書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京森林警察學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Notonly______muchbiggerthananyplanet,butunliketheplanets,itconsistscompletelyofgaseousmaterial.

問題1選項

A.thesunis

B.thesun,whichis

C.isthesun

D.thatthesun

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：太陽不僅比任何行星都要大得多，而且不同的是，它完全由氣體物質(zhì)組成。根據(jù)題目和選項確定考查固定搭配notonly…but的部分倒裝，notonly放在句首的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為notonly+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞+主語+其他，C選項isthesun選項符合題意。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Therearemanywaystorecycleusedmaterials,forexample,___rubberfromoldtires.

問題1選項

A.detecting

B.declaring

C.reclaiming

D.requiring

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項detect“察覺；發(fā)現(xiàn)；探測”；B選項declare“宣布，聲明；斷言，宣稱”；C選項reclaim“開拓；回收再利用；改造某人，使某人悔改；抗議，喊叫”；D選項require“需要；要求；命令”。句意：有很多方法回收使用過的材料，例如，從舊輪胎中回收橡膠。結(jié)合此處語境，C選項正確。

3.單選題

Thecomputercanbeprogrammedto（）awholevarietyoftasks.

問題1選項

A.assign

B.tackle

C.realize

D.solve

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項assign表示“分配；指派”，B選項tackle表示“應(yīng)付，著手處理”，C選項realize表示“意識到”，D選項solve表示“解決（問題、難題等）”。由句意可知，計算機可以編程，解決各種各樣的任務(wù)。因此，只有B選項可以搭配賓語task，故本題正確答案為B選項。

4.單選題

Thecostsassociatedwithnaturaldisastersareincreasingrapidly.Asaresult,officialsingovernmentandindustryhavefocusedmoreattentionondisastersandtheireffects.TheWhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyhasestimatedthatdisasterscostthecountryabout$1billionperweek.HurricaneAndrew,theMidwestfloodof1993,andtheHanshinearthquakehaveshownthatindividualdisasterscancosttensifnothundredsofbillionsofdollars.Thisincreasingcosthasresultedingreaterfundingfromgovernmentandindustryforthedevelopmentoftechnologiesrelatedtodisasterprediction,andhasledtomoreresearchintotheeffectiveuseofpredictiveinformation.

Theinsuranceindustryhaslongbeenawareofthedangersofnaturaldisasters;the1906earthquakeinSanFrancisco,California,bankruptedscoresofinsurancecompanies.Buttheindustryhasfocusedparticularattentionondisasterpredictioninrecentyears,asspiralingcostsrevealedthatmanycompanieshadunderestimatedtheirfinancialexposure.Forinstance,priortoHurricaneAndrewin1992,manyinsuranceexpertsthoughtthattheworsthurricanepossiblewoulddonomorethan$8billionindamagestotheindustry.ThedamagescausedbyHurricaneAndrew,estimatedatabout$17billion,shatteredthesebeliefs.Today,estimatesofworst-casedisasterscenariosapproach$100billion.

Theinsuranceindustryhasthereforeincreaseditssupportforresearchintodisasterprediction.OnesucheffortinvolvesanumberofcompaniesthathavejoinedtogethertosupporttheBermuda-basedRiskPredictionInitiative,whichfundsdisasterresearch.Theexpectationisthattheresultinginformationwillplacetheindustryonamoresolidfoundationtomakedecisionsabouttheriskoffuturedisasters.Theindustryhasalsolobbiedforthegovernmenttobearsomeofthefinancialburdenofdisasterinsurance.Suchaprogramalreadyexistsforfloodinsurance,setupinthelate1960sbythefederalgovernmenttoinsureflood-proneareas.Thesetypesofprograms,effectivelyimplemented,couldbeincreasinglynecessaryinthefuturetomakeinsuranceavailableinareaspronetodisasters.

