書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽電氣工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theapparentpurposeofallowingthegovernmenttoinvestthetrustfundistotakeadvantageofthehigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarkets.Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive.HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient.

A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments.Itshowedthatgovernmentsgenerallypursuedoneoftwopoliciesfortheirinvestments,bothfundamentallyflawed.

Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks.Therearetworeasonsforthispolicy.First,thereisacautionarysearchforsafeinvestmentsbecausegovernmentsfearthepoliticalreactionifamoreaggressiveinvestmentpolicyweretoleadtoadverseresults.Second,buyingupgovernmentdebtallowthegovernmenttodefertheconsequencesofitsownoverspending.Indeed,thereisevidencethatthepowertoshiftgovernmentdebtintopensionfundsactuallymayinducethemtospendandborrowmore.Borrowingfromthepensionfundislesstransparentthandoingsofromtheopencapitalmarket.Inmanycases,suchborrowingisnotevenreportedaspublicdebt,andtheinterestratemaybelower.

ThisalreadyisoccurringwiththeSocialSecuritytrustfund.ThecurrentsurplusisusedtopurchaseFederalTreasuryobligationsthatarecreditedtotheSocialSecuritytrustfund.Thegovernmentthenutilizesthemoneyithasborrowedfromthetrustfundtomeetcurrentoperatingexpenses.

Theotherinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsistoinvestingovernment-supportedprojects,suchasstate-ownedenterprisesorpublichousing.Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn.Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney.Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,governmentinvestmentoftheSocialSecuritytrustfund（）.

2.A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestments（）.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat（）.

4.Whattonedidtheauthoradoptinthispassage?

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willresultinhigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarkets

B.canhaveanegativeeffectontheefficiencyofthemarkets

C.willgiveanimpetustoeconomicdevelopment

D.canpromoteproductivityofcapital

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mettheexpectationofthehigherannualreturns

B.excludedthepossibilityofamoreaggressiveinvestment

C.failedtomeetwiththegovernment’santicipation

D.failedtoreflectthetruestateofeconomy

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.investmentsingovernment-supportedprojectsoftenearnhighannualreturns

B.greatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomycouldimpedeeconomicgrowth

C.businessinvestmentsinpublichousingfrequentlylosemoney

D.theinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsisfundamentallyprofitable

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Satire

B.Exposure

C.Attack

D.Criticism

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Governmentpoliciesfuelthegovernmentinvestmentintheeconomyandkeepitontherighttrack

B.Governmentinvolvementintheeconomywillultimatelysloweconomicgrowth.

C.Governmentinvestmentingovernment-supportedprojectsisafallacy

D.Governmentmightearnhigherreturnsifitinvestsinstocks

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient(美國資本市場的高回報(bào)源于資本的高生產(chǎn)率和市場的效率。社會(huì)保障信托基金對(duì)私人資本市場的投資將損害美國經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)的這兩個(gè)來源；資本的生產(chǎn)效率將降低，市場的效率也將降低)。因此，B項(xiàng)“對(duì)市場效率可能產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments(1994年，世界銀行在全球范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與私人管理的養(yǎng)老基金投資相比，它們的年回報(bào)率普遍較低)。因此C項(xiàng)“沒有達(dá)到政府的預(yù)期目標(biāo)”正確。

第3題:判斷推理題。最后一段最后一句指出:Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself(此外，政府投資導(dǎo)致政府更多地干預(yù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，進(jìn)而可能導(dǎo)致政策放緩經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，降低包括政府本身在內(nèi)的所有投資者的資本回報(bào)率)。由此可知B項(xiàng)“政府對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的更多參與可能會(huì)阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)增長”正確。

