書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州美術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.問答題

Anotherbenefitofthestudyofhistoryisthebroadrangeofhumanexperiencewhichis

A

covered.Warandpeacearecertainlycoveredlikearenationalandinternationalaffairs.However,

B

mattersofculture(art,literature,andmusic)arealsoincludedinhistoricalstudy.Humannatureisanimportantpartofhistory:emotionslikepassion,greed,andinsecurityhaveinfluencedtheshapingofworldaffairs.Anyonewhothinksthatthestudyofhistoryisboringhasnotreally

C

D

studiedhistory.

【答案】試題答案：B;as

【解析】考查連詞倒裝。由系動(dòng)詞are被提到主語(yǔ)之前，可知此處用連詞as（如何……一樣）構(gòu)成倒裝。

2.單選題

Manyartistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheirindividuality.Moderndancewasoneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughttofreetheircreativespirit.Atthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechnique,nofoundationfromwhichtobuild.Inlateryears,trial,error,andgeniusfoundedthetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.Eventually,innovatorsevendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballet,butfirsttheyhadtodiscardallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.ThebeginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDuncan,butshewasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudienceandseeitacceptedandacclaimed.

Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsenthertonature.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnaturalastheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesofthesea,andshouldbeinharmonywiththemovementsoftheEarth.Hergreatcontributionsareinthreeareas.

First,shebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovementsthatcouldbeusedindance,beforeDuncandanced,balletwastheonlytypeofdanceperformedinconcert.Intheballetthefeetandlegswereemphasized,withvirtuosity(精湛的技巧)shownbycomplicated,designedpositionsandmovements.Duncanperformeddancebyusingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoulandspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneerswhobroketraditionsoothersmightbeabletodeveloptheart.

Hersecondcontributionwasindancecostume.Shediscardedcorset(緊身內(nèi)衣),balletshoes,andstintcostumes.ThesewerereplacedwithflowingGreciantunics,barefeetandunboundhair.Shebelievedinthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreely,andherdressdisplayedthisideal.

Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic.Inherperformancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmasters,includingBeethovenandWagner,whichwasnottheusualcustom.

Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallifeasinherdance.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidnaturerepresenttoIsadoraDuncan?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasanareaofdancethatDuncanworkedtochange?

4.Comparedtothoseoftheballet,Duncan’scostumeswereless（）.

5.Whatdoestheparagraphfollowingthepassageprobablydiscuss?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheEvolutionofDanceintheTwentiethCentury.

B.ArtistsoftheLastCentury.

C.NaturalMovementinDance.

D.APioneerinModernDance.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Amodelformovement.

B.Somethingtoconquer.

C.Aplacetofindpeace.

D.Asymbolofdisorder.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Themusic

B.Thestagesets

C.Costumes

D.Movements

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.costly

B.colorful

C.graceful

D.restrictive

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Duncan’sfurthercontributiontomoderndance.

B.Themusiccustomarilyusedinballet.

C.OtheraspectsofDuncan'slife.

D.Audienceacceptanceofthenewformofdance.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇傳記，主要講述的是現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)——IsadoraDuncan對(duì)舞蹈的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.判斷推理題。題干問的是“對(duì)IsadoraDuncan來說，大自然代表了什么？”根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“她對(duì)自然運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的探索使她進(jìn)入了自然。她認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)該像樹木的搖擺和大海的波濤一樣自然，應(yīng)該與大地的運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)一致?！币簿褪钦f，IsadoraDuncan把大自然當(dāng)做舞蹈運(yùn)動(dòng)的模型，將舞蹈和自然相結(jié)合。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段主要講述的是Duncan對(duì)舞蹈動(dòng)作的改變；第四段主要講述的是對(duì)舞蹈服裝的改變；第五段主要講述的是對(duì)音樂運(yùn)用的改變。所以只有選項(xiàng)B“舞臺(tái)”的改變?cè)谠闹袥]有提及。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容“她摒棄了紫色內(nèi)衣，芭蕾舞鞋和具有限制性的服裝，取而代之的是飄逸的希臘寬松外衣、光著腳和披散著的頭發(fā)。”由此可知，Duncan的服裝是輕松自由的，相對(duì)于芭蕾服裝來說，沒有那么多的限制性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“她的個(gè)人生活就像她的舞蹈一樣令人興奮和古怪?！庇纱丝赏茢?，接下來可能要講到的內(nèi)容是Duncan生活的其他方面。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

