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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中山大學(xué)新華學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Howmanyofus(

),say,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?

問題1選項

A.attended

B.attending

C.toattend

D.haveattended

【答案】B

【解析】考查分詞作定語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),“say”為插入語,“thatisirrelevanttous”為定語,句中主干為:Howmanyofus

ameetingwouldbeinterestedinthediscussion?wouldbeinterestedin是謂語,那么空格處為非謂語動詞,作定語修飾名詞us。不定式作定語表未發(fā)生的,現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表主動關(guān)系,所指的時間既可以指過去,也可指現(xiàn)在。過去分詞作定語表被動關(guān)系,因此選B。

句意:比如說,參加一個與我們毫不相干的會議,那么我們當(dāng)中有多少人會對會議上的討論感興趣呢?

2.單選題

Thepresident’scompassionfortheneighboringrefugeescausedhimtoadmitaverylargenumberofthemintohiscountry.

問題1選項

A.friendship

B.pity

C.respect

D.hostility

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。由后半句的結(jié)果“許多鄰國難民都來到這個國家”可推知前面的原因應(yīng)該是總統(tǒng)對鄰國難民的同情。compassion同情,憐憫;friendship友誼;pity憐憫,同情;respect尊重;hostility敵意。故B項正確。

3.單選題

Nowonderthatman’sgreatdreamhasbeensomedaytocontroltheweather.Thefirststep

A

B

towardcontrolis,ofcourse,knowledge,andscientistshavebeenhardatworkforyearstrying

C

tokeeptrackfortheweather.

D

問題1選項

A.Nowonder

B.man’s

C.hardatwork

D.keeptrackfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。keeptrackof意為“了解,記錄,保持聯(lián)系”。

試題答案:D;keeptrackof

4.單選題

Asa(

)actor,hecanperform,sing,danceandplayseveralkindsofmusicalinstruments.

問題1選項

A.flexible

B.versatile

C.sophisticated

D.productive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。flexible“靈活的,柔韌的”;versatile“多才多藝的”;sophisticated“世故的”;productive“高產(chǎn)的”。句意:作為一個多才多藝的演員,他會表演、唱歌、跳舞,而且會演奏很多種樂器。選項B符合題意。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒有改革開放,就沒有今天的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。

祖國的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好,就會前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事,不長一智。

青年人和老年人不同,女青年和老太太也不同,不考慮這些情況,恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

6.單選題

Heisofteninclinedto(

)inotherpeople’saffairs,whichisnoneofhisbusiness.

問題1選項

A.manipulated

B.lumbered

C.meddle

D.littered

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:他總是喜歡插手別人的事,那些事跟他毫無關(guān)系。

manipulate操縱;操作;巧妙地處理;篡改。lumber緩慢吃力地移動;笨拙地行進;迫使擔(dān)負(fù)(職責(zé)等)。meddle管閑事;干涉;干預(yù);瞎搞,亂弄(尤指不應(yīng)管或不懂的事物)。littern.亂丟;給...墊褥草;把...弄得亂七八糟;亂扔廢棄物。

7.單選題

TherehavebeenmanyupsanddownsforAirCanada,butthecompanycontinuestocontrolthemajorityofthedomesticmarket.Theunderlinedpartmeans().

問題1選項

A.strengthsandweaknesses

B.fortunesandmisfortunes

C.assetsandliabilities

D.boltsandnuts

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項strengthsandweaknesses“優(yōu)勢與劣勢”;B選項fortunesandmisfortunes“機遇與不幸”;C選項assetsandliabilities“資產(chǎn)與負(fù)債”;D選項boltsandnuts“螺栓與螺帽,指基本的但很重要的組成部分”。upsanddowns意為“起起伏伏、盛衰、浮沉”,B選項fortunesandmisfortunes“機遇與不幸”與其最接近,因此B選項正確。句意:雖然加拿大航空公司經(jīng)歷了許多起起落落,但該公司仍然控制著大部分的國內(nèi)市場。

8.單選題

Beforetakingastandardizedtest,oneshould()himselforherselfwithalltheitemsthatconstitutethetestpaper.

