書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenmakingmoderncameras,peoplebeganto（）plasticsformetal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surround

B.substance

C.stretch

D.substitute

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。surround“環(huán)繞，包圍”；substance“物質(zhì)”；stretch“伸展，拉緊”；substitute“替換，代替”。句意：做現(xiàn)代攝像頭時(shí)，人們開始用塑料替換金屬。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia（

）inSanFrancisco.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.predominantly

C.practically

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。previously“以前，預(yù)先”；predominantly“主要地”；practically“實(shí)際地”；permanently“永久地，長期不變地”。句意：超過三分之一的住在美國的中國人主要住在舊金山。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Identitytheftcanrangeforthesimpletheftofacreditcard,oritcangointomorecomplexschemeswherethethievescan_______hundredsofpeopleatatime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.embody

B.impersonate

C.personify

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】embody使具體化;impersonate模仿,扮演;personify賦予...以人性,使人格化;assume假定,設(shè)想。句意：身份盜竊可以簡単地歸類于信用卡盜竊，也可以是更復(fù)雜的方案，比如竊賊可以一次冒充數(shù)百人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

(1)Thesourcesofanti-Christianfeelingweremanyandcomplex.Onthemoreintangibleside,therewasageneralpiqueagainsttheunwantedintrusionoftheWesterncountries;therewasanunderstandabletendencytoseekanexternalscapegoatforinternaldisordersonlytangentiallyattributabletotheWestandperhapsmostimportant,therewasaviriletraditionofethnocentricism,ventedlongbeforeagainstIndianBuddhism,whichsincetheseventeenthcentury,focusedonWesternChristianity.Accordingly,evenbeforethemissionarymovementreallygotunderwayinthemid-nineteenthcentury,itwasalreadyatadisadvantage.After1860,asmissionaryactivityinthehinterlandexpanded,itquicklybecameapparentthatinadditiontotheintangibles,numeroustangiblegroundsforChinesehostilityabounded.

(2)Inpart,theverypresenceofthemissionaryevokedattack,theywere,afterall,thefirstforeignerstoleavethetreatyportsandventureintotheinterior,andforalongtimetheywerevirtuallytheonlyforeignerswhosequotidianlaborscarriedthemtothefarthestreachestheChineseempire.Formanyoftheindigenouspopulation,therefore,themissionarystoodasauniquelyvisiblesymbolagainstwhichoppositiontoforeignintrusioncouldbevented.Inpart,too,themissionarywasattackedbecausethemannerinwhichhemadehispresencefeltafter1860seemedalmostcalculatedtooffend.ByindignantlywagingbattleagainstthenotionthatChinawasthesolefountainheadofcivilizationand,moreparticularly,byhisassaultonmanyfacetsofChineseculture,themissionarydirectlyunderminedtheculturalhegemonyofthegentryclass.Also,incountlessways,heposedathreattothegentry’straditionalmonopolyofsocialleadership.Missionaries,particularlyCatholics,frequently,assumedthegarboftheConfucianliterati.Theyweretheonlypersonsatthelocallevel,asidefromthegentrywhowerepermittedtocommunicatewiththeauthoritiesassocialequals,andtheyenjoyedanextraterritorialstatusintheinteriorthatgavethemgreaterimmunitytoChineselawthanhadeverbeenpossessedbythegentry.

(3)AlthoughitwastheavowedpolicyoftheChinesegovernmentafter1860thatthenewtreatiesweretobestrictlyadheredto,inpracticeimplementationdependedonthewholeheartedaccordprovincialauthorities.Thereisabundantevidencethatcooperationwasdilatory.Attherootofthislaytheinteractivenatureofrulerandruled.

(4)Inaseverelyunderstaffedbureaucracythatruledasmuchbysuasionasbymight,theofficial,almostalwaysastrangerinthelocalityofhisservice,dependedontheactivecooperationofthelocalgentryclass.Energeticattemptstoimplementtreatyprovisionsconcerningmissionaryactivities,indirectdefianceofgentrysentiment,rantheriskofalienatingthisclassanddestroyingfutureeffectiveness.

36.Inavagueway,anti-Christianfeelingstemmedfrom（）.

37.Theauthorwouldagreethat（）.

38.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragree?

39.Missionaries（）.

40.Provincialauthorities（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themerepresenceofinvaders

B.ageneralizedunfocusedfeeling

C.theintroductiontotheWest

D.noneoftheabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.manyproblemsinChinacamefrominternaldisordersduetoWeasterninfluence.

