書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thepovertylineistheminimumincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.

Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.

Foronething,morethanhalfofthepoorpeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Alargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold,thenormalretirementage.

Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theydonothaveanymotivation,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.

Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.

Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.

First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,businessesandindustrieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoorwhoarequalifiedtolookforjobsmayfindemployment.Thentheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.

Second,ifsocietyinvestsinthepoor,thepoorwillbecomemoreproductive.Ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,education,andtrainingforpoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskillstooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.

Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.In1975over18millionpeopleintheUnitedStatesreceivedwelfare.

Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.

1.Theauthor'smainpurposetowritethisarticleis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Morethan40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Thisismainlybecause（）.

4.MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause（）.

5.Wemayconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.todefine(下定義)whatthepovertylineis

B.toexplainwhysomepeoplelivethepovertyline

C.tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpoverty

D.toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TenpercentoftheAmericansliveapoorlife.

B.Poorpeoplearethosewholivebelowthepovertyline.

C.Thepovertylinerisesasthegeneralstandardoflivingrises.

D.Thepovertylinetendstobeatthesamelevel.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveenoughmotivation

B.theyaresoyoungthattheydon’thavetherighttowork

C.theyfailtogetenougheducation

D.theyareverypoorinhealth

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveanymotivationtowork

B.theyarenotveryself-confident

C.theyaretooyoungortoooldtowork

D.theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemarenotyetfound

B.welfarewillenablethemtoberich

C.poorpeoplearesuretogooutofthepovertylineiftheyhavechancestodobusiness

D.employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。原文首段最后一句和尾段的首句均有提及“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們正在尋找更好的解決貧困問(wèn)題的辦法”，由此可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的是為了尋找解決貧困問(wèn)題的方法。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.隨著這個(gè)國(guó)家的總體生活水平提高，貧困線也在提高。因此，即使在今天生活水平相對(duì)較高的情況下，仍有大約10%的美國(guó)人生活在貧困線以下?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C符合原文；再根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.收入低于貧困線的人被認(rèn)為是窮人?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有信息提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段的前半部分提及“一方面，美國(guó)一半以上的窮人沒(méi)有資格工作。40%以上的窮人是兒童。根據(jù)法律規(guī)定，不滿16歲的兒童在許多行業(yè)都不能工作?！庇纱丝芍?，最主要的原因是這些兒童太小，沒(méi)有工作的權(quán)利，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，美國(guó)大部分的窮人都沒(méi)有工作，是因?yàn)檫@些人不是老人就是小孩，沒(méi)有工作的能力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的內(nèi)容“Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家正在尋找更好的解決貧困問(wèn)題的辦法。然而，目前許多人依靠福利來(lái)維持最低限度的可接受的生活水平?！庇纱丝芍?，貧困問(wèn)題并沒(méi)有找到更好的解決辦法，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.單選題

Britishfoodhasagoodreputation,butEnglishcookinghasabadone.Itisdifficulttoexplainthereasonforthis.Unfortunately,however,superbrawingredientsareoftenminedfromthekitchensothattheycometothetablewithoutanyofthenaturalflavorandgoodness.

ThisbadreputationdiscouragesalotofpeoplefromeatinginanEnglishrestaurant.Iftheydogotoone,theyareusuallyfullofprejudiceagainstthefood.Itisapity,becausethereareexcellentcooksinEngland,excellentrestaurants,andexcellenthome-cooking.How,then,hasthebadreputationbeenbuiltup?

PerhapsonereasonisthatBritain’sIndustrialRevolutionoccurredveryearly,inthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Asaresult;thequalityoffoodchangedtoo.ThiswasbecauseBritainstoppedbeingalargelyagriculturalcountry.Thepopulationofthetownsincreasedenormouslybetween1840and1870,andpeoplecouldnolongergrowtheirownfood,orbuyitfleshfromafarm.Hugequantitiesoffoodhadtobetakentothetowns,andalotofitlostitsfreshnessontheway.

Thislackoffreshnesswasdisguisedby“dressingup”thefood.Therichmiddleclassesate16ngelaboratemealswhichwerecookedforthembyFrenchchefs.Frenchbecame,andhasremained,theofficiallanguageofthediningroom.Out-of-seasondelicacieswereservedinspiteoftheirexpense,fortherewerealargenumberofextremelywealthypeoplewhowantedtoestablishthemselvessocially.The“l(fā)ook”ofthefoodwasmoreimportantthanitstaste.