問題1選項

A.acquaint

B.fascinate

C.acquit

D.familiar

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項acquaint“使熟悉,使認(rèn)識”;B選項fascinate“使著迷,使神魂顛倒”;C選項acquit“無罪釋放,表現(xiàn)”;D選項familiar“熟悉的,常見的,親近的”。句意:在參加標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試之前,考生應(yīng)該_____構(gòu)成試卷的所有項目。句子表達的是,在考試之前,要熟悉構(gòu)成試卷的項目,因此A選項符合題意。

9.單選題

Immigrationofficialshavetobeverycarefulindecidingwhetherto()alloronlysomeofthoseillegalimmigrants.

問題1選項

A.dissolve

B.deport

C.distract

D.detect

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項dissolve“解散,使溶解”,B選項deport,“驅(qū)逐出境,放逐”,C選項“轉(zhuǎn)移,分散”,D選項detect“察覺,發(fā)現(xiàn)”。句意:移民官員在決定是將全部非法移民驅(qū)逐出境還是僅將部分非法移民驅(qū)逐出境時必須非常謹(jǐn)慎。因此,B選項符合句意。

10.單選題

Aweathermapisanimportanttoolforgeographers.Asuccessionofthreeorfourmapspresentsacontinuouspictureofweatherchanges.Weatherforecastersareabletodeterminethespeedofairmassesandfronts;todeterminewhetheranindividualpressureareaisdeepeningorbecomingshallowandwhetherafrontisincreasingordecreasinginintensity.Theyarealsoabletodeterminewhetheranairmassisretainingitsoriginalcharacteristicsortakingonthoseofthesurfaceoverwhichitismoving.Thus,amostsignificantfunctionofthemapistorevealasynopticpictureofconditionsintheatmosphereatagiventime.

Allstudentsofgeographyshouldbeabletointerpretaweathermapaccurately.Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformationaboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea.Theyrevealinafewminuteswhatotherwisewouldtakehourstodescribe.TheUnitedStatesWeatherBureauissuesinformationaboutapproachingstorms,floods,frosts,droughts,andallclimaticconditionsingeneral.Twiceamonthitissuesa30-day“outlook”whichisaroughguidetoweatherconditionslikelytooccuroverbroadareasoftheUnitedStates.These30-dayoutlooksarebaseduponananalysisoftheupperairlevelwhichoftensetthestageforthedevelopmentofairmasses,frontsandstorms.

Considerableeffortisbeingexertedtodaytoachievemoreaccurateweatherpredictions.Withtheuseofelectronicinstrumentsandearthsatellites,enormousgainshavetakenplacerecentlyinidentifyingandtrackingstormsoverregionswhichhavebutfewmeteorologicalstations.Extensiveexperimentsarealsoinprogressforweathermodificationstudies.

1.OnecharacteristicofweathermapsNOTmentionedbytheauthorinthispassageis(

).

2.The30-dayforecastisdeterminedbyexamining

).

3.Theobservationofweatherconditionsbysatellitesisadvantageousbecauseit

).

4.Atthepresenttime,experimentsarebeingconductedin(

).

5.Aweathermapissynopticbecauseit(

).

