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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三峽大學(xué)科技學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Whatareyour(

)forjudgingabottleofwine?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regulations

B.rules

C.premises

D.criteria

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。regulation規(guī)則,規(guī)定;rule規(guī)則,條例;premise假定,前提;criteria標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。句意:你判斷一瓶酒的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么?由judging可知需要一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才能對(duì)事物作出判斷,故D項(xiàng)“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”符合題意。答案D

2.單選題

Itisimportantthattheyknow______togetfromtheapplicants.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theinformationneeded

B.whatisneeded

C.whatinformationtheyneed

D.theinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句。這里把whatinformation提前來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句擔(dān)當(dāng)主句的賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)從句的正常語(yǔ)序是theyneedtogetwhatinformationfromtheapplicants;這句話的句意是:他們知道什么信息是他們需要從申請(qǐng)人那里得到的,這很重要。A、B、D選項(xiàng)均不符合語(yǔ)法,因此選C。

3.單選題

()bythesuperstarsontelevision,theyoungathletestrainedhardandplayedintensely.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Imitated

B.Imposed

C.Insured

D.Inspired

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。imitate“模仿,仿效”;impose“強(qiáng)加,征稅”;insure“確保,保證”;inspire“激發(fā),鼓舞”。句意:被電視上的超級(jí)明星所激勵(lì),年輕的運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練刻苦,比賽激烈。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

TheplottoassassinateMartinLutherKinghadstarted___hewasactuallykilled.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beforelong

B.longbefore

C.solong

D.goalong

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.beforelong沒(méi)過(guò)多久B.longbefore很早以前

C.solong這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間D.goalong進(jìn)行;支持;贊同

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】“刺殺計(jì)劃”(Theplottoassassinate)和空白處后“他真的被殺了”的邏輯可知:刺殺計(jì)劃在他真正死后之前就開(kāi)始了。同時(shí),空白處之前的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去完成時(shí),空白處后的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)。這也說(shuō)明了兩者之間的先后關(guān)系。綜上所述,B選項(xiàng)longbefore“很早以前”可引申為此句所需的邏輯“之前”以滿足上述條件。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)beforelong意為“不久以后”;longbefore是“很久以前”。Beforelong用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),常與將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用;longbefore體現(xiàn)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),常用于過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí);

C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu),無(wú)法與句子結(jié)合。

【句意】刺殺馬丁?路德?金的計(jì)劃在實(shí)施前醞釀已久。

5.單選題

Whetheryoulivetoeatoreattolive,foodisamajor()ineveryfamily’sbudget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.routine

B.nutrition

C.provision

D.expense

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)routine“慣例”;B選項(xiàng)nutrition“營(yíng)養(yǎng)”;C選項(xiàng)provision“規(guī)定,條款”;D選項(xiàng)expense“開(kāi)銷(xiāo),費(fèi)用,損失,代價(jià)”。句意:無(wú)論你是為了吃而活,還是為了活而吃,食物都是每個(gè)家庭的預(yù)算當(dāng)中一項(xiàng)主要的開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。根據(jù)后半句提到的family’sbudget家庭預(yù)算,可知該處選擇D選項(xiàng)expense“開(kāi)銷(xiāo)”符合句意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

NiagaraisanIndianwordwhichmeans“roaringwater”.Indeed,theroarofthefallingwaterofNiagaracanbeheard(1)adistanceof25kms.Imagine(2)ofwaterflowingoveracliff90feethighandyouwillgetanideaofthatterriblenoise.

And(3)tremendouspowertheNiagaraRiverhas!Itmovesbigrocksaboutandthrowsthemintotheboilingwaterbelow.

(4)agoanoldshipwithoutsinglepersononboardwasputinmid-stream.Itsaileddowntheriver(5)atoyboatwithgreatspeed.Havingreachedthefall,theshipdroppedintotheboilingwater,never(6)again.

Thereweresomepeoplewhowantedtobecomefamous(7)swimmingacrossthemostdangerouspartoftheNiagaraRiver.OneofthemwasCaptainWebbwhosaidthathewouldtrytoswimcrosstheNiagara,which(8)crowdsofpeople.OntheeveningofJuly21st,1893,CaptainWebbcameuptotheriverand(9)aplunge.Hishavingjumpedintothewater(10)manypeoplewithhorror.Soon,heappearedinthemiddleoftheriver.Aloudshoutwentupfromthecrowd,butamomentlatertherewas(11)silence.Themanhaddisappearedunderthewater.Thousandsofeyes(12)ontheriver,butthemanwasdrowned.

