書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南醫(yī)藥健康職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thegrowthstrategyisacorporate-levelstrategythatseekstoincreasetheleveloftheorganization’soperations.Thisincludesincreasingsuchpopularquantitativemeasuresassalesrevenues,numberofemployees,andmarketshare.Growthcanbeachievedthroughdirectexpansion,verticalintegration,horizontalintegration,ordiversification.

Growththroughdirectexpansionisachievedbyinternallyincreasingafirm’ssales,productioncapacity,orworkforce.Nootherfirmsareacquiredormergedwith;instead,thecompanychoosestogrowbyitselfthroughitsownbusinessoperations.Forinstance,McDonald’shaspursuedagrowthstrategybywayofdirectexpansion.Thecompanyhasgrownbyawardingfranchises(經(jīng)營許可)topeoplewhoarewillingtobetrainedintheMcDonald’swayandbyopeningcompany-ownedoutlets.

Acompanymightalsochoosetogrowbyverticalintegration,whichisanattempttogaincontrolofinput(backwardverticalintegration),output(forwardverticalintegration)orboth.Inbackwardverticalintegration,theorganizationattemptstoagaincontrolofitsinputsbybecomingitsownsupplier.Forinstance,UnitedAirlineshadcreateditsownin-flightfoodservicebusiness.Inforwardverticalintegration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputs(productsorservices)bybecomingitsowndistributor.Forexample,GatewayComputer’sretailstoresareanexampleoranorganizationcontrollingitsdistribution.

Inhorizontalintegration,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithotherorganizationsinthesameindustry—thatis,combiningoperationswithcompetitors.Forinstance,H,J,Heinz,Inc.,thefood-processingcompany,combinedoperationswithanorganicbabyfoodcompany,Earth’sBest,tohelpitsownHeinzbabyfoodsdivisionbecomemorecompetitive.Becausecombiningwithcompetitorsmightdecreasetheamountofcompetitioninanindustry,theU.S.FederalTradeCommissionassessestheimpactofsuchproposedgrowthactionandmustapproveanyproposedhorizontalintegrationstrategy.Othercountrieshavesimilarrestrictions.

Finally,anorganizationcangrowthroughdiversification,eitherrelatedorunrelated.Relateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentbutrelatedindustries.Forexample,AmericanStandardCos.isinavarietyofbusinessesincludingbathroomfixtures,air-conditioningandheatingunits,plumbingparts,andbrakesfortrucks.Unrelateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentandunrelatedindustries.Forexample,LancasterColonyCorporationmakessaladdressing,carmatsandcandles.Theseindustriesaredifferentandunrelated.

1.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatis“directexpansion”？

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueof“verticalintegration”?

4.Ifacompanyadoptsthemethodof“horizontalintegration”,itattemptsto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingphrasesisclosestinmeaningtotheword“diversification”？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HowMcDonald’shasbecomesuccessful.

B.Howcompanieshavebecomesuccessful.

C.Howcompaniescandeveloptheirbusinesses.

D.Howcompaniescompetewitheachother.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanydevelopsitsownbusinessintoabiggerscale.

B.Acompanyacquiresanothercompany.

C.Acompanymergeswithanothercompany.

D.Acompanygrowswithoutincreasingitsworkforce.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanyattemptstosupplyitsowninputs.

B.Acompanyattemptstosellitsownproducts.

C.Acompanyattemptstoprovideservice.

D.Acompanyattemptstoenteranotherindustry.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.acquireaverydifferentcompany

B.acquireasimilarcompany

C.acquireasalescompany

D.acquireadistributioncompany

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.mergingwithoracquiringfirms