問題1選項

A.fronts

B.changesintemperature

C.frost

D.windspeed

問題2選項

A.dailyweathermaps

B.upperairlevels

C.satellitereports

D.changingfronts

問題3選項

A.ismodernandprofitableforthecompaniesinvolved

B.useselectronicinstrumentstomeasuretheweatheronadailybasis

C.enablesmantoeasilyaltertheweathertohisadvantageandprofit

D.givesthescientistsinformationnotobtainedreadilyotherwise

問題4選項

A.manipulatingweather

B.determiningdensityofpressuregroups

C.satellites

D.controllingstorms

問題5選項

A.summarizesagreatdealofinformation

B.appearsdaily

C.showschangingfronts

D.canbeinterpretedaccurately

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“以下選項中哪個沒在文章中被提到?”文章第一段提到“天氣預(yù)報員可以確定氣團和氣鋒……”(Weatherforecastersareabletodeterminethespeedofairmassesandfronts...);文章第二段提到“美國國家氣象局通常發(fā)布有關(guān)即將到來的暴風(fēng)雨、洪水、霜凍、干旱和所有氣候情況的信息”(heUnitedStatesWeatherBureauissuesinformationaboutapproachingstorms,floods,frosts,droughts,andallclimaticconditionsingeneral),由此可知,只有選項B沒有被提及,符合題意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“30天的預(yù)報是由什么決定的?”文章第二段最后一句話提到“這三十天的天氣預(yù)報建立在對上層空氣分析的基礎(chǔ)上,而上層空氣經(jīng)常為氣團、氣鋒和暴風(fēng)雨的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造條件”(These30-dayoutlooksarebaseduponananalysisoftheupperairlevelwhichoftensetthestageforthedevelopmentofairmasses,frontsandstorms),由此可知選項B“上層空氣”符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。題目問的是“衛(wèi)星來觀測天氣的優(yōu)勢是什么?”文章最后一段提到“通過電子儀器和地球衛(wèi)星,人們近年來在識別和跟蹤僅有少量氣象站的地區(qū)的暴風(fēng)雨方面取得了很大的收獲”(Withtheuseofelectronicinstrumentsandearthsatellites,enormousgainshavetakenplacerecentlyinidentifyingandtrackingstormsoverregionswhichhavebutfewmeteorologicalstations),選項D“提供給科學(xué)家們在其他方面不容易獲得的信息”符合題意。

第4題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“實驗正在哪些方面操作?”文章最后一段最后一句話提到“大量實驗正在為了氣象改造而被進行著”(Extensiveexperimentsarealsoinprogressforweathermodificationstudies),因此選項A“操縱天氣”符合題意。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“為什么說氣象圖是氣象學(xué)?”文章第二段提到“氣象圖包含著大量關(guān)于天氣情況的信息,這些天氣情況在觀察時間存在于一個大的地理區(qū)域上”(Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformationaboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographicalarea),選項A“包含很多信息”符合題意。

11.單選題

9.

問題1選項

A.Sheisanoddcharacter.

B.Sheisverypick.

C.Sheisveryeasy-going.

D.Sheliesfashion.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Thereisonegirlatmyschoolwhomeverybodypickson.

W:Why?

M:Becauseshedoesn’twearwhateverybodyelsewears.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthegirlinquestion?

【解析】推斷題。男士說:Becauseshedoesn’twearwhateverybodyelsewears(她的穿著從來都是與眾不同),由此推斷她的個性與常人迥異。

12.單選題

Petroleumisnature’s______ofthehydrocarbon—remainsofmanyformsofmarinelife.

問題1選項

A.component

B.composition

C.composite

D.complication

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項component“組成部分,成分,組件”,B項composition“作文,作曲,作品”,C項composite“復(fù)合材料,合成物”,D項complication“并發(fā)癥,復(fù)雜,復(fù)雜化”。根據(jù)句子空格處部分的意思“石油是自然界的……碳氫化合物”可知,空格處填入“合成物”最符合語境。句意:石油是自然界中多種海洋生物殘留的碳氫化合物的合成物。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

13.單選題

Concernwithmoney,andthenmoremoney,inordertobuytheconveniencesandluxuriesofmodemlife,hasbroughtgreatchangestothelivesofmostFrenchmen.MorepeopleareworkingthaneverbeforeinFrance.Inthecitiesthetraditionalleisurelymiddaymealisdisappointing.Offices,shops,andfactoriesarediscoveringthegreatefficiencyofashortlunchhourincompanylunchrooms.Inalmostalllinesofworkemphasisnowfallsonever-increasingoutput.Thusthe“typical”Frenchmanproducesmore,earnsmore,andbuysmoreconsumergoodsthanhiscounterpartofthelastgeneration.Hegainsincreatingcomfortsandeaseoflife.Whathelosestosomeextentishissenseofpersonaluniqueness,orindividuality.

SomesaythatFrancehasbeenAmericanized.ThisisbecausetheU.S.isaworldsymbolofthetechnologicalsocietyanditsconsumerproducts.Theso-calledAmericanizationofFrancehasitscritics.Theyfearthat“assembly-linelife”willleadtothedisappearanceofthepleasuresofthemoregracefulandleisurely(butlessproductive)oldFrenchstyle.Whatwillhappen,theyask,totaste,elegance,andthecultivationofthegoodthingsinlife—joyinthesmellofafreshlypickedapple,astrollbytheriver,orjusthappyhoursofconversationinalocalcafe?