In1902,acertainMissTaylordecidedtogooverthefallsinabarrel.Thereweredifferentkindsofpillowsinsidethebarreltopreventherfrom(13).Havingexaminedthebarrelcarefully,MissTaylorgotin.Thebarrelwasclosedandthen(14)intothewater.Havingreachedthefalls,itoverturnedandwasshotdownbytheterrible(15)ofthewater.Whenthebarrelwasfinallycaughtandopened,MissTaylorcameoutalive(16)withafrightenedlookinhereyes.

Onceacrowdofvisitorssawarope(17)overfromonebankoftherivertotheother.Thentheysawaman(18)therope.Themanwasanactor,Blondin(19).HemanagedtocrossNiagaraFallsonatightrope.Thepeopleonthebankweresurprisedathis(20)itsowell.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.within

B.inside

C.at

D.on

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.much

B.agreatnumber

C.mass

D.amass

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.howmuch

B.what

C.so

D.how

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Sometimes

B.Manytimes

C.Muchtime

D.Sometime

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.asif

C.like

D.likely

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.toappear

B.appearing

C.appeared

D.appear

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.by

C.through

D.from

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.attracted

B.drew

C.caused

D.pulled

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.gave

B.made

C.did

D.took

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.filling

B.fullof

C.filled

D.wasfilled

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.dead

B.dying

C.died

D.death

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.beingstopped

B.werefixing

C.werefixed

D.fixed

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.beinghurt

B.havinghurt

C.hurting

D.hurt

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.beingthrown

B.throwing

C.thrown

D.threw

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.power

B.strength

C.force

D.capacity

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.however

C.so

D.but

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.beingput

B.put

C.havingput

D.putting

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.stepacross

B.stepoutonto

C.stepalong

D.stepon

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.inname

B.underthenameof

C.byname

D.tothenameof

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.done

B.havingdone

C.havingbeendone

D.beingdone

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)句意“事實(shí)上,尼亞加拉瀑布的咆哮聲在25公里的范圍內(nèi)就能聽(tīng)到?!痹凇木嚯x內(nèi),用介詞within,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.考查邏輯連詞。muchof后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);沒(méi)有massof的表達(dá);agreatnumberof后只能接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);amassof后既可以接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),也可以接不可數(shù)名詞,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.考查感嘆句的用法。選項(xiàng)A和C不能引導(dǎo)感嘆句,所以首先排除。What和How引導(dǎo)感嘆句的用法分別為:What+形容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ);How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。這里是形容詞tremendous+名詞power,所以應(yīng)該使用what,選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)Sometimes“有時(shí),間或”;B選項(xiàng)Manytimes“多次”;C選項(xiàng)Muchtime“很多時(shí)間”;D選項(xiàng)Sometime“一段時(shí)間”。sometimeago意為“不久前”。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

5.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)as“如同,像……一樣”,用法為as…as…;B選項(xiàng)asif“似乎,好像”;C選項(xiàng)like“像……一樣”;D選項(xiàng)likely“很可能”。根據(jù)句意“它像一艘玩具船一樣飛快地順河而下?!敝挥羞x項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

6.考查非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞drop,所以填空處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu);其次根據(jù)句意“到達(dá)瀑布后,船掉進(jìn)了翻涌的水中,再也沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)”可知,這里表示的是將來(lái)不會(huì)發(fā)生的事情,所以應(yīng)使用不定式表將來(lái),選項(xiàng)A正確。

7.考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)句意“有些人想通過(guò)游泳渡過(guò)尼亞加拉河最危險(xiǎn)的部分而出名。”這里指通過(guò)某種方法,用介詞by,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attract“吸引,引起”;B選項(xiàng)draw“拖,拉,吸引”;C選項(xiàng)cause“導(dǎo)致,造成”;D選項(xiàng)pull“拉”。根據(jù)原文可知,韋伯船長(zhǎng)說(shuō)他將嘗試游過(guò)尼亞加拉河,這吸引了很多人的注意力。強(qiáng)調(diào)吸引注意力用draw,所以選項(xiàng)B更恰當(dāng)。

9.考查固定搭配。takeaplunge意為“一頭扎進(jìn)”,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

