住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-黑龍江大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Everypossiblemeans（

）tried,butthereisnoresult.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeen

B.hasbeen

C.willbe

D.were

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法。主語為“everypossiblemeans”為單數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。而且means與try之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：所有可行的辦法都嘗試了，但仍然沒有用。

2.單選題

（

）thattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Socleveraretheconstructionrobots

B.Soclevertheconstructionrobotsare

C.Suchconstructionrobotsareclever

D.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒裝。so…that和such…that句型中，so和such放于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝。故A項(xiàng)正確。句意：建筑機(jī)器人是如此聰明以至于它們最終減少了建筑工地上需要的90%的勞動(dòng)力。

3.單選題

Heiswellacquaintedwithmanyofthe（

）JesusChristtoldtohisfollowers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anecdotes

B.parables

C.legends

D.myths

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。anecdotes“奇聞?shì)W事”；parables“比喻，尤指《圣經(jīng)》里的寓言故事”；legends“傳說，傳奇”；myths“神話”。句意：他對(duì)許多耶穌告訴其追隨者的故事很熟悉。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Sincetheearlynineties,thetrendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demandalways-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer's（

）ratherthanthecompany's.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.benefit

B.availability

C.suitability

D.convenience

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。benefit“好處”；availability“可用性，有效性”；suitability“合適性”；convenience“方便，便利”。句意：自上世紀(jì)90年代初以來，大多數(shù)企業(yè)的趨勢(shì)一致是按需提供隨時(shí)可用的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，以滿足客戶的方便，而不是公司的方便。產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)對(duì)于客戶來說是提供了便利，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Whydowestillsunbathewhenweknowthedangersof___ourskintothesun?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.removing

B.exposing

C.revealing

D.rescuing

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.removing去除；移動(dòng)B.exposing暴露

C.revealing揭示D.rescuing拯救

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由空格后內(nèi)容ourskintothesun，結(jié)合邏輯關(guān)系，皮膚應(yīng)該是被暴露在陽光下。B符合邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】既然我們知道把皮膚暴露在陽光下是危險(xiǎn)的，為什么還要日光浴呢?

6.單選題

ThemostimportantdivideinAmericatodayisclass,notrace,andtheplacewhereitmattersmostisinthehome.Conservativeshavebeenbangingonaboutfamilybreakdownfordecades.Nowoneofthenation’smostprominentliberalscholarshasjoinedthechorus.

RobertPutnamisaformerdeanofHarvard’sKennedySchoolofGovernmentandtheauthorofBowlingAlone(2000),aninfluentialworkthatlamentedthedeclineofsocialcapitalinAmerica.Inhisnewbook,OurKids,hedescribesthegrowinggulfbetweenhowtherichandthepoorraisetheirchildren.

Amongtheeducatedelitethetraditionalfamilyisthriving:fewerthan10%ofbirthstofemalecollegegraduatesareoutsidemarriage—afigurethatisbarelyhigherthanitwasin1970.In2007amongwomenwithjustahigh-schooleducation,bycontrast,65%ofbirthswerenon-marital.Racemakesadifference:only2%ofbirthstowhitecollegegraduatesareout-of-wedlock,comparedwith80%amongAfrican-Americanswithnomorethanahigh-schooleducation,butneitherofthesefigureshaschangedmuchsincethe1970s.Howeverthenon-maritalbirthproportionamongthehigh-school-educatedwhiteshasquadrupled,to50%,andthesamefigureforcollege-educatedblackshasfallenbyathird,to25%.Thustheclassdivideisgrowingevenastheracialgapisshrinking.

Upbringingaffectsopportunity.Upper-middle-classhomesarenotonlyricher(withtwoprofessionalincomes)andmorestable:theyarealsomorenurturing.Inthe1970s,therewerepracticallynoclassdifferencesintheamountoftimethatparentsspenttalking,readingandplayingwithtoddlers.Nowthechildrenofcollege-educatedparentsreceive50%moreofwhatMr.Putnamcalls“GoodnightMoon”time(afterapopularbookforinfants).

Working-classparents,whohavelesssparecapacity,aremorelikelytodemandthattheirkidssimplyobeythem.Intheshortrunthissavestime,inthelongrunitpreventsthekidsfromlearningtoorganizetheirownlivesorthinkforthemselves.Poorparentingisthusabarriertosocialmobility,andisbecomingmoresoastheworldgrowsmorecomplexandtherewardsforsuperiorcognitiveskillsincrease.

