Unit4SpaceExploration詞匯學習2+語篇訓練(教師版)【新教材精創(chuàng)】2020-2021學年高一英語新教材知識講學(人教版必修第三冊)Step1詞匯運用檢測Task1CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinthisunitaccordingtotheChinesemeaning.Subwayisaconvenientvehicleforthosewhitecollars.

地鐵對于白領(lǐng)階層來說是很方便的交通工具。Manisthesouloftheuniverse.人是萬物之靈。Therewasadeterminedlookonhisface.他臉上帶著一副堅決的表情。Chancewilldeterminetheoutcome.機緣將決定結(jié)果Troopmovementscanbeobservedfromspacebyasatellite.

藉助衛(wèi)星可觀察到部隊的調(diào)動。Thecompanyresearchedthemarketdemandanddecidedtolaunchtheirnewproduct.

這家公司調(diào)查了市場需求，決定推出新產(chǎn)品。Thelaunchwasdelayedbyatechnicalhitch.由于技術(shù)上出現(xiàn)臨時故障而發(fā)射延期.Wehavegotgoodmediacoverageforthelaunchofthenewmodel.

傳播媒介對我們的新型產(chǎn)品投放市場作了有利的報導。HouKoudistrictfellintoJapaneseorbitbeforetheoutbreakofthesecondsino-Japanwar.

虹口區(qū)在抗日戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前就已落入日本人手中。Theycouldnotlaytheirfingersonthereasonfortherocket'sfailuretoorbit.

他們找不出火箭不能進入軌道的原因。Makeonemoreorbittotheleftagain.左轉(zhuǎn)彎再盤旋一圈。Theherosmotethegiantwithhissword.英雄用劍猛劈巨人。Thatisonesmallstepforaman,butonegiantleapformankind.

對于個人來說那是小小的一步,但對于整個人類來說卻是一次巨大的飛越。Specialcagesaremadetoprotectthemfromgiantfish.

為了保護他們免受大魚的侵襲,人們做了特制的籠子。Ileapforjoyatthegoodnews.我一聽到這個好消息高興得跳了起來。Task2單句語法填空China'sspaceprogrammestartedlaterthanthoseofRussiaandtheUS,butithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecamethethird(three)countryintheworldtoindependentlysendhumansintospacein2003,whenYangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft.ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalkfollowed(follow)bythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Morerecently,ChinahassentChange4toexplore(explore)thesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.Thefutureofspaceexplorationremainsbright.Europe,theUS,andChinaallhaveplanstofurtherstudyandexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Despitethedifficulties,scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstand(understand)howtheuniversebegan,butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwasting(wast)timeandmoneyexploringspace.Instead,weshouldfeedtheworldspoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhich/thatfailstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.IthasdirectlyresultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.Thenthedataistransmitted(transmit)toscientistsonEarth.Aftercarefulanalysis,thescientistscanprovideuseful(use)recommendationsandadviceforfarmers.Asaresultspace-basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth’sincreasing(increase)population.Task3選詞填空完成句子。carryonagencyleapdesiresdisappointedonboardongoingmankindtransmitdataTheboytookaleapfromthewindow.

2.Mankindlearnsitsfirstlanguageinearlychildhood.

3.Igotthisjobthroughanemploymentagency.

4.Gypsies(吉普賽人)frequentlytransmitrecipesorallywithinthefamily.

5.Thedatashouldbeupdatedonceaweek.

6.Adisappointedlookcameintohisface.

7.Shedesiresforabreakthroughinherresearch.

8.We'llcarryonourconversationtomorrow.

9.Thisproblemmaybetemporaryorongoing.

10.Manyofthetouristsonboardhadbegunbargainingwiththetradesman.

Task4Translation.Thewordsandexpressionsinthebracketsmayhelpyou.他一躍就跳過了小溪。(stream;leap)Hegotoverthestreamwithasingleleap.

2.耶穌的贖罪是為了人類的罪惡。(atonement;sin;mankind)Christ'satonementisforthesinsofmankind.

3.請轉(zhuǎn)達我向您嬌妻的致意。(transmit;bestregards)Pleasetransmitmybestregardstoyourlovelywife.

4.恐怕你對我是非常失望的。(disappointed)I'mafraidyou'reverydisappointedwithme.

5.我心中充滿了回家的渴望。(desire)Iamfilledwiththedesiretogobackhome.

6.年輕人沒有在政府部門工作的意愿。(desire)Youngpeoplehavenodesiretoworkforthegovernment.

7.每個人都向往生活在一個無憂無慮的世界里。(desireto...)Everyonedesirestoliveinaworldfreeofworriesandpains.

8.經(jīng)過短暫的休息，比賽繼續(xù)進行。(goon)Afterashortbreak,thematchwenton.

9.警方的調(diào)查在持續(xù)進行中。(investigation;ongoing)Thepoliceinvestigationisongoing.

10.你應(yīng)該學習不要依賴父母。(beindependentof...)Youshouldlearntobeindependentofyourparents.