10.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意“他跳入水中使許多人充滿了恐懼。”filledwith意為“使充滿……”,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.考查固定搭配。deadsilence意為“死一般的寂靜”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

12.考查固定搭配。befixedon意為“盯著……”。句意“千萬(wàn)雙眼睛盯著河面”,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

13.考查固定用法和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意為“阻止某人做某事”。再根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,這里應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

14.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“桶被關(guān)上,然后被扔進(jìn)了水里”,這里表示的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),前面已有be動(dòng)詞was,填空處只需填入過(guò)去分詞即可,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)power“力量,能力”,多指人或國(guó)家甚至是某個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的權(quán)力、勢(shì)力或影響力;B選項(xiàng)strength“力量,力氣”,多指人的氣力或物體的強(qiáng)度;C選項(xiàng)force“力量,武力,魄力”,多指暴力或促使物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的勢(shì)力;D選項(xiàng)capacity“能力”。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指的是桶被水巨大的力量打翻了。這股力量是暴力的,并且能夠促使物體運(yùn)動(dòng),所以選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

16..考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)句意可知,當(dāng)木桶終于被抓到并打開(kāi)時(shí),泰勒小姐活著出來(lái)了,但她的眼睛里充滿了恐懼。表示轉(zhuǎn)折并且能夠連接兩個(gè)句子,只有選項(xiàng)D符合要求。

17.考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。seesb./sth.doing意為“看見(jiàn)……正在……”,再根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示繩索是被人放上去的,表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

18.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)stepacross“跨過(guò)”;B選項(xiàng)stepoutonto“走出去再踩上去”;C選項(xiàng)stepalong“走開(kāi)”;D選項(xiàng)stepon“踩上,踏上”。根據(jù)原文可知,這里是指這個(gè)人邁出一步然后踏上了繩索,所以選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

19.考查固定搭配。byname放在名字后面表示“名叫……,名字是……”。選項(xiàng)C正確。

20.考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示的是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),并且前面是介詞at,所以應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞形式,并且是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),只有選項(xiàng)B符合要求。

7.單選題

Allindividualsarerequiredto______tothelawsmadebytheirgovernments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.abide

B.conform

C.concede

D.observe

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)abide“接受,遵照”,后面常接介詞by;B選項(xiàng)conform“順從,遵守,符合”;C選項(xiàng)concede“承認(rèn),允許”;D選項(xiàng)observe“觀察”,observe表示“遵守”時(shí),是及物動(dòng)詞,不與to搭配。根據(jù)thelaws可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意:所有人都必須遵守本國(guó)政府制定的法律。

8.單選題

Itisfashionableinthesixtiesbutdefinitelypasseintheeighties.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.clivose

B.demode

C.abrim

D.xenial

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)clivose“小山的,丘陵的”;B選項(xiàng)demode“陳舊的;老式的”;C選項(xiàng)abrim“充滿著的”;D選項(xiàng)xenial“主客關(guān)系的;款待的”。句意:那在六十年代是時(shí)髦的,但在八十年代肯定是過(guò)時(shí)了。passe“已過(guò)盛年的;過(guò)時(shí)的;凋謝的”,B選項(xiàng)與該詞詞意最相近,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome.Butwhenitcomestobrewingupflutomakevaccines,sciencestillturnstotheincredibleedibleegg.Eversincethe1940s,vaccinemakershavegrownlargebatchesofvirusinsidechickeneggs.Butgiventhatsome36,000Americansdieofflueachyear,it’sremarkablethatourfirstlineofdefenseisstillwhatSecretaryofHealthandHumanServicesTommyThompsoncalls"thecumbersomeandarchaicegg-basedproduction."Newcell-basedtechnologiesareinthepipeline,however,andmayfinallygetthesupporttheyneednowthattheUnitedStatesisfacedwithacriticalshortageoffluvaccine.Althoughexpertsdisagreeonwhethernewwaysofproducingvaccinecouldhavepreventedashortageliketheonehappeningtoday,thereisnodoubtthattheexistingsystemhasseriousflaws.

Eachyear,vaccinemanufacturersplaceadvanceordersformillionsofspeciallygrownchickeneggs.Meanwhile,public-healthofficialsmonitorcirculatingstrainsofflu,andeachMarchtheyrecommendthreestrains—twoinfluenzaAstrainsandoneBstrain—formanufacturerstoincludeinvaccines.Inthelatespringandsummer,automatedmachinesinjectvirusintoeggsandlatersuckouttheinfluenza-richgoop.Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment.