Becausethestakesaresohigh,thescienceofdisasterpredictionhasabrightfuture.Thevariousprojectsandprogramsillustratethatdisasterpredictionisatopicofconcerntoscientistsandpolicymakersalike.Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthattheeffectiveuseofdisasterpredictionsnotonlyrequiresadvancedtechnologybutalsorequiresthatsocietyconsidertheentireprocessofprediction—forecasts,communication,anduseofinformation.Becausetheycannotpredictthefuturewithcertainty,andbecausemuchremainstobelearned,scientistswarnthatsocietymustunderstandthelimitsofscientificpredictionsandbepreparedtoemployalternatives.Wiselyused,however,disasterpredictionhasthepotentialtoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisasters.

1.Theresultoftheincreasingcostsinnaturaldisastersis（）.

2.ThedifferencebetweentheactuallosscausedbyHurricaneAndrewandthelossestimatedbyinsurancecompaniesbeforethehurricaneis（）.

3.Thepurposeofinsurancecompaniestosupportdisasterpredictionresearchisthat（）.

4.Theword“tsunamis”(Line3,Para.4)mostlikelyrefersto（）?

5.Thekeyfactortoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisastersis（）.

問題1選項

A.greatlosssufferedbycommercialcompanies

B.government’sincreasedattentionondisaster

C.individual’sawarenesstonaturaldisasters

D.morefundstosupportthepredictionresearch

問題2選項

A.1billiondollars

B.8billiondollars

C.9billiondollars

D.17billiondollars

問題3選項

A.companieswanttomakemoneyfromtheinsuredplaces

B.companiesmaythushaveabetterideaofthefuturerisks

C.companiescangetmoresympathiesfromthegovernment

D.companiesintendtomakeuseofpeople’strustintheindustry

問題4選項

A.violentstormwithwhirlingwindsinthefunnel-shapedcloud

B.aseriesofhugeanddestructivewaves,usuallycausedbylargeearthquakesbeneaththeocean

C.mountainfromwhichlava,cinders,steam,gasesescapethroughopeningsintheearth’scrust

D.stormwithaviolentwind,esp.acycloneintheWestAtlantic

問題5選項

A.insurancecompaniesshouldbewiseenoughintheirestimatesoflosses

B.thegovernmentshouldbearsomeofthefinancialrisksofdisasterinsurance

C.thegeneralpublicshouldbemadefullyawareofthepossibledamages

D.technologyshouldbeimprovedandthreephasesofpredictionbeconsidered

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞theincreasingcost可以定位到原文首段“Thisincreasingcosthasresultedingreaterfundingfromgovernmentandindustryforthedevelopmentoftechnologiesrelatedtodisasterprediction,andhasledtomoreresearchintotheeffectiveuseofpredictiveinformation.”，中文翻譯為：這種不斷增加的損失已讓政府和企業(yè)為開發(fā)與災(zāi)難預(yù)測相關(guān)的技術(shù)提供了更多的資金，且已帶來對預(yù)測信息有效利用的更多研究。因此D選項“更多資金去支持預(yù)測研究”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Forinstance,priortoHurricaneAndrewin1992,manyinsuranceexpertsthoughtthattheworsthurricanepossiblewoulddonomorethan$8billionindamagestotheindustry.ThedamagescausedbyHurricaneAndrew,estimatedatabout$17billion,shatteredthesebeliefs.”，中文翻譯為：例如，在1992年安德魯颶風(fēng)發(fā)生前，很多保險公司專家認(rèn)為工業(yè)可能的最嚴(yán)重?fù)p失將至多80億美元。而安德魯颶風(fēng)所造成的被估計大約為170億美元的損失卻打破了這些看法?？赏茢喑鯟項“90億美元”正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第三段“Theexpectationisthattheresultinginformationwillplacetheindustryonamoresolidfoundationtomakedecisionsabouttheriskoffuturedisasters.”，中文翻譯為：這種期望是，產(chǎn)生的消息將讓該行業(yè)（即保險業(yè)）有更可靠的基礎(chǔ)去決策未來災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險?？芍鸢笧锽項“公司可能因此對未來風(fēng)險有更好的了解”。

