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)問題。Itisthefirsttimethat...這個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，使用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對于過去經(jīng)歷的總結(jié)，句意為：這是他第一次違反學(xué)校規(guī)則。故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

Allthestudentshavetoto（

）therulesandregulationsoftheschool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirm

B.confront

C.conform

D.confine

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)confirm“確定，確認(rèn)”；B選項(xiàng)confront“面對，遭遇”；C選項(xiàng)conform“符合，遵照”；D選項(xiàng)confine“限制，禁閉”。由關(guān)鍵詞“therulesandregulations規(guī)章制度”可知空格部分單詞意思為“遵守，遵循”，句意為：所有的學(xué)生都要遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。選項(xiàng)C意思與之相近。

8.單選題

Althoughthetwoplayersare（

）inthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriends.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.partners

B.rivals

C.enemies

D.companions

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)partner“同伴、合伙人”；B選項(xiàng)rival“對手、競爭者”；C選項(xiàng)enemy“敵人”；D選項(xiàng)companion“同伴、伙伴”，空格所在的句子為讓步狀語從句，句子意思為“盡管兩位選手在網(wǎng)球場上是對手”，可知空格部分單詞意思為“對手”，和主句中的“goodfriends好朋友”是正反義詞關(guān)系，句意為：盡管兩位選手在網(wǎng)球場上是對手，但是她們是很好的朋友。故正確答案選B。

9.單選題

（

）ishisowndecision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whenleaving

B.Whendoesheleave

C.Whenheleaves

D.Heleaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由空格后“ishisowndecision”的對應(yīng)知這里缺少主語，故能充當(dāng)主語的C項(xiàng)“Whenheleaves”正確。A項(xiàng)“Whenleaving”屬于時(shí)間狀語；B項(xiàng)“Whendoesheleave”屬于疑問句，不能充當(dāng)主語；D項(xiàng)“Heleaves”中謂語動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eaves”與空格后系動(dòng)詞“is”重復(fù)，在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上不正確。選項(xiàng)C正確。

10.單選題

Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas（

）intropicalcountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.prevalent

C.provocative

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prospective“未來的、預(yù)期的”；B選項(xiàng)prevalent“流行的、普遍的”；C選項(xiàng)provocative“刺激的、挑撥的”；D選項(xiàng)perpetual“永久的、永遠(yuǎn)的”，從句中關(guān)鍵詞“eyedisease眼疾，tropicalcountries熱帶國家”可聯(lián)系到prevalent“流行的、普遍的”。句意為：一些研究證實(shí)這種眼疾在熱帶國家很普遍。故正確答案選B。

11.單選題

（

）thereislittlewecandotomodifytheweather,wecanatleastknowwhatkindofweathertoexpect.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Since

B.When

C.While

D.Unless

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。這句話空格同樣考查狀語從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法和含義。從句的意思是“我們在改變天氣方面無能為力”，和后句“我們至少知道天氣未來的變化”存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)A表示原因關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)D表示讓步條件關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)B可以表示時(shí)間條件關(guān)系，而while除了表示時(shí)間條件關(guān)系還可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折。句意為：盡管我們在改變天氣方面無能為力，但我們至少知道天氣未來的變化。故正確答案選C。

12.翻譯題

Theideathataquickrecessionwouldpurgetheworldofpastexcessesisludicrous.Thedangeris,instead,ofaslump,asamountainofprivatedebt—intheUS,equaltothreetimesGDP—topplesoverintomassbankruptcy.Thedownwardspiralwouldbeginwithfurtherdecayoffinancialsystemsandproceedviapervasivemistrust,thevanishingofcredit,closureofvastnumbersofbusinesses,soaringunemployment,tumblingcommodityprices,cascadingdeclinesinassetpricesandsoaringrepossessions.Globalizationwouldspreadthecatastropheeverywhere.

【答案】

一個(gè)快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退將會(huì)消除世界的無節(jié)制的想法是荒謬的。相反，隨著大量私人債務(wù)（如在美國大量的私人債務(wù)等于美國國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的3倍）坍塌為大規(guī)模破產(chǎn)，這種危險(xiǎn)就是衰退。隨著金融體系進(jìn)一步衰退，螺旋式下跌將會(huì)開始，然后通過遍布的不信任、信譽(yù)的消失、大量企業(yè)的倒閉、不斷上升的失業(yè)率、大宗商品價(jià)格暴跌、資產(chǎn)價(jià)格狂跌和飆升的收回資產(chǎn)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。全球化將會(huì)將這個(gè)大災(zāi)難擴(kuò)散到全球所有地方。

13.單選題

Ourarmysucceededin（

）theadvancingenemy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.retrieving