3.單選題

Aneducationalenvironmenttoseparateyoufromthedailyrigorsoflife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isdesigned

B.designed

C.istobedesigned

D.designs

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的用法。句子主語(yǔ)是aneducationalenvironment“一種教育環(huán)境”，是design動(dòng)作執(zhí)行的對(duì)象，因此要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示“教育環(huán)境被設(shè)計(jì)成”；固定用法bedesignedtodo“打算、目的是”；A選項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；B選項(xiàng)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；C選項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表“將要被設(shè)定成”；D選項(xiàng)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；句意：教育環(huán)境能將你從日常生活的艱辛中抽離出來。根據(jù)句意A選項(xiàng)最符合題意。

4.翻譯題

長(zhǎng)城是人類創(chuàng)造的世界奇跡之一。如果你到了中國(guó)卻沒去過長(zhǎng)城，就像到了巴黎沒去看菲爾鐵塔(EiffelTower)，或者就像到了埃及沒去看金字塔一樣。人們常說：“不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢?！睂?shí)際上，長(zhǎng)城最初只是一些斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的城墻，直到秦朝統(tǒng)一中國(guó)后才將其連接成長(zhǎng)城。然而，今天我們看到的長(zhǎng)城——東起山海關(guān)，西至嘉峪關(guān)——大部分都是在明代修建的。

【答案】TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworldthatcreatedbyhumanbeings!IfyoucometoChinawithoutclimbingtheGreatWall,it’sjustlikegoingPariswithoutvisitingtheEiffelTower;orgoingtoEgyptwithoutvisitingthePyramids!Menoftensay,“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”Infact,itbeganasindependentwallsfordifferentstateswhenitwasfirstbuilt,anddidnotbecomethe“GreatWall”untiltheQinDynasty.However,thewallweseetoday,startingfromShanhaiguanPassintheeasttoJiayuguanPassinthewest,wasmostlybuiltduringtheMingDynasty.

5.單選題

Afterthedispute,theatmosphereinthemeetingroomwasgettingmoreandmore___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.frustrated

C.tense

D.light

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.critical至關(guān)重要的B.frustrated懊惱的；沮喪的

C.tense緊張的D.light輕的；明亮的；輕松的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)dispute“辯論、爭(zhēng)吵”和會(huì)議室的氣氛的邏輯可知：空白處的形容詞應(yīng)該滿足爭(zhēng)吵后會(huì)議室緊張氣氛的邏輯。C選項(xiàng)tense“緊張的”滿足此句所需的邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。并且D選項(xiàng)light的比較級(jí)是lighter不用moreandmore。

【句意】爭(zhēng)論過后，會(huì)議室的氣氛變得越來越緊張。

6.寫作題

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whatshouldbeinpeople'sdiet,tohavewhatonejustwantsortojusteathealthyfood?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.

Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

7.單選題

Itriedinvainto（）themantheslip.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.give

B.omit

C.offer

D.serve

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)give“給；產(chǎn)生；讓步；舉辦；授予”；B選項(xiàng)omit“省略；遺漏；刪除；疏忽；沒做”；C選項(xiàng)offer“提供；出價(jià)；試圖；意圖；錄取通知書”；D選項(xiàng)serve“招待，供應(yīng)；為……服務(wù)；對(duì)……有用；可作……用”。根據(jù)固定搭配givesomebodytheslip“趁某人不備時(shí)溜掉”可知該題選give。句意：我試圖甩掉那個(gè)人，但沒有成功。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated（61）anongoingstruggleagainst（62）andindifferenceonthepartoftheAmericanmainstream,andastruggle（63）asanupwardmovementis（64）towardevermorejusticeandopportunity.