Stunningly,Mr.Putnamfindsthatfamilybackgroundisabetterpredictorofwhetherornotachildwillgraduatefromuniversitythan8thgradetestscores.Kidsintherichestquarterwithlowtestscoresareasliketomakeitthroughcollegeaskidsinthepoorestquarterwithhighscores.

Mr.Putnamsuggestsagrab-bagofpoliciestohelppoorkidsreachtheirpotentialsuchasraisingsubsidiesforpoorfamilies,teachingthembetterparentingskills,improvingnurserycareandmakingafter-schoolbaseballclubsfree.Heurgesall50statestoexperimenttofindoutwhatworks.Aproblemthiscomplexhasnosimplesolution.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoMr.Putnam’snewbook?

2.“GoodnightMoon”time(Line5,Para.4)referstothetimeof（

）.

3.Wecaninferthatworking-classparents（

）.

4.WhatdoesMr.Putnam’sfindingabouttestscoressuggest?

5.Inthepassage,theauthormainlydiscusses（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Maritalbirthratealmostkeepsunchangedamongcollegegraduates.

B.Non-maritalbirthshavebeendecreasingamonghigh-schoolgraduates.

C.African-Americanshavegivenbirthtomorenon-maritalchildren.

D.Morehigh-school-educatedwhiteshavechildrenbeforemarriage.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.providingopportunityforkids

B.givingmorenourishmenttokids

C.beinginvolvedintheeducationofkids

D.readingpopularbookstoinfants

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tendtobemorestrictwithchild

B.forbidkidstothinkindependently

C.overlookchangesofthesociety

D.needtrainingforeducation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Studentsfromrichfamiliesdon’tneedtostudyhard.

B.Parentaleducationaffectskids’academicresultsgreatly.

C.Kidsinpoorfamiliescanhardlygraduatefromcolleges.

D.Familybackgroundcanmakeupforacademicflaws.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.howparentsshouldbringuptheirchildren

B.howfamilybackgroundinfluencesschooling

C.whatthegreatestbarriertosocialmobilityis

D.variousclasseseducatekidsdifferently

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第三段“Amongtheeducatedelitethetraditionalfamilyisthriving:fewerthan10%ofbirthstofemalecollegegraduatesareoutsidemarriage—afigurethatisbarelyhigherthanitwasin1970.在受過良好教育的精英階層中，傳統(tǒng)家庭正在蓬勃發(fā)展:女性大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的非婚生育比例不到10%——這一數(shù)字僅比1970年高了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)?！笨赏浦髮W(xué)畢業(yè)生結(jié)婚后生育率幾乎沒有太大變化。故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“在高中畢業(yè)群體中，非婚生子女一直在減少”，文章只是在第三段第四句中提到高中教育程度的白人生育非婚生子女的情況增加了，故排除；C項(xiàng)“非裔美國(guó)人非婚生子女更多”，作者主要從不同教育階層比較非婚生子女的比例，并沒有整體比較白人和非裔美國(guó)人的非婚生子女情況，故排除；D項(xiàng)“更多高中教育程度的白人在婚前生子”，作者在本段第四句提到高中教育程度的白人非婚生子女率有所提高，這與婚前生子概念不同，因此D項(xiàng)與原文意思不符，故排除。

2.詞義題。由第四段“Inthe1970s,therewerepracticallynoclassdifferencesintheamountoftimethatparentsspenttalking,readingandplayingwithtoddlers.Nowthechildrenofcollege-educatedparentsreceive50%moreofwhatMr.Putnamcalls‘GoodnightMoon’time(afterapopularbookforinfants).在20世紀(jì)70年代，父母花在與幼兒交談、閱讀和玩耍上的時(shí)間幾乎沒有階級(jí)差異?，F(xiàn)在，受過大學(xué)教育的父母的孩子得到的時(shí)間比帕特南所說的《晚安，月亮》多了50%?！笨赏茢喑鯣oodnightMoontime是指父母參與孩子教育的時(shí)間，故C項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第五段“Working-classparents,whohavelesssparecapacity,aremorelikelytodemandthattheirkidssimplyobeythem.Intheshortrunthissavestime,inthelongrunitpreventsthekidsfromlearningtoorganizetheirownlivesorthinkforthemselves.工薪階層的父母，他們的空閑時(shí)間更少，更有可能要求他們的孩子簡(jiǎn)單地服從他們。從短期來看，這樣做節(jié)省了時(shí)間，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，這樣做會(huì)阻礙孩子們學(xué)會(huì)安排自己的生活或獨(dú)立思考?！笨芍ば诫A層父母對(duì)孩子的養(yǎng)育方式不正確，他們應(yīng)該接受教育培訓(xùn)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