B.manyproblemsinChinacamefromChinaitselfandwereunrelatedtotheWest.

C.scapegoatsperformanecessaryfunctionandthereshouldbemoreofthem.

D.alloftheabovearetrue.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ethnocentricismisamanlytradition.

B.ThedisdaintowardChristianitywasprefiguredbyadisdaintowardBuddhism.

C.AlthoughChristianitywasnotwellreceivedinChina,Buddhismwas.

D.TheauthorwouldagreewithAandC.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.oftendressedthesamewayasChinesescholarsdid

B.werefreeofthelegalconstraintsthatboundthelocalindigenouspopulation

C.hadgreateraccesstoauthoritythanChinesepeasants

D.maybedescribedbyalloftheabove

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.cooperatedfullywiththecentralgovernment’spolicy

B.werealivetolocalfeelings

C.wereobligedtodeterminewhetherlocalsentimenttoleratedimplementation

D.maybedescribedbyBandC.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】36.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“以一種模糊的方式來看，反基督教情緒來源于……”。根據(jù)文章第一段Thesourcesofanti-Christianfeelingweremanyandcomplex.Onthemoreintangibleside,therewasageneralpiqueagainsttheunwantedintrusionoftheWesterncountries;therewasanunderstandabletendencytoseekanexternalscapegoatforinternaldisordersonlytangentiallyattributabletotheWestandperhapsmostimportant,therewasaviriletraditionofethnocentricism,ventedlongbeforeagainstIndianBuddhism,whichsincetheseventeenthcentury,focusedonWesternChristianity.（反基督教情緒的來源很多，而且很復(fù)雜。在更難以捉摸的方面，人們普遍對(duì)西方國家不必要的入侵感到不滿；人們有一種可以理解的傾向，即為與西方影響無關(guān)的內(nèi)部混亂尋找外部替罪羊。或許最重要的是，印度存在著一種強(qiáng)大的民族中心主義傳統(tǒng)，早在反對(duì)印度佛教之前就有了，印度佛教從17世紀(jì)開始就關(guān)注西方基督教。）可知，在這里連續(xù)提到了三個(gè)反基督教的可能因素，可知這種反基督教的因素并不是單一的，也不是固定的，所以B項(xiàng)“一種普遍的、不集中的感覺”更符合題意。A項(xiàng)“入侵者的出現(xiàn)”和C項(xiàng)“西方的引進(jìn)”只是其中一個(gè)因素；D項(xiàng)“以上都不是”錯(cuò)誤。故該題選B。

37.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者可能會(huì)同意……”。根據(jù)第一段第二句therewasanunderstandabletendencytoseekanexternalscapegoatforinternaldisordersonlytangentiallyattributabletotheWest（人們有一種可以理解的傾向，即為與西方影響無關(guān)的內(nèi)部混亂尋找外部替罪羊）可知，中國內(nèi)部的很多問題并不是西方因素引起的，因此B項(xiàng)“中國的許多問題都是中國自己造成的”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“中國的許多問題都是由于受西方的影響而產(chǎn)生的內(nèi)亂，與西方無關(guān)”，內(nèi)容與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“替罪羊發(fā)揮了必要的作用，應(yīng)該有更多的替罪羊”文中沒有提到替罪羊發(fā)揮了作用，該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“以上都是正確的”錯(cuò)誤。故該題選B。

38.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者可能會(huì)同意下列哪一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)？”。根據(jù)第一段第二句therewasaviriletraditionofethnocentricism,ventedlongbeforeagainstIndianBuddhism（印度有一種強(qiáng)大的民族中心主義的男性傳統(tǒng)，早在反對(duì)印度佛教之前就有了），這句話中的virile(男性的)等同于manly，所以A項(xiàng)“民族中心主義是男性的傳統(tǒng)”正確。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)基督教的蔑視是以對(duì)佛教的蔑視為預(yù)兆的”，內(nèi)容在文章并無體現(xiàn)，所以B項(xiàng)不選。根據(jù)againstIndianBuddhism可知C項(xiàng)“雖然基督教在中國不太受歡迎，但佛教很受歡迎”錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)“作者同意A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)的觀點(diǎn)”錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A。