第4題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章開頭指出允許政府進(jìn)行信貸投資的目的是利用私人資本市場的高額投資回報(bào)。然而有力的證據(jù)表明：政府的投資政策實(shí)質(zhì)上可能減少它原本預(yù)期獲得的投資回報(bào)。并且在結(jié)尾部分進(jìn)一步指出了政府投資導(dǎo)致政府更多地干預(yù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，進(jìn)而可能導(dǎo)致政策放緩經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，降低包括政府本身在內(nèi)的所有投資者的資本回報(bào)率。可以看出文章作者的語氣是在批評(píng)政府所采取的社會(huì)保障基金投資政策。故選D項(xiàng)。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:政府政策推動(dòng)了政府投資，并讓經(jīng)濟(jì)走上正軌。B:政府在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的投資最終減慢經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。C:政府支持項(xiàng)目的投資是錯(cuò)誤的。D:如果政府投資股市，或許收益更大。第一段第二句指出:Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive(然而有力的證據(jù)表明：政府的投資政策實(shí)質(zhì)上可能減少它原本預(yù)期獲得的投資回報(bào))。由此可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。最后一句指出:governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowth…(政府投資導(dǎo)致政府更多地干預(yù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，這有可能反過來導(dǎo)致相應(yīng)政策的制定，這種政策進(jìn)而會(huì)減慢經(jīng)濟(jì)增長)。因此B項(xiàng)正確。第三段第一句指出:Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks(其中之一是對(duì)政府債券大力投資，其回報(bào)遠(yuǎn)低于對(duì)股市之類的投資)。因此D項(xiàng)正確。最后一段指出:Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn(這種投資的結(jié)果還是回報(bào)率很低)，以及:Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney(事實(shí)上，這種投資經(jīng)常賠錢)。因此C項(xiàng)符合原文所述。故此題選A。

2.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

感激是對(duì)于每一件善舉，無論其大小，表示優(yōu)雅地接受并欣賞的藝術(shù)。我們中

的大多數(shù)人受到款待，接收禮物和獲得明顯的好處的時(shí)候都不會(huì)忘記表達(dá)自己的愉悅之情。但即使在此情景下我們都需注意并能夠以完善的方式表達(dá)之，使其盡可能地顯得個(gè)性化和體現(xiàn)自己的誠意。感激的藝術(shù)首先應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)在對(duì)待小事情上充分體現(xiàn)出來：公共汽車售票員、醫(yī)院的護(hù)士、飯店的女招待還有校園的保潔員—所有這些人都在以不同

的方式為我們服務(wù)。通過表示感謝我們可以使日常平淡的關(guān)系顯得更有人情味，讓一些單調(diào)的任務(wù)變得令人愉快。我們所給予的感激永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)過多，因?yàn)槲覀兩磉叺娜硕紩?huì)以我們的微笑構(gòu)成他們的人生追求和工作的動(dòng)力。

【答案】Gratitudeistheartofgraciouslyacceptingandappreciatingeveryactofkindness,nomatterhowsmall.Mostofusdonotfailtoshowourpleasurewhenwereceivehospitality,giftsandobviousbenefits,buteveninthiscase,wehavetomindandbecompetenttoperfectourmannerofshowinggratitudebymakingitaspersonalandsincereaspossible.Itis,aboveall,inthelittlethingsthatthegraceofgratitudeshouldbemostemployed.Thebusconductor,thenurseinthehospital,thewaitressatarestaurant,thecleanerinthecampus—allobligeusinonewayoranother.Byshowingourgratitudewemakeroutinerelationshipshumanandrendermonotonoustasksmoreagreeable.Gratitudeissomethingofwhichnoneofuscangivetoomuch.Forpeoplearoundusbuilduptheirpursuitoflifeandmotivationofworkonthesmileswegive.

3.單選題

Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beputoff

B.wasputoff

C.shouldputoff

D.istoputoff

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我們都贊成你關(guān)于推遲討論的提議。

語法題。考查should的用法。名詞proposal(提議，建議)引導(dǎo)的同位語從句應(yīng)該用should(可省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。而且，discussion與putoff之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此A項(xiàng)符合正確表達(dá)。

4.單選題

Thelocalresidentswereunhappyaboutthecurfewinthisregionanddecidedto（）it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disgrace

B.disguise

C.defy

D.distress

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。disgrace玷污；disguise假裝，偽裝；defy不服從，公然反抗；distress使悲痛，使窮困；句意:當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駥?duì)該地區(qū)的宵禁不滿意,決定（）。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.單選題

Mrs.Deborahcouldnothelpexclaimingagainstthe（）ofhermaster,andespeciallyagainsthissufferinghertoconcealthefatherofthechild.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bias

