PartOne句子成分成分詞性例句主語（處于謂語動(dòng)詞前）名詞Theappleisred.代詞Nobodyishere.數(shù)詞Fourandfivemakesnine.名詞化的形容詞Theoldneedourhelp.todo/doingTobeadoctorismydream.Runningisgoodforhealth.從句Thatheishandsomeiswellknown.Whatyousaidisright.謂語簡(jiǎn)單謂語：一個(gè)動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞詞組Heoftenreadsnewspaper.Theplanetakesoff.復(fù)合謂語：助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞HecanspeakEnglishwell.表語位于系動(dòng)詞后面的成分一般為：名詞，代詞，形容詞，數(shù)詞，todo/doing;介詞短語，從句；畐U詞Mywishistobecomeadoctor.Timeispressing.時(shí)間緊迫Iamatwork.ThisiswhyIamhere.賓語位干及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞后的部分名詞；代詞；數(shù)詞；名詞化的形容詞；todo/doing;從句weloveourmotherland.Buyit.Givemefive.Weshouldhelpthepoor.DoyouunderstandwhatIsaid?補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語：對(duì)賓語講行補(bǔ)充說明形容詞分詞短語不定式名詞介詞短語副詞Ifoundthebookveryinteresting.Hemadehimselfknowntoothers.Heaskedmetodosth.wemustkeepitasecret.makeyourselfathome.keepthedogout.主語補(bǔ)足語：對(duì)主語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明名詞；形容詞等Thedogwasfounddead.Heiselectedmonitoroftheclass.定語修飾限定名詞或者代詞的成分介詞短語代詞數(shù)詞名詞不定式分詞從句Thebookonthedeskismine.Mybagishere.Threedogsarebarking.stonetablethewaytodothismovingfilm/boiledwaterIknowtheboywhoisstandingthere.狀語修飾動(dòng)詞.形容詞.副詞.句子副詞不定式分詞短語介詞短語從句Tomspeaksfast.Ibuythecaketoeat.Arrivingthere,Icalledhim.WhenIwasachild,Iwassocute.Parttwo句子的類型簡(jiǎn)單句---五種基本句型1）主語+不及物動(dòng)詞【主謂】Thedogdied.2）主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語【主謂賓】IteachEnglish.）主語+動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語【主謂賓賓】Shesentmeapresent.）主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語【主謂賓賓補(bǔ)】）主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語【主系表】并列句…由并列連詞【fanboys】連接的句子。fanboys:for,and,nor,but,or,yet,so1.注意就遠(yuǎn)原則、就近原則2.注意邏輯語義關(guān)系。>主從復(fù)合句1.分類名詞性從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句*同位語從句形容詞性從句定語從句副詞性從句狀語從句2.名詞性從句的連接詞使用一覽表連接詞從句內(nèi)部情況是否可省例句that不缺成分；意義完整賓語從句可以??；主從，表從不可省Iknow(that)youloveEnglish.ThatyouloveEnglishiswellknown.ThereasonisthatyouloveEnglish.whether不缺成分；意義''是否”不可省WhetherIamalivedependsonyou.Theproblemiswhetherhewillagreewithyou.if不缺成分；意義''是否”只能用在賓語從句中的某些情況whose從句缺定語；“誰的”不可省Iwanttoknowwhosebagitis.whichwhatwho/whom從句缺主語、賓語，表語不可省Whichboywillgothereisunknown.Whatyousaidisright.Iwonderwhoheis.wherewhywhenhow從句缺狀語；地點(diǎn)意義，時(shí)間意義，方式，原因意義不可省Whereyouwanttoliveisnotaquestionnow.Iwonderwhyyouaresobrilliant.Ididn'tknowwhenheleft.Letteachyouhowtowrite.從句的語序：陳述語序---引導(dǎo)詞后緊跟從句的主語?！咀⒁馓乩浚禾厥庖蓡栐~本身做主語的時(shí)候，改為賓從的時(shí)候，語序不變。what'swrong/thematter/theproblem(with...)whichisthewayto...whatisthemostbeautiful..whatishappeningoverthere.whoisstandingthere.3)時(shí)態(tài)主現(xiàn)從不限，主過從必過，真理永一現(xiàn)。注意：在改寫賓從的時(shí)候，1)如果主句是一般過去式，從句要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。2)注意人稱變化；3)注意時(shí)間狀語的變化3.定從考點(diǎn)梳理連接詞使用一覽表從句內(nèi)部情況連接詞是否可省例句從句缺主語賓語that當(dāng)從句缺的是賓語的時(shí)候，可以省略IknowagirlthatisgoodatEnglish.Iknowthegirl(that)youtalkabout.which【先行詞為物】who/whom【先行詞為人】當(dāng)從句缺的是賓語的時(shí)候，可以省略Thisisthebag(which)youboughtforme.Thisistheman(whom)Ilove.從句缺定語；“誰的”whoseIliveinthehousewhosedooriswhite.從句基本完整wherewhywhenIsthereaplacewherewecanspendourholidays?Idon'tknowthereasonwhyheislate.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwelivedtogether.注意：只能用that的情況先行詞是all,few,little,much,something,anything,everything等不定代詞先行詞由only,very修飾先行詞被最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾先行詞中既有人又有物非限制性定語從句：特點(diǎn):先行詞與定語從句之間有逗號(hào)隔開which引導(dǎo)：先行詞既可以是一個(gè)單詞，也可以是一整個(gè)句子as引導(dǎo)：可參考常見搭配：assbexpectedasismentionedbeforeasiswell-known4.狀語從句重點(diǎn)連接詞時(shí)間狀語從句since---自從；與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用assoonas-一…就not...until...