39.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“傳教士……”。第二段最后兩句提到Missionaries,particularlyCatholics,frequently,assumedthegarboftheConfucianliterati.Theyweretheonlypersonsatthelocallevel,asidefromthegentrywhowerepermittedtocommunicatewiththeauthoritiesassocialequals,andtheyenjoyedanextraterritorialstatusintheinteriorthatgavethemgreaterimmunitytoChineselawthanhadeverbeenpossessedbythegentry.（傳教士，尤其是天主教徒，經(jīng)常穿著儒家文人的服裝。除了這些被允許與政府進(jìn)行社會(huì)平等交流，在內(nèi)地享有“治外法權(quán)”和享有更大的中國法律豁免權(quán)的紳士之外，他們是當(dāng)?shù)匚ㄒ幌碛羞@些的人。），由此可知A項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常穿著和中國學(xué)者一樣的衣服”，B項(xiàng)“擺脫了束縛當(dāng)?shù)赝林用竦姆杉s束”和C項(xiàng)“比中國農(nóng)民更容易獲得權(quán)力”都有提及，所以D項(xiàng)“以上都可描述”正確。故該題選D。

40.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“省級(jí)政府……”。最后一段提到theofficial,almostalwaysastrangerinthelocalityofhisservice,dependedontheactivecooperationofthelocalgentryclass.Energeticattemptstoimplementtreatyprovisionsconcerningmissionaryactivities,indirectdefianceofgentrysentiment,rantheriskofalienatingthisclassanddestroyingfutureeffectiveness.（官員在他所管制的當(dāng)?shù)貛缀蹩偸且粋€(gè)陌生人，依靠當(dāng)?shù)丶澥侩A層的積極合作。在直接蔑視紳士情緒的情況下，積極地嘗試執(zhí)行條約規(guī)定有關(guān)傳教活動(dòng)會(huì)冒著疏遠(yuǎn)這個(gè)階級(jí)和破壞其效果的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知這句話表達(dá)了官方對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝说囊蕾嚭凸俜揭遣活櫘?dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦那榫w，實(shí)行傳道活動(dòng)，就會(huì)有疏遠(yuǎn)當(dāng)?shù)厝撕推茐膫鞯赖男Ч奈：?；所以我們可以推斷官方關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦母杏X，同時(shí)官方有義務(wù)去弄清楚人們是否可以容忍傳道活動(dòng)的進(jìn)行。故B項(xiàng)“關(guān)心當(dāng)?shù)厝说那楦小焙虲項(xiàng)“有義務(wù)決定當(dāng)?shù)厝饲榫w是否能容忍傳道的實(shí)施”都正確。A項(xiàng)“充分配合中央政府的政策”，文章沒有提到。因此D項(xiàng)“可以用B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)來描述”符合題意。故該題選D。

5.單選題

Whenyoupackthepears,pleasebecarefulsothattheywon’tget（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bruised

B.blushed

C.injured

D.mature

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。bruise意為“撞傷，擦傷”；blush意為“臉紅，羞愧”；injure意為“(尤指在事故中)傷害，損害”；mature意為“成熟”。

句意：當(dāng)你打包梨子時(shí)，請(qǐng)小心點(diǎn)，不要把梨子摩擦壞了。

6.單選題

Youshoulddimyourlightsinordernottodazzlethe（

）traffic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.meeting

B.facing

C.advancing

D.oncoming

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)meeting“會(huì)面，會(huì)合”；B選項(xiàng)facing“面朝的，對(duì)面的”；C選項(xiàng)advancing“前進(jìn)的，年長的”；D選項(xiàng)oncoming“接近的，迎面而來的”。句意：為了不使迎面而來的車輛眼花繚亂，你應(yīng)該把燈調(diào)暗。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

7.單選題

（

）bytheheavyclothes,hefailedtojumpontothemediumsizedtable.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hampered

B.Prevented

C.Facilitated

D.Encountered

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)Hamper“妨礙，束縛”；B選項(xiàng)Prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”；C選項(xiàng)Facilitate“促進(jìn)，幫助”；D選項(xiàng)Encounter“遭遇，邂逅”。句意：受到厚衣服的束縛，他沒能跳上中等大小的桌子。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

8.單選題

Noneofthedealsisfocusedonoperating-systemsoftware,sononeposesadirectthreattothe（）ofWindows.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.privilege

B.possession

C.control

D.dominance

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。privilege特權(quán)；possession擁有，財(cái)產(chǎn)；control控制，管理；dominance統(tǒng)治，支配。由前半句“這些協(xié)議都不是針對(duì)操作系統(tǒng)軟件的”可知結(jié)果就是不會(huì)對(duì)windows這種主流的操作系統(tǒng)帶來影響。Windows是一種占統(tǒng)治地位的操作系統(tǒng)。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：這些交易都不是針對(duì)操作系統(tǒng)軟件的，因此都不會(huì)對(duì)Windows的統(tǒng)治地位構(gòu)成直接威脅。