Sincethelate1950slifeinFrancehasindeedtakenonqualitiesofrush,tension,andthepursuitofmaterialgain.Someofthestrongestcriticsofthenewwayoflifearetheyoung,especiallyuniversitystudents.Theyareconcernedwiththefuture,andtheyrearthatFranceisthreatedbytriumphofthiscompetitive,goods-orientedculture.Occasionally,theyhavereactedagainstthetrendwithconsiderableviolence.

Inspiteofthecritics,however,countlessFrenchmenarecommittedtokeepingFranceintheforefrontofthemodemeconomicworld.Theyfindthatthepresentlifebringsmorerewards,convenience,andpleasuresthanthatofthepast.Theybelievethatamodem,industrialFranceispreferabletotheold.

1.TheoldFrenchwayoflifeischaracterizedby().

2.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingarethedescriptionoftoday’sFrenchmenEXCEPTthat().

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecritics?

4.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe().

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat().

問題1選項

A.leisure,eleganceandefficiency

B.elegance,efficiencyandtaste

C.leisure,eleganceandtaste

D.leisure,efficiencyandtaste

問題2選項

A.manyofthempreferthemodemlifestyle

B.theactuallyenjoyworkingattheassemblyline

C.theyaremoreconcernedwithmoneythanbefore

D.theyaremorecompetitivethantheoldgeneration

問題3選項

A.Criticsaregreaterinnumberthanpeopleenjoyingthenewwayoflife.

B.Studentcriticsaregreaterinnumberthancriticsinotherfield.

C.Studentcriticshave,onoccasion,resortedtoviolentmeansagainstthetrend.

D.Criticsareconcernedsolelywiththepresentratherthanthefuture.

問題4選項

A.ChangesintheFrenchWayofLife

B.CriticismoftheNewLifestyle

C.TheAmericanizationofFrance

D.FeaturesoftheNewWayofLife

問題5選項

A.inpursuingmaterialgainstheFrencharesufferinglosseselsewhere

B.theFrenchenjoyshortlunchhours

C.theFrencharefedupwiththesmelloffreshlypickedapples

D.greatchangeshaveoccurredinthelifestyleofallFrenchmen

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段第四、五句話“Theyfearthat...themoregracefulandleisurely(butlessproductive)oldFrenchstyle.Whatwillhappen,theyask,totaste,elegance,andthecultivationofthegoodthingsinlife...”由此可見,古老法國式生活的特點是安逸、高雅以及品味。選項C正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第三句“Theyfearthat“assembly-linelife”willleadtothedisappearanceofthepleasuresofthemoregracefulandleisurely(butlessproductive)oldFrenchstyle.”他們害怕“流水線式的生活”會引起古老法國式生活的高雅和安逸所帶來的愉悅感消失,所以他們不會享受流水線式的生活。選項B符合要求。

3.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句話,“Occasionally,theyhavereactedagainstthetrendwithconsiderableviolence.”偶爾,他們對這一趨勢的反應(yīng)是相當(dāng)暴力的。選項C符合原文。

4.文章主要講的是法國生活方式的變遷以及大家對此的態(tài)度。因此,選項A正確,其他選項只是部分內(nèi)容。

5.根據(jù)第一段的最后兩句“Hegainsincreatingcomfortsandeaseoflife.Whathelosestosomeextentishissenseofpersonaluniqueness,orindividuality.”選項A法國人在追求物質(zhì)利益的過程中,可能會在別處失去一些東西,符合原文。

14.單選題

RockstarEricClaptonbecame()toheroininthelate60sandhadtogoaspecialclinicfortreatment.

問題1選項

A.indulged

B.addicted

C.hooked

D.dependent

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞搭配辨析。A選項indulged“沉溺”,常見搭配beindulgedin“沉溺于……”;B選項addicted“上癮”,常見搭配beaddictedto“對……上癮”;C選項hooked“鉤?。蛔プ ?,常見搭配behookedon“被迷住”;D選項dependent“依賴的”,常見搭配dependenton“依靠”。句意:搖滾明星埃里克?克拉普頓六十多歲時對海洛因上癮,必須去特殊診所接受治療。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞heroin“海洛因”是毒品,一旦沾上就容易上癮。因此B選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Weallhaveoffensivebreathatonetimeoranother.Inmostcases,offensivebreathemanatesfrombacteriainthemouth,althoughthereareothermorecauses.