Whyhasthiseggmethodpersistedforsixdecades?Themainreasonisthatit’sreliable.Buteventhoughtheeggsarereliable,theyhaveseriousdrawbacks.Oneisthelongleadtimeneededtoordertheeggs.Thatmeansit’shardtomakemorevaccineinahurry,incaseofashortageorunexpectedoutbreak.Andeggsmaysimplybetoocumbersometokeepupwiththehundredsofmillionsofdosesrequiredtohandlethedemandforfluvaccine.

What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.Lastyear,scientistswereunabletoincludetheFujianstraininthevaccineformulation.Itwasarelativelynewstrain,andmanufacturerssimplycouldn’tfindaquickwaytoadaptitsothatitgrewwellineggs.“Weknewthestrainwasoutthere,”recallsTheodoreEickhoffoftheUniversityofColoradoHealthSciencesCenter,“butpublic-healthofficialswereleftwithoutavaccine---and,consequently,amoreseverefluseason.”

Worse,thevirusesthatposethegreatestthreatmightbehardesttogrowineggs.That’sbecauseglobalpandemicsliketheonethatkilledover50millionpeoplebetween1918and1920arethoughttooccurwhenabirdinfluenzachangesinawaythatletsitcrossthespeciesbarrierandinfecthumans.Sincehumanshaven’tencounteredthenewvirusbefore,theyhavelittleprotectiveimmunity.ThedeadlybirdflucirculatinginAsiain1997and1998,forexample,worriedpublic-healthofficialsbecauseitspreadtosomepeoplewhohandledbirdsandkilledthem—althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans.Butwhenscientiststriedtomakevaccinetheold-fashionedway,thebirdfluquicklykilledtheeggs.

1.Themoon-landingismentionedinthefirstparagraphtoillustrate().

2.Whatstepisessentialtothetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine?

3.Theforemostreasonwhytheegg-basedmethodisdefectiveliesin().

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Intheauthor’sview,thenewvaccineproductionmethodseemstobe().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.technologycannotsolveallofourhumanproblems

B.progressinvaccineresearchforinfluenzahaslaggedbehind

C.greatachievementshavebeenmadebymeninexploringtheunknown

D.thedevelopmentofvaccineproductionmethodscannotbestopped

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Manufacturersimplantthevaccineintoorderedchickeneggs.

B.Scientistsidentifytheexactstrainsoonafteraflupandemicstarts.

C.Publichealthmeasuresaretakenasanimportantpandemic-fightingtool.

D.Virusesaredeadenedandmadecleanbeforebeingputintovaccineuse.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thecomplexprocessofvaccineproduction

B.itspotentialthreattohumanbeing

C.thelowsurvivalratefornewfluvaccines

D.itscontributiontothefluvaccineshortage

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Fluvaccinesnowmainlyuseegg-basedtechnology.

B.Abirdinfluenzahasoncecirculatedamonghumans.

C.Safetycanbegreatlyimprovedwithcell-culturevaccines.

D.Modernvaccineproductionmethodsaretoreplaceegg-basedmethods.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.remarkable

B.criticized

C.efficient

D.accepted

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞themoonlanding定位到文章第一段第一句“Moderntechnologyhasputmenonthemoonanddecipheredthehumangenome”,現(xiàn)代技術(shù)已經(jīng)把人類(lèi)送上了月球,并破譯了人類(lèi)基因組。緊接著第二句出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折詞but,說(shuō)到涉及培養(yǎng)流感病毒生產(chǎn)疫苗時(shí),科學(xué)家們居然還在使用可食用雞蛋。全文主要講述的是“雞蛋培育流感疫苗的方法”,因此此處提到“themoonlanding”只是以某方面的發(fā)達(dá)科技為下文論述做鋪墊,因此B選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗研究進(jìn)展滯后”符合題意。

