書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

ThereisacertaininevitabilitythatebooksaleshavenowovertakenpaperbacksalesonAmazon’sUSsite.Amazon’sKindle2issolightandsocheapthatit’seasytoseewhypeoplehaverushedtobuyit.ThoughI’mstillnotkeenonthedesignoftheKindle,itisavastimprovementonitspredecessorandcertainlytolerable.Beyondthedeviceitself,AmazonhasdoneagreatjobofrollingoutKindleapps,ensuringthatpeoplelikeme—whohaveaniPadbutnotaKindle—canstilljoininthefun.Onceyou’reintotheKindleecosystem,Amazonlocksyouintightly—justasAppledoeswithitsiTunes/iPodecosystem.It’ssoeasytobuyfromAmazon’sstoreandthebooksaresocheapthatit’snotworththeeffortofgoingelsewhere.

WhileIremainopposedtoAmazon’sDRM（數(shù)字版權(quán)管理）—indeed,I’mopposedtoDRMonanyebooks—IhavetoadmitthattheimplementationissosmooththatmostKindleuserswon’tcareatallthattheirebookscan’tbemovedtootherdevices.

Theebooktrendisnowherenearpeaking.Overthenextfiveyearswecanexpecttoseemoreandmorereadersmoveawayfromprintedbooksandpickupebooksinstead.ButIdon’tthinkthatwillmeanthedeathoftheprintedbook.

Therearesomewhopreferprintedbooks.Theylikehavingshelvesfilledwithbooksthey’vereadandbookstheyplantoread;theylikethefeelofthebookintheirhandsandthedifferentweightsandtypefacesandlayoutsofdifferenttitles.Inotherwords,theylikethephysicalformofthebookalmostasmuchasthewordsitcontains.

Icansympathizewiththosepeople.AsIwroteearlierthisweek,myidealsituationwouldbeforpublisherstobundleebookswithprintedones—inmuchthesamewaythatfilmstudiosbundleDVDswithdigitalcopiesoffilms.There'snoreasontothinkthatloversofprintedbookswillchangetheirminds.Therewillundoubtedlybefewerofthemastimegoesbybecausemorepeoplewillgrowupwithebooksandspendlittletimewithprintedones.However,justastherearepeoplewholovevinylrecords（黑膠唱片）,eveniftheywerebornwellintotheCDera,therewillstillbeadedicatedminoritywholovephysicalbooks.

Sincetherearefewerofthesepeople,thatwillmeanfewerbookshopsandhigherpricesforprintedbooks,butIdon’tthinkthepictureisentirelybleak.Thereisscopeforsmallerprintrunsoflavishlydesignedprintedbooksandbookshopsaimedatbooklovers,ratherthantheStiegLarsson-readingmasses.Withmainstreamreadersoutoftheprintedbookmarket,bookloversmightevenfindtheygetabetterexperience.

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhytheauthoropposestoAmazon’sDRMisthat（）.

3.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthetrendofebooks（）.

4.Whydoestheauthorbelievethatthesurgingsalesofbookswon’tmeanthedeathoftheprintedbook?

5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthefutureofprintedbooks?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.MostpeoplebuyKindle2mainlybecauseofitslowprice.

B.TheauthorofthepassageisaloyalcustomerofAppleproducts.

C.Amazon’sKindle2surpassedKindle1indesigning.

D.Thesalesofebooksoutnumberedthoseofprintedbooksintheglobalmarket.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ebookscanonlybepurchasedonA

B.theimplementationofebooksisverycomplicated

C.onceimplementation,ebookscan’tbetransferredtootherequipment

D.ebooksinstalledonKindle2can’tbeeditedfreely

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.willcometostopanytimesoon

B.willmeetitsheydaywhenprintedbooksdie

C.willreachthesummitinthenearfuture

D.hasalreadyreacheditspeak

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseaminoritywillsticktotheirloveofprintedbooks.

B.Becausethemajorityofbookloverswon’tchangetheirminds.