4.由倒數(shù)第二段“Stunningly,Mr.Putnamfindsthatfamilybackgroundisabetterpredictorofwhetherornotachildwillgraduatefromuniversitythan8thgradetestscores.Kidsintherichestquarterwithlowtestscoresareasliketomakeitthroughcollegeaskidsinthepoorestquarterwithhighscores.令人驚訝的是，帕特南發(fā)現(xiàn)，家庭背景比八年級(jí)考試成績(jī)更能預(yù)示一個(gè)孩子能否從大學(xué)畢業(yè)。在最富裕的地區(qū)考試分?jǐn)?shù)低的孩子和在最貧窮的地區(qū)考試分?jǐn)?shù)高的孩子一樣有可能讀完大學(xué)?！笨芍Y(jié)合上面兩段對(duì)不同階層參與教育和教育方式的差別可知，這能夠反映出父母的家庭教育對(duì)孩子學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)的影響，故答案為B。A項(xiàng)“來自富裕家庭的孩子不必努力學(xué)習(xí)”，第六段第二句雖然提到考試成績(jī)不及貧困家庭孩子的富裕家庭的學(xué)生也有機(jī)會(huì)從大學(xué)畢業(yè)，但這主要是說明家庭教育的影響，而不是說他們可以不努力讀書，故排除；C項(xiàng)“貧困家庭的孩子幾乎很難從大學(xué)畢業(yè)”，文章并沒有比較兩種家庭孩子大學(xué)畢業(yè)的整體情況，更沒有說貧困家庭的孩子難以大學(xué)畢業(yè)，故排除；D項(xiàng)“家庭背景可以彌補(bǔ)學(xué)業(yè)上的不足”，該句似是而非，原文實(shí)際上是說家庭教育可以幫助學(xué)生提高學(xué)業(yè)水平，而不是直接彌補(bǔ)學(xué)業(yè)上的不足，故排除。

5.主旨大意題。本文第一段指出當(dāng)今美國(guó)最重要的分裂是階層分裂而不是種族分裂。第四段比較了不同階層的父母在教育方式及教育參與程度的差異，反映了家庭背景對(duì)孩子學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)的影響。故B項(xiàng)“家庭背景影響孩子的學(xué)業(yè)”正確。

7.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe___oflessons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.observation觀察；監(jiān)視B.investigation調(diào)查；調(diào)查研究

C.inspection視察；檢查D.examination考試；檢查

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，教師實(shí)習(xí)的學(xué)生經(jīng)常去學(xué)校參加培訓(xùn)，培訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容是forthe____oflessons，由此可以推斷出進(jìn)行教師實(shí)習(xí)的學(xué)生是去本地的學(xué)校觀察上課。observation指一段時(shí)間內(nèi)仔細(xì)觀察某人/某事物的行為，尤指為了學(xué)習(xí)某事物。因此A.observation“觀察”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)investigation指對(duì)某一情況、犯罪等事實(shí)的官方審查，或者是對(duì)某一主題或問題的事實(shí)進(jìn)行的科學(xué)或?qū)W術(shù)檢查，而本句重點(diǎn)在于去觀察當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的課程，不屬于犯罪等事實(shí)，也不屬于科學(xué)或?qū)W術(shù)檢查；

C選項(xiàng)inspection指對(duì)學(xué)校、工廠等的正式訪問，以檢查規(guī)章是否被遵守，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是否可接受，教師實(shí)習(xí)的學(xué)生并不是正式訪問，排除；

D選項(xiàng)examination指仔細(xì)檢查（某事物/某人），尤指檢查是否有問題或找出問題的原因，不符合句子語境。

【句意】在他們的第一個(gè)教師培訓(xùn)年，學(xué)生們經(jīng)常去當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校觀察課程。