Technologyinandof（65）isnotatfault;it’smuchtoosimpletosaythatgunpowderoragriculturalmachineryorfiberoptics（66）beentheenemyofan（67）groupofpeople.Acertainmachineisput（68）workinacertainwaythepurpose（69）whichitwasdesigned.Thepeoplewhodesignthemachinesarenotintentonunleashingchaos;theyareusuallytryingto（70）ataskmorequickly,cleanly,orcheaply,（71）theimperativeofinnovationandefficiencythathasruledWesterncivilization（72）theRenaissance.

Masteryoftechnologyissecondonly（73）moneyasthetruemeasureofaccomplishmentinthiscountry,anditisverylikelythatby（74）thisunder-representationinthetechnologicalrealm,andbynotquestioningandexaminingthefolkwaysthathave（75）it,blacksareallowing（76）tobekeptoutofthemainstreamonceagain.Thistime,however,theywillbe（77）fromthegreatestcashengineofthetwenty-firstcentury.Inner-cityblacksinparticularareindanger,andthebeautifulsuburbs（78）ringthedecayofHartford,shedthepastandlearntoexistwithoutcontemplatingorencounteringthetragedyoftheinnercity.

Andblacksmustchangeaswell.Thewaysthat（79）theirancestorsthroughcaptivityandcomingtofreedomhavebeguntolosetheirutility.Ifblacks（80）tosurviveasfullparticipantsinthissociety,theyhavetounderstandwhatworksnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.as

C.for

D.with

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.charity

B.clarity

C.cohesion

D.oppression

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.charting

B.charts

C.charted

D.tochart

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.progressing

B.progressed

C.clutched

D.clutching

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itself

B.themselves

C.ourselves

D.himself

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.tohave

C.has

D.tohas

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.entirely

B.enter

C.entire

D.entrance

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.off

C.on

D.at

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.before

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.envelop

B.accomplish

C.enveloping

D.accomplishing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.follows

C.tofollow

D.following

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.on

C.in

D.at

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.before

B.to

C.with

D.from

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.totolerate

B.tolerate

C.tolerated

D.tolerating

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.encountered

B.encountering

C.toencounter

D.encounters

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.them

B.us

C.themselves

D.ourselves

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.excluding

B.included

C.including

D.excluded

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.that

C.how

D.what

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.servicing

B.encircle

C.encircling

D.served

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.were

C.are

D.have

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:C

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:C

【解析】61.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配和句意理解。benarratedas“被描述為”。句意：在過去的400年里，美國(guó)黑人的歷史被傳統(tǒng)地描述為是對(duì)漠然和壓迫的不斷斗爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合句意，故選B。

62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)charity“慈善”；B項(xiàng)clarity“清晰；明確”；C項(xiàng)cohesion“粘合；結(jié)合”；D項(xiàng)oppression“鎮(zhèn)壓，壓迫”。句意：在過去的400年里，美國(guó)黑人的歷史被傳統(tǒng)地描述為是對(duì)漠然和壓迫的不斷斗爭(zhēng)。結(jié)合句意，選D.

63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和句意理解。根據(jù)句意可知，該空應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以選C項(xiàng)charted，表示“被規(guī)劃為向上運(yùn)動(dòng)的斗爭(zhēng)”。

64.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法和詞義。根據(jù)句意用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，排除B，C二項(xiàng)；選表示趨向的動(dòng)詞progress“前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步”，D項(xiàng)Clutching“緊握，抓住”，所以選A。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。inandofoneself為固定搭配，意為“事物內(nèi)部及其本身”，句意：科技內(nèi)部及它本身并沒有錯(cuò)，根據(jù)句意，technology為主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，所以選A。

66.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)就近原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)fiberoptics“纖維光學(xué)”保持一致，這個(gè)詞意義上為單數(shù)，所以選用單數(shù)形式has。

67.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)空格前后可知，此處用形容詞，排除A，B，D；anentiregroupof“整組”，選擇C項(xiàng)。

68.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。句意：某些工具被用于工作。Putsthatwork“把某物用于工作方面”，所以答案為D。

69.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。bedesignedfor…“為而設(shè)計(jì)的”。句意：為了這個(gè)目的而設(shè)計(jì)的。所以答案為A。

70.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義和動(dòng)詞用法。正確的用法是trytodosth，首先排除C和D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)envelop“包裝，遮蓋”；B項(xiàng)accomplish“完成”。根據(jù)文意，這里應(yīng)填的意思是完成任務(wù)，所以選B。