B.revenging

C.resenting

D.repelling

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)retrieve“檢索，恢復(fù)”；B選項(xiàng)revenge“報(bào)復(fù)，替復(fù)仇”；C選項(xiàng)resent“怨恨，憤恨”；D選項(xiàng)repel“擊退，抵制”。由關(guān)鍵詞“ourarmy”和“theadvancingenemy前進(jìn)的敵軍”，可知空格部分意思可能為“擊退，打退”，句意為：我軍成功擊退前進(jìn)的敵軍。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Asahigh-levelexecutive（

）agroupofmanagers,youmayfindtheseguidelineshelpful.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.talking

B.speaking

C.addressing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)talk“說，談話”；B選項(xiàng)speak“講話，發(fā)言”；C選項(xiàng)address“演講，致詞”；D選項(xiàng)discuss“討論”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思相近，但是talk強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作雙方溝通，speak側(cè)重單方的講話，address指在某活動(dòng)或者工作中的發(fā)言，句意為：當(dāng)你作為高管向一群經(jīng)理演講時(shí)，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些指導(dǎo)方針很有幫助。故選項(xiàng)C更符合題意。

15.單選題

Withtheprices（

）somuch,itisdifficultforthegovernmenttomakeabudgetplan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vibrating

B.fluctuating

C.fluttering

D.swinging

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vibrate“使震動(dòng)，使顫動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng)，漲落”的意思；C選項(xiàng)flutter“飄動(dòng)，鼓翼”；D選項(xiàng)swing“搖擺，專項(xiàng)，懸掛”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“price價(jià)格”和“makeabudgetplan做出預(yù)算方案”，可知空格部分意思為“浮動(dòng)”，和選項(xiàng)B意思接近，句意為：因?yàn)閮r(jià)格的波動(dòng)太大了，政府很難做出預(yù)算方案。故選B。

16.單選題

Oneoftherequirementsforthemasterdegreeisthatstudents（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oughttopassoraldefense

B.passoraldefense

C.needpassoraldefense

D.aretopassoraldefense

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句子主語是requirement,suggestion,advice,order等詞，后面的表語從句中要用到虛擬語氣：should+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。這里should可以省略，句意為，對于碩士學(xué)位的要求之一是：學(xué)生應(yīng)該通過論文答辯。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，B最符合題意。

17.單選題

Ifindrecordsareoften（

）orbetterthananactualperformance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asgoodas

B.asgood

C.good

D.goodas

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“orbetterthananactualperformance或比實(shí)際演出更好”的對應(yīng)知空格處指代“與實(shí)際演出一樣好”，由此知A項(xiàng)“asgoodas與……一樣好”正確。

18.單選題

Sinceacirclehasnobeginningorend,theweddingringisacceptedasasymbolof（

）love.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.successive

B.consecutive

C.eternal

D.insistent

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)successive“連續(xù)的，繼承的”；B選項(xiàng)consecutive“連貫的，連續(xù)不斷的”；C選項(xiàng)eternal“永恒的”；D選項(xiàng)insistent“堅(jiān)持的，迫切的”。句子的前半句意思是“因?yàn)閳A沒有起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)”，后半句是句子的主干部分，of后面由“l(fā)ove愛”組成所有格結(jié)構(gòu)。這里需要填入一個(gè)形容詞，表示“永遠(yuǎn)的，永恒的”才符合句子意思，句意為：因?yàn)閳A沒有起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)，所以婚戒被當(dāng)作永恒愛情的象征。故正確答案為C。

19.單選題

Ithinkitadvisablethathe（

）Tokyosoon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willleave

B.mayleave

C.leave

D.leaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由“itisnecessary/important/advisable/anxious/essential...”等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣（即should+動(dòng)詞原形或只用動(dòng)詞原形）知C項(xiàng)“l(fā)eave”正確。

20.單選題

Wesawthecanoe（

）,throwingitspassengersintothewater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prostrate

B.overturn

C.simulate

D.brag

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prostrate“將……弄倒”；B選項(xiàng)overturn“推翻，傾覆”；C選項(xiàng)simulate“模仿，假裝”；D選項(xiàng)brag“吹牛，吹噓”。根據(jù)前面的關(guān)鍵詞“canoe獨(dú)木舟”，可知“overturn顛覆，傾翻”最符合題意，句意為：我們看見獨(dú)木舟翻了，把船上的乘客都掀進(jìn)水里。故選項(xiàng)B意思與之接近。

21.單選題

Lastyearaboothforsimultaneousinterpretationwasfinallysetup（

）governmentaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaidof

B.byvirtueof

C.inlightof

D.inrespectof

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inaidof“為了幫助”；B選項(xiàng)byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤保籆選項(xiàng)inlightof“根據(jù)；鑒于”；D選項(xiàng)inrespectof“關(guān)于，涉及”。governmentaid在句中做狀語，根據(jù)上下文可知byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤狈项}意，句意為：去年，在政府的援助下，終于建立了一個(gè)同聲傳譯的展位。故答案選B。

22.翻譯題

RawmaterialsandpartiallyfinishedgoodsaresenttospecialborderzonefactoriesinsideMexicowhereadditionalassemblyworkiscompletedonthegoods,whicharethentransferredbacktotheUnitedStates.Alldutiesarewaivedbybothgovernments,exceptonthevalueaddedbytheadditionalmanufacturingprocessestakingplaceinMexico.Obviously,themostdesirablebarterwouldbeforgoodsthefirmwouldotherwisehavetopurchaseontheopenmarket.Secondmostdesirablewouldbegoodsthattheglobalsourcingmanagerseesareadymarketforwherehardcurrencycanbeearnedfromtheirsale.