B.eitherrelatedorunrelated

C.avarietyofbusinesses

D.acompanygrows

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Thegrowthstrategyisacorporate-levelstrategythatseekstoincreasetheleveloftheorganization’soperations…Growthcanbeachievedthroughdirectexpansion,verticalintegration,horizontalintegration,ordiversification.”，可知本篇文章主要討論的問題是公司的增長策略，增長可以通過直接擴(kuò)張、縱向一體化、橫向一體化或多樣化來實(shí)現(xiàn)。下文直接對公司的增長策略進(jìn)行了展開說明和解釋?？膳袛喑霰酒恼轮饕顷P(guān)于公司怎么發(fā)展他們的業(yè)務(wù)，得到增長的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Growththroughdirectexpansionisachievedbyinternallyincreasingafirm’ssales,productioncapacity,orworkforce.”，可知通過直接擴(kuò)張實(shí)現(xiàn)的增長是通過內(nèi)部增加公司的銷售、生產(chǎn)能力或勞動(dòng)力來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。可判斷出directexpansion意思是一個(gè)公司把自己的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展到更大的規(guī)模。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“theorganizationattemptstoagaincontrolofitsinputsbybecomingitsownsupplier.”，可知公司在垂直整合中試圖通過成為自己的供應(yīng)商來再次控制其投入。選項(xiàng)A正確，可排除。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Inforwardverticalintegration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputs(productsorservices)bybecomingitsowndistributor.”，可知在垂直整合中，公司通過成為自己的分銷商來獲得對其輸出（產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)）的控制。可判斷出公司在垂直整合中既能夠試圖自己銷售產(chǎn)品，也能自己提供服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)B和C正確，可排除。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inhorizontalintegration,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithotherorganizationsinthesameindustry—thatis,combiningoperationswithcompetitors.”，可知在橫向整合中，公司通過與同行業(yè)的其他組織（即與競爭對手的業(yè)務(wù)組合）相互合并來增長?？膳袛喑鋈绻粋€(gè)公司采用了“橫向整合”的方法，它會(huì)嘗試收購一家同行業(yè)的類似的公司。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Relateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentbutrelatedindustries….Unrelateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentandunrelatedindustries.”，可知相關(guān)多元化是指一個(gè)公司通過與其他相關(guān)行業(yè)的公司合并或收購，來實(shí)現(xiàn)增長。不相關(guān)多元化是指一個(gè)公司通過與其他不同的不相關(guān)行業(yè)的公司合并或收購，來實(shí)現(xiàn)增長?？膳袛喑鰀iversification多元化的意思最接近于拓展更多的行業(yè)，開展更多不同的業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Shewentintoadeep____aftertakinganoverdoseofsleepingpills.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbalance

B.unbelief

C.coma

D.uncertainty

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.unbalance不平衡B.unbelief疑惑

C.coma昏迷D.uncertainty不確定性

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】根據(jù)后文“服用了過量的安眠藥后”可知，空格處所填詞是服用過量安眠藥帶來的后果，C選項(xiàng)coma“昏迷”符合語義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合原文語義邏輯。

【句意】她服用了過量的安眠藥后陷入了深度昏迷之中。

3.單選題

TheUnitedNationLawoftheSeaConferencewouldsoonproduceanocean-miningtreaty

followingits（）declarationin1970thatoceansweretheheritageofmankind.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unanimous

B.abstract

C.autonomous

D.almighty

【答案】A

【解析】固定用法。unanimous意見一致的，無異議的；abstract抽象的；autonomous自

治的；almighty全能的。unanimous與declaration連用,表示達(dá)成一致的聲明。

4.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositiononthetopic“UncivilizedBehaviorsinPublic”Youshouldwriteatleast160wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(inChinese)below:

1.在公共場合有哪些不文明行為

2.造成這些不文明行為的原因

3.怎樣改進(jìn)這些不文明行為

【答案】略

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

新學(xué)派的一位領(lǐng)袖人物堅(jiān)持說：“簡而言之,我們所謂的科學(xué)革命,主要是指一系列器具的改進(jìn)、發(fā)明和使用,而這些改進(jìn)、發(fā)明和使用使科學(xué)發(fā)展無所不及。”

自由和尊嚴(yán)是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主人所擁有的,是要求一個(gè)人對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé),并因其業(yè)績而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。

很顯然,我們已然摒棄了“父母之命、媒妁之言”的婚姻方式及為使女孩們守身如玉而將她們深鎖閨中的農(nóng)業(yè)習(xí)俗。

現(xiàn)在我們被迫從那種以人們之間相互猜忌和敵視為標(biāo)志的關(guān)系躍進(jìn)到一個(gè)人們之間必須相互尊重和理解的世界。

同樣地,語言之所以有價(jià)值是因?yàn)槿藗兂姓J(rèn)它是思維的符號(hào),是人與人之間傳輸思想的媒介。

【答案】Aleaderfromthenewschoolinsistedonthat“theso-called'scientificrevolution'canbebrieflyexplainedastheimprovement,inventionandapplicationofseriesofequipment,whichinturnprovidesanomnipotentscientificdevelopment.”