71.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法。用動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的伴隨，此外follow的邏輯主語(yǔ)是前面的they，所以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選D。

72.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查句意理解。根據(jù)文章的意思，這里應(yīng)填“從文藝復(fù)興開始”，所以選since。

73.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。besecondto“僅次于”。句意：掌握技術(shù)是僅次于金錢的真正衡量這個(gè)國(guó)家成就的第二標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

74.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查介詞用法。by是介詞，后應(yīng)該跟動(dòng)詞ing形式，只有D符合。

75.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為have+done，encounter的過去分詞形式為encountered，所以答案為A。

76.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查句意理解。這里應(yīng)填反身代詞，排除A和B。又根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是“他們自己”，所以選C。

77.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)。beexcludedfrom“排除，不包括在內(nèi)”。句意：然而這次他們將不在二十一世紀(jì)最偉大的現(xiàn)金制造機(jī)的范圍內(nèi)。所以選D。

78.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，從句部分缺少主語(yǔ)，所以選that。

79.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少謂語(yǔ)，所以排除A和C。另外根據(jù)后面主句中的時(shí)態(tài)“havebegun”，可知前面的從句是一個(gè)過去時(shí)的句子，所以選D。句意：那些曾經(jīng)服務(wù)于他們祖先的方法已經(jīng)失去了效用。

80.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考察一般條件句。根據(jù)主句可知是一般條件句，不能用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以選C。句意：如果黑人要作為這個(gè)社會(huì)的正式參與者生存下去，他們就必須明白現(xiàn)在什么是有效的。

9.單選題

Onlysovereignstatesareabletomaketreaties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constitutional

B.powerful

C.legitimate

D.independent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)constitutionaladj.憲法的，本質(zhì)的；B選項(xiàng)powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的，有力的；C選項(xiàng)legitimateadj.合法的，正當(dāng)?shù)?；D選項(xiàng)independentadj.獨(dú)立的，單獨(dú)的，無黨派的。根據(jù)題意可知，只有主權(quán)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家才能制定條約，因此本題選擇D項(xiàng)。

10.翻譯題

Feedbackplaysanimportantroleinalmostallelectroniccircuits.Itsstudyisintroducedheretoprovideaviewoftheamplifierasagainelement.

【答案】反饋幾乎在所有電子電路中都有重要的作用。本文介紹了放大器作為增益元件的研究情況。

11.翻譯題

Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatfortheblasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.WhenIcanwakeupandwatchthesunrisesovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowriteafewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

IamlonelywhenIamovertired,whenIhaveworkedtoolongwithoutabreak,whenforthetimebeingIfeelemptyandneedfillingup.AndIamlonelysometimeswhenIcomebackhomeafteralecturetrip,whenIhaveseenalotofpeopleandtalkedalot,andamfulltothebrimwithexperiencethatneedstobesortedout.

Thenforawhilethehousefeelshugeandempty,andIwonderwheremyselfishiding.Ithastoberecapturedslowlybywateringtheplantsand,perhaps,bylookingagainateachoneasthoughitwasaperson.

Ittakesawhile,asIwatchthesurfblowingupinfountains,butthemomentcomeswhentheworldfallsaway,andtheselfemergesagainfromthedeepunconscious,bringingbackallIhaverecentlyexperiencedtobeexploredandslowlyunderstood.

【答案】對(duì)我來說，獨(dú)自生活最有趣的事情是生活變得越來越有價(jià)值，我已經(jīng)這樣獨(dú)自生活了二十年。正如我大多數(shù)日子做的那樣，當(dāng)我醒來，看著太陽(yáng)從海平面升起，我已經(jīng)提前知道了這一整天（的計(jì)劃），不會(huì)被打攪，寫幾頁(yè)文字，和我的狗散步，讀讀書，聽聽音樂，我充滿了幸福。

當(dāng)我過度勞累、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不間斷地工作或者一時(shí)感到空虛需要充實(shí)時(shí)，我就會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)。有時(shí)，當(dāng)我結(jié)束了演講之旅回到家中，我會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)，因?yàn)槲乙娏撕芏嗳?，說了很多話，心里充滿了需要整理的經(jīng)歷。