4.【試題解析】詞匯題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞tsunamis可以定位到文章第四段第三句話“Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthat…”，中文翻譯為：颶風(fēng)、龍卷風(fēng)、洪水、地震、海嘯和火山都表明了……可以判斷出該單詞為“海嘯”，因此B項“一系列巨大且破壞性的波浪，通常是海底大地震導(dǎo)致的”正確。

5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第四段第三句話“Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthattheeffectiveuseofdisasterpredictionsnotonlyrequiresadvancedtechnologybutalsorequiresthatsocietyconsidertheentireprocessofprediction―forecasts,communication,anduseofinformation.”，中文翻譯為：颶風(fēng)、龍卷風(fēng)、洪水、地震、海嘯和火山都表明，有效利用災(zāi)害預(yù)測不僅需要先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，而且需要社會考慮預(yù)測的整個過程——預(yù)測、通信和信息的使用。可知答案為D“應(yīng)該改進(jìn)技術(shù)，考慮預(yù)測的三個階段”。

5.單選題

Thegovernormightconceivablyfindagenuineresolutiontothebudgetarydilemma,butshemaybetemptedtoengageinadeception:a_______exerciseinfiscalprudence.

問題1選項

A.rigorous

B.blatant

C.specious

D.convincing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項rigorous“嚴(yán)密的；嚴(yán)格的”；B選項blatant“公然的；炫耀的”；C選項specious“似是而非的；華而不實的”；D選項convincing“有說服力的”。句意：可以想象，這位州長可能會找到一個真正的解決預(yù)算困境的辦法，但她可能會被誘導(dǎo)去搞一場騙局：一個_______的財政審慎行動。根據(jù)語境，specious“似是而非的；華而不實的”搭配deception“騙局”比較合理。因此C選項正確。

6.單選題

Byadaptingtoyourmentalcondition,youcan（）moreinlesstime.

問題1選項

A.complement

B.implement

C.compliment

D.accomplish

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:complement“補足”；B:implement“實施”；C:;compliment“恭維”；D:accomplish“完成”。句意：通過調(diào)整你的心理狀態(tài)，你能在更短的時間里完成更多任務(wù)。結(jié)合句意，故D為正確答案。

7.單選題

Myneighbortendedtoreactinaheatand（）way.

問題1選項

A.impetuous

B.impertinent

C.imperative

D.imperceptible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。impetuous“性急的，魯莽的”；impertinent“無關(guān)的，不恰當(dāng)?shù)?，不相干的”；imperative“必要的，緊急的，極重要的”；imperceptible“察覺不出的，感覺不到的”。句意：我鄰居傾向于用一種激烈、魯莽的方式做出反應(yīng)。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Seniorgovernmentfigures（）inthecover-up.

問題1選項

A.couldhaveacquired

B.musthaveacquiesced

C.mighthavedone

D.willhaverequired

【答案】B

【解析】句意:政府高級官員必然已經(jīng)默許掩蓋真相。

考查短語辨析。空格處動詞與in搭配，后面接賓語cover-up(掩蓋，掩飾)。Acquiesceinsth.默然接受…；默許；順從。

9.單選題

()thatshouldbegivenpriorityto.

問題1選項

A.Itisthecommitteehasdecided

B.Itisonlythecommitteehasdecided

C.Itiswhatthecommitteehasdecided

D.Itiswhathasthecommitteedecided

【答案】C

【解析】考查強調(diào)句型。該句強調(diào)部分是被動句的主語whatthecommitteehasdecided。句意：委員會的決定應(yīng)該優(yōu)先執(zhí)行。因此C選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Youmustletmehavetheannualreportwithout（）byteno’clocktomorrowmorning.

問題1選項

A.failure

B.hesitation

C.trouble

D.fail

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。withoutfail為固定搭配,表示“必定,務(wù)必”。句意為:你必須在明天早上十點之前把年度報告交給我。所以選項D正確。

11.單選題

Thereisno（）inapplyingforthatjobasyouarenotproperlyqualified.