Freedomanddignityarepossessedbyself-reliantpeopleintherangeoftraditionaltheory,andtheybothserveessentialprerequisitesforresponsibilitiestowhattheyhavebehavedandappraisaltowhattheyhaveperformed.

Obviously,wehaveabandonedthemarriagethatarrangedbyparentsandmatchmakersandalsothecorruptedcustominagriculturalperiodthatgirlsareconfinedintheirchambersforvirginity.

Nowweareforcedtoleapforwardtotheworldthatdemandsmutualrespectandunderstandingsfromrelationsthatfeaturedbymutualsuspicionandhostility.

Similarly,thereasonwhylanguagespossesswiththeirownvaluesisthat,aspeoplehaveacknowledged,theyaresymbolsofthoughtsandalsomediaforthoughtexchanges.

6.案例題

Thisweeksometopscientists,includingNobelPrizewinners,gavetheirvisionofhowtheworldwilllookin2056,fromgas-poweredcarstoextraordinaryhealthadvances,JohnInghamreportsonwhattheworld'sfinestmindsbelieveourfutureswillbe.

Forthoseofusluckyenoughtolivethatlong,2056willbeaworldofalmostperpetualyouth,whereobesityisaremotememoryandrobotsbecomeourcompanions.

Wewillberubbingshoulderswithaliensandcolonizingouterspace.Betterstill,ourdescendantsmightatlastliveinaworldatpeacewithitself.

Thepredictionisthatwewillhavefoundasourceofinexhaustible,safe,greenenergy,andthatsciencewillhavekilledoffreligion.Iftheyarerightwewillhaveremovedtwoofthemaincausesofwar-ourdependenceonoilandreligiousprejudice.

Willwereally,astoday'sscientist'sclaim,beabletoliveforeveroratleastcheattheageingprocesssothattheaveragepersonlivesto150?

Ofcourse,allthesepredictionscomewithascientifichealthwarning.HarvardprofessorStevenPinkersays:“Thisisaninvitationtolookfoolish,aswiththepredictionsofdomedcitiesandnuclear-poweredvacuumcleanersthatweremade50yearago.”

Livinglonger

AnthonyAttala,directoroftheWakeForestInstituteinNorthCarolina,believesfailingorganswillberepairedbyinjectingcellsintothebody.Theywillnaturallytostraighttotheinjuryandhelphealit.Asystemofinjectionswithoutneedlescouldalsoslowtheageingprocessbyusingthesameprocessto“tune”cells.

BruceLehn,professorofhumangeneticsattheUniversityofChicago,anticipatestheabilitytoproduce”unlimitedsupplies”oftransplantablehumanorganswithouttheneededaneworgan,suchaskidney,thesurgeonwouldcontactacommercialorganproducer,givehimthepatient'simmune-logicalprofileandwouldthenbesentakidneywiththecorrecttissuetype.

Theseorganswouldbeentirelycomposedofhumancells,grownbyintroducingthemintoanimalhosts,andallowingthemtodevelopintoandorganinplaceoftheanimal'sown.ButProf.Lehnbelievesthatfarmedbrainswouldbe“offlimits”.Hesays:“Veryfewpeoplewouldwanttohavetheirbrainsreplacedbysomeoneelse'sandweprobablydon'twanttoputahumanbrainingananimalbody.”

RichardMiller,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,thinksscientistcoulddevelop”authenticanti-ageingdrugs”byworkingouthowcellsinlargeranimalssuchaswhalesandhumanresistmanyformsofinjuries.Hesays:”It'sisnowroutine,inlaboratorymammals,toextendlifespanbyabout40%.Turningonthesameprotectivesystemsinpeopleshould,by2056,createthefirstclassof100-year-oldswhoareasvigorousandproductiveastoday'speopleintheir60s”

Aliens

ConlinPillinger,professorofplanetarysciencesattheOpenUniversity,says:”IfancythatatleastwewillbeabletoshowthatlifedidstarttoevolveonMarswellasEarth.”Within50yearshehopesscientistswillprovethatalienlifecamehereinMartianmeteorites（隕石）.