Step2語篇提升訓練Task1閱讀理解RickGuidottiputasidehiscareerasafashionphotographertoturnhislens(鏡頭)topeoplelivingwithgenetic，physicalandbehavioraldifferences.Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl.“Iwasjusttiredofpeopletellingmewhowasbeautiful.EveryseasonthatfacewouldchangebutIwasalwaystoldwhowasbeautiful.Asanartist，Idon'tseebeautyjustoncoversofmagazines.Iseeiteverywhere.Sothatwasmyoriginalintention—thatopenedmyeyesalittlewiderandwider.”GuidottihascreatedPositiveExposure，anotforprofitorganizationthatusesphotographyandvideototransformpublicperceptionsandpromoteaworldwheredifferencesarecelebrated.GuidottiandPositiveExposurearefeaturedinanewdocumentarycalledOnBeauty.OneofthewomenfeaturedinthefilmisJayneWaithera.“IneverthoughtIwasbeautifulbecausenobodysaidthattome，butmeetinghimwasmyprofoundmoment.Irememberthatparticularday.HetookmypictureandIfeltsogoodlikeIfeltthere'ssomebodywho，like，reallylovesmeandseesmeforwhoIamandwhoseesmemorethanmycondition.”GuidottiistravelingfromcitytocitytopromoteOnBeauty.Hesayshistourisnotaboutmoney;it'saboutthemessage：“AsItravelfromcommunitytocommunity，I'mtakingphotographsandI'mempoweringindividualswithapositivesenseofwhotheyare.They'reseeingbeautyintheirreflectionbutI'malsoempoweringtheirfamiliesandtheyinturnareempoweringtheircommunitiesaswell.Allisbasedonthephilosophyofchange—howyousee，howyouchange.”語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了時尚攝影師RickGuidotti將其鏡頭轉(zhuǎn)向在遺傳、生理和行為方面有差異的人，用鏡頭尋找另一種美的故事。1．WhydidGuidottichangehiscareer?A．Becausehecouldn'tearnenoughmoneyfromhisformercareer.B．Becausethebeautyoncoversofmagazinesisnotbeautiful.C．Becausehewantedtocreatehisowncompany.D．Becausehiscomprehensionofbeautychangedowingtoanalbinogirl.D[考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hesayswhatchangedhisperceptionofbeautywasachanceencounterwithanalbino(患白化病的)girl”可知，與一個患白化病的女孩的邂逅改變了他對美的看法，進而改變了他的職業(yè)，故選D。]2．WhatcanweknowaboutPositiveExposure?A．ItbringsalotofmoneyforGuidotti.B．Itmakesthepublicmorebeautiful.C．Itwelcomesdifferencesintheworld.D．Itmakesphotographymorepopular.C[考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，PositiveExposure是一個非營利組織，它利用攝影和錄像來轉(zhuǎn)變公眾的認知并宣揚一個歌頌差異的世界，故選C。]3．WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningJayneinparagraph4?A．Jaynewasbeautifulindeed.B．PhotographsgaveJayneapositivesenseofwhoshewas.C．ItwasunfairthatnobodydiscoveredJayne'sbeauty.D．Jayne'spicturewasmorebeautifulthanherself.B[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，Jayne說她從來沒有想過自己是美麗的，但Guidotti給她拍照的那天，她感覺非常開心，就好像有人是真的因為她而喜歡她，有人真正地看到了她，而不是她身上的病。由此可推知，照片使Jayne認識了真正的自己，看到了自身的美麗，故選B。]4．Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Weshouldtravelfrequently.B．Communitieshaveagreatinfluenceoneveryone.C．Weshouldmakecontributionstoourcommunity.D．Yourattitudetoseeingtheworlddecidesyourbehavior.D[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，你怎么看一件事，你就會作出怎樣的改變。也就是說，你看待世界的態(tài)度決定了你的行為，故選D。]BTellingsomeonetheyarenothiredisneveraneasyjob，butallhiringmanagerswillfacethisdifficultsituationmanytimesintheircareers.Whileeveryonefearsdenialsonsomelevel，itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitinwitheveryjob.Further，therearetimeswhentheapplicantqualitywillbesogreat，adecisiontorejectanapplicantmaynotstandforthatapplicant'sabilitiesbuttheoverallqualityofthefield.Thereareanumberofmethodsthatcanbeusedtogetthemessageacrossthatapersonisnothired.Inmanycases，especiallyforthosewhohaveneverbeencalledforaninterview，asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.Inothercases，wheresomeonemayhavebeencalledforaninterview，aphonecallorlettercouldbechosentodeliverthemessagethattheywerenothired.Incaseswheretheremaybeanongoingrelationshipwiththepersonnothired，itmaybebesttobreakthenewsinperson，thoughthishastheobviouspotentialofbeingmoreuncomfortable.Aboveall，itisbesttoalwaysbehonestwiththosewhodidn'tgetthejob.Lyingisneveracceptable.Generally，itisnotagoodideatotellsomeonespecificreasonswhytheyarenothiredforajob.Thiscanonlyleadtoresentment(怨恨)andregret.However，theremaybespecifictimeswhenthiscouldbeagoodidea.Forexample，ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionwillbeopeningupthatsuitstheapplicant'sskills，thiscouldbeawaytoletthatpersonknowtheymaysoonhaveanotheropportunity.Inallcases，evenifyoufeelsomeonehascheatedtoobtainaninterview，neverbehaveinawaywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflectsverypoorlynotonlyonthehiringmanager，butontheorganizationasawhole.