問題1選項

A.reason

B.point

C.result

D.chance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項reason“理由”；B選項point“要點”；C選項result“結(jié)果”；D選項chance“機會”。句意：申請那份工作是沒有……的，因為你不夠資格。根據(jù)Thereisnopoint“沒有必要的”，結(jié)合句意可知，選項B正確。

12.單選題

WhenIwasalittlegirl,lovedformymomtotellmestoriesaboutherself.Nomatterhowtiredshewas,sheneveradumbratedthem.Shewouldfillthemwithminutestdetails,andtheywerealwaysfascinating.Myfavoritestorywastheoneabouthowmymommetmydad:“Iwas17-years-old,butIalreadyknewthekindofmanIwouldmarry.Hewouldnotbetoogarrulous.Itellyou,Rosa,it’simportantforamantotaketimetolistentowhatyouhavetosay,andneverimpertinent.Politenessisagoodtrait.”

“Well,I’msupposedtobetellingyouaboutthedayImetyourdaddy,right?Okay,soIwasridingtheAmtraktrainbetweenProvidenceandPhiladelphiaduringmyfreshmanyearatBrown,andthedoorattheendofmycarrattledopen.Hewastallandswarthy.Heworeathickivorycableknitsweaterwithagraywoolscarfwrappedfirmlyaroundhisneck.Icouldn’ttellwhathisheritagewasandthatintriguedme.WhatwasheIndian,Portuguese,Peruvian?”MomwouldpausehereandIwouldshout“CapeVerdean!”She’dcontinue.“Well,ifIhadbeenshyImighthavejustlookedoutthetrainwindow.ButthenwherewouldIbenow?Youwouldn’tevenbehere!SoIletmyeyeslockwithhisashewobbleddownthemovingtrain.”

“Hesmiledaslightsmile,notabigone.Hiseyesraisedjustenoughtoletmeknowhehadsportedmetoo.”Ialwayslovedthislineandwouldsmileattheimageofmydadstumblingdownthetrainandthennoticingmyradiantmom.“SoRosa,oncewespottedeachother,yourdadfoundinfinitereasonstowalkpastmetogotothecafecar.Iwassittingbymyselfalongtheaisle.Sofinally,Ijustslidovertothewindow,leavingtheseatnexttomeempty.Yourdadcamebackwithtwocupsofhotcocoaandsatdownwithasmile.Andwehadthemostdelightfulconversation!”

“Icouldtellrightthenthatthiswasnoephemeralcrushthiswastherealdeal.Iwasgoingtoenduplovingthismanforever.”HerecomesthepartIlovedbestaboutthestory.“WepullintothetrainstationinPhiladelphia,andit’stimeformetogetoff.HewasheadingontoWashingtonwherehewasgoingtoschool.IpreparedmyselfforsomehackneyedexpressionasIgotoffthetrain.Youknow,greatmeetingyou,oryou’retheappleofmyeye.Ialsoworriedhemighttrytosneakasmooch.Whichwouldhavebeenabigturnoff.We’djustmet!Instead,hetookmyhandgentlyandgaveitalittlesqueeze.Hesaid,4Ifit’sthethoughtthatcounts,consideryourselfkissed.”

Mamasaidshejustaboutdiedwhenhesaidthat!Thenshesaidtoherself,“Thatmanwillbemyhusband.”Andsoheis.

1.Asusedinthispassage,whichisthebestantonymfor“adumbrated”(Para.1)?

2.WhymighttheauthorhavechosenRosaasthenarratoreventhoughitishermotherwhoistellingthemainstory?

3.Whatisimpliedintheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2?(“Well.IfIhadbeenshy,...themovingtrain.’’)

4.Whichisthebestantonymfor“hackneyed”(Para.4)?

5.WhatmayRosa’smombemeaningtoconveytoherchildbytellingthisstoiy?

問題1選項

A.Invented

B.lengthened

C.understated

D.simplified

問題2選項

A.TomakethereaderlearnthestoryfromRosa’sperspective.

B.Tomakeitclearthatthestoryhappenedalongtimeago.

C.TomakeitclearthatRosa’smotherhaspassedaway.