9.單選題

Weknowshewasalwaysas（）asherword,sowetrustedher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.honest

C.faithful

D.true

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項(xiàng)good“（adj.）好的；優(yōu)良的；愉快的；虔誠的；（n.）好處；善行；慷慨的行為；（adv.）好”；B選項(xiàng)honest“誠實(shí)的，實(shí)在的；可靠的；坦率的”；C選項(xiàng)faithful“忠實(shí)的，忠誠的；如實(shí)的；準(zhǔn)確可靠的”；D選項(xiàng)true“（adj.）真實(shí)的；正確的；（adv.）真實(shí)地；準(zhǔn)確地；（n.）真實(shí)；準(zhǔn)確”。根據(jù)固定搭配beasgoodasone’sword“說話算數(shù)，守信”可知本題選good。句意：我們知道她一向信守諾言，所以我們信任她。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Canyougivemeanotherhintwithout______theanswer?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.givingoff

B.givingaway

C.givingup

D.givingin

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)givingoff“發(fā)出”；B選項(xiàng)givingaway“泄露”；C選項(xiàng)givingup“放棄”；D選項(xiàng)givingin“屈服”。句意：你能在不告訴我答案的情況下再給我一個(gè)提示嗎？本句表示泄露答案。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Weshould（

）ourhumanandmaterialresourcesifwearetosucceedinthejointventure.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pour

B.plunge

C.pool

D.pick

【答案】C

【解析】句意:如果我們想要辦成合資企業(yè)的話，就應(yīng)該集中我們的人力和物力資源。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pour使(液體)連續(xù)流出，傾倒，倒出傾瀉；plunge使陷入，使投入，使插入；pool共用，聚攏（資金、知識(shí)、設(shè)備等）；pick拾取，精選，采摘。因此C符合句意。

12.單選題

Ihelpedhimcleanthefloor______theunderstandingthatIwouldberewarded.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.through

B.by

C.in

D.on

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)through“通過”，B項(xiàng)by“通過，由”，C項(xiàng)in“在……里”，D項(xiàng)on“在……上”。根據(jù)句子可知，ontheunderstandingthat固定搭配，表示“如果，在……條件上”。句意：如果我可以得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那么我可以幫他打掃地板。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Allenwillsoonfindoutthatreallifeisseldomassimpleasitis（

）incommercials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.drafted

B.depicted

C.alleged

D.permeated

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。drafted“設(shè)計(jì)；挑選”;depicted“描述;描畫”;alleged“宣稱”；permeated“彌漫”。句意：艾倫將很快發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)際生活很少像廣告中描繪的那樣簡單。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

14.單選題

Icanvouchforhis（

）,Ihavealwaysfoundhimveracious.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reputation

B.steadiness

C.truth

D.honesty

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reputation“名聲；名譽(yù)”；B選項(xiàng)steadiness“穩(wěn)定；穩(wěn)健”；C選項(xiàng)truth“真理；事實(shí)”；D選項(xiàng)honesty“誠實(shí)；正直”。句意：我可以為他的······擔(dān)保，我總覺得他很誠實(shí)。本題需要找的是與veracious“誠實(shí)的；真正的”含義相近的名詞，才會(huì)有“我可為他擔(dān)?！?，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid.Thenewcomersalsotendtoseeofficematterswithafresheye,intheprocesssometimescomingupwithcriticalanalysesoftheforcesthatshapeeveryone’sexperienceintheorganization.

ConsiderthenovelviewsofHarveyColemanofAtlantaonthesubjectofgettingahead.Colemanisblack.Hespent11yearswithIBM,halfofthemworkinginmanagementdevelopment,andnowservesasaconsultanttothelikesofAT&T.Coca-Cola,Prudential,andMerch.Colemansaysthatbasedonwhathe’sseenatbigcompanies,heweighsthedifferentelementsthatmakeforlong-termcareersuccessasfollows:performancecountsamere10%,image,30%;andexposure,afull60%.Colemanconcludesthatexcellentjobperformanceissocommonthesedaysthatwhiledoingyourworkwellmaywinyoupayincreases,itwon’tsecureyouthebigpromotion.Hefindsthatadvancementmoreoftendependsonhowmanypeopleknowyouandyourwork,andhowhighuptheyare.