C.Becausepeoplealwaysholdnostalgicfeelingstowardsprintedbooks.

D.Becausepeoplewillreturntoprintedbooksastimegoesby.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theywillbebundledwithebooks.

B.Theywillnolongerbeavailableinthemarket.

C.Theywillbesoldinsmallquantityandhighquality.

D.Theywillberedesignedtocatertothemasses.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。選項(xiàng)A“大部分人購(gòu)買Kindle2主要是因?yàn)樗膬r(jià)格很低”，原文說(shuō)的是“Amazon’sKindle2issolightandsocheapthatit’seasytoseewhypeoplehaverushedtobuyit.”提到了兩個(gè)原因，也并沒(méi)有提及便宜是最主要的原因，所以選項(xiàng)A表述不符合原文；選項(xiàng)B“作者是蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)品的忠實(shí)顧客”，原文只是提及作者擁有iPad，并不能說(shuō)明作者是其忠實(shí)的顧客，所以不正確；選項(xiàng)C“亞馬遜Kindle2在設(shè)計(jì)上比Kindle1要好”，根據(jù)第一段第三句“ThoughI’mstillnotkeenonthedesignoftheKindle,itisavastimprovementonitspredecessorandcertainlytolerable.雖然我仍然對(duì)Kindle的設(shè)計(jì)不感興趣，但它相比之前的版本有了很大的改進(jìn)，而且肯定還過(guò)得去?！彼赃x項(xiàng)C正確；選項(xiàng)D“在全球市場(chǎng)上，電子書(shū)的銷量超過(guò)了印刷書(shū)籍”，根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，只是在美國(guó)如此，并不是全球市場(chǎng)，所以選項(xiàng)D不正確。只有選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“Amazon’sDRM”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容：“雖然我仍然反對(duì)亞馬遜的數(shù)字版權(quán)管理——事實(shí)上，我反對(duì)在任何電子書(shū)上使用數(shù)字版權(quán)管理——但我不得不承認(rèn)，它的安裝使用是如此順暢，以至于大多數(shù)Kindle用戶根本不會(huì)在乎他們的電子書(shū)不能轉(zhuǎn)移到其他設(shè)備上”。由此可知，一旦DRM安裝使用，電子書(shū)就不能轉(zhuǎn)移到其他設(shè)備上，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“電子書(shū)的趨勢(shì)還遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)巔峰。在接下來(lái)的5年時(shí)間里，我們有望看到越來(lái)越多的讀者拋棄紙質(zhì)書(shū)而選擇電子書(shū)?！庇纱丝芍?，電子書(shū)的趨勢(shì)在不遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)會(huì)達(dá)到頂峰。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第4題:4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“However,justastherearepeoplewholovevinylrecords,eveniftheywerebornwellintotheCDera,therewillstillbeadedicatedminoritywholovephysicalbooks.然而，就像有些人喜歡黑膠唱片，即使他們出生在CD的時(shí)代，所以仍然會(huì)有特定的少數(shù)人喜歡紙質(zhì)書(shū)?！彼赃x項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“由于這樣的人越來(lái)越少，這就意味著書(shū)店會(huì)越來(lái)越少，紙質(zhì)書(shū)的價(jià)格也會(huì)越來(lái)越高，但我不認(rèn)為前景會(huì)完全黯淡。設(shè)計(jì)奢華的小型印刷書(shū)籍和書(shū)店仍有發(fā)展空間……”由此可知，它們（紙質(zhì)書(shū)）將以小批量高質(zhì)量的方式銷售。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.單選題

He___afewmoreboardsfromthecabinettomaketheinsidemorespacious.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.separated