第2題:2.推理判斷題。文章第二段介紹了本題說(shuō)到的thetraditionalproductionoffluvaccine傳統(tǒng)的流感疫苗生產(chǎn)過(guò)程。A選項(xiàng)“制造商將疫苗植入訂購(gòu)的雞蛋中”錯(cuò)在是“automatedmachinesinjectvirus”而不是制造商;B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家在流感大流行開(kāi)始后不久就確定了確切的毒株”在文中未提及確定毒株的速度;C選項(xiàng)“公共衛(wèi)生措施是抗擊疫情的重要手段”也未在本文提及;D選項(xiàng)“在投入疫苗使用之前,病毒被殺死并凈化”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段最后一句“Virusfromtheeggs’innardsgetskilledandprocessedtoremoveeggproteinsandothercontaminantsbeforebeingpackagedintovialsforfallshipment”,雞蛋內(nèi)部的病毒被殺死,經(jīng)過(guò)處理去除雞蛋蛋白和其他污染物,然后包裝成小瓶,準(zhǔn)備秋季裝運(yùn)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第一句What’smore,someflustrainsdon’tgrowwellineggs.(更重要的是,有些流感病毒在雞蛋里生長(zhǎng)不好)。C選項(xiàng)“新流感疫苗的低存活率”,文中說(shuō)流感病毒在雞蛋中生長(zhǎng)得不好,由此可推斷,流感疫苗的存活率低。A選項(xiàng)“疫苗生產(chǎn)的復(fù)雜過(guò)程”,不符合題意,可排除。B選項(xiàng)“它對(duì)人類(lèi)的潛在威脅”,不符合題意,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“它導(dǎo)致了流感疫苗的短缺”,不符合題意,可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“流感疫苗現(xiàn)在主要使用基于雞蛋的技術(shù)”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段中作者對(duì)于現(xiàn)在依然使用雞蛋生產(chǎn)流感疫苗感到不可思議,同時(shí)D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代疫苗生產(chǎn)方法正在取代以雞蛋為基礎(chǔ)的方法”可由此排除;B選項(xiàng)“禽流感曾經(jīng)在人類(lèi)中傳播”在文中最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中有“althoughthebugnevercirculatedamonghumans”說(shuō)明這種禽流感并未在人類(lèi)中傳播過(guò),可排除;C選項(xiàng)“細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)疫苗可以大大提高安全性”,文中未提到新方法的安全性,因此排除C。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。此處問(wèn)的是作者對(duì)于新疫苗培育方法的態(tài)度。第一段最后提到,新的細(xì)胞生產(chǎn)技術(shù)已經(jīng)投入使用,并且可能最終得到支持。因此可推斷出作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)方法是有可能被接受的。D選項(xiàng)accepted正確。

10.單選題

Noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience.()theword‘a(chǎn)mateur’doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.Then

C.Besides

D.Asaresult

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞和詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而,不過(guò)”;B選項(xiàng)then“然后;于是”;C選項(xiàng)besides“此外;而且”;D選項(xiàng)asaresult“結(jié)果;因此”。句意:在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域,專(zhuān)業(yè)人士和業(yè)余愛(ài)好者之間劃不出涇渭分明的界線。然而,“業(yè)余”一詞的確意味著相關(guān)人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學(xué)界。由題干中的“doescarryaconnotation確實(shí)暗示著”可知與前面存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Asnobbishpersonadulatesthosewhohaveuppersocialpositionanddespisesthoseofhumbleorigin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.flatters

B.fascinates

C.flutters

D.fluctuates

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.flatters奉承;討好B.fascinates深深吸引;迷住

C.flutters飄動(dòng);揮動(dòng)

D.fluctuates波動(dòng);起伏不定

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息despisesthoseofhumbleorigin(鄙視出身卑微的人)和thosewhohaveuppersocialposition(社會(huì)地位高的人)可知,adulates和despises是相反的詞義,despise表示“鄙視”,那么adulate則表示“奉承”的意思,A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近,故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】勢(shì)利的人奉承社會(huì)地位高的人,鄙視出身卑微的人。

12.單選題

PresidentCoolidge'sstatement,“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,”stillpointstoanimportanttruthtodaythatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusinessinstitutionspossessthisgreatprestige?

OnereasonisthatAmericansviewbusinessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsinsociety.SincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself;itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.

Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualbyensuringthatthereisnomonopolyofpower.Incontrasttoone,all-powerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofits.Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers'dollar,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlikeinferiorsorslaves.

Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly.Becausebusinessiscompetitive,manyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeopleandbusinessleadersarenot.ManyAmericansbelieve,then,thatcompetitionisasimportantas,orevenmoreimportantthan,democracyinpreservingfreedom.