ChrisMcKay,aplanetaryscientistatNASA'sAmesResearchCenter.Believesthatin50yearswemayfindevidenceofalienlifeinancientpermanentfortsofMarsoronotherplaners.

Headds:”ThereisevenachancewewillfindalienlifeformshereonEarth.ItmightbeasdifferentasEnglishistoChinese.

PrincetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksit“l(fā)ikely”thatlifeformouterspacewillbediscovereddeform2056becausethetoolsforfindingit,suchasopticalandradiodetectionanddataprocessing,areimproving.

Hesays:”Assoonasthefirstevidenceisfound,wewillknowwhattolookforandadditionaldiscoveriesislikelytofollowquickly.Suchdiscoveriesarelikelytohaverevolutionaryconsequencesforbiology,astronomyandphilosophy.Theymaychangethewaywelookatourselvesandourplaceintheuniverse.

Coloniesinspace

RichardGottprofessorofastrophysicsatPrinceton,hopesmanwillsetupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,whichwouldbea“l(fā)ifeinsurancepolicyagainstwhatevercatastrophes,naturalorotherwise,mightoccuronEarth.

“TherealspaceraceiswhetherwewillcoloniesoffEarthontootherworldsbeforemoneyforthespaceprogrammedrunsout.”

Spinalinjuries

EllenHeber-Katz,aprofessorattheWistarInstituteinPhiladelphia,foreseescuresforinjuriescausingparalysissuchastheonethatafflictedSupermanstarChristopherReeve.

Shesays:''Ibelievethatthedayisnotfaroffwhenwewillbeabletoprescribedrugsthatcausesevered（斷裂的）spinalcordstoheal,heartstoregenerateandlostlimbstoregroup.''

‘‘Peoplewillcometoexpectthatinjuredordiseasedorgansaremeanttoberepairedfromwithin,inmuchthesamewaythatwefixanapplianceorautomobile:byreplacingthedamagedpartwithamanufacturer-certifiednewpart.”Shepredictsthatwithin5to10yearsfingersandtoeswillberegroundandlimbswillstarttoberegroundafewyearslater.Repairstothenervoussystemwillstartwithopticnervesand,intime,thespinalcord.”Within50yearswholebodyreplacementwillberoutine,''Prof.HeberKatzadds.

Obesity

SydneyBrenner,seniordistinguishedfellowoftheCrick-JacobsCenterinCalifornia,wonthe2002NobelPrizeforMedicineandsaysthatifthereisaglobaldisastersomehumanswillsurvive-andevolutionwillfavorsmallpeoplewithbodieslargeenoughtosupporttherequiredamountofbrainpower.”O(jiān)besity，”hesays.”willhavebeensolved.”

Robots

RodneyBrooks,professorofroboticatMitosestheproblemsofdevelopingartificialintelligenceforrobotswillbeatleastpartlyovercome.Asaresult,”thepossibilitiesforrobotsworkingwithpeoplewillopenupimmensely”

Energy

BillJoy,greentechnologyexpertinCalifornia,says:"Themostsignificantbreakthroughwouldbetohaveaninexhaustiblesourceofsafe,greenenergythatissubstantiallycheaperthananyexistingenergysource.”

Ideally,suchasourcewouldbesafeinthatitcouldnotbemadeintoweaponsandwouldnotmakehazardousortoxicwasteorcarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegasblamedforglobalwarning.

Society

GeoffreyMiller,evolutionarypsychologistattheUniversityofNewMexico,says^"TheUSwillfollowtheUKinrealizingthatreligionisnoraprerequisite（前提）forordinaryhumandecency.

“This,sciencewillkillreligion-notbyreasonchallengingfaithbutbyofferingamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkforhumaninteraction.”

Healsopredictsthat“absurdlywasteful”displaysofwealthwillbecomeunfashionablewhiletheimportanceofclose-knitcommunitiesandfamilieswillbecomeclearer.