B.divided

C.detached

D.parted

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)separated“（使）分離，分開(kāi)（指把兩個(gè)人或物分開(kāi)，著重從原屬一個(gè)整體中移居一部分或把兩者隔開(kāi)）；隔開(kāi)；分手；（使）分居；（使）區(qū)別（于）”；B選項(xiàng)divided“（使）分開(kāi)；分成（指把一個(gè)整體按要求分成幾個(gè)部分，暗示分配之意；也可指分開(kāi)兩個(gè)對(duì)立的事物）；分配；分擔(dān)；分隔；（道路）分叉；使產(chǎn)生分歧；（數(shù)）除，除以”；C選項(xiàng)detached“拆卸；掙脫；派遣；可方便地取下；執(zhí)行單獨(dú)任務(wù)”；D選項(xiàng)parted“離開(kāi)；分別（多指使緊密相連的人或物分開(kāi)，往往暗示最后分離的意味）；分開(kāi)；隔離；分散；解散；裂開(kāi)；斷裂；（頭發(fā)）梳成分頭”。句意：他從柜子上___幾塊木板，使里面更寬敞。本句表達(dá)“從柜子上拆卸木板”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒(méi)有改革開(kāi)放，就沒(méi)有今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

祖國(guó)的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好，就會(huì)前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事，不長(zhǎng)一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考慮這些情況，恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問(wèn)題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

4.單選題

Oncethequestionisput,weknow（

）trytoobtaintheanswer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toproceedindirectionto

B.wheredirectionproceedto

C.inwhichdirectiontoproceedto

D.whichdirectionproceedtoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，know后面的成分為它的賓語(yǔ)，填空處缺少的是方式狀語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)A不定式做主語(yǔ)或目的狀語(yǔ)；選項(xiàng)B中where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；選項(xiàng)D缺少先行詞。所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.單選題

Whenapersondies,hisdebtsmustbepaidbeforehis（）canbedistributed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradoxes

B.legacies

C.platitudes

D.analogies

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“似是而非的論點(diǎn)，自相矛盾的話”；B選項(xiàng)“遺產(chǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)“陳詞濫調(diào)”；D選項(xiàng)“類似，類推”，句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)人死后，他的債務(wù)必須在（）分配之前弄清。這句要表示的是“要把遺產(chǎn)分配清楚”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Withoutfacts,wecannotformaworthwhileopinionforweneedtohavefactualknowledge（

）ourthinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichtobebasedon

B.uponwhichtobase

C.towhichtobebasedon

D.whichtobaseupon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：沒(méi)有事實(shí)，我們就不能形成有價(jià)值的觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲覀兊乃伎际墙⒃谑聦?shí)知識(shí)之上。ourthinking與factualknowledge之間是主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，所以排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。再由句意：“思考是建立在事實(shí)知識(shí)之上”，可知B項(xiàng)為試題答案。

7.單選題

Ifyoudiscussasubjectwithouttakinganadversarialposition,you’llgetclosertothetruthofthematterthanyouwouldbygoingateachother______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eyetoeye

B.facetoface

C.hammerandtongs

D.hammerandnails

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)eyetoeye“心有靈犀；四目相對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)facetoface“面對(duì)面”；C選項(xiàng)hammerandtongs“竭盡全力”；D選項(xiàng)hammerandnails“錘子和釘子”。句意：如果不站在敵對(duì)的立場(chǎng)討論問(wèn)題，相比于______相互攻擊，你們會(huì)更接近問(wèn)題的真相。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是不要把全部注意力放在用言語(yǔ)相互攻擊對(duì)方，C選項(xiàng)hammerandtongs“竭盡全力”符合題意。這里沒(méi)有提到是否是面對(duì)面討論問(wèn)題還是以其他方式，B選項(xiàng)facetoface“面對(duì)面”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.問(wèn)答題

Inspirittheirworkwasclosertothehumorofthefast-developingcomicstripandgagcartoon

A

B

thantothestringofpoliticalsatire.Theirsubjectsweremoreoftenamusingthanoffendedby

C

D

amiableattacks.