Untilafewyearsago,themostdoctorscoulddowastocounselpatientswithbadbreathaboutoralcleanliness.Nowtheyarefindingnewwaystotreattheusuallycurablecondition.

Badbreathcanhappenwheneverthenormalflowofsaliva(唾液)slows.Ourmouthsarefullofbacteriafeedingonproteininbitsoffoodandshedtissue.Thebacteriaemitevilsmellinggases,theworstofwhichishydrogensulfide(硫化物).

Mouthbacteriathriveinairlessconditions.Oxygenrichsalivakeepstheirnumbersdown.Whenwesleep,forexample,thesalivastreamslows,andsulfurproducingbacteriagaintheupperhand,producingclassic“morningbreath”.

Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy.Somepeople’sbreathturnssoureverytimetheygoonajobinterview.

Salivaflowgraduallyslowswithage,whichexplainswhytheelderlyhavemorebadbreathtroublethanyoungerpeopledo.Babies,however,whomakeplentyofsalivaandwhosemouthscontainrelativelyfewbacteriahavecharacteristicallysweetbreath.

Formostofus,thesimple,drymouthvarietyofbadbreathiseasilycured.Eatingordrinkingstartssalivaandsweepsawaymanyofthebacteria.Breakfastoftenstopsmorningbreath.

Thosewithchronicdrymouthfindthatithelpstokeepgum,hardcandy,orabottleofwaterorjuicearound.Brushingtheteethwipesoutdrymouthbadbreathbecauseitclearsawaymanyoftheoffendingbacteria.Surprisingly,onethingthatrarelyworksismouthwash.Theliquidcanmaskbadbreathodorwithitsownsmell,buttheeffectlastsnomorethananhour.Somemouthwashesclaimtokillthebacteriaresponsibleforbadbreath.Thetroubleis,theydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms.Mostbacteriaarewellprotectedfrommouthwashunderthicklayersofmucus(黏液).Ifthemouthwashcontainsalcohol—asmostdo—itcanintensifytheproblembydryingoutthemouth.

6.Thephrase“emanatefrom”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“_____”.

7.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthecausesofbadbreath?

8.Accordingtothepassage,alcoholhassomethingtodowithbadbreathmainlybecause_____.

9.Mouthwashesarenotaneffectivecureforbadbreathmainlybecause_____.

10.Wecaninferfromthispassagethat_____.

問題1選項

A.thriveon

B.accountfor

C.originatefrom

D.descendfrom

問題2選項

A.Toothtrouble.

B.Sulfurrichfood.

C.Toomuchexercise.

D.Mentalstrain.

問題3選項

A.itkeepsoffendingbacteriafromreproducing

B.itssmelladdstobadbreath

C.itkillssomehelpfulbacteria

D.itaffectsthenormalflowofsaliva

問題4選項

A.theycan’tmaskthebadodorlongenough

B.theycan’tgettoalltheoffendingbacteria

C.theirstrongsmellmixeswithbadbreathandmakesitworse

D.theycan’tcoverthethicklayersofmucus

問題5選項

A.offensivebreathcan’teasilybecured

B.elderlypeoplearelessoffendedbybadbreath

C.heavydrinkersarelessaffectedbybadbreath

D.offensivebreathislessaffectedbyalcohol

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】6.詞匯推斷題。第一步,練習(xí)句中前后信息銜接,emanatefrom這個詞前后連接的是口氣和嘴里的細菌,從這里推測,是因為嘴里的細菌所以才導(dǎo)致了口氣,但是這句話中口氣在前細菌在后,選項代入文意中便可排除A選項“在……成長”、B選項“導(dǎo)致;解釋”;C、D選項雖然在中文中同義,但是descendfrom表示從先輩那里遺傳或者繼承過來的,不符合原文語境,所以不選D選項“起源于”;所以答案C選項“發(fā)源于”正確。