Competitioninbusinessisalsobelievedtostrengthentheideaofequalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoestotheswiftestpersonregardlessofhisorhersocialclassbackground.CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocraticideaofinheritedprivilege.

1.Thestatement“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness”probablymeans“()”.

2.Americansbelievethattheycanrealizetheirpersonalvaluesonly().

3.Whocanbenefitfrombusinesscompetition?

4.Governmentisbelievedtodifferstrikinglyfrombusinessinthatgovernmentischaracterizedby().

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieves().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThebusinessinstitutionsinAmericaareconcernedwithcommerce

B.BusinessproblemsareofgreatimportancetotheAmericangovernment

C.BusinessisofprimaryconcerntoAmericans

D.Americaisagreatpowerinworldbusiness

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.whengivenequalityofopportunity

B.throughdoingbusiness

C.byprotectingtheirindividualfreedom

D.bywayofcompetition

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Honestbusinessmen

B.Bothbusinessmenandtheircustomers

C.Peoplewithidealsofequalityandfreedom

D.Bothbusinessinstitutionsandgovernment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itsabsolutecontrolofpower

B.itsfunctioninpreservingpersonalfreedom

C.itsroleinprotectingbasicAmericanvalues

D.itsdemocraticwayofexercisingleadership

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Americansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountries

B.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone'ssocialstatus

C.Americanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercountries

D.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmerica

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“句子‘ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness’可能是什么意思?”。第一段truthtodaythatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.(真相就是在美國(guó)社會(huì)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)比包括政府在內(nèi)的其他任何類(lèi)型的組織有更多的威望)說(shuō)明美國(guó)人很關(guān)注商業(yè)。因此ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness表達(dá)的意思是“商業(yè)是美國(guó)人第一關(guān)心的”。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)注的是商業(yè)”,這個(gè)選項(xiàng)邏輯沒(méi)問(wèn)題,但是比較片面;B項(xiàng)“商業(yè)問(wèn)題對(duì)美國(guó)政府很重要”和D項(xiàng)“美國(guó)是全球商業(yè)的強(qiáng)國(guó)”沒(méi)提到。故該題選C。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“美國(guó)人相信他們只有怎樣才能實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的個(gè)人價(jià)值?”。第二段最后一句Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself;itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不僅本身是良好的,它還是一種保護(hù)手段,其他基本的美國(guó)人價(jià)值觀都是受它的保護(hù),如個(gè)人自由、機(jī)會(huì)均等和努力工作等),由此可知美國(guó)人是可以通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的個(gè)人價(jià)值。B項(xiàng)“通過(guò)做生意”沒(méi)有提到,A項(xiàng)“給予平等的機(jī)會(huì)”和C項(xiàng)“保護(hù)個(gè)人自由”都是包括在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的保護(hù)機(jī)制里面,最終還是通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)才能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的價(jià)值。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)誰(shuí)有利?”。第三段第三句ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.(如果一個(gè)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)試圖不公平地利用它的顧客,它就會(huì)輸給那些對(duì)待顧客更公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手),由此推斷出競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不僅有利于顧客的利益,也有利于公平對(duì)待客戶的商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)。A項(xiàng)“誠(chéng)實(shí)的商人”不夠全面;C項(xiàng)“擁有平等和自由理想的人們”和D項(xiàng)“商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和政府”中的政府均未提及。因此B選項(xiàng)“商人和顧客”正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“人們認(rèn)為政府與商業(yè)有顯著的不同,因?yàn)檎奶攸c(diǎn)是什么?”。第四段第一句Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly.(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的商業(yè)和政府的壟斷總是經(jīng)常拿來(lái)對(duì)比),可以推斷出政府和商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)相比,政府的壟斷是權(quán)利上的操控,B項(xiàng)“保護(hù)個(gè)人自由的功能”這是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的特點(diǎn);C項(xiàng)“保護(hù)美國(guó)基本價(jià)值觀方面的作用”沒(méi)有提到;D項(xiàng)“行使領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的民主方式”,只提到了政府的壟斷,沒(méi)有提到民主。因此A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)權(quán)利的絕對(duì)控制”正確。