【答案】試題答案：D;amused

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。amusing一般形容物；amused一般形容人。theirsubjects意為“他們的繪畫(huà)對(duì)象”，表示人。

9.單選題

Hemanagedto（）hiswayintoheraffection.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tail

B.worm

C.wolf

D.rocket

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)tail“尾隨，裝上尾巴”；B選項(xiàng)worm“使蠕動(dòng)，使緩慢、曲折前進(jìn)”；wormone’swayinto“隱藏真正的意圖混入某個(gè)地區(qū)或組織，混入，費(fèi)一番功夫打入”，例如：Hemanagetowormhiswayintoherlife.（他設(shè)法騙取信任進(jìn)入了她的生活。）；C選項(xiàng)wolf“大吃，狼吞虎咽地吃”；D選項(xiàng)rocket”迅速增加，飛速移動(dòng)”。句意：他設(shè)法贏得他的喜愛(ài)。由選項(xiàng)意思和固定搭配可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

Aidedbytherecentabilitytoanalyzesamplesofairtrappedglaciers,scientistsnowhaveaclearerideaoftherelationshipbetweenatmosphericcompositionandglobaltemperaturechangeoverthepast160,000years.Inparticular,determinationofatmosphericcompositionduringperiodsofglacialexpansionandretreat(coolingandwarming)ispossibleusingdatafromthe2,000-meterVostokicecoredrilledinAntarctica.Thetechniqueinvolvedissimilartothatusedinanalyzingcoresofmarinesediments,wheretheratioofthetwocommonisotopesofoxygen,180and160,accuratelyreflectspasttemperaturechanges.IsotopicanalysisofoxygenintheVostokcoresuggestsmainglobaltemperaturefluctuationsofupto10degreescentigradeoverthepast160,000years.DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofCarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.Thecorrelationofcarbondioxidewithtemperature,ofcourse,doesnotestablishwhetherchangesinatmosphericcompositioncausedthewarmingandcoolingtrendsorwerecausedbythem.ThecorrelationbetweencarbondioxideandtemperaturethroughouttheVostokrecordisconsistentandpredictable.Theabsolutetemperaturechanges,however,arefrom5to14timesgreaterthanwouldbeexpectedonthebasisofcarbondioxide’sownabilitytoabsorbinfraredradiation,orradiantheat.Thisreactionsuggeststhat,quiteasidefromchangesinheat-trappinggases,commonlyknownasgreenhousegases,certainpositivefeedbacksarealsoamplifyingthetemperaturechange.Suchfeedbacksmightinvolveiceonlandandsea,clouds,orwatervapor,whichalsoabsorbradiantheat.OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.Themethaneconcentrationnearlydoubled,forexample,betweenthepeakofthepenultimateglacialperiodandthefollwinginterglacialperiod.Withinthepresentinterglacialperiodithasmorethandoubledinjustthepast300yearsandisrisingrapidly.Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.Onthebasisofasimulationmodelthatclimatologicalresearchershavedeveloped,methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.

50.Thepassageprovidesinformationtosupportwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmethane?

51.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherelationshipbetweencarbondioxideandglobaltemperature?

52.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatalong-termdecreaseintheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmospherewould______.

53.ThepassagesuggeststhatwhenthemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmospheredecreases,whichofthefollowingalsohappens?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Methaneismoreeffectivethancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.

B.Thelessthemethaneconcentration,themorethecloudsformedintheEarth’satmosphere.

C.ThehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphere;thelowertheconcentrationofmethane.

D.Mostoftheglobalwarmingthathasoccurredduringthepast10yearshasbeenassociatedwithincreasedmethaneconcentration.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Carbondioxidelevelschangeimmediatelyinresponsetochangesintemperature.

B.Carbondioxidelevelscorrelatewithglobaltemperatureduringcoolingperiodsonly.

C.Oncecarbondioxidelevelsincrease,theyremainhighregardlessofchangesinglobaltemperature.