7.事實細節(jié)題。第一步,精準(zhǔn)定位,定位到第五段第一二句Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath.Socanstress,thoughit’snotunderstoodwhy“酗酒,說話太多,運動時用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的事物都會產(chǎn)生口臭。壓力也是如此,雖然不知道為什么”,第二步綜合理解,壓力屬于精神緊張的一種,所以答案選D選項“精神壓力”。

A選項“牙齒問題”,文章沒有提及,屬于無中生有,所以不選;

B選項“富硫食物”,定位到第三段最后一句Thebacteriaemitevilsmellinggases,theworstofwhichishydrogensulfide“這種細菌會散發(fā)出難聞的氣體,其中最難聞的是硫化氫”,從這里可知,不是富含硫的食物讓人有口氣,是細菌釋放出來的含硫物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致的口氣,所以B不選,這里屬于曲解原文;

C選項“運動太多”,見正確選項,不是運動太多導(dǎo)致口臭,是運動的時候用嘴呼吸導(dǎo)致口臭,這里屬于曲解原文。

8.推理判斷題。文章定位到第五段第一句話Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath“酗酒,說話太多,運動時用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的東西都會產(chǎn)生口臭”以及第四段第一二句話Mouthbacteriathriveinairlessconditions.Oxygenrichsalivakeepstheirnumbersdown.Whenwesleep,forexample,thesalivastreamslows,andsulfurproducingbacteriagaintheupperhand,producingclassic“morningbreath”“口腔細菌在沒有空氣的環(huán)境中繁殖。富含氧氣的唾液可以減少它們的數(shù)量。例如,當(dāng)我們睡覺時,唾液流減慢,產(chǎn)生硫的細菌占了上風(fēng),產(chǎn)生了經(jīng)典的‘早晨口氣’”,由這里可知口腔細菌在沒有空氣的環(huán)境中繁殖,唾液是減少細菌數(shù)量的利器,但當(dāng)我們口腔是處于干澀狀態(tài)的時候,口腔里的唾液流就會減慢,從而口腔細菌就繁殖起來了。酒精會導(dǎo)致口腔變干從而唾液流減慢從而細菌滋生產(chǎn)生口氣,由此可知答案選D選項“它影響唾液的正常流動”。

A選項“它能阻止有害細菌的繁殖”,見正確選項解析,是唾液減少細菌繁殖,不是酒精,這里屬于反向干擾;

B選項“它的氣味增加了口臭”,文章沒有提及,屬于反向干擾;

C選項“它殺死了一些有益的細菌”,文章沒有提及,屬于反向干擾。

9.事實細節(jié)題題。第一步,尋找句內(nèi)線索,定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第三句話Thetroubleis,theydon’tnecessarilyreachalloffendinggerms“問題是,它們不一定能觸及所有有害細菌”,由此可知答案選B選項“它們無法接觸到所有有害的細菌”。

A選項“它們掩蓋不了難聞的氣味”,定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第五句話Theliquidcanmaskbadbreathodorwithitsownsmell…“這種液體可以用自己的氣味掩蓋口臭”,這里可知,A選項屬于反向干擾;

C選項“它們強烈的氣味和口臭混合在一起,使情況更糟”,見A選項解析,這里屬于反向干擾;

D選項“它們不能覆蓋厚厚的粘液層”,定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話Mostbacteriaarewellprotectedfrommouthwashunderthicklayersofmucus“在厚厚的粘液層下,大多數(shù)細菌都能很好地免受漱口水的侵害”,前文有提示漱口水是可以殺死所有細菌的但是因為有些細菌接觸不到,所以使用者還是會有口臭問題,而細菌接觸不到的原因是因為細菌被粘液保護著,這里是因為漱口水不能侵入粘液從而粘液保護了細菌而不是漱口水不能覆蓋粘液,所以答案D錯誤,這里屬于曲解原文。

10.判斷推理題。第一步,尋找句內(nèi)線索,定位到第五段第一句Formostofus,thesimple,drymouthvarietyofbadbreathiseasilycured.“對我們大多數(shù)人來說,簡單的、口干的各種口臭很容易治愈”,從這里可知簡單的口臭是容易治愈的,暗含著還有一種口臭是難以治愈的,第二步,尋找上下文線索,整篇文章直接開門見山指出每個人都會有口臭,接著講述引起口臭的原因,最后講到怎么治愈口臭這個問題,但是作者指出這些方法都是暫時的不徹底的,所以這里暗含著口臭其實很難根治的意味所以答案選A選項“口臭不容易治好”。