Thisthreechanger,hesays,willhelpmakeusallbrighter,wiser,happierandkinder”.

1.WhatisJohnLingam'sreportabout?

A.Asolutiontotheglobalenergycrisis.

B.Extraordinaryadvancesintechnology.

C.Thelatestdevelopmentsofmedicalscience.

D.Scientists'visionoftheworldinhalfcentury.

2.AccordingtoHarvardprofessorStevenPinker,predictionsaboutthefuture（）.

A.Mayinvitetrouble

B.Maynotcometrue

C.Willfoolthepublic

D.Domoreharmthangood

3.ProfessorBruceLehnoftheUniversityofChicagopredictsthat（）.

A.Humanswon'thavetodonateorgansfortransplantation

B.Morepeoplewilldonatetheirorgansfortransplantation

C.Animalorganscouldbetransplantedintohumanbodies

D.Organtransplantationwon'tbeasscaryasitistoday

4.AccordingtoProfessorRichardMilleroftheUniversityofMishear,propelwill（）.

A.Lifeforaslongastheywish

B.Berelievedfromallsufferings

C.Lifeto100andmorewithvitality

D.Beabletolivelongerthanwhales

5.PrincetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksthat（）.

A.Scientistswillfindalienlifesimilartoours

B.HumanswillbeabletosettleonMars

C.Alienlifewilllikelybediscovered

D.LifewillstarttoevolveonMars

6.AccordingtoPrincetonprofessorRichardGott,bysettingupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,Humans（）.

A.Mightsurviveallcatastrophesonearth

B.Mightacquireamplenaturalresources

C.WillbeabletotraveltoMarsfreely

D.Willmovetheretoliveabetterlife

7.EllenHeber-Katz,professorattheWistarInstituteinPhiladelphia,predictsthat（）.

A.Humanorganscanbutmanufacturedlikeappliances

B.Peoplewillbeasstronganddynamicassupermen

C.Humannervescanbereplacedbyopticfibers

D.Lostfingersandlimbswillbeabletoregroup

8.RodneyBrookssaysthatitwillbepossibleforrobotstoworkwithhumansasaresultorthedevelopmentofartificialintelligencefor（）.

9.ThemostsignificantbreakthroughpredictedbyBilljoywillbeaninexhaustiblegreenenergysourcethatcan'tbeusedtomake（）.

10.AccordingtoGeoffreyMiller,sciencewillofferamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkinplaceof（）.

【答案】1.D

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.C

6.A

7.D

8.artificialintelligence

9.weapons

10.religion

【解析】1.

根據(jù)第一段的最后一句"JohnInghamreportsonwhattheworld'sfinestmindsbelieveourfutureswillbe."以及文章的首句可推斷出，"theworld'sfinestminds"指的是前面提到的頂尖科學(xué)家們,他們對2056年，也就是半個(gè)世紀(jì)后的世界做出了一些預(yù)測，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“StevenPinker”定位到第六段。"Thisisaninvitation...made50yearsago."也就是說，這個(gè)預(yù)測可能實(shí)現(xiàn)不了，選項(xiàng)B正確。"invitation"在這里指"vision"，而非"邀請"，所以選項(xiàng)A和C錯(cuò)誤。

3.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“BruceLehn”定位到Livinglonger這一部分的第二段"BruceLahn...anticipatestheabilitytoproduce'unlimitedsupplies'oftransplantablehumanorganswithouttheneedforhumandonors."題干中的predict和句中的anticipate同義，而"withouttheneedforhumandonors"和A選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.