D.Tomakethestoryseemmorestraightforward.

問題3選項

A.Assoonastheylockedeyestheyfellinlove.

B.Itisbesttobeoutspokeninallcircumstances.

C.Rosareallywantedtojustlookoutthewindow.

D.Aslightchangecouldhavegreatlyalteredherlife.

問題4選項

A.happy

B.humorous

C.original

D.over-used

問題5選項

A.Theadviceonwhattolookforinapartner

B.Theyearningtogobacktothattimeandplace

C.Theideathateducationshouldcomebeforemarriage

D.ThesuggestionthatRosamightfindherhusbandonatrain.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.“adumbrated”本意為‘預(yù)示；畫...的輪廓’。A‘Invented’意為‘發(fā)明的’；B‘lengthened’意為‘加長的，詳細(xì)的’；C‘understated’意為‘理解的’；D‘simplified’意為‘簡單化的’。根據(jù)“Nomatterhowtiredshewas,sheneveradumbratedthem.Shewouldfillthemwithminutestdetails無論她多累，她從不只講故事大概，而是詳細(xì)地講述，本題要求選與“adumbrated”詞義相反的詞，所以B選項‘lengthened’符合題意，正確。

2.本文是選擇Rosa來敘述自己媽媽與自己爸爸邂逅相愛的故事，全文以Rosa敘述故事，正是要讓讀者從她的角度了解故事如何發(fā)展；而B和C選項很明顯不符合文意，D選項“讓故事看起來更簡單明了”的方式應(yīng)該是以Rosa媽媽第一人稱視角講述更為直觀。

3.根據(jù)句意“Well.IfIhadbeenshy...themovingtrain.”譯為“若當(dāng)時我太羞澀，我可能就望向窗外。然而那么我現(xiàn)在會在哪兒呢？你是不會在這兒的！所以在他晃蕩著下火車時，我的目光牢牢地鎖住了他?！贝_定D選項正確。A選項‘讓讀者從Rosa的角度聽故事‘、B選項‘表明故事發(fā)生在很久以前’和C選項‘表明Rosa的媽媽已經(jīng)過世‘都與文章大意不符，排除。

4.選擇"hackneyed（陳腐的；平庸的）的反義詞，但不知道hackneyed的意思怎么辦呢，我們可以根據(jù)“preparedmyselfforsomehackneyedexpressionasIgotoffthetrain.Youknow,Greatmeetingyou,orYou’retheappleofmyeye.”（當(dāng)我要下火車時，我自己準(zhǔn)備了些如“很高興見到你”，“你是我的摯愛”等表達(dá)。）我們可以看出我當(dāng)時準(zhǔn)備的是客套的常規(guī)表達(dá)，所以hackneyed的意思就能推斷出來，其反義詞應(yīng)該是C項的“original新穎的，獨創(chuàng)的”。

5.從文中第二段“butIalreadyknewthekindofmanIwouldmany...”即可判斷Rosa媽媽講述她和爸爸的故事來告訴Rosa找什么樣的伴侶。A選項符合。其他三項B渴望回到那時那景，C認(rèn)為受教育要在婚前，D暗示Rosa可能會在火車上遇到自己的丈夫與文章主旨不符。

13.單選題

AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestionswiththeircell-phonecamerasandtransmittedthemtoclassmates.Theuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.“Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents,”saysRonYasbin,deanoftheCollegeofSciencesofUNLV.

Withavarietyofelectronicdevices,Americanstudentsfinditeasiertocheat.Andcollegeofficialsfindthemselvesinanewgameofcatandmouse.Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.

“Itisannoying.Myhand-writingissobad.”saidRyanDapremont,21whojustfinishedhisthirdyearatPepperdineUniversityinCalifornia.Hehadtotakehisexamsonpaper.Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarism(剽竊)inwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.

Still,somestudentssaidtheythoughtcheatingthesedayswasmoreaproductofthemindset,notthetoolsathand.“Somepeopleputtoomuchemphasisonwherethey’regoingtogointhefuture,andallthey’rethinkingaboutisgraduateschoolandthenextstep,”saidLindsayNicholas,athird-yearstudentatUCLA.Sheaddedthatpressuretosucceed“sometimescloudseverythingandmakespeopledothingsthattheyshouldn’tdo.”