之后有那么一段時(shí)間，我覺得房子又大又空，不知道自己藏在了哪里。我只得給植物澆澆水，或許再像看人一樣，看看它們的千姿百態(tài)，慢慢地找回自我。

有那么一小會(huì)兒，我看著那噴泉里飛濺的浪花，但當(dāng)世界逐漸消失時(shí)，那一刻就來臨了，自我又從潛意識(shí)的深處再次浮現(xiàn)，帶著這幾天的經(jīng)歷去探究，然后慢慢領(lǐng)悟。

12.翻譯題

Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”

Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.

【答案】好書常如最精美的寶器，珍藏著人生的思想的精華；因?yàn)槿说纳钍澜缰饕撬乃枷胧澜?。因此，最好的書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶?kù)，這些良言和思想若銘記于心并多加珍視，就會(huì)成為我們忠實(shí)的伴侶和永恒的慰藉。菲利普?西德尼爵士說過：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤獨(dú)?！?/p>

在我們受到誘惑的時(shí)候，美好真實(shí)的思想可以作為一種仁慈的視角，凈化和保護(hù)我們的靈魂。這同樣孕育著行為的萌芽，因?yàn)榻鹩窳佳钥偰芗?lì)善行。

13.翻譯題

直到不久前，韓國(guó)以外還很少有人知道“江南”這個(gè)位于首爾東南部的一個(gè)上流社區(qū)，這里的居民數(shù)量約占首爾人口總數(shù)的5%。然后，樸載相橫空出世。更具體地說，應(yīng)該是這位韓國(guó)流行歌手的單曲《江南Style》橫空出世。這首歌今年夏季在YouTube上紅透半邊天。整個(gè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到處都是模仿它的視頻，從澳大利亞到秘魯都有以《江南Style》為主題的快閃活動(dòng)；喝著燒酒簽下美國(guó)唱片合約，占據(jù)美國(guó)電視黃金時(shí)段；甚至還有人深入分析騎馬舞。但對(duì)于很多人來說，那個(gè)老問題仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么樣的？江南區(qū)不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小眾的精品時(shí)裝店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街區(qū)。在這里你會(huì)找到前衛(wèi)的國(guó)際品牌概念商店，還有本土?xí)r裝大牌。這里的商店都價(jià)格不菲，但要像樸載相所說的那樣“穿得優(yōu)雅、舞得奔放”，就得花這個(gè)代價(jià)。奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首爾江南區(qū)修道山上，是韓國(guó)歷史最悠久的寺廟之一。盡管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超過了佛教，但在16世紀(jì)中葉，在普雨(Bowoo)大禪師的指導(dǎo)下，奉恩寺作為韓國(guó)主要的禪宗佛教中心開始興旺起來。如果你想獲得一些點(diǎn)化，可以參加一個(gè)為期兩天的住寺活動(dòng)，主要是一些修身養(yǎng)性的活動(dòng)，比如齋飯、茶道和冥想等。

【答案】Untilrecently,fewpeopleoutsideofSouthKoreahadheardofGangnam,anupscaleneighborhoodinSeoul’ssoutheastthathousesroughly5%ofthecapital’spopulation.Then,asingernamedPsyhasmadethewholeworldamazing.

Morespecifically,theK-popmusician’s‘GangnamStyle’,whichwentviralonYouTubeoverthesummer.Videosof‘GangnamStyle’imitationshowcanbeseenallovertheinternet.‘GangnamStyle’flashmobsfromAustraliatoPeru.HavingsignedaUnitiedStatesrecorddealwithhisshochu;Psy’s‘GangnamStyle’dominatesAmericanTVprimetime.Andevendrawoutofanin-depthanalysesofthathorsedance.

Butformany,thequestionstillremains:WhatgoesoninGangnam,anyway?

There’sfullofbrandnamesinGangnam.Butforarangeofupscale,nicheboutiques,headtothedistrictsofCheongdamandShinsa.Thisiswhereyou’llfindfashion-forwardinternationalconceptstoresalongsidehome-grownhavensofchic.Storesherearen’tcheap,butthat’sthepriceyoupayto‘dressclassy,anddancecheesy,’asPsyputsit.