【答案】

原材料和半成品被送往墨西哥境內(nèi)的邊境特區(qū)工廠，在那里完成貨物的附加組裝工作，然后再被轉(zhuǎn)回美國。除了在墨西哥進(jìn)行的額外生產(chǎn)過程所增加的價(jià)值外，兩國政府對其他部分都放棄關(guān)稅。顯然，最理想的易貨交易對象是公司在自由市場上必須購買的商品。第二可取的是那些商品：全球采購經(jīng)理看到了一個(gè)現(xiàn)成的市場，可以從該商品的銷售中獲得硬通貨。

23.翻譯題

Duringlesseconomicallysophisticatedtimesinthepast,nationstendedtoraiseprotectivebarriersduringperiodsofeconomicdownturntopreservedomesticemploymentandthusdomesticeconomies.Intoday’sglobaleconomy,itisnotsoeasytosaythatprotectionismnecessarilypreservesanation’seconomywhenthefirmsoperatinginthateconomyareintertwinedwithoperationsandmarketsinmanyothernations.Rememberthatthegoalsindesigninganysystemareoptimizingtheoutputofthesystem,ratherthanoptimizinganysubcomponentofthatsystem.Infact,experiencehasshownthatafocusonoptimizinganysingleaspectofaglobalmanufacturingenterpriseusuallyleadstoasub-optimalsystemperformance.

【答案】

在過去經(jīng)濟(jì)不太發(fā)達(dá)的時(shí)期，各國往往會(huì)在經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期建立保護(hù)性壁壘，來保護(hù)國內(nèi)的就業(yè)，進(jìn)而保護(hù)國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)。在如今的經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化中，當(dāng)這種經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下運(yùn)作的公司與其他國家的公司和市場交織在一起，很難說保護(hù)主義一定能夠保護(hù)這個(gè)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)。記住，設(shè)計(jì)任何系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)都是為了優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)的輸出，而不是優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的組件。事實(shí)上，經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，專注于優(yōu)化全球制造企業(yè)的任何一個(gè)方面通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)性能的次優(yōu)。

24.單選題

Sheturneddownthewell-paidjob,（

）notabletopickupherfour-year-oldsonfromkindergarten.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeconsidered

B.considering

C.beingconsidered

D.havingconsidered

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。從非謂語動(dòng)詞做伴隨狀語的用法上分析，空格部分要填的動(dòng)詞和主語she存在邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，排除A和C選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)D是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語動(dòng)作之前，不符合語境。故選B為最佳答案。句意為：考慮到?jīng)]辦法接送四歲的兒子上幼兒園，她放棄了報(bào)酬豐厚的工作。

25.單選題

InWarTimes,manyweaknationswere（

）bythepowerfulones.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.monopolized

B.absorbed

C.combined

D.engaged

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)monopolize“完全控制”；B選項(xiàng)absorb“吸收；吸引；掌握”；C選項(xiàng)combine“聯(lián)合，結(jié)合”；D選項(xiàng)engage“參與；吸引（興趣）”。填入過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，由weaknations和thepowerfulones的關(guān)系可知monopolize“完全控制”的分詞monopolized符合題意，句意為：在戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)期，許多弱小的國家都被強(qiáng)大的國家控制。故答案選A。

26.單選題

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”,soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“Beautiful.”Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaos,bargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreeatthepriceset;thatwayIwasabletopayherthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.

Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft,too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinthemarketplace.Ifelttearsinmythroat.Iwantedtocry.Ididn’t,ofcourse.

Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.

Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.Iremovethepaper,andraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstothefloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecandlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!

Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn’tcry.

1.Accordingtothewriter,thewomaninthemarketplace.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

3.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman（

）.

4.Whenthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdidnotbecause（

）

.

5.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refusedtospeaktoher

B.waspleasantandattractive

C.wassellingskirtsandribbons

D.recognizeherimmediately

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thewriterwasusedtobargaining.

B.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.

C.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.

D.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable.

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney.

C.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore.

D.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shewasafraidofcryinginpublic.

B.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravely.

C.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.

D.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeeling.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.

B.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.

C.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.

D.Shewasovercomebyemotion.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“shemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.就像我通常見到的老撾女子一樣，她走起路來