Ridiculousbeliefs?Nottomanypeople,especiallymanywomenandmembersofminorityraceswho,likeColeman,feelthatthescales(障眼物)havedroppedfromtheireyes.“Womenandblacksinorganizationsworkunderfalsebeliefs,”saysKaleelJamison,aNewYork-basedmanagementconsultantwhohelpscorporationsdealwiththeseissues.“Theythinkthatifyouworkhard,you’llgetahead—thatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgiveyouapromotion.”Sheadds,“Mostwomenandblacksaresofrightenedthatpeoplewillthinkthey’vegottenaheadbecauseoftheirsexorcolorthattheyplaydowntheirvisibility.”Heradvicetothosefolks:learnthewaysthatwhitemaleshavetraditionallyusedtofindtheirwayintothespotlight.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid”(Para.1)probablyrefersto“________”.

2.Toachievesuccessinyourcareer,themostimportantfactor,accordingtothepassage,isto________.

3.Thereasonwhywomenandblacksplaydowntheirvisibilityisthatthey________.

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticismsthatshapeeveryone’sexperience

B.theopinionswhichcontradicttheestablishedbeliefs

C.thetendenciesthathelpthenewcomerstoseeofficematterswithafresheye

D.theideaswhichusuallycomeupwithnewwaysofmanagementintheorganization

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.performwellyourtasksgivenbyyoursuperiors

B.projectafavorableimagetothepeoplearoundyou

C.workasaconsultanttoyoursuperiors

D.letyoursuperiorsknowhowgoodyouare

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.knowthatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgivethemapromotion

B.wanttogivepeopletheimpressionthattheyworkunderfalsebeliefs

C.don’twantpeopletothinkthattheirpromotionswereduetosexorcolor

D.believetheycangetpromotedbyreasonoftheirsexorcolor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.RoleofWomenandMinoritiesinManagement

B.TheImportanceofBeingVisible

C.JobPerformanceandAdvancement

D.SexandCareerSuccess

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,“thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid”(Para.1)probablyrefersto“________”.根據(jù)文章，“以前認(rèn)為最好不要說的事情”（第一段）可能指的是“________”。

A.criticismsthatshapeeveryone’sexperienceA.形成每個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的批判

B.theopinionswhichcontradicttheestablishedbeliefsB.與既定信念相矛盾的觀點(diǎn)

C.thetendenciesthathelpthenewcomerstoseeofficematterswithafresheyeC.有助于新人用新眼光看待辦公室事務(wù)的傾向

D.theideaswhichusuallycomeupwithnewwaysofmanagementintheorganizationD.在組織中通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生新型管理方式的想法

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞judgedtobebestleftunsaid定位到第一段第一句，該處講到“她們似乎就越想談?wù)撘郧罢J(rèn)為最好不要說的事情（thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid）”，結(jié)合該段第二句“新人傾向于用全新的眼光（fresheye）來看待公司的事務(wù)，在這過程中，有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)形成組織中每個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的力量進(jìn)行批判性分析（criticalanalyses）?！保芍@里不能說的是和新觀點(diǎn)相反的，并且之前在大環(huán)境中普遍贊同的觀點(diǎn)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“形成每個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的批判”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第二句，該處講到“有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)形成組織中每個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的力量（forcesthatshapeeveryone’sexperience）進(jìn)行批判性分析（criticalanalyses）”，這里指的不是批判塑造經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而是批判形成經(jīng)驗(yàn)的力量，屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“有助于新人用新眼光看待辦公室事務(wù)的傾向”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第二句，該處講到“新人傾向于用全新的眼光來看待公司的事務(wù)（tendtoseeofficematterswithafresheye）”，這里描述的是這件事本身，而不是說要推動(dòng)這件事，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“在組織中通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生新型管理方式的想法”：文中沒有提到這些會(huì)產(chǎn)生新的管理方式，屬于無中生有。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Toachievesuccessinyourcareer,themostimportantfactor,accordingtothepassage,isto________.根據(jù)這篇文章，想要在你的職業(yè)生涯中取得成功，最重要的因素是________。

A.performwellyourtasksgivenbyyoursuperiorsA.出色完成上級(jí)交代的任務(wù)