5.【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章可以推斷出作者相信什么?”。最后一段第三句CompetitivesuccessiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamilybackground.(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的成功被美國(guó)人視為基于家庭背景而產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)地位的替代),即美國(guó)是不依靠家庭背景決定社會(huì)地位,從而推斷出,相反其他國(guó)家就要依靠社會(huì)地位。A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人比其他國(guó)家的人更具野心”、C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)商業(yè)比其他國(guó)家更民主”和D項(xiàng)“其他國(guó)家的商業(yè)不像美國(guó)商業(yè)一樣有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性”沒(méi)有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)“許多國(guó)家的成功取決于一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位”正確。

13.單選題

Televisionhasbecomesuchapopularinformationmediumthat().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alotofmagazinesandnewspapershavegonebroke

B.loadsofmagazinesandnewspaperscannotcompetewell

C.manymagazinesandnewspapersdonotgetreadbyverymanypeopleanymore

D.manymagazinesandnewspapershavelostmostoftheirreaders

【答案】D

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。題干句意為:電視已經(jīng)成為這樣一種受歡迎的信息媒介以至于……。題干用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),因此空格處也應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。故排除B和C。而A項(xiàng)“許多雜志和報(bào)紙破產(chǎn)了”過(guò)于絕對(duì),因此無(wú)論從句意還是從時(shí)態(tài)上來(lái)說(shuō),D項(xiàng)“許多雜志和報(bào)紙失去了大部分讀者”正確。

14.單選題

Parentshavealegal()toensurethattheirchildrenareprovidedwithefficienteducationsuitabletotheirage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impulse

B.obligation

C.influence

D.sympathy

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。impulse沖動(dòng);obligation義務(wù),職責(zé);influence影響;sympathy同情,慰問(wèn)。句意:父母有法律__確保其子女接受符合他們年齡的有效的教育。根據(jù)句意可知,父母有確保孩子受教育權(quán)的義務(wù)。故B項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Itisessentialtobeonthe()foranysignsofmovementintheundergrowthsincetherearepoisonoussnakesinthearea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.guard

B.care

C.alert

D.alarm

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配。根據(jù)句意可知此處要填一個(gè)詞與beonthe...for構(gòu)成搭配,表示“警惕、提防”的意思,care和alarm都不能與之構(gòu)成搭配,beonthealertfor是固定搭配表示“警惕、提防”的意思,guard通常的用法是beonguardfor,guard的前面不需要加定冠詞the,所以此處應(yīng)該選擇alert,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

16.單選題

Whenherealizedhehadbeen()tosignthecontractbyintrigue,hethreatenedtostartlegalproceedingstocanceltheagreement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elicited

B.excited

C.deduced

D.induced

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:當(dāng)他意識(shí)到自己上當(dāng)欺騙,被

簽約時(shí),他威脅說(shuō)要通過(guò)法律程序終止協(xié)議。

elicit引出,探出;excite為……感到興奮;deduce推論,演繹;induce引誘,誘導(dǎo)。A項(xiàng)elicited雖然語(yǔ)義上符合句意,但是elicited形容主語(yǔ)時(shí)一般為主動(dòng)形式,這里是被動(dòng),所以排除。

17.單選題

Thattradeprotectionhurtstheeconomyofthecountrythatimposesitisoneoftheoldestbutstillmoststartlinginsightseconomicshastooffer.Theideadatesbacktotheoriginofeconomicscienceitself.AdamSmith’sTheWealthofNations,whichgavebirthtoeconomics,alreadycontainedtheargumentforfreetrade:byspecializinginproductioninsteadofproducingeverything,eachnationwouldprofitfromfreetrade.Ininternationaleconomicsitisthedirectcounterparttotheideathatpeoplewithinanationaleconomywillbebetteroffiftheyspecializeatwhattheydobestinsteadoftryingtobeself-sufficient

Itisimportanttodistinguishbetweenthecasesforfreetradeforoneselfandthecaseforfreetradeforall.Theformerisanargumentforfreetradetoimproveonenation’sownwelfare(the"national-efficiency”argument).Thelatterisanargumentforfreetradetoimproveeverytradingcountry'swelfare(the"cosmopolitan-efficiency"argument).

Underlyingbothcasesistheassumptionthatfreemarketsdetermineprices,butgovernmentsmaydistortmarketpricesby,forexample,subsidizingproductionorgovernmentsmayprotectintellectualpropertyinadequately,causingunderproductionofnewknowledge.

Thecosmopolitan-efficiencycaseforfreetradeisrelevanttoquestionssuchasthedesignofinternationaltraderegimes.Thenational-efficiencycaseforfreetradeconcernsnationaltradepolicies;itis

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