Bongeunsa,locatedinGangnamConventMountain,istheoldesttime-honoredtempleinSouthKorea.ThoughBuddhismwasmorepopularthanConfucianismearlyinLidynasty,undertheguidanceofBowoomaster,BongeunsabegantoprosperasSouthKorea’smainZenBuddhistCenterinthemid-16thcentury.

Ifyouwanttogetsomeenlightenment,youcantakepartinatwo-dayAbbotActivities,mainlyincludingself-cultivationactivities,suchasvegetarianfood,ateaceremonyandmeditation.

14.單選題

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner”.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare____.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson____.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’sneckbecause_____.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto_____.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants_______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

B.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theyneednotcommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…theyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.”，說明作者認(rèn)為眼睛在人與人之間的交往中是相當(dāng)重要的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…facewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.”，說明被遮住眼睛的臉以及側(cè)臉不會(huì)使嬰兒發(fā)笑。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“infantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.”，在日本，嬰兒對(duì)眼睛的依戀不像其他國(guó)家那樣強(qiáng)烈，說明因?yàn)樵趮雰簳r(shí)期不會(huì)有太多機(jī)會(huì)接觸眼神交流。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“…iftheyarenotlooking,thespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpause…”，說明美國(guó)人在交談時(shí)，一定要看著講話人，不然對(duì)方就會(huì)以為你對(duì)談話不感興趣而暫停下來。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses…”，說明談話時(shí)戴深色眼睛會(huì)帶來一系列不好的影響。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Allthemountainsarestunninglybeautiful,andthereare（）valleysandthesmellofpeatfromeverycottage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wooden

B.wooded

C.wooding

D.woods

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。有題干得知，空格后為名詞，因此應(yīng)填入形容詞。wooden“木制的；呆板的”；wooded“樹木繁茂額，森林多的”；wooding無形容詞用法；woods“木材”，也無形容詞用法。修飾valley“山谷”的詞應(yīng)為wooded，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Afterleavingcollege,theyoungman____onanewbusinesscareer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.induced

B.facilitated

C.ignited

D.embarked

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.induced引誘B.facilitated促進(jìn)

C.ignited點(diǎn)燃；激起D.embarked開始（新的或艱難的事情）

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】介詞搭配與語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填動(dòng)詞搭配介詞on使用，空格處前后語(yǔ)義為“離開大學(xué)后，這個(gè)年輕人____了新的商業(yè)生涯”。D選項(xiàng)embarked“開始（新的或艱難的事情）”符合原句介詞搭配與語(yǔ)義銜接，embarkon“開始（新的或艱難的事情）”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不與介詞on搭配使用，且不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接。

【句意】離開大學(xué)后，這個(gè)年輕人開始了新的商業(yè)生涯。

17.單選題

Sleeprestoresthebodyandthemindandhelpspreventdiseasebystrengtheningtheimmunesystem.However,manyadultsdonotgettherecommendedeighthoursofsleepeachnight.Theaverageadulttodaygetsonly6.4hoursofsleep,nearlyanhourandahalflessthanwhattheaveragepersonreceivedacenturyago.Onlyinrecentyearshavehealthprofessionalsbeguntorealizetheprevalenceandseverityofsleepdeprivationintheworkingpopulation.Asignificantnumberofpeopleworkatnight,worklongshifts,orsufferfrominsomnia(失眠)orjetlag.Othersaredeprivedofsleepbecausetheyworktoohard,stayouttoolate,ortrytodotoomanythingsinaday.Adultswhoregularlysleepsixhoursorlessmightthinktheyaccomplishmorebystayinguplate,buttheypayforitthenextdaywhentheyfeelsleepyorirritableorareunabletoconcentrate,rememberthings,orbeveryeffectiveattheirwork.