Someprofessorssaidtheytriedtowriteexamsforwhichitwashardtocheat,posingquestionsthatoutsideresourceswouldnothelpanswer.Manyofficialssaidthattheyrelyoncampushonorcodes.Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.

1.OnestudentatUCLAwasfoundcheating（）.

2.AccordingtoRonYasbin,allthecheatingstudents（）.

3.Towinthenewgameofcatandmouseinexaminations,thecollegeofficialshaveto（）.

4.AccordingtoRyanDapremont,（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythemostsignificantmeasuretofightcheating?

問題1選項

A.whenhewasloadinghisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildevicet

B.whenhewastryingtotelltheanswerstohisclassmatest

C.aftertheuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystemt

D.afterhisclassmatereportedhischeatingtotheauthorityt

問題2選項

A.shouldbeseverelypunishedfortheirdishonestyt

B.didn’thavemuchtimetostudybeforetheexamt

C.couldgetthehighestgradesiftheyhadstudiedhardenought

D.couldbeexcusedbecausetheywerenotfamiliarwiththenewsystemt

問題3選項

A.usemanyhigh-techdevicest

B.cutoffInternetaccessoncampust

C.turntotheoralexaminationformst

D.cutofftheuseofhigh-techdevicest

問題4選項

A.examinationstakenwithpensandpaperwereuselessinfightingcheatingt

B.hisexaminationpaperwasunder-gradedbecauseofhisbadhand-writingt

C.cheatingwasmoreseriousinwritingpapersthaninexaminationst

D.itwasmoredifficultforhimtoliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternett

問題5選項

A.Puttinglessemphasisonwherethestudentsaregoingtogointhefuture.t

B.Lettingstudentsknowthathonestyismoreimportant.t

C.Writingexaminationsforwhichitishardtocheat.t

D.Settingupmorestrictcampushonorcodes.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的一名學(xué)生被發(fā)現(xiàn)作弊……”。第一段指出AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.（在加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校(UCLA)，一名學(xué)生將他的課堂筆記加載到一個手持電子郵件設(shè)備中，并試圖在考試時閱讀它們：一個同學(xué)告發(fā)了他），由此可知D項“在他的同學(xué)向當(dāng)局報告了他的作弊行為后”正確。A項“當(dāng)他把他的課堂筆記載入一個手持電子郵件設(shè)備時”，這是作弊的方法；B項“當(dāng)他試圖把答案告訴他的同學(xué)時”，內(nèi)容與原文不符；C項“在學(xué)校實行了新的考試監(jiān)督制度后”，第一段提到AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestions…putinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.（在拉斯維加斯的內(nèi)華達(dá)大學(xué)(UNLV)，學(xué)生們用手機攝像頭拍攝試題……實行了新的考試監(jiān)督制度），由此可知實行新的考試監(jiān)督制度是內(nèi)華達(dá)大學(xué)，而不是加州大學(xué)，C項錯誤。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“據(jù)羅恩雅斯賓說，所有作弊的學(xué)生……”。第一段最后一句雅斯賓提到了Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents（如果他們花同樣多的時間學(xué)習(xí)，他們都能成為優(yōu)等生），由此可知C項“如果他們學(xué)習(xí)足夠努力，他們能得最高分”符合題意。A項“他們的不誠實應(yīng)該受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰”、B項“考試前沒有太多時間學(xué)習(xí)”和D項“因為他們不熟悉新系統(tǒng)所以可以被原諒”在文中雅斯賓都沒有提到過。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“為了在新的考試中贏得貓和老鼠的游戲，大學(xué)管理者們必須……”。根據(jù)第二段第三句Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.（為了打擊考試季的作弊行為，他們切斷了筆記本電腦的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，要求考生在考試前交出手機，或者干脆要求考生用紙筆考試）可知，D項“停止使用高科技設(shè)備”正確；A項“多使用高科技設(shè)備”和C項“變?yōu)榭谠囆问健眱?nèi)容與原文相反；B項“切斷校園內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，原文提到的是切斷筆記本的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，不是校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)，B項錯誤。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“RyanDapremont表示……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段，Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarisminwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.（Dapremont說，技術(shù)讓作弊變得更容易，但寫論文時的剽竊可能是最大的問題；學(xué)生們可以從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上抄襲別人的作品，而不用注明出處），由此可推斷，論文作弊比考試作弊更嚴(yán)重，因此C項“寫作作弊比考試作弊更嚴(yán)重”正確。A項“紙筆考試對于打擊作弊毫無用處”，文章只提及技術(shù)讓作弊更加容易，A項斷章取義；B項“由于他的字寫得很差，他的試卷評了低分”文中沒有提到他由于字寫得差而打了低分；D項“對他來說，從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上摘抄別人的作品就更難了”，內(nèi)容與原文相反。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“下面哪個可能是打擊作弊最重要的措施？”。文章最后一句提到Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.（他們說最重要的事情是首先要教學(xué)生不要作弊），由此可知，打擊作弊最重要的措施是給學(xué)生建立誠實的考試原則，所以B項“讓學(xué)生知道誠實更重要”符合題意。A項“不太重視學(xué)生將來的去向”，這不屬于措施；C項“很難作弊的寫作考試”和D項“建立更嚴(yán)格的校園榮譽守則”是具體的方法，與題干不符。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