8.單選題

Thecompanyresearchedthemarketdemandanddecidedto___theirnewproduct.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.launch

B.invent

C.convey

D.conflict

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.launch發(fā)射（導(dǎo)彈、火箭等）；推出(新產(chǎn)品)B.invent發(fā)明

C.convey傳達(dá)；運(yùn)輸D.conflict沖突；抵觸

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)marketdemand和newproduct兩個(gè)短語的邏輯可知：因?yàn)橛辛耸袌?chǎng)需求，所以推出新產(chǎn)品。A選項(xiàng)launch“推出”符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】這家公司研究了市場(chǎng)需求，決定推出新產(chǎn)品。

9.單選題

Obviously,thereisa(n)___thatmanagementonlywantstocutcosts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concentration

B.ambiguity

C.perception

D.facility

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.concentration專心；集合B.ambiguity含糊；不明確

C.perception認(rèn)識(shí)能力；知覺；看法D.facility設(shè)施；設(shè)備

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格后thatmanagementonlywantstocutcosts（管理層只想削減成本）為同位語從句，解釋說明空格的內(nèi)容，“管理層只想削減成本”這是一種看法。C.perception“看法”符合語境。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均不符合語境。

【句意】有一種看法認(rèn)為，管理層只想削減成本。

10.單選題

Theexamwouldfinishat11:30,westillhave10minutes___beforewehandinourpaper.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inhand

B.incase

C.inthenameof

D.intheway

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.inhand在手頭；在進(jìn)行中B.incase萬一；假使

C.inthenameof以……的名義D.intheway妨礙；擋道

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，前半句表示考試將在十一點(diǎn)半結(jié)束，空格前表示我們還有十分鐘，空格后為交卷前，引申含義為我們還有十分鐘交卷，即卷子在手中還有十分鐘。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】考試將在11點(diǎn)半結(jié)束，在交卷之前我們還有10分鐘。

11.單選題

Aknockatthedooragain!Itwasthethirdtimesomeone（

）methatevening.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasinterrupted

B.hadinterrupted

C.tohaveinterrupted

D.wouldhaveinterrupted

【答案】B

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。由was和thatevening可知事情發(fā)生在過去。在某個(gè)時(shí)刻為止已經(jīng)在發(fā)生的事情，故用過去完成時(shí)。句意：又有人在敲門，那晚已經(jīng)是第三次有人打擾我了。故B項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

TheWallensteinstudyindicatesthatevenafteradecadeyoungmenandwomenstillexperiencesomeoftheeffectsofadivorce（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatoccurredwhenachild

B.thatoccurredwhentheywerechildren

C.thathasoccurredaseachwasachild

D.occurringwhenchildren

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法。分析句子成分可知空格處所填成分為定語，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：瓦倫斯坦的研究表明，即使過了十年，年輕男女仍然會(huì)受到父母離婚的影響，這些離婚是在他們還是孩子時(shí)發(fā)生的。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Anairplane（

）inthemountain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crashed

B.smashed

C.clashed

D.crushed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。crash“損毀，墜毀”；smash“粉碎，使破產(chǎn)”；clash“發(fā)出撞擊聲，碰撞”；crush“壓壞，損壞”。句意：飛機(jī)在山區(qū)墜毀了。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Aftertheelection,anewsituationislikelyto（

）.?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rise

B.raise

C.arise

D.arouse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。rise“上升，增強(qiáng)”；raise“提升，增加，養(yǎng)育”；arise“出現(xiàn)，上升，起立”；arouse“引起，喚醒，鼓勵(lì)”。句意：選舉之后，一種新形勢(shì)可能要出現(xiàn)了。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Herhusbandisinterestedindesigningelectronic（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.management

B.safety

C.devices

D.routine

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。management“管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)”；safety“安全”；device“設(shè)備”；routine“例行公事，常規(guī)”。electronicdevices“電子設(shè)備”。句意：她丈夫?qū)υO(shè)計(jì)電子設(shè)備感興趣。故C項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

WalterAnderson___theHoratioAlgerSocietythesameyearIdid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.joinstheranksof