根據(jù)Livinglonger這一部分的第四段的最后一句"Their60s."選項(xiàng)C符合原文。選項(xiàng)B文中沒有提及，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)D與原文含義不符，可以排除。

5.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“FreemanDyson”定位到Aliens這一部分的第四段的內(nèi)容。"lifefromouterspacewillbediscoveredbefore2056..."所以選項(xiàng)C與原文相符。

6.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“RichardGott”定位到Coloniesinspace這一部分的第一段。"...whichwouldbea'lifeinsurancepolicyagainstwhatevercatastrophes,naturalorotherwise,mightoccuronEarth'."Lifeinsurancepolicy為比喻用法，意為"可以保護(hù)人類免于地球上災(zāi)難的侵襲"，選項(xiàng)A與原文一致。

7.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“EllenHeber-Katz”定位到Spinalinjuries這一部分的第二段的首句"Ibelievethat...regenerateandlostlimbstoregroup"，選項(xiàng)D與原文含義相符。

8.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“RodneyBrooks”定位到Robots這一部分的內(nèi)容“theproblemsofdevelopingartificialintelligenceforrobotswillbeatleastpartlyovercome.”。

9.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“BillJoy”定位到Energy這一部分第二段的內(nèi)容“suchasourcewouldbesafeinthatitcouldnotbemadeintoweapons.”動(dòng)詞make后面要接名詞或名詞短語。

10.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“GeoffreyMiller”定位到Society這一部分第二段的內(nèi)容"Thus,sciencewillkillreligion-notbyreasonchallengingfaithbutbyofferingamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkforhumaninteraction."介詞短語inplaceof后面需接名詞，在這里inplaceof與kill意義相近，故答案為religion。

7.單選題

With1millioncopiessoldoutwithinjust2weeks,thatbookisindeeda____success.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provisional

B.sensational

C.sentimental

D.potential

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.provisional臨時(shí)的B.sensational轟動(dòng)性的

C.sentimental情感的D.potential潛在的

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填詞修飾的是“成功（success）”，前文提到“這本書在短短兩周內(nèi)就售出了100萬冊”，由此推測，這本書的成功是令人震驚的，B選項(xiàng)sensational“轟動(dòng)性的”符合原文語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原文語義邏輯，沒有依據(jù)。

【句意】這本書在短短兩周內(nèi)就售出了100萬冊，真是轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的成功。

8.單選題

Thebenefitsofadiverseworkforceareonlyseenifthestaffiswellmanaged.Bossesneedtounderstandthatpeoplewithdifferingbackgroundswillcomeupwithideasindifferentwaysandgivethemtheflexibilitytobecreativeintheircustom.

Thatcomestogetherwithacouplesteps;first,managersneedtobesuretheyareactivelypursuingnewhiresthatnotonlyadddiversitybutalsoofferanewperspective.

ThekeyisnotjustaddingaHispanicwomantothestaffbecauseyoudon’thaveonenow.It’sbesttoseekpeoplewhosebackgroundsaredifferentfromyourcurrentstaffastheywilllikelyfindsolutionsindifferentways.

TaketheaccountingfirmDeloitte,anearlyadopterofdiversity.Thefirmwastrainingminoritiestobecometopmanagers,butthenitoftenlostthembeforetheyreachedtheexecutivelevel—asoftenhappensinthatprofession.SoDeloittecreatedanewexecutivetrainingprogramthaturgeditsaccountantstostayonratherthanjumpingtoanotherfirmforadvancement.Thisassuredthattheminoritiesthecompanywasgroomingfortopmanagementwouldn’tleavethecompanybeforereachinghigherranks.

Butit’snotjustaboutputtingminoritiesinafewjobsandhavingthemrunthingsasusual.Forinstance,immigrantsfromcountrieswherebankshavefailedorsimplyaren’ttrustedmayneedtobuildarelationshipwithsomeoneinabranchbeforedepositingtheirmoney.Alocalbranchmanagerwhounderstandsthatrelationshipmaybemorelikelytogetthatbusiness.

Havingadiverseworkforceisonlyanadvantageifyou’reabletoutilizethatdiversity.It’sunderstandingtheexperienceofpeopleandwhattheycanbringtoyourbusiness.

Thefloatingmarketisalittlemicrocosmofthat.Everyday,localsandtouristsperusethestandsandcountersthatjutoutfromtheboats.Thecustomersareallshadesandbackgrounds,andthat’sjustthewaytheislanderslikeit.

Thesamecanhappenatoffices.Butit’suptomanagerstoshowtheyvalueideasascreativeasthefloatingmarket.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthepassage?

2.Whatismostvaluedaboutminoritygroups?

3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosayinthefourthparagraph?