14.單選題

Lazinessisasin,everyoneknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasiesmaypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievements,thattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever“l(fā)esser”workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating—reschedulingtheirday.

Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators(拖延者),somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating,researching.Weshouldallrememberthatsomegreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychanceorwhilesomeonewas“goofingoff(游手好閑)”,Newtonwasn’tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone“l(fā)azy”buildthecarorstovewebuy,particularlyifthat“l(fā)aziness”werecausedbytheworker’stakingtimetocheckeachstepofhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,being“l(fā)ady”—thatis,takingtimeoffforarest-isgoodforanoverworkedstudentor,executive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho’ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyevenings,attheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

2.Thepassagestatesthat______.

3.Whichofthefollowingconclusiondoesthepassagesupport?

4.Thefinalparagraphis______.

5.Theword“devised”inPara.2means______.

問題1選項

A.lazinessisamoralsin

B.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazy

C.lazinessindicatesdeep-seatedemotionalproblems

D.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork

問題2選項

A.lazinessisadisease

B.somelazypeopleareinsecure

C.lazinessismorebeneficialthanharmful

D.agooddefinitionoflazinessisemotionalillness

問題3選項

A.Thewordlazinessissometimesappliedincorrectly.

B.Mostofthetimelazinessisavirtue.

C.Mostassemblylineworkersarelazy.

D.Mostinsecurepeoplearelazy.

問題4選項

A.somber

B.humorous

C.serious

D.trite(陳腐的)

問題5選項

A.formulate

B.understood

C.wrote

D.proved

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段講了懶惰是一種罪惡，第二段又指出懶惰也會起到很大的作用，說明本文主要講的是懶惰的壞處和好處。因此B選項“懶惰有好處也有壞處”最能概括文章主旨。A選項“懶惰是一種道德上的罪惡”，C選項“懶惰表明了根深蒂固的情感問題”，D選項“懶惰的人做的工作更仔細(xì)”均不能完整地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第五句Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.（他們可能非常不信任他們的同事，以至于無法參加任何小組任務(wù)，因為害怕被嘲笑或擔(dān)心他們的想法被竊取。），說明懶惰表明了一種根深蒂固的情感問題。因此D選項“對于懶惰的一個很好的定義是情感疾病”正確。A選項“懶惰是一種疾病”，B選項“一些懶惰的人沒有安全感”，C選項“懶惰的好處多于壞處”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后兩句Sobecarefulwhenyou’retemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,orplanninghisorhernextbook.（所以當(dāng)