B.jointherankof

C.joinedtherankof

D.joinedtheranksof

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.joinstheranksof成為……的一員B.jointherankof加入……的階層

C.joinedtherankof加入了……的階層D.joinedtheranksof成為了……的一員

【考察點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)人應(yīng)該是加入了某個(gè)團(tuán)體組織的成員。所以用ranksof，表示加入了……（團(tuán)體或組織的成員）。句中thesameyearIdid是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語，Idid做時(shí)間狀語中的定語，因此該句應(yīng)該為過去式。所以選D

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后進(jìn)行搭配。

【句意】沃爾特?安德森在我加入的同一年加入了霍雷肖?阿爾杰協(xié)會(huì)。

17.單選題

Thepersonwho（

）thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.originated

B.manufactured

C.generated

D.estimated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。originate“引起，創(chuàng)作”；manufacture“制造，加工”；generate“生成，使發(fā)生”；estimate“估計(jì)，判斷”。句意：發(fā)起這項(xiàng)研究的人值得贊揚(yáng)。只有A項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Studiesshowthatmostadoptedchildrenwanttoknowwhotheir（

）parentsare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.first

C.primitive

D.origin

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。naturalparents“親生父母”。句意：研究表明，大多數(shù)被收養(yǎng)的孩子都想知道自己的親生父母是誰。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Themicroscopecan（

）theobject100timesindiameter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnify

B.increase

C.develop

D.multiply

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。magnify“放大，擴(kuò)大”；increase“增加”；develop“發(fā)展，開發(fā)”；multiply“增加，繁殖”。句意：顯微鏡可以把一個(gè)物體的直徑放大一百倍。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.單選題

BarbaraStrozziwasasingerandcomposerofmadrigalsariasandcantataspublishedinVenicebetween1644and1664.Heruseofthesevocalformsplacesherdirectlywithinthecantatatraditionofthemid-seventeenthcentury,alongwithsuchmayorfigureasRossi,Carissimi,andCesti.WiththenotableexceptionofFrancescaCaccioi(1587-1640),sheistheonlyknownwomanamongthemanyariaandcantatacomposersofseventeenth-centuryItaly,andis,presumably,amongtheveryfewwomenoftheperiodtohavepursuedacareerasacomposerandtohaveachievedsomemeasureofpublicrecognition.

Thishistoricaldistinctionattractedattentiontoherworksearlyinthepresentcentury,evenwhenthemusicofmostofhermalecontemporaries,and,indeed,mostwomencomposersofanyera,remainedrelativelyignored.Butappreciationofherstylewaslimitedbyprevailingconventiontoanisolationofitssupposedlyfemininequalities:“greatspontaneity,exquisitegrace,marvelouslyfinetaste.”Suchanappreciationnowappearsirrelevantaswellaspolemicalinitsincompletenessbecauseweareinabetterposition-withregardtobothhistoricalknowledgeandsocialawareness-toattemptamorepreciseevaluationforasomewhatanomalous(unusual)figurelikeBarbaraStrozzi.

Bornin1619inVenice,shegrewupinthehomeofGiulioStrozzi,arenownedpoetandleadingfigureamongVenetianintellectuals.Barbara’spresenceinGiulio’shouseholdguaranteedheranearlyandfullexposuretoVenetianmusicalandliterarysociety.Indeed,shewasabletoenteraworldthatwas,apparently,closedtoothermembersofhersex.Similarly,FrancescaCaccini,themostprominentandsuccessfulItalianwomancomposeroftheperiod,wasthedaughterofprofessionmusiciansandthereforeexposedtomusicfrominfancy.Thisparallelsuggeststhatsuchanenvironmentmayhavebeenessentialforthedevelopmentofafemalecomposer.

1.Accordingtothepassage,BarbaraStrozzi’smusicattractedattentionearlyinthetwentiethcenturybecauseof（

）.

2.Theauthor’suseoftheword“supposedly”(line4,Para.2)implieswhichofthefollowing?

3.TheauthorofthepassagebasesherassertionthatStrozziisoneoftheveryfewseventeenth-centuryItalianwomencomposersonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwasmostessentialtothesuccessofbothFrancescaCacciniandBarbaraStrozzi?