4.Whatistheadvantageofaminoritybankworkeraccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisafloatingmarketprobablylike?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisbeneficialforcompaniestohirepeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

B.Adiverseworkforcewilldogoodtothecompanyifmanagedproperly.

C.Peoplefromdifferentbackgroundscancontributedifferentideas.

D.Theimportanceofminoritypeopleisgettingmoreandmoreattention.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theirlocalculture.

B.Theiruniqueexperience.

C.Theirdifferentperspectives.

D.Theirexecutiveability.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Deloitteattachedimportancetohavingminoritiesinitstopmanagement.

B.Talentlossatexecutivelevelisacommonoccurrenceinaccountingbusiness.

C.Propertrainingisnecessaryforminoritiestomakemorecontribution.

D.Minoritiesaremorelikelytolookforanewcompanyforbetteropportunities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Hewillspendmoretimeandenergypersuadingclientstodepositmoneyinhisbank.

B.Heknowsbetterhowtokeepthebank’sreputationandwintheclients’trust.

C.Itiseasierforhimtodeveloparelationshipwithimmigrantsfromhishomecountry.

D.Heunderstandsbettertheimportanceoftherelationshipbetweenbankandclients.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itsellsgoodsfromallovertheworld.

B.Itisamarketonthewater.

C.Itdoesnothaveafixedlocation.

D.Itsellsgoodsatratherlowprice.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開頭說到“Thebenefitsofadiverseworkforceareonlyseenifthestaffiswellmanaged.（只有管理好員工，才能看到多元化員工隊(duì)伍的好處。）”，后文第六段又提到“Havingadiverseworkforceisonlyanadvantageifyou’reabletoutilizethatdiversity.（擁有多樣化的勞動(dòng)力是唯一的優(yōu)勢，如果你能夠利用這種多樣性。）”，由此可知本文主要闡述的是多元化的員工隊(duì)伍對公司的作用，B選項(xiàng)“如果管理得當(dāng)，多元化的員工隊(duì)伍對公司有好處”符合文章大意。A選項(xiàng)“公司雇傭不同背景的人是有益的”說法太絕對，忽略了管理的作用；C選項(xiàng)“不同背景的人可以提出不同的想法”以及D選項(xiàng)“少數(shù)民族的重要性越來越受到重視”都包含在B選項(xiàng)中，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“It’sbesttoseekpeoplewhosebackgroundsaredifferentfromyourcurrentstaffastheywilllikelyfindsolutionsindifferentways.（最好是找那些背景和你現(xiàn)有員工不同的人，因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)以不同的方式找到解決方案。）”，由此可知少數(shù)民族群體最被看中的是他們不同的觀點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)“他們的觀點(diǎn)不同”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們的當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?；B選項(xiàng)“他們獨(dú)特的經(jīng)歷”以及D選項(xiàng)“他們的執(zhí)行能力”均不符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句話“Thisassuredthattheminoritiesthecompanywasgroomingfortopmanagementwouldn’tleavethecompanybeforereachinghigherranks.（這確保了公司為高層管理人員培養(yǎng)的少數(shù)族裔在晉升之前不會(huì)離開公司）”以及前文提到的少數(shù)民族群體會(huì)提供不同意見可知德勤會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所重視在高層管理層中引入少數(shù)族裔，從而能夠擁有更多的不同的意見，A選項(xiàng)“德勤重視在高層管理層中引入少數(shù)族裔”說法正確。B選項(xiàng)“高管層人才流失是會(huì)計(jì)行業(yè)的常見現(xiàn)象”文章沒有提到；C選項(xiàng)“少數(shù)民族要做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)，就必須進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)呐嘤?xùn)”文章也沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“少數(shù)族裔更傾向于尋找一家新公司來獲得更好的機(jī)會(huì)”說法太絕對，文章只說了該事務(wù)所有這樣的問題，并不能說明所有的少數(shù)族裔都傾向于尋找更好的機(jī)會(huì)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段“Forinstance,immigrantsfromcountrieswherebankshavefailedorsimplyaren’ttrustedmayneedtobuildarelationshipwithsomeoneinabranchbeforedepositingtheirmoney.Alocalbranchmanagerwhounderstandsthatrelationshipmaybemorelikelytoget