D.Duringcoolingperiods,carbondioxidelevelsinitiallyremainhighandthendecline.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.increasemethaneconcentrationintheEarth’satmosphere

B.accompanyaperiodofglaciation

C.encouragetheformationofmoreoxygenisotopesintheEarth’satmosphere

D.promotetheformationofmorewaterintheEarth’sglobalenvironment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Glaciersmeltfaster.

B.Theconcentrationofcarbondioxideincreases.

C.Theglobaltemperaturedecreases.

D.Carbondioxideabsorbsmoreradiantheat.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】50.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“這篇文章提供了信息來(lái)支持下面關(guān)于甲烷的哪個(gè)陳述？”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句Althoughtheconcentrationofatmosphericmethaneismorethantwoordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatofcarbondioxide,itcannotbeignored:theradiativepropertiesofmethanemakeit20timesmoreeffective,moleculeformolecule,thancarbondioxideinabsorbingradiantheat.（盡管大氣中甲烷濃度的數(shù)量級(jí)，比二氧化碳低兩個(gè)量級(jí)還多，但不能忽略：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)分子比較來(lái)看，甲烷的輻射特性，導(dǎo)致它吸收輻射熱的效率是二氧化碳的20倍。）可知，A項(xiàng)“甲烷在吸收輻射熱方面比二氧化碳更有效”正確；B項(xiàng)“甲烷濃度越少，地球大氣中形成的云就越多”、C項(xiàng)“地球大氣中二氧化碳的濃度越高，甲烷的濃度越低”和D項(xiàng)“過(guò)去10年發(fā)生的大部分全球變暖都與甲烷濃度增加有關(guān)”都沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，下面哪個(gè)陳述最好地描述了二氧化碳和全球溫度之間的關(guān)系？”。根據(jù)文中的DatafromtheVostokcorealsoindicatethattheamountofCarbondioxidehasfluctuatedwithtemperatureoverthesameperiod:thehigherthetemperature,thehighertheconcentrationofcarbondioxideandthelowerthetemperature,thelowertheconcentration.Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.（Vostok巖心的數(shù)據(jù)還表明，同一時(shí)期二氧化碳的含量隨溫度波動(dòng)：溫度越高，二氧化碳濃度越高，溫度越低，二氧化碳濃度越低。盡管二氧化碳含量的變化緊跟在冰川消退時(shí)期的溫度變化之后，但在冷卻時(shí)期，二氧化碳含量的變化明顯滯后于溫度。）可知，在冷卻期間，二氧化碳的水平先是保持之前的高水平，隨后下降，D項(xiàng)“在冷卻期間，二氧化碳水平最初保持在高位，然后下降”正確；A項(xiàng)“二氧化碳水平會(huì)隨著溫度的變化而立即變化”錯(cuò)誤，在冷卻時(shí)期二氧化碳水平明顯滯后于溫度；B項(xiàng)“只有在冷卻期間，二氧化碳水平才與全球溫度相關(guān)”和C項(xiàng)“一旦二氧化碳水平增加，無(wú)論全球溫度如何變化，它們都保持高水平”均不符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

52.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從這篇文章中可以推斷出，地球大氣中二氧化碳濃度的長(zhǎng)期下降將會(huì)……”。根據(jù)Althoughchangeincarbondioxidecontentcloselyfollowschangeintemperatureduringperiodsofdeglaciation,itapparentlylagsbehindtemperatureduringperiodsofcooling.（盡管二氧化碳含量的變化緊跟在冰川消退時(shí)期的溫度變化之后，但在冷卻時(shí)期，二氧化碳含量的變化明顯滯后于溫度。）來(lái)推斷，在冰消時(shí)期，二氧化碳的含量變化是緊跟冰消時(shí)期的溫度變化而變化，冰消時(shí)期溫度是升高的，所以二氧化碳含量會(huì)增高；而在冷卻時(shí)期，即冰川時(shí)期，溫度下降二氧化碳含量也會(huì)下降，只是滯后于溫度的變化；由此可以推斷，如果二氧化碳的含量長(zhǎng)期下降，溫度肯定是比二氧化碳的含量下降的更明顯，所以將會(huì)伴隨著冰川時(shí)期，故B項(xiàng)“伴隨冰川時(shí)期”正確；根據(jù)最后一句methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.（在8000到10000年前的最近一次冰川消退中，甲烷大約提供了相當(dāng)于二氧化碳25%的貢獻(xiàn)。）可知，甲烷和二氧化碳一樣，二氧化碳濃度的長(zhǎng)期下降，甲烷可能也會(huì)下降，A項(xiàng)“增加地球大氣中的甲烷濃度”錯(cuò)誤；文中并沒(méi)有闡述氧同位素和溫度的關(guān)系，C項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)地球大氣中更多氧同位素的形成”錯(cuò)誤；文中沒(méi)有提到二氧化碳的含量和水有直接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)地球環(huán)境中更多水的形成”不選。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