Inthe1930s,thesupplyofservantbegantodecrease.Peoplestilltriedtoproducecomplicateddishes,however,buttheyeconomizedonthepreparationtime.TheSecondWorldWarmadethingsevenworsebymakingrawingredientsextremelyscarce.Asaresult,thereweremanywomenwhoneverhadtheopportunitytochooseapieceofmeatfromawell-stockedbutcher’sshop,butwerecontentandgratefultoacceptanythingthatwasofferedtothem.

FoodrationingcontinuedinBritainuntiltheearly1950s.Itwasonlyafterthishadstopped,andbutter,eggsandcreambecamemoreplentiful,anditwaspossibletotravelabroadagainandtasteotherwaysofpreparingfood,thattheEnglishdifferencetoeatingbecamereplacedbyanewenthusiasmforit.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisdifficulttoexplain（）.

2.ThenegativeeffectofBritain’sIndustrialRevolutiononEnglishcookingisthat（）.

3.AsaresultoftheIndustrialRevolution,（）.

4.TheSecondWorldWarworsenedtheproblembecause（）.

5.AnewenthusiasmforeatingemergedinBritain（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whyexcellentingredientsarespoiledintheprocessofcooking

B.whypeopledonotlikeEnglishcooking

C.whyBritishfoodoftenhasanaturalflavor

D.whypeoplepreferhome-cookingtoreadymadefood

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thepopulationinthecountrysidedecreaseddramatically

B.peoplenolongergrewtheirownfoodontheirownfarms

C.thefreshnessoffoodwaslostonthewaytothecities

D.Britainwasnolongeranagriculturalcountry

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.moreattentionwasgiventothelookofthefood

B.FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageinEnglishrestaurants

C.alargenumberofextremelywealthypeopleateinFrenchrestaurants

D.out-of-seasondelicaciesbecameveryexpensive

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therewasanincreasingdemandforservants

B.therewasalackofrawingredientsupply

C.manywomenrefusedtochoosemeatfrombutcher’sshops

D.FrenchchefsdominatedEnglishrestaurants

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.whenmanywomenfinallyhadtheopportunitytopurchasefleshmeatfromawell-stockedbutcher’sshop

B.whenbutter,eggsandcreambecameavailable

C.whenpeoplestartedtravelingtoothercities

D.aftertheearly1950s

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的一二句“Britishfoodhasagoodreputation,butEnglishcookinghasabadone.Itisdifficulttoexplainthereasonforthis.”可知，很難解釋的是為什么人們不喜歡英國(guó)的烹飪。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“IndustrialRevolution”定位到第三段，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，英國(guó)工業(yè)革命對(duì)英國(guó)烹飪產(chǎn)生的一個(gè)負(fù)面影響是“Hugequantitiesoffoodhadtobetakentothetowns,andalotofitlostitsfreshnessontheway.”大量的食物被運(yùn)到城鎮(zhèn)，食物在運(yùn)輸?shù)倪^(guò)程中不再新鮮。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The“l(fā)ook”ofthefoodwasmoreimportantthanitstaste.”工業(yè)革命使得人們更注重食物的外觀而不是口感。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“TheSecondWorldWar”定位到倒數(shù)第二段第三句“TheSecondWorldWarmadethingsevenworsebymakingrawingredientsextremelyscarce.”二戰(zhàn)使得原材料極度匱乏，情況更加糟糕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，在1950年以后，英國(guó)出現(xiàn)了一種新的飲食熱潮。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.單選題

Thetyrannicalrulingandheavytaxation______strongresentmentfromtheoppressed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspired

B.horrified

C.diminished

D.nourished

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)inspire“喚起，激起（感覺(jué)或情感）”，B項(xiàng)horrify“使恐懼”，C項(xiàng)diminish“減少，削弱，貶低”，D項(xiàng)nourish“培育，滋養(yǎng)”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞strongresentment“強(qiáng)烈怨恨”可知，空格處應(yīng)該填A(yù)項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：暴政和重稅激起了被壓迫人民的強(qiáng)烈不滿。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Iamnot（）withmyroommatebutIhavetosharetheroomwithher,becauseIhavenowhereelsetolive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerned

B.compatible

C.considerate

D.complied

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)concerned“有關(guān)的”；B選項(xiàng)compatible“兼容的，能共處的”；C選項(xiàng)considerate“體貼的，考慮周到的”；D選項(xiàng)complied（comply的過(guò)去分詞形式）“遵照，順從”。根據(jù)句意可知，因?yàn)槲覠o(wú)處可去所以不得不和室友住在一起，由but可知，我和室友應(yīng)該是無(wú)法和諧共處。becompatiblewith為固定搭配，意為“適合，一致”。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.單選題

Two（）bipartisanbillsaimedatreducingthe“trustdeficit”createdbytheSnowdenrevelationsandplacinglimitsonthebulkcollectionofAmericancitizens’metadatawereintroducedtoCongressthisweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complimentary

B.complementary

C.commentary

D.contemptible

【答案】B

【解析】形近異義詞辨析。complimentary“贈(zèng)送的，稱(chēng)贊的”；complementary“補(bǔ)足的”，commentary“評(píng)論，注釋”；contemptible“可鄙的，卑鄙的”。句意：這周，由兩黨贊成的補(bǔ)充議案被提交國(guó)會(huì)，這些議案旨在減少“信任赤字”，這種“信任赤字”是由斯諾登造成的，并且限制美國(guó)公民元數(shù)據(jù)的批量收集。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

A（）fromeveryperson,nomatterhowsmall,willhelptheRedCrossreachitsgoalof$100,000.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contract

B.concentration

C.contribution

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。contract合同,

合約；concentration專(zhuān)注,

集中；

contribution貢獻(xiàn),

捐贈(zèng)；construction建筑。句意：每個(gè)人的貢獻(xiàn),

無(wú)論多么小,

都將幫助紅十字會(huì)達(dá)到10萬(wàn)美元的目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans,lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.

Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

In1950,theU.S.spent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1,540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”，sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond,andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Askaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives.

1.Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?

2.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardRichardLamm’sremarkisoneof

（

）.

4.IncontrasttotheU.S.,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcare

（

）.

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople

B.Americansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore

C.Americansareover-confidentoftheirmedicaltechnology

D.Americanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted

B.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive

C.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases

D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.Slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.moreflexibly

B.moreextravagantly

C.morecautiously

D.morereasonably

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.medicinewillfurtherprolongpeople’slives

B.lifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving

C.deathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife

D.excessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.（據(jù)說(shuō)在英國(guó)死亡是迫在眉睫的，在加拿大死亡是不可避免的，在加利福尼亞死亡是可選擇的）以及其后介紹的醫(yī)療技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，使美國(guó)人在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，預(yù)期壽命幾乎翻了一翻，因此C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人對(duì)他們的醫(yī)療技術(shù)過(guò)于自信”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Deathisnormal...Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.（死亡是正常的……我們要求一切可以為我們做的事情，即使它是無(wú)用的。最明顯的例子是晚期癌癥護(hù)理。醫(yī)生們因無(wú)法治愈疾病而感到沮喪，并且擔(dān)心病人失去希望，他們常常采用遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出科學(xué)依據(jù)的極端治療）可知A選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療資源經(jīng)常被浪費(fèi)”符合題意。

3.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Lamm定位到文章第三段中，可知Lamm的觀點(diǎn)是theoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”（年老體弱的人有義務(wù)死亡，以免擋住道路）。由第四段中的Iwouldnotgothatfar...Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.（我不會(huì)走這么遠(yuǎn)……作為一個(gè)只有68歲的人，我希望能像他們一樣富有成效地衰老）和最后一段中的Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful...wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycures（我知道最昂貴和最戲劇性的措施可能是無(wú)效和痛苦的……我們可能為尋求不太可能治愈的方法提供了過(guò)多的資金）可推測(cè)作者基本同意Lamm的觀點(diǎn)，但仍然有所保留，因此選B。