B.projectafavorableimagetothepeoplearoundyouB.在周圍人面前樹立良好形象

C.workasaconsultanttoyoursuperiorsC.做你上司的顧問

D.letyoursuperiorsknowhowgoodyouareD.讓你上司知道你有多優(yōu)秀

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞themostimportantfactor定位到第二段第一句，該處講到“長期職業(yè)成功的不同要素（differentelements）如下：業(yè)績僅占10%，形象占30%，而曝光率高達(dá)60%（exposure,afull60%）。”，結(jié)合該段第六句“晉升往往取決于（advancementmoreoftendependson）有多少人了解（howmanypeopleknow）你和你的工作，以及他們的職位高低”，可知在事業(yè)成功上，讓上司知道自己的優(yōu)秀最重要，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“出色完成上級(jí)交代的任務(wù)”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句“業(yè)績僅占10%（performancecountsamere10%）”，可知這不是最重要的因素，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“在周圍人面前樹立良好形象”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句“形象占30%（image,30%）”，可知這不是最重要的因素，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“做你上司的顧問”：對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第三句“幫助企業(yè)處理這些問題的管理顧問（managementconsultant）卡列爾?賈米森”，這里只是提到此人及其職業(yè)，和取得職業(yè)生涯的成功無關(guān)，屬于偷換概念。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thereasonwhywomenandblacksplaydowntheirvisibilityisthatthey________.女性和黑人減少自己曝光率的原因是他們________。

A.knowthatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgivethemapromotionA.知道權(quán)威人士會(huì)向下視察，給他們升職

B.wanttogivepeopletheimpressionthattheyworkunderfalsebeliefsB.想給人一種他們抱著錯(cuò)誤信念工作的印象

C.don’twantpeopletothinkthattheirpromotionswereduetosexorcolorC.不希望人們認(rèn)為他們晉升是由于性別或膚色

D.believetheycangetpromotedbyreasonoftheirsexorcolorD.認(rèn)為他們能因性別或膚色而晉升

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞playdowntheirvisibility定位到第三段第五句，該處講到“大多數(shù)女性和黑人害怕人們認(rèn)為（sofrightenedthatpeoplewillthink）他們是因?yàn)樾詣e或膚色而晉升，因此他們減少了自己的曝光率（thattheyplaydowntheirvisibility）?！保芍湓蚴遣幌Ｍ麆e人認(rèn)為他們只因?yàn)樾詣e或膚色而晉升，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“知道會(huì)有上級(jí)向下視察，給他們升職”：對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第四句，該處講到“他們認(rèn)為（Theythink）權(quán)威人士會(huì)向下視察，給你升職（someoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgiveyouapromotion）?！保@是在解釋前一句提到的錯(cuò)誤信念，而非減少曝光率的主要原因，屬于張冠李戴；

B選項(xiàng)“想給人一種他們?cè)阱e(cuò)誤信念下工作的印象”：對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第三句，該處講到“列爾?賈米森說（saysKaleelJamison），女性和黑人抱著錯(cuò)誤的信念工作?！?，這句話是別人對(duì)他們的評(píng)價(jià)，而非他們自己想要這樣做，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為他們能因性別或膚色而晉升”：他們不希望別人認(rèn)為自己因性別或膚色而晉升，自己也不認(rèn)為這樣的事情會(huì)發(fā)生，屬于反向干擾。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是________。

A.RoleofWomenandMinoritiesinManagementA.女性和少數(shù)族裔在管理中的作用

B.TheImportanceofBeingVisibleB.被看見的重要性

C.JobPerformanceandAdvancementC.工作表現(xiàn)與晉升

D.SexandCareerSuccessD.性別與事業(yè)成功

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】第一段提出女性、少數(shù)族裔（womenandminorities）和新人對(duì)于公司原有觀點(diǎn)的沖擊（talkaboutthingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid）；第二段點(diǎn)出自己和自己工作被上級(jí)看到（exposure,afull60%）是在職場中成功最重要的因素；第三段建議女性和黑人讓自己成為焦點(diǎn)（findtheirwayintothespotlight）。綜上所述，這篇文章層層遞進(jìn)，最終要表達(dá)的是在職場中，成為焦點(diǎn)、被看到很重要，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“女性和少數(shù)族裔在管理中的作用”：文中沒有提到女性和少數(shù)族裔在管理中如何發(fā)揮作用，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“工作表現(xiàn)與晉升”和D選項(xiàng)“性別與事業(yè)成功”：只是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，屬于以偏概全。

16.單選題

WilliamPenn,theFounderofPennsylvania,（）defendedtherightofeverycitizentofreedomofchoiceinreligion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peculiarly