53.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“文章指出，當(dāng)?shù)厍虼髿庵械募淄闈舛冉档蜁r(shí)，下列哪一種情況也會(huì)發(fā)生？”。根據(jù)文中的OtherdatafromtheVostokcoreshowthatmethanegasalsocorrelatescloselywithtemperatureandcarbondioxide.（Vostok核的其他數(shù)據(jù)顯示，甲烷氣體也與溫度和二氧化碳密切相關(guān)。），以及最后一句methaneappearstohavebeenabout25percentasimportantascarbondioxideinthewarmingthattookplaceduringthemostrecentglacialretreat8,000to10,000yearsago.（在8000到10000年前的最近一次冰川消退中，甲烷大約提供了相當(dāng)于二氧化碳25%的貢獻(xiàn)。）可推斷，當(dāng)大氣中甲烷濃度降低時(shí)，二氧化碳含量可能同樣的下降了，那么可能會(huì)伴隨冰川時(shí)期，所以溫度會(huì)下降，C項(xiàng)“全球氣溫下降”正確；由此也知A項(xiàng)“冰川融化得更快”和B項(xiàng)“二氧化碳濃度增加”錯(cuò)誤；二氧化碳吸收輻射熱的多少和甲烷濃度沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)“二氧化碳吸收更多的輻射熱”不選。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

FamedsingerStevieWondercan’tseehisfansdancingathisconcerts.Hecan’tseethehandsofhisaudienceastheyapplaudwildlyattheendofhissuperstition.

Blindfrombirth,Wonderhaswaitedhiswholelifeforachancetosee.Recently,WondervisitedMarkHumayan,avisionspecialist.HethoughtthatanewdevicecurrentlybeingstudiedbyHumayanmightofferhimthatchance.

Thedevice,aretinalprosthesis,isatinycomputerchipimplantedinsideapatient’seye.Thechipsendsimagestothebrainandallowssomesightlesspeopletoseeshapesandcolors.Wonderhopedtheretinalprosthesismightworkforhim.“I’vealwayssaidthatifeverthere’spossibilityofmyseeing,”saidWonder,“thenIwouldtakethechallenge.”

UnfortunatelyforWonder,thatchallengewillhavetowait.Humayanexplainedthatthedeviceisn’treadyforpeoplewhohavebeenblindsincebirth.Theirbrainsmaynotbeabletohandlesignalsfromaretinalprosthesisbecausetheirbrainshaveneverhandledsignalsfromahealthyeye.

Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.Perhapsonedaysoon,someformerlysightlesspeoplemaybeinWonder’saudiencelookingup—andseeinghim—fortheveryfirsttime.

Wonder’swillingnesstotakepartinretinalprosthesisstudiesandtheresultsofthosestudiesaregivingnewhopetopeoplewhothoughttheywouldbeblindfortherestoftheirlives.MorethanonemillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesareconsideredlegallyblind,meaningthattheireyesightisseverelyimpaired.Anotheronemillionaretotallyblind.