B.clemency

C.mildness

D.justice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:Deborah夫人忍不住指責(zé)丈夫的寬容，特別是允許她對(duì)孩子父親隱瞞的做法。

考查名詞辨析。bias偏見，偏愛；clemency仁慈，溫和，寬容，寬厚；mildness溫和,溫暖;justice司法，法律制裁，正義，法官。根據(jù)后半句句意可知B符合句意。

6.填空題

Personsinresponsiblepositionsmaybeabductedorassassinatedonthegroundsthattheyare“representatives”ofsomeinstitutionorsystemwhichtheirassailantsareopposed.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Dwhich改為towhich

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】定語從句。

【解題思路】D部分到句尾是修飾someinstitutionorsystem的定語從句，beopposedto為固定搭配，意思為“反對(duì)……”，介詞to置于引導(dǎo)詞which前。

【句意】負(fù)責(zé)人可能被綁架或暗殺，其原因是他們是攻擊者所反對(duì)的某些機(jī)構(gòu)或制度的“代表”。

7.單選題

TheradicaltransformationofSovietsocietyhadaprofoundimpactonwomen’slives.Marxistshadtraditionallybelievedthatbothcapitalismandthemiddleclasshusbandexploitedwomen.TheRussianRevolutionof1917immediatelyproclaimedcompleteequalityofrightsforwomen.Inthe1920sdivorceandabortionweremadeeasilyavailable,andwomenwereurgedtoworkoutsidethehomeandliberatethemselvessexually.AfterStalincametopower,sexualandfamilialliberationwasplayeddown,andthemostlastingchangesforwomeninvolvedworkandeducation.

Thesechangesweretrulyrevolutionary.Youngwomenwereconstantlytoldthattheyhadtobeequaltomen,thattheycouldandshoulddoeverythingmencoulddo.PeasantwomeninRussiahadlongexperiencedtheequalityofbackbreakingphysicallaborinthecountryside,andtheycontinuedtoenjoythatequalityoncollectivefarms.Withtheadventofthefive-year-plans,millionsofwomenalsobegantotoilinfactoriesandinheavyconstruction,buildingdams,roadsandsteelmillsinsummerheatandwinterfrost.Mostoftheopportunitiesopentomenthrougheducationwerealsoopentowomen.Determinedwomenpursuedtheirstudiesandenteredtheranksofthebetter-paidspecialistsinindustryandscience.Medicinepracticallybecameawoman’sprofession.By1950,75percentofdoctorsontheSovietUnionwerewomen.

ThusStalinistsocietygavewomengreatopportunitiesbutdemandedgreatsacrificesaswell.Thevastmajorityofwomensimplyhadtoworkoutsidethehome.Wagesweresolowthatitwasalmostimpossibleforafamilyorcoupletoliveonlyonthehusband’searning.Moreover,thefull-timeworkingwomanhadaheavyburdenofhouseholdtasksinheroffhours,formostSovietmeninthe1930sstillconsideredthehomeandthechildrenthewoman’sresponsibility.Mencontinuedtomonopolizethebestjobs.Finally,rapidchangeandeconomichardshipledtomanybrokenfamilies,creatingfurtherphysical,emotional,andmentalstrainsforwomen.Inanyevent,theoften-neglectedhumanresourceofwomenwasruthlesslymobilizedinStalinistsociety.This,too,wasanaspectoftheSoviettotalitarianstate.

1.ThemainideaofthispassageisthatwomeninStalinistsociety（）.

2.Inthispassage,tomonopolizemeansto（）.

3.Inthispassage,mobilizedmeans（）.

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto（）.

5.Theoverallorganizationalpatternofthispassageis（）.

6.Howaretheideaswithinthefollowingsentencerelated?“Moreover,thefull-timeworkingwomanhadaheavyburdenofhouseholdtasksheroffhours,formostSovietmeninthe1930sstillconsideredthehomeandthechildrenthewoman’sresponsibility.”

7.Theauthor’stoneinthispassagecanbestbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadeconomicopportunitiesthathadneverbeenavailablebefore

B.haddifficultybalancingtheirworkandfamilyresponsibilities

C.hadnewopportunitiesbutalsomanyhardships.