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingmadeBarbaraStrozzi“asomewhatanomalousfigure”EXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itsuniquelyprivatecharacter

B.itsinfluenceonFrancescaCaccini

C.thescarcityofseventeenth-centurywomencomposers

D.theunconventionalityofitsforms

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthordoubtsthehistoricalauthenticityofthequotationthatfollows.

B.Theauthordoubtstheaccuracyofthefactssheisreporting.

C.Theauthordisagreeswiththejudgmentsheisdiscussing.

D.TheauthordoesnotbelievethatStrozzi9smusichasthequalitiescitedinthequotation.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Publicrecognitionisanindispensablepartofacareerasacomposer.

B.StrozziandCacciniwereinfluencedbythesamecomposers.

C.Themusicofanywomancomposerwhomherseventeenth-centurycontemporariesregardedasnoteworthywouldbeknowntomodemscholars.

D.Thecantatatraditionofthemed-seventeenthcenturyincludescomposersscholarsandperformersofmadrigalsandariasaswellascantatas.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheirpresenceinVeniceatatimewhenvocalmusicnourished.

B.Theirearlyfirsthandexposuretomusicandmusicians.

C.Thelackofcompetitionfromothercomposers.

D.Thepopularityofmadrigalsandcantatasinseventeenth-centuryItaly.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.shewasawomancomposerduringtheseventeenthcentury

B.shedidnotwritedramaticworksforvoice

C.shedidnotperformoperaticworks

D.shewrotemovingvocalworks

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到這一歷史上的與眾不同在本世紀(jì)初吸引了人們對(duì)她作品的關(guān)注，而這時(shí)大多數(shù)和她同時(shí)代的男性作曲家，甚至任何時(shí)代的女性作曲家的作品，仍然相對(duì)被忽視（Thishistoricaldistinctionattractedattentiontoherworksearlyinthepresentcentury,evenwhenthemusicofmostofhermalecontemporaries,and,indeed,mostwomencomposersofanyera,remainedrelativelyignored），由此可知她的作品之所以吸引別人的關(guān)注是因?yàn)樗髌返呐c眾不同，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第二段提到對(duì)她風(fēng)格的欣賞受到了主流傳統(tǒng)的限制，局限于對(duì)其女性化特質(zhì)的孤立：自發(fā)性、精致的優(yōu)雅、絕妙的品味（Butappreciationofherstylewaslimitedbyprevailingconventiontoanisolationofitssupposedlyfemininequalities:“greatspontaneity,exquisitegrace,marvelouslyfinetaste”），由此可知作者并不贊成這種觀點(diǎn)，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第一段最后一句話提到她是十七世紀(jì)意大利眾多詠嘆調(diào)和大合唱作曲家中唯一知名的女性，而且她是那個(gè)時(shí)期為數(shù)不多的從事作曲家事業(yè)并獲得一定程度的公眾認(rèn)可的女性之一（sheistheonlyknownwomanamongthemanyariaandcantatacomposersofseventeenth-centuryItaly,andis,presumably,amongtheveryfewwomenoftheperiodtohavepursuedacareerasacomposerandtohaveachievedsomemeasureofpublicrecognition），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到芭芭拉很早就接觸了威尼斯音樂和文學(xué)社會(huì)（Barbara’spresenceinGiulio’shouseholdguaranteedheranearlyandfullexposuretoVenetianmusicalandliterarysociety），接著提到了成功的意大利女性作曲家卡西尼從嬰兒時(shí)期就接觸音樂（Similarly,FrancescaCaccini,themostprominentandsuccessfulItalianwomancomposeroftheperiod,wasthedaughterofprofessionmusiciansandthereforeexposedtomusicfrominfancy），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，除了選項(xiàng)A“她是17世紀(jì)女作曲家”不是她不尋常的原因外，其他三項(xiàng)都是。

21.單選題

Withhisstrongaccent,it’shardto___whathe’stryingtosay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.handout

B.sortout

C.sendout

D.figureout

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.handout分發(fā)B.sortout挑選出；分類

C.sendout發(fā)送；派遣D.figureout想出；弄明白

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】固定句型itis+形容詞+forsbtodosth，對(duì)某人來說做……是……的。With短語做原因狀語。句意為因?yàn)樗目谝?，我們很難聽清他在嘗試說什么。綜上所述，D選項(xiàng)figureout“想出、弄明白”可引申為此句所需的邏輯“弄清”以滿足上述條件。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】他的口音很重，很難聽懂他想說什么。