Studiesshowthatthebrainisadverselyaffectedbysleepdeprivationbecausecertainpatternsofelectricalandchemicalactivitythatoccurduringsleepareinterruptedandthebraincannotfunctionnormally.Inonestudy,thirteenhealthyadultsubjectswhousuallyhadnormalsleeppatternswerekeptawakeandcarefullymonitoredinahospitalsleeplaboratoryduringaperiodof35hours.Duringtheexperiment,thesubjectswereaskedtoperformseveralcognitivetasks,suchasarithmeticandwordproblems,whileundergoingmagneticresonance(共振)scansoftheirbrainactivity.Thescansrecordedeachsubject’sbrainactivityfromarestedstatethroughvariousstagesofsleepdeprivationoverthe35-hourperiod.Thescansproducedimagesshowingincreasedactivityinsomeregionsofthebrainanddecreasedactivityinothers.Theresearchersfoundthatthetemporallobeofthebrain,theregioninvolvedinlanguageprocessing,wasactivatedduringverbaltasksinrestedsubjectsbutnotinsleep-deprivedsubjects.Whensubjectswerefullyrested,theirmagneticresonancescansshowedthatthetemporallobewasveryactive.However,afterseveralhourswithoutsleep,therewasnoactivitywithinthisregion.Theeffectsoftheinactivityincludedslurredspeechinthesubjectswhohadgoneforprolongedperiodswithnosleep.

Severalstudiesshowthatgettingfewerthansixhoursofsleepanightcanimpairshort-termmemory,coordination,reactiontime,andjudgment—thusposingaseriousriskofaccidentorinjury.Inonestudyofdrivers,researchersreportedthatsleepdeprivationhadsomeofthesamehazardouseffectsasbeingdrunk.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhodroveafterbeingawakefor17to19hoursperformedworsethanthosewithabloodalcohollevelof0.05percent,thelegallimitfordrunkdrivinginmostwesternEuropeancountries.Thestudyalsofoundthat16to60percentofroadaccidentsinvolvedsleepdeprivation.Theresearchersconcludedthatcountrieswithdrunkdrivinglawsshouldconsidersimilarrestrictionsagainstsleep-depriveddriving.

Thereareotherproblemsassociatedwithsleepdeprivationbeyondimpairedmotorskillsandjudgment.Driverswhogettoolittlesleepmayhavehigherlevelsofstress,anxietyanddepression,maytakeunnecessaryrisks,ormayexpressragetowardotherdrivers.Thesedangersaffectnotonlydriversbutalsopeoplewhoworklongshiftsornightshifts,suchasmedicalpersonnelandotheremergencyworkers.Thedangersofsleepdeprivationgofarbeyondtheobviousrisksandcan,infact,undermineallareasofanindividual’sphysicalandmentalhealth.

6.WhichsentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinParagraph1?

7.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingascausesofsleepdeprivationEXCEPT______.

8.ThepurposeofthestudydescribedinParagraph2wastodetermine_____.

9.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdidresearcherslearnaboutsubjectswhohadgoneseveralhourswithoutsleep?

10.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4thatmedicalpersonnelandotheremergencyworkers____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acenturyago,healthprofessionalsdidnotexperiencesleepdeprivation;however,nowitisapartoftheirjobs.

B.Itisdifficulttounderstandwhyhealthprofessionalshavenotstudiedtheconsequencesofsleepdeprivation.

C.Sleepdeprivationusedtoaffectonlycertainprofessions,butnowitoccursinallsectorsoftheworkingpopulation.

D.Healthprofessionalshavejuststartedtounderstandthatsleepdeprivationinworkersisaseriousproblem.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.jetlag

B.longworkhours

C.boringwork

D.workingatnight

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.howmanyhourspeoplecansurvivewithoutsleep

B.howpeoplereactwhentheirsleepisinterrupted

C.thechangesinbrainactivitythatoccurduringsleep

D.theeffectsofsleepdeprivationonbrainactivity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thesubjectswereunabletocompletesimplewordproblems.

B.Thesubjectshadnoactivityinpartofthebrainduringverbaltasks.

C.Thesubjectscouldsolvesomecognitivetasksbetterthanothers.

D.Thesubjectsfeltterribleandexpressedangerintheirspeech.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.areatriskforexperiencinganxietyanddepression

B.aremorelikelythandriverstobedeprivedofsleep

C.arenotawarethattheymaysufferfroms