直到….才…原因狀語從句since；as目的狀語從句sothat讓步狀語從句：though/although/evenif/eventhough,不與but連用條件狀語從句：if,unless,as/solongas方式狀語從句：as（按照），asif/asthoughPartThree倒裝句---NAOSHI原則NAOSHI----N---negativewords【當(dāng)句首出現(xiàn)否定意義成分，需要進(jìn)行部分倒裝】否定成分倒裝類型否定詞：never,seldom,searcely,not,nowhere,littleNevershallIforgivehim.「咅B(yǎng)分倒裝］否定短語：(決不)Onnoaccount,bynomeans,innocase,undernocircumstance,innoway,innosenseBynomeanscanyougetmymoney.「部分倒裝］否定句型：)Notunitl)Nosooner.than)Hardly/scarcely...when)notonly....butalso.「從句不倒裝，主句倒裝］)NotuntilTimycamecouldthestudentshavetheclass.)NosoonerhadTimycomethanthestudentsstartedtolaugh.［than此處為從屬連詞，后面連接的是從句)Hardly/ScarcelyhadTimycomewhenthestudentsstartedtolaugh.［when此處為從屬連詞，后面連接的是從句NotonlydidheloveEnglish,butalsosheloveEnglish.?NAOSHI----A（as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句）結(jié)構(gòu)1:一adj?/adv?/分詞/名詞（無冠詞"短語+as/though+主語+謂語Although/ThoughIwasverytired,Itriedtohelpthem.=Tiredas/thoughIwas,triedtohelpthem.Thoughsheisagirl,shebehaveslikeaboy.=Girlas/thoughsheis,［此處強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為a+n單時(shí)；倒裝時(shí)不用加a］NAOSHI—o:only+狀語（adv./介詞短語/狀從）+助動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞（部分倒裝）Onlythendidherealizehismistake.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.OnlywhenyoufinishyourhomeworkcanyouwatchTV.［從句不倒裝，主句倒裝］注意易錯(cuò)：Onlyyoucangotoschool.【only后不接狀語，不用倒裝。此句only修飾的是主語】NAOSHI—s==so,neitherSodidI.我也是SoIdid.確實(shí)如此Ididso.我做過這件事。1.So+助動(dòng)詞+主語；表示“也…”Neither/Nor+助動(dòng)詞+主語:表示“也不…”【拓展固定結(jié)構(gòu)】：Soitiswith...表示前面提及的事也適合后者。Mancan'tlivewithoutwaterorair.Soitiswithanimals.人不能離開水和空氣。動(dòng)物也是如此。NAOSHI—H：Here等引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語（方向）、時(shí)間狀語，位于句首時(shí)，要用完全倒裝。Herecomesthebus.InfrontofyousitsTimy.HearingTimy'shomework,awayfledthestudents.常見標(biāo)志詞：here,there,now,then,away,off,in,out,up,down等+介詞短語易錯(cuò)：當(dāng)主語是人稱代詞的時(shí)候，不用完全倒裝Awaytheywent.Awaywentthestudents.Outwenttheman.Outherushed.*NAOSHI—I:if引導(dǎo)的虛擬從句;若省略if,從句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)：Were+主語+其他；Had+主語+過去分詞+其他；should+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他=were+主語+todo+其他IfIwereaboy,Iwouldmarryyou.WereIaboy,Iwouldmarryyou.IfIhadknownthis,Iwouldhavetoldyou.HadIknowthis,Iwouldhavetoldyou.heretomorrow,hewouldshowushisnewpictures.A.WerehetocomeB.ShouldhecomeC.HadhecomeD.AandBPartFour時(shí)態(tài)綜合一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示經(jīng)常，習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)；真理；名人名言標(biāo)志詞：often,always,usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday考點(diǎn)：真理永一現(xiàn)Ourteachertoldustheearth_goesaroundthesun.(go)時(shí)間/條件狀從：主將從現(xiàn)，主祈從現(xiàn)，主情從現(xiàn)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'tgotothepark.一般過去時(shí)：過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：yesterday;last...,...ago,in1998,justnow,usedtodo考占.usedtodosth過去常常做beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事beusedtodosth被用來做某事一般將來時(shí)：將要發(fā)生/計(jì)劃發(fā)生的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture,in+時(shí)間段，in2100,考點(diǎn)：begoingto—主觀判斷據(jù)現(xiàn)有跡象判斷將發(fā)生will—客觀必然；無跡象Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.Hewillbetwentyyearsold.進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：1)說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作2)最近一段時(shí)間持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志詞：現(xiàn)在此刻看和聽；最近在哪要小心。(now,atthismoment;look;listen;thesedays;whereis.;Becareful!)?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：1)過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作2)過去某個(gè)時(shí)間段持續(xù)的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志詞