B選項“老年人對口臭的較少”定位到第六段第一句話Salivaflowgraduallyslowswithage,whichexplainswhytheelderlyhavemorebadbreathtroublethanyoungerpeopledo“隨著年齡的增長,唾液的流動會逐漸變慢,這也解釋了為什么老年人比年輕人更容易出現(xiàn)口臭問題”,由此可知B選項錯誤,這里屬于反向干擾;

C選項“酗酒者受口臭的影響較小”,定位到第五段第一句話Alcoholhunger,toomuchtalking,breathingthroughthemouthduringexerciseanythingthatdriesthemouthproducesbadbreath“酗酒,說話太多,運動時用嘴呼吸任何使口腔干燥的東西都會產(chǎn)生口臭”,由此可知,酒精會導(dǎo)致口臭,C選項錯誤,這里屬于反向干擾;

D選項“口氣不佳受酒精的影響較小”,見C選項解析,這里屬于反向干擾。

16.單選題

Employeesare()tojointhecompany’spensionplanafterayear’sservice.

問題1選項

A.compelled

B.acquired

C.responded

D.rejected

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。compel“強迫,迫使”;acquire“獲得”;respond“回應(yīng)”;reject“拒絕”。句意:雇員被強制要求在工作一年后,必須參加公司的養(yǎng)老金計劃。選項A符合題意。

17.單選題

Hesoonregainedhisself-confidenceforhefoundhimself()toothersinmanyrespects.

問題1選項

A.better

B.worse

C.superior

D.inferior

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他很快恢復(fù)了自信,因為他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在許多方面都比別人優(yōu)秀。根據(jù)介詞to可首先排除選項A和B,根據(jù)句意可知選項C正確。

18.單選題

Thegovernmentgaveavery(

)explanationofitsplanforeconomicdevelopment.

問題1選項

A.comprehensive

B.compound

C.considerable

D.complacent

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。comprehensive綜合的,全面的;compound混合的;considerable重要的,相當(dāng)大的;complacent滿足的。句意:政府對其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展計劃作了非常全面的解釋。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

Probabilityisthemathematicalstudyofthe()ofanevent’soccurrence.

問題1選項

A.desire

B.likelihood

C.result

D.effect

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項desire“欲望;要求,心愿”;B選項likelihood“可能性,可能”;C選項result“結(jié)果;成績”;D選項effect“影響;效率;作用”。句意:幾率是對一件事發(fā)生的可能性所進行的數(shù)學(xué)研究。根據(jù)句中“probability幾率”可知“可能性”符合語境,因此B選項正確。

20.單選題

ThebiggestcomputercompanyinSiliconValleyhaslaidoffhundredsofpeopleduringthelastfewyears.

問題1選項

A.declined

B.detached

C.dismissed

D.dispersed

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.declined謝絕B.detached拆卸;分離

C.dismissed解雇D.dispersed驅(qū)散

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線詞的主語為“硅谷最大的計算機公司”,賓語為“數(shù)百人”,原詞laidoff“解雇”,原文表達某公司解雇了很多人。因此,C選項dismissed“解雇”滿足前后語義銜接,且最符合原句句意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項declined“謝絕”,側(cè)重于指禮貌地拒絕接受某事(如邀請)或做某事;

B選項detached“拆卸;分離”,側(cè)重于指使一個事物從另一個事物上分離,或者使一件事與另一件事分離;

D選項dispersed“驅(qū)散”,側(cè)重于指讓集中的人群散開。

【句意】在過去幾年里硅谷最大的計算機公司解雇了數(shù)百人。

21.單選題

Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.Inviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswillrequireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenthatagehasbeenattained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.

Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterdayandashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinuetohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducationareswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincedepressionbegan.Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.

Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthepresentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailedintheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewithpubliceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhaveaninterest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhavetogoinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.WearenowattemptingtopreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute(貧民).OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatisthereasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?

3.Thepublicagenciesforadulteducationwillbelittlebetteroffbecause(

).

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationisthattheFederalgovernment

).

5.Whydoestheauthorsay"OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire"(Lines10-11,Para.3)?