B.indifferently

C.vigorously

D.inevitably

【答案】C

【解析】句意:賓夕法尼亞州的創(chuàng)始人，WilliamPenn先生積極維護(hù)每一個(gè)公民自由選擇宗教的權(quán)利。

考查副詞辨析。peculiarly異常地；古怪地；indifferently漠不關(guān)心地；冷淡地；vigorously精神旺盛地，活潑地；大力地；inevitably不可避免地；自然而然地；必然地。因此C符合句意。

17.單選題

Theparentsfeltverydelightedwhentheirdaughterdecidedto（）themoviesanddoherlessons.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forgive

B.forbid

C.forgo

D.foresee

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)forgive“原諒”；B選項(xiàng)forbid“禁止”；C選項(xiàng)forgo“放棄，停止”；D選項(xiàng)foresee“預(yù)見”。句意：當(dāng)他們的女兒決定_____看電影而去做功課時(shí)，父母感到非常高興。本句表達(dá)的意思是，女兒放棄去看電影而做功課，讓父母很開心。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.寫作題

Describechildrensurfingthenetbrieflyandgiveyourcomments.

【答案】Nowadays,theInternetisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsthroughouttheworld.TheInternetisacollectionofvariousservicesandresourcesforpeople.AlmostallhouseholdshaveaccesstotheInternet；however,beforepeopleconnectingtheInternet,theyneedtobeawareofitsdisadvantagesandadvantages.Childrenofnetusershavebecomeabigconcern.MostparentsdonotrealizethedangersinvolvedwhentheirchildrenlogontotheInternet.Whenchildrenareonline,theycaneasilybeluredintosomethingdangerous.Whenchildrentalktoothersonline,theydonotrealizetheycouldactuallybetalkingtoaharmfulperson.Asaresult,therehavebeenmanycaseswherechildrenhavebeenconvincedtomeetpeopletheyhavetalkedwithonline.Inaddition,childrenmayalsoreceivepornographyonlinebymistake;therefore,causingconcernamongparentseverywhere.WhethersurfingtheWeb,readingnewsgroups,orusingemail,childrencanbeexposedtoextremelyinappropriatematerial.Pornographicsitestendtomakesuretheyarethefirstsitestobelistedinanysearcharea；thus,childrencomeacrosssuchsiteseasily.

Wecouldcontroltheissuefromthefollowingthreeaspects.Firstandforemost,parentsareresponsiblefortheirownchildrenontheInternetbecausethereareavailableservicestoprotectchildren.Further,tokeepchildrensafe,parentsandteachersmustbeawareofthedangers.Theymustactivelyguideandguardtheirchildrenonlineandshouldtalktochildrenaboutwhatisonlineandwhatmighthappenonline.Inaddition,thecompaniesshoulddevelopanumberoftoolsavailabletodaythatmayhelpkeeptheInternetenvironmentsaferforchildren.Inotherwords,childrenwanttoexplorethings；however,therearepeopleontheInternetthatarejusttoopersuasive.

19.翻譯題

I.(本題3段，每段10分)

Afterweseeanobjectseveraltimes,webegintorecognizeit.Theobjectisinfrontofusandweknowaboutit,butwedonotseeit—hence,wecannotsayanythingsignificantaboutit.Artremovesobjectsfromtheautomatismofperceptioninseveralways.HereIwanttoillustrateawayusedrepeatedlybyLeoTolstoy,thatwriterwho,forMerezhkovskyatleast,seemstopresentthingsasifhehimselfsawthem,andsawthemintheirentirety,anddidnotalterthem.

—VictorShklovsky,ArtasTechniqueMaywereallyattempttocomparetheimaginativewriterwiththe“dreamerinbroaddaylight,”andhiscreationswithdaydreams?…Onefeatureaboveallcannotfailtostrikeusaboutthecreationsofthesestory-writers:eachofthemhasaherowhoisthecenterofinterest,forwhomthewritertriestowinoursympathybyeverypossiblemeansandwhomheseemstoplaceundertheprotectionofaspecialprovidence.…ThefeelingofsecuritywithwhichIfollowtheherothroughhisperilousadventuresisthesameasthefeelingwithwhichaheroinreallifethrowshimselfintothewatertosaveadrowningmanorexposeshimselftotheenemy’sfireinordertostormabattery.Itisthetrueheroicfeeling,whichoneofourbestwritershasexpressedinaninimitablephrase:“Nothingcanhappentome!”Itseemstome,however,thatthroughthisrevealingcharacteristicofinvulnerabilitywecanimmediatelyrecognizeHisMajestytheEgo,theheroalikeofeverydaydreamandofeverystory.