Twotypesofspecializedcellsintheretina—rodsandcones—arecriticalforpropervision.Lightenterstheeyeandfallsontherodsandconesintheretina.Thosecellsconvertthelighttoelectricalsignalswhichtravelthroughtheopticnervetothebrain.Thebraininterpretsthosesignalsasvisualimages.Rodsdetectlightatlowlevelsofillumination.Forinstance,rodsallowyoutoseefaintshadowsindimmoonlight.Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.Somediseasescandamagecellsintheretina.Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.

Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.Differentformsofretinalprosthesesarecurrentlybeingdeveloped.Ononetype,atinycomputerchipisembeddedintheeye.Thechiphasagridofabout2,500light-sensingelementscalledpixels.

Lightenteringtheeyestrikesthepixels,whichconvertthelightintoelectricalsignals.Thepixelsthensendtheelectricalsignalstonervecellsbehindtheretina.Thosecellssendsignalsviatheopticnervetothebrainforinterpretation.

Manypeoplewhohavehadaretinalprosthesisimplantedsaytheycanseeshapes,colors,andmovementsthattheycouldn’tseebefore.“Itwasgreat,”saidHaroldChurchey,whoreceivedhisretinalprosthesis15yearsafterhebecametotallyblind.“Toseelightaftersolong—itwasjustwonderful.Itwasjustlikeswitchingalighton.”

1.WhydidSteveWondervisitMarkHumayan?

2.WhomisMark'sretinalprosthesisreadyfor?

3.Fordetectingcolors,wedepend,inthefirstplace,on（）

4.Whydoesmaculardegenerationcauseblindnessandothervisionproblems?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefunctionofretinalprosthesisistrueaccordingtothepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.HethoughtMark'sdevicemightrecoverhiseyesight.

B.HethoughtMarkmightneedhishelpindevelopingthedevice.

C.HethoughtMarkmightwanttolistentohisSuperstition.

D.HethoughtMarkmightimplantachipintohisrighteye.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Forthosewhohavebeenblindfrombirth.

B.Forthosewhostillhavefaintvision.

C.Fortheblindwhooncehadeyesight.

D.Forthosewhostillhaveonehealthyeye.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.interpretationbythebrain.

B.conesoftheretina.

C.rodsoftheretina.

D.opticnerve.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Maculardegenerationcausesimproperinterpretationbythebrain.

B.Maculardegenerationmakestheretinalesssensitivetothelight.

C.Maculardegenerationchangesthefunctionsofrodsandcones.

D.Maculardegenerationcausesinadequatesupplyofbloodintheretina.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanpreventsomeeyedisorders.

B.Itcancuresomeeyedisorders.

C.Itcanhelprecovereyesighttosomedegree.

D.Itcanrepairthedamagedcones.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容“Wonder自打出生眼睛就看不見(jiàn)，他一生都在等待一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。最近，Wonder拜訪了視力專家MarkHumayan。他認(rèn)為目前Humayan正在研究的一種新裝置可能會(huì)給他提供這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)?！庇纱丝芍琒teveWonder拜訪MarkHumayan的原因是他認(rèn)為MarkHumayan的設(shè)備可能會(huì)恢復(fù)他的視力，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.然而，視網(wǎng)膜假體和其他裝置在幫助許多曾經(jīng)有過(guò)視力的盲人重見(jiàn)光明方面展現(xiàn)出了巨大的希望?！庇纱丝赏茢?，Mark的視網(wǎng)膜假體裝置是為那些曾經(jīng)有過(guò)良好視力的人準(zhǔn)備的，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第七段的內(nèi)容可知，視網(wǎng)膜中有兩種特殊的細(xì)胞對(duì)正常的視力至關(guān)重要——桿狀細(xì)胞和視錐細(xì)胞。第七段還提及“Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.另一方面，視錐細(xì)胞對(duì)顏色最敏感?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“maculardegeneration”定位到第七段后半部分的內(nèi)容“Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.例如，黃斑變性導(dǎo)致美國(guó)每年有70萬(wàn)人失明和其他視力問(wèn)題。這種情況是由于缺乏足夠的血液供應(yīng)到視網(wǎng)膜的中央部分。沒(méi)有血液，視網(wǎng)膜中的桿狀細(xì)胞、視錐細(xì)胞和其他細(xì)胞就會(huì)死亡?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第八段的首句“Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.像視網(wǎng)膜假體這樣的設(shè)備不能預(yù)防或治愈我們的眼病，但它們可以幫助有視力障礙的患者重獲一些視力?！庇纱丝芍暰W(wǎng)膜假體能在一定程度上幫助恢復(fù)視力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