問題1選項

A.Howtopersuadelocalcommunitiestoprovidemorefunds.

B.Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.

C.Howtosolvetherisingunemploymentproblem.

D.Howtoimprovethepubliceducationsystem.

問題2選項

A.Therequirementofeducatedworkersbybusiness.

B.Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.

C.Thetrendtowardashorterworkday.

D.People'sconcernforthefutureofthenextgeneration.

問題3選項

A.theunemployedaretoopoortocontinuetheireducation

B.anewleisureclasshasdeveloped

C.theyarestillsufferingfromthedepression

D.anincreaseintaxescouldbeaproblem

問題4選項

A.shouldallocateFederalfundsforpubliceducation

B.shoulddemandthatlocalcommunitiesprovidesupport

C.shouldraisetaxestomeettheneedsofpubliceducation

D.shouldfirstofallsolvetheproblemofunemployment.

問題5選項

A.OnlybyappropriatingadequateFederalfundsforeducationcanthenextgenerationhaveabrightfuture.

B.CitizensofallpartsofthecountryagreethatthebestwaytosupporteducationistouseFederalfunds.

C.Peoplealloverthecountryshouldmakecontributionstoeducationintheinterestofthenextgeneration.

D.EducatedpeoplearedeterminedtousepartoftheFederalfundstohelpthepoor.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文前兩段引出公共教育存在的問題,文章的最后一段表明如何解決這個問題。所以全文的主旨應(yīng)是“如何解決公共教育資金短缺的問題”。A選項“怎樣勸說當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)提供更多資金”與第三段第一句Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities不符。C選項“如何解決日益嚴(yán)重的就業(yè)問題”和D選項“怎樣改善公共教育系統(tǒng)”過于籠統(tǒng)。因此,本題選擇B項最符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問學(xué)生人數(shù)增加的原因。根據(jù)原文第一段第三句可知,法定就業(yè)年齡提前了,并且到了法定年齡也可能找不到工作。再由第一段第五句Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment以及最后一句可以得出,法定就業(yè)年齡持續(xù)提高,而孩子們?nèi)绻麤]有就業(yè),就得繼續(xù)讀書,所以造成了學(xué)生人數(shù)的增加,因此B項正確。A選項“企業(yè)需要受過教育的工人”、C選項“工作時間縮短的趨勢”;D選項“人們對下一代未來的擔(dān)憂”都不符合題意,可排除。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段最后一句Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer可以推測,成人教育的公共教育機構(gòu)不好可能因為是得不到足夠的稅收支持。因此,本題正確答案為D。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文最后一段可知,解決失業(yè)問題要靠聯(lián)邦政府救濟,公共教育也是如此。全國人民都感興趣的應(yīng)是實現(xiàn)良好教育。所得稅現(xiàn)在部分用于維持我們鄰居的生活,另一部分也應(yīng)該用于提高鄰居的教育,因此政府應(yīng)該從稅收中撥出資金來解決公共教育問題,故A選項正確,B選項“應(yīng)該要求當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)提供支持”錯誤。C選項“應(yīng)該提高稅收滿足公共教育的需求”,不符合原文故排除。D選項“應(yīng)該首先解決失業(yè)問題”,屬于無中生有。因此本題正確答案為A項。

5.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問為何作者會說“只有決定毀掉下一代的民族才會拒絕聯(lián)邦資金投入公共教育”。A選項“只有撥出足夠的聯(lián)邦教育經(jīng)費,下一代才能有光明的未來”表述正確;B選項“全國人民都認(rèn)為支持教育的最好方式是使用聯(lián)邦資金。”原文只是提到全民對公共教育感興趣,并未說支持使用聯(lián)邦資金,更未提及這是最好的方式;C選項“全國人都應(yīng)該為了下一代的利益做出貢獻”,原文并未提及,屬于無中生有;D選項“受過教育的人決心用部分聯(lián)邦資金幫助窮人”,原文沒有該項信息。因此,本題正確答案為A項。

22.單選題

OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.Wedonotrealizethatwavinggood-byeisthewaytosummonapersonfromthePhilippinestoone'sside,orthatinItalyandsomeLatin-Americancountries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.

ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat"Gift"meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm'slengthawayfromothers.LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlingu

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