4.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.（我還知道，日本和瑞典的人們?cè)卺t(yī)療上花費(fèi)更少，他們的壽命比我們的更長(zhǎng)，更健康）可知D選項(xiàng)“更合理”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段提出盡管有一個(gè)偉大的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生體系，但死亡不可避免；第二段提出死亡是正常的，但我們卻想盡一切方法來(lái)延緩生命；第三段提出醫(yī)療資源不應(yīng)該被浪費(fèi)在一些沒(méi)有挽救意義的人身上；第四段提出老年人的生活也可以是有價(jià)值的；第五段指出壽命的長(zhǎng)短，依靠的不僅僅是醫(yī)療資源，應(yīng)該合理使用。故本文旨在說(shuō)明人們要勇于接受死亡，因此C選項(xiàng)“死亡應(yīng)該被接受為生活中的事實(shí)”符合題意。

8.單選題

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas（

）fivemiles.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precisely

B.appropriately

C.approximately

D.apparently

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我們沒(méi)有辦法精確測(cè)量我們的實(shí)際旅程，但是我們認(rèn)為大概是5英里。

副詞辨析。Precisely精確地;appropriately適當(dāng)?shù)?approximately大約，大概;apparently顯然。因此C符合句意。

9.單選題

Theyhadafierce（）astowhethertheircompanyshouldrestorethetraderelationship

whichwasbrokenyearsago.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.debate

B.clash

C.disagreement

D.contest

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：關(guān)于公司是否應(yīng)該恢復(fù)數(shù)年前破裂的貿(mào)易關(guān)系，他們進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)激烈的

。

debate討論，辯論；clash爭(zhēng)論；disagreement分歧；contest競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。因此，A項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell,butifyou（

）youwillsucceedintheend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hangup

B.hangabout

C.hangon

D.hangonto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。hangup意為“懸掛，掛斷（電話）”；hangabout意為“閑逛”；hangon意為“堅(jiān)持下去”；hangonto意為“緊緊抓住，不放棄，依附”。

句意：學(xué)好英語(yǔ)不是一件容易的事，但如果你堅(jiān)持下去，你最終會(huì)成功的。

11.單選題

Theteacherwantedtomakethestudentsrealizethatreadinggoodliteratureisagoodwaytobroadentheir（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vision

B.horizon

C.scope

D.expansion

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。vision“幻覺(jué)”;horizon“眼界，地平線”;scope“范圍”;expansion“擴(kuò)充”。句意：這位老師想讓學(xué)生們意識(shí)到讀一些好的文學(xué)作品是開(kāi)闊視野的一個(gè)好的方法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

High-fructosecomsyrupiseasyforfoodandbeveragemakerstouse,andhas_______theformerleadingsweetener:sucrose,orordinarytablesugar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.edgedout

B.edgedin

C.edgedaway

D.edgedon

【答案】A

【解析】edgeout替代,擠掉;edgein擠進(jìn);edgeaway緩緩移動(dòng);edgeon慫恿,鼓勵(lì)。句意：高果糖玉米糖漿對(duì)食品和飲料生產(chǎn)商來(lái)說(shuō)很容易使用,而且已經(jīng)取代了以前重要的增甜劑——蔗糖或普通的食糖。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

Cultureistransmittedlargelybylanguageandbythenecessityforpeopleinclosecontacttocooperate.Themoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome—intolerationofdiversityifnothingelse.Membersofacultureoranationaregenerallyinclosercontactwithoneanotherthanwithmembersofotherculturesornations.Theybecomemorelikeeachotherandmoreunlikeothers.Inthisway,theredevelops“nationalcharacter”，whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns.

Frequently,themembersofoneculturewillinterpretthe“nationalcharacteristics”ofanothergroupintermsoftheirownvalues.Forexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered“l(fā)azy”bycitizensofsomeindustrializednations.Ontheotherhand,itmaybethattheislandersplaceagreatvalueonsocialrelationshipsbutlittlevalueon“productivity”，andcropsgrowwithlittleattention.Thenegativeconnotationofthelabel“l(fā)azy”isthusunjustifiedfromthepointofviewoftheislandculture.

Stereotypes,suchas“l(fā)azy”，“inscrutable,”and“dishonest”givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothersinasuperficialway,buttheyaredamagingtorealunderstandingamongmembersofdifferentcultures.Peoplereactmoretolabelsthantoreality.AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.The“we-they”distinctionappliestowhatevercharacteristicthe“wes’’haveandthe“theys’’donothave—andthecharacteristicsattributedtothe“theys”areusuallyoneswithanegativevalue.