12.寫(xiě)作題

Writeanessayinnolessthan200wordswiththetitle“MyUnderstandingofGlobalization”.

【答案】MyUnderstandingofGlobalization13.單選題

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymostselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram,onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey'lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox.”SaysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardCannerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia'sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybetimeforusto...letthe(Michigan)votersdecideiftheywanttouseraceasafactorinadmissions.”ConnerlysaidMonday.

Meanwhile,U.S.EducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush'sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction,saidtheDepartmentofEducationwill“continueexaminingandhighlightingeffectiverace-neutralapproachestoensurebroadaccesstoanddiversitywithinourpublicinstitutions.”EvenSupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connor,inoneoftheopinions,recommendedthatstateslookforsessionsinrace-neutralprogramsbeingtriedinCaliforniaandelsewhere.Whiletherulingsaidadmissionsofficialsmayconsiderraceintheselectionprocess,collegesanduniversitiesarenotobligatedtodoso.“Ultimatelyinthedebate,diversityisachoice,notalegalmandate,’’saysArthurColeman,aformerDepartmentofEducationofficialwhonowhelpscollegesanduniversitiesensureconstitutionalpolicies.

Thepublic,too,remainsconflicted,largelyalongraciallines.AccordingtoaJanuarypollbythenon-profitresearchorganizationPublicAgenda,79%ofAmericanssaiditisimportantforcollegestohavearaciallydiversestudentbody,whilejust54%saidaffirmativeactionprogramsshouldcontinue.InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.AndsomeeducatorsdoubtthatwithMonday’sruling,thoseopposingaffirmativeactionwillchangetheirminds.

Fornow,admissionsofficialsanduniversitylawyersareporingovertherulingtodeterminehoworwhethertoadjustpolicies.Whilemosttendtobeclosed-mouthedaboutadmissionspolicies,maysaytheydon’texpectsignificantchanges.

1.Whatthecriticssaidinthefirstparagraphamountstotheideathat（

）

2.ConnerlyinsiststhattheCourt'srulingshould（

）.

3.WhatistheattitudeoftheDepartmentofEducationtowardsaffirmativeaction?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutaffirmativeactionaccordingtothetext?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatoneofthemajorobjectivesofaffirmativeactionisto（

）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.noadmissionpoliciesbasedonraceshouldbeimplemented.

B.minorityapplicantsbasedonraceshouldbeimplemented.

C.differentstandardsforadmittingminoritystudentsshouldbesetup.

D.selectivecollegesanduniversitiesshouldbepunishedfortheirdiscriminatorypolicies.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.winapprovalfromCalifornianvotersbeforeitisputineffect.

B.becontestedbytheMichiganvoterswithanopinionpoll.

C.beappliedinsomestatesbeforeitisextendedtootherstates.

D.producetheintendedpracticaleffectbeforeitiswidelyaccepted.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Neutrality

B.Objection

C.Approval

D.Indifference

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Avastmajorityofpeoplesupportit.

B.Theminoritiesclaimittobeadiscriminatorypolicy.

C.Theminoritystudentsaremorelikelytowelcomeit.

D.TheCourt’sdecisionwillcertainlychangepeople’sattitudetoit.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ensurerace-neutralprogramsaresetupincollegesanduniversities.

B.adapttheSupremeCourt’sruling