22.單選題

Thelocalgovernmentisplanningtomake（

）fortheelderlypeopleinahousingprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provision

B.admittance

C.assistance

D.condition

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。provision“準(zhǔn)備，規(guī)定，條款”；admittance“進(jìn)入，入場(chǎng)權(quán)，通道”；assistance“幫助，援助”；condition“條件，情況，環(huán)境”。makeprovisionfor“為將來需要、困難做準(zhǔn)備”。句意：當(dāng)?shù)卣?jì)劃在住房項(xiàng)目上給老年人提供幫助。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

23.單選題

Thejudgecriticizedthelawyerbecausehedidn’tkeephisremarkstothetopic（

）discussion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.under

C.with

D.for

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。underdiscussion“在討論中”。句意：法官批評(píng)了律師，因?yàn)樗麤]有在討論中就這個(gè)話題發(fā)表言論。B項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Thesunisnotgrowingweaker,yetitslightappearstobedimming.Between1960and1990,somescientistsbelieve,theamountofsolarradiationreachingEarth’ssurfacemayhavedeclinedasmuchas10%—andinsomeplaces,HongKong,forexample,morethan35%.

Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck,saysVeerabhadranRamanthan,anatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thenthefullimpactofthebuildupofgreenhousegaseshasyettobefelt.Thisweek,attheAmericanGeophysicalUnionmeetinginMontreal,Ramanathanandotherswillbepresentingthelatestdataonthesolar-dimmingproblemandponderingitsimplicationsfortheclimatesystemasawhole.

Manyscenariosforglobalwarming,forexample,invokeaspeedupinthehydrologicalcyclebywhichwaterevaporatesandthencomesdownasrain.Thecoolingproducedbysolardimming,however,mayslowtherateofevaporation,whilehigherupintheatmospherethepollutantsresponsibleforabsorbingandreflectingsunlightarelikelytointerferewiththeprocessthatproducesrain.

Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.

Manyquestionsremain,includingthetrueextentofthedimming.Oneanalysispegstheaverageworldwidedarkeningtobeabout4%overthreedecades,whileanothercomputesittobemorethantwicethatmuch.TherearealsoquestionsaboutthereliabilityofthedevicesthatmeasurethesunlightreachingEarth’ssurface.Knownasradiometers,theseinstrumentsarenothingmorethanflat,blacksolarcollectorscappedwithglass.Theyaresometimesfinicky:asmudgeofdirtoraspeckofdustcancausebogusreadingsandchangethecalculatedresults.

Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.AsRamanthanputsit,“It’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”—anditcouldturnouttobeaverybiggorillaindeed.

1.Bytug-of-war,(line4,Paragraph2),theauthormeans（

）.

2.Howdothescientistsfeelaboutthecurrentclimatesituation?

3.Whenmentioning“it’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”(Line4,Paragraph6),theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcannotserveasfactorofcausingthecoolingsurfaceoftheplanet?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferenteffectofsolardimmingandglobalwarming

B.theimpactofthesolardimmingontheclimatesystem

C.theinfluenceofthesolardimmingontheglobalwarming

D.theinteractionbetweenthesolardimmingandglobalwarming

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Serious

B.Optimistic

C.Carefree

D.Panicked

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.scientistshouldhaveacloselookatthesolardimmingproblem

B.wearefacinganewproblemwhichisverycomplicatedanddifficulttomanage

C.wearejustbeginningtohaveresearchonthisnewfield

D.thenewsolardimmingproblemisbeyondscientists’abilitytotackle

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thelackoftherainintheplanet.

B.Theincreasingofthepollutants.

C.Theformingoftheclouddroplets.

D.Thelessweightoftheclouddroplets.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theinstrumentsusedinthestudyaretoosimpletofunctionwell.

B.Livingthingsintheearthwillbegreatlyinfluencedbysolardimming.

C.Thereisstillalongwaytogointhestudyofsolardimming.

D.Thefindingsthatthesolardimminghasinfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetaredoubtful.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.詞義題。由第二段“Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.發(fā)生了什么事?在這30年里，空氣污染的加劇——尤其是在亞洲——在云層增加的幫助下，可能對(duì)地球表面產(chǎn)生了降溫的影響，而二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體卻在促使大氣變暖。這種拉鋸戰(zhàn)對(duì)氣候系統(tǒng)的影響可能極其難以理清。”可知tug-of-war指全球變暖以及云層增加導(dǎo)致地面降溫，太陽變暗的相互作用。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第二段“Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck…與此同時(shí)，沒有比這更緊迫的任務(wù)了。因?yàn)槿绻蛭廴局L(zhǎng)了全球變暖的話……?！笨芍茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為當(dāng)前的氣候形勢(shì)是十分嚴(yán)峻的。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。通讀最后一段“Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.換句話說，太陽變暗仍然是一個(gè)仍在界定過程中的問題，隨著它的范圍變得更清楚，世界所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的性質(zhì)也將更清楚。盡管科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)對(duì)全球變暖做了很多思考，但他們剛剛開始解決全球變暖和太陽變暗如何相互作用的問題?！笨芍栕儼颠@個(gè)問題，科學(xué)家們還才剛剛開始研究，還有很多東西需要了解。最后以Ramanthan的話結(jié)尾，那么結(jié)尾語應(yīng)該與上文呼應(yīng)，即太陽變暗這個(gè)問題，還才開始，比較難以處理。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。通讀第四段“Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.為什么?這些污染物以被稱為氣溶膠的微小空氣微粒的形式存在，它們充當(dāng)云滴形成的核心。問題是，大氣中有太多的懸浮顆粒在爭(zhēng)奪水分子，所以形成的云滴太小，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)重到足以落到地面。哥倫比亞大學(xué)拉蒙特-多爾蒂地球觀測(cè)站的大氣物理學(xué)家貝亞特?利佩特說，這樣一來，大氣層就會(huì)充滿水分，而地球表面卻渴望雨水?！笨芍狝項(xiàng)“地球缺少雨水”是結(jié)果，而非原因。B項(xiàng)“污染物的增加”，C項(xiàng)“云滴的形成”，D項(xiàng)“云滴的重量較輕”都是導(dǎo)致地球大氣層溫度低的原因。

5.推理判斷題。本文最后一段提到對(duì)于太陽變暗這個(gè)問題?？茖W(xué)家的研究還才剛開始，還有很多東西不了解，故C項(xiàng)“在太陽變暗這個(gè)問題的研究上還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走”正確。

25.單選題

Althoughtheinventionoftheprintingpressledtoasignificantreconceptualizationoftextualproductioninthe15thcentury,（

）theinventionofthecomputer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nolesssignificantinthe20thcenturyis

B.nolesssignificantinthe20thcenturywas

C.whatwasequallysignificantinthe20thcenturywere

D.whathasbeenequallysignificantinthe20this

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法。although表讓步關(guān)系，noless“不相上下”。句意：盡管印刷機(jī)的發(fā)明在15世紀(jì)引起了對(duì)文本生產(chǎn)的重大重新認(rèn)識(shí)，但20世紀(jì)計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)明也不相上下。20世紀(jì)計(jì)算機(jī)的發(fā)明已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故用一般過去時(shí)，再結(jié)合although表讓步關(guān)系，可知noless能與其構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系。故B項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Hewasafraidhewouldhaveto（

）herinvitationtotheparty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refute

B.reject

C.return

D.decline

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。refute“駁倒，反駁，用證據(jù)證明是假的”；reject“拒絕，謝絕，指斷然拒絕接受某人或某物或要求”；return“返回”；decline“婉拒”。句意：他擔(dān)心他將不得不拒絕她的參加聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。婉拒符合題意。故D項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

Didyounoticeherpaleface?Ithinkshewasnotquite（

）atthepartyyesterday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.her

B.she

C.herself

D.itself

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。benotoneself“表示身體不舒服”。句意：你注意到她蒼白的臉沒？我覺得在昨天的聚會(huì)上，她不太舒服。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

28.翻譯題

Irememberafilm,Iforgetwhatitwascalled,inwhichfourpeoplewereinterrogatedaboutthecharacterandlife-styleofawomanwhohadbeenmurdered.Allofthemhadknownherwell,buttoeachofthem,shepresentedadifferentside.Themanwholovedhersawherasamusing,intelligentandextravagant.Th