D.movedquicklyintothehighestlevelsofgovernment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hold

B.earn

C.leave

D.pay

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.punished

B.paid

C.fought

D.used

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.comparedifferentsystemsofgovernment

B.tellaninterestingstory

C.amusethereader

D.provideinformation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.definition

B.example/illustration

C.chronologicalorder

D.comparison/contrast

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.cause/effect

B.division/classification

C.summary

D.sequence/process

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.disapproving

B.emotional

C.objective

D.sympathetic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文第三段第一句為本文主旨句?！癟husStalinistsocietygavewomengreatopportunitiesbutdemandedgreatsacrificesaswell.”斯大林主義社會(huì)給了女性巨大的機(jī)會(huì)，但也要求她們做出巨大的犧牲。選項(xiàng)C符合原文主旨。

2.詞匯題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“monopolize”定位到第三段倒數(shù)第三句“Mencontinuedtomonopolizethebestjobs.”原文指男性繼續(xù)壟斷著最好的工作。選項(xiàng)A“擁有”最能替代原文中的“monopolize”，所以正確。

3.詞匯題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“monopolize”定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Inanyevent,theoften-neglectedhumanresourceofwomenwasruthlesslymobilizedinStalinistsociety.”無論如何，經(jīng)常被忽視的女性人力資源在斯大林社會(huì)被無情地使用。能與“humanresource”搭配使用且符合原文意思的只有選項(xiàng)D。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文可知，本文并沒有比較不同的政府體制，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；本文也不是在講述有趣的故事和娛樂讀者，所以選項(xiàng)B和C均錯(cuò)誤；只有選項(xiàng)D提供信息正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文可知，文中出現(xiàn)了很多時(shí)間的關(guān)鍵詞，并詳細(xì)講述了當(dāng)時(shí)的情況，所以本文主要是按照時(shí)間順序來寫的。選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.推理判斷題。句意：此外，全職工作的婦女在業(yè)余時(shí)間有沉重的家務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)，因?yàn)樵?0世紀(jì)30年代，大多數(shù)蘇聯(lián)男人仍然認(rèn)為家庭和孩子是婦女的責(zé)任。這句話前后構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“for”也可知選項(xiàng)A正確。cause/effect“因果關(guān)系”；division/classification“分類”，summary“總結(jié)”，sequence/process“過程”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

7.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，作者是在陳述事實(shí)，并未帶有個(gè)人主義色彩的詞出現(xiàn)，所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀公正的，選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

Asmyexamsarecomingnextweek,I’lltakeadvantageoftheweekendto（

）onsomereading.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.catchup

B.clearup

C.makeup

D.pickup

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。句意:下周就要考試了，我要利用周末時(shí)間好好看看書。

catchupon彌補(bǔ)不足、吸收，精通;clearup收拾，整理;makeup偽造，化妝;pickup提高（速度），加快（節(jié)奏）。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Heseemedtoooldforher,（

）likeafather（

）ahusband.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.more...than

B.notso...as

C.most...than

D.rather...than

【答案】A

【解析】句意:對(duì)她來說，他似乎有點(diǎn)太老了，相比丈夫，他更像她的父親。

考查固定搭配。由前半句句意“他似乎有點(diǎn)太老了”推測后面句意為:相比丈夫，他更像她的父親。more...than...相比…，更是…。故選A。

10.單選題

TheEuropeanCommissionissueda____decisiononOct.29permittinganalliancebetweenUnitedAirlines,DeutscheLufthansaandScandinavianAirlinesSystemthatallowsthemtocoordinateprices,schedulesandroutesinthetransatlanticmarket.Itturnedouttobewellreceived.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.automatic

B.landmark

C.obsolete

D.outgrown

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“automatic”意為“自動(dòng)的；無意識(shí)的；必然的”；B選項(xiàng)“l(fā)andmark”意為“有重大意義或影響的”；C選項(xiàng)“obsolete”意為“廢棄的；老式的”；D選項(xiàng)“outgrown”意為“過大的”。句意：10月29日，歐盟委員會(huì)發(fā)布了一項(xiàng)具有里程碑意義的決定，允許美國聯(lián)合航空公司、德國