—SigmundFreud,CreativeWritersandDaydreamingIcallthecombinationofaconceptandasound-imageasign,butincurrentusagethetermgenerallydesignatesonlyasound-image,aword,forexample(arbor,etc.)Onetendstoforgetthatarboriscalledasignonlybecauseitcarriestheconcept“tree,”withtheresultthattheideaofthesensorypartimpliestheideaofthewhole.

Ambiguitywoulddisappearifthethreenotionsinvolvedhereweredesignatedbythreenames,eachsuggestingandopposingtheothers.Iproposetoretainthewordsigntodesignatethewholeandtoreplaceconceptandsound-imagerespectivelybysignifiedandsignifier;thelasttwotermshavetheadvantageofindicatingtheoppositionthatseparatesthemfromeachotherandfromthewholeofwhichtheyareparts.

—FerdinanddeSaussure,CourseinGeneralLinguistics

【答案】當(dāng)我們多次看到一個(gè)物體后，我們就開始辨別出它。物體就在我們面前，我們知道它，但我們看不到它。因此，我們不能說任何關(guān)于這個(gè)物體的有意義的事情。藝術(shù)通過幾種方式將物體從無意識(shí)行為的感知中移除。在這里，我想說明列夫?托爾斯泰反復(fù)使用的一種方法，至少在梅雷日科夫斯基看來，這位作家呈現(xiàn)事物的方式，就好像他自己看到了它們本身，看到了它們的全部，但沒有改變它們。

——維克多?什克洛夫斯基，《藝術(shù)即技巧》20.翻譯題

Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”

Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.

【答案】好書常如最精美的寶器，珍藏著人生的思想的精華；因?yàn)槿说纳钍澜缰饕撬乃枷胧澜纭Ｒ虼?，最好的書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶庫，這些良言和思想若銘記于心并多加珍視，就會(huì)成為我們忠實(shí)的伴侶和永恒的慰藉。菲利普?西德尼爵士說過：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤獨(dú)。”

在我們受到誘惑的時(shí)候，美好真實(shí)的思想可以作為一種仁慈的視角，凈化和保護(hù)我們的靈魂。這同樣孕育著行為的萌芽，因?yàn)榻鹩窳佳钥偰芗?lì)善行。

21.單選題

Aboutoneandahalfmillionyearsagotheclimateoftheworldbecamemuchcolder.ThisledtothecapsoficearoundtheNorthandSouth[A]Polesspreadingtocover[B]muchNorthAmericaandNorthernEurope.Suchperiodsofcoldclimatearecallediceages.Thewoollymammothlivedinnorthernpartsoftheworld[C]between300,000and100,000yearsago.ItwasafavouritepreyofStoneAgehunters,[D]whouseditscoatforclothes,andthemeatasfood.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Poles

B.much

C.between

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞用法。B選項(xiàng)much不能直接修飾地名，應(yīng)改為muchof。

22.單選題

Theremarkable（）oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwintoestablishhistheoryofevolution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.classification

B.variation

C.variety

D.modification

【答案】C

【解析】句意:加拉帕戈斯群島的不同尋常的生物多樣性激發(fā)了達(dá)爾文創(chuàng)立進(jìn)化論的靈感。

考查名詞辨析。classification歸類，分級(jí)，類別；variation（數(shù)量，水平等）變化，變更，變奏；variety多樣性，種類；modification修改，改進(jìn)，改變。故選C。

23.單選題

Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.Farfromhavingtheworld’sbest-policedmarkets,theUnitedStates,manyEuropeanpoliticiansclaimed,suffereduniquelyfromalethalcombinationofgreedyandoverpaidbosses:conflictedauditorsandinvestmentbankers,relianceonaccountingrulesnotprinciples,andanobsessionwithquarterlyprofitnumbers.InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.

AsmoresensibleEuropeanregulatorsrecognize,thissmugnesswasneverjustified;itisonlynecessarytorecallscandalssuchasVivendiandElan.ButEurope’sclaimofimmunityfromcorporateslacknesshasnowbeenblownoutofthewaterbythisweek’srevelationsthatRoyalAholdoftheNetherlandsoverstateditsprofitsfor200-02byasmuchas$500m.Thecompany’sAmsterdam-basedauditors,Deloitte&Touche,failedtopicktheproblemsupin2001,eventhoughworriesaboutAhold’saccountswerewidelyexpressedinthemarketsformostoflastyear.TheDutchmarketregulatoradmittedthisweekthatithadnopowersofdisciplineoverfaultyauditing.

Whatabouttherelativenumbersofrestatements?BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.

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