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了作為招聘主管，如何禮貌及專業(yè)地告知一位申請者被拒絕的事情。5．WhyaresomeapplicantsrefusedaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Theyareinterestedinotherfields.B．Theyaren'tqualifiedfortheposition.C．Theyareafraidofmakingdecisions.D．Theylackthecouragetofacefailures.B[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitinwitheveryjob”可知，不是所有人每份工作都適合做。由此可推知，一些申請者被拒絕是因為他們不適合那個職位。]6．Howmayanotinterviewedapplicantbeinformedoftherejection?A．Byreceivingaformalphonecall.B．Bygettingasimpleformletter.C．Bycheckingamessageonline.D．Byattendingapersonalmeeting.B[考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“forthosewhohaveneverbeencalledforaninterview，asimpleformlettermaybesufficient”可知，許多情況下，特別是對于那些從未被要求面試的人，一封套用信函就夠了。]7．Inwhatcasewillapplicantsbetoldexactlywhytheyarenothired?A．Theyregretapplyingforthejob.B．Theydemandspecificexplanations.C．Theymaybecapableofanotherpost.D．Theyhavesubmittedfalseinformation.C[考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，如果申請人非常有潛力，而且招聘主管認為另一個職位將會適合申請人，那么就會給他們解釋原因并告訴他們有別的機會。]8．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthepositionofhiringmanagers?A．Itcallsforprofessionalskills.B．Itattractstheapplicantsmost.C．Itdoesn'tallowforanymistake.D．Itrequireshonestyandambition.A[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，即使你覺得有人為了獲得面試機會而作弊，也不要表現(xiàn)得高高在上，盛氣凌人。這不僅反映招聘主管不專業(yè)，也反映了整個單位的不專業(yè)。故可推知，招聘主管應(yīng)具備專業(yè)的技能。]Task2完形填空MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond1.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof2therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething3happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe4itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.5，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He6thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe7.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek8duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe9departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand10anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.11youngplantsinthedryseasonwas12foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe13ofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto14rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai15toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.語篇解讀本文講述了印度的莫萊從16歲時開始堅持在他家附近的一個小島上種樹，幾十年如一日，最終將其變成了動植物的天堂的故事。1．A.dream B．jobC．home D．choiceC[根據(jù)文章第一句可知，莫萊在印度的一個小鄉(xiāng)村長大；再結(jié)合后文他堅持種樹許多年可知，他把這個村子周圍的濕地當成自己的第二個家。home意為“家”，符合語境。dream意為“夢想”；job意為“工作”；choice意為“選擇”。]2．A.nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledgeA[根據(jù)語境可知，設(shè)空處后的there指前文所提到的wetlands，由此推斷他從小在那里了解到大自然的價值和美麗。nature意為“大自然”，符合語境。youth意為“青春；朝氣”；culture意為“文化”；knowledge意為“知識”。]3．A.precious B．interestingC．disturbing D．a(chǎn)wkwardC[根據(jù)后文“Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyear...drivenawayanumberofbirds...thenumberofsnakeshaddeclined...”可知，莫萊注意到他家周圍發(fā)生了一些令人不安的事情。disturbing意為“令人不安的”，符合語境。precious意為“寶貴的；珍貴的”；interesting意為“有趣的”；awkward意為“令人尷尬的；使人難堪的”。]4．A.waste B．tensionC．pain D．damageD[本句中，it指代前文提到的“Aflood”(洪水)，再結(jié)合設(shè)空處后的“haddrivenawayanumberofbirds”可知，此處指洪水造成的破壞。damage意為“破壞；傷害”，符合語境。waste意為“浪費；廢物”；tension意為“緊張；緊張局勢”；pain意為“疼痛；痛苦”。]5．A.Besides B．HoweverC．Therefore D．OtherwiseA[前文提到了洪水帶來的破壞之一是許多鳥兒被趕走了，設(shè)空處后談到洪水帶來的另一個破壞——蛇的數(shù)量減少。besides意為“此外”，符合語境。however意為“然而”；therefore意為“因此”；otherwise意為“否則”。]6．A.agreed B．realizedC．remembered D．predictedB[根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“itwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthem”可知，此處指莫萊根據(jù)所觀察到的現(xiàn)象，意識到造成鳥被趕走和蛇的數(shù)量減少的原因。realize意為“意識到”，符合語境。agree意為“同意”；remember意為“記得；回想起”；predict意為“預(yù)言”。]7．A.noise B．heatC．disease D．dus