Thedistinctionbecomesmostobviousintimesofconflict.Forthisreason,itisoftensuggestedtheonlythingthatmightjoinallmentogetheronthisplanetwouldbeaninvasionfromouterspace.“We”，theearthlings,wouldthenfight“them”，theoutsiders.

Giventhegreatdiversities—realandimagined—amongpeopleoftheworld,isthereanyfoundationforhopethatsomedayallmenmightjointogethertoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernment?Theoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.

1.Whatmakespeoplemoretolerantofdiversitybetweendifferentgroups?

2.“Nationalcharacter”isbuiltamongpeoplewho（

）.

3.Tosomeindustrializednations,thementionedSouthPacificislandersare

（

）.

4.Withstereotypes,peopletendto

（

）.

5.WhatistrueabouttheblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer?

6.Itispossibletoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernmentonlywhen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Extensivecommunications.

B.Languagedevelopment.

C.Closecooperation.

D.Directinteractions.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.likeeachother

B.sharethesamevalues

C.speakthesamelanguage

D.thinkinthesameway

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.idle

B.carefree

C.inefficient

D.well-organized

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.reacttoeachotheronaregularbasis

B.seedifferentculturesindifferentways

C.taketheirowncultureasthebestofall

D.describeothercultureswithlabels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HewaswrongedbyhisfellowAfricanAmericans.

B.Hewasconsideredasadistinguishedvolunteer.

C.Hewasdiscriminatedagainstbythewhites.

D.HewasexcludedfromtheblackAfricans.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearewillingtoabandontheir“nationalcharacter”

B.peopleofdifferentnationsholdsimilarpoliticalviews

C.humanbeingsasawholehaveonecommonenemy

D.humanbeingsareabletocontactbeingsinouterspace.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段第二句?！癟hemoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome…（交際網(wǎng)絡(luò)越廣泛，思想和信仰的交流就越多，人與人之間的相似之處也就越多。）”，從而得出本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息?？蓪⑿畔Ⅻc(diǎn)定位至原文第一段最后一句?！癐nthisway,theredevelops‘nationalcharacter,’whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns（這樣，就形成了“民族性”，這是一群人分享價(jià)值觀和遵循相似行為模式的統(tǒng)計(jì)趨勢(shì)）”，即可得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段。“Forexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered‘lazy’by...（例如，南太平洋島嶼的居民可能被認(rèn)為是“懶惰的”……）”，從而得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第一句。根據(jù)“givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothers（給人們安全的標(biāo)簽，讓他們對(duì)他人做出反應(yīng)）”，即可得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第三句。根據(jù)“AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.（例如，美國(guó)和平隊(duì)的黑人志愿者被非洲黑人認(rèn)為是白人，并被稱(chēng)為白人。）”即可得出本題答案。

6.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文最后一段?！癟heoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.（其結(jié)果可能將取決于人類(lèi)的政治演變。）”從而得出本題答案。

14.翻譯題

Etiquette

Tobeabletoanswerthequestion“Isetiquetteimportant?”onemusthaveanunderstandingofthetruemeaningoftheword.Thereisnosimpledefinitionofsynonym,buttome“consideration”comestheclosest.Allgoodmannersarebasedonthoughtfulnessforothers,andifeveryonelivedbytheGoldenRule—“Dountoothersasyouwouldhaveothersdountoyou”—therewouldbenobadmannersintheworld.Therehavebeenmanyattemptstodefine“etiquette”overtheyears,butmyownparticularfavoritewasfoundinanoldgrammarbook.Itis,“Politenessistodoandsaythekindestthinginthekindestway.”

Thetypeofpersonforwhombooksonetiquetteholdaninteresthaschangedalmostasmuchasmannersthemselves.UntilthefirsteditionofEtiquettewasprintedin1922,theideaprevailedthatmannersheldlittleinterestforanyoneotherthantherich,ormembersofso-called“society”.Today,fortunately,ourattitudetowardmannerisfarmoresensible.

【答案】禮儀

“禮儀重要嗎？”若要回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們必須懂得“禮儀”一詞的真正含義。我們無(wú)法把這個(gè)詞簡(jiǎn)單地定義或給出某個(gè)同義詞，而在我看來(lái)，“體諒”則是最貼切的詮釋。一切禮貌的行為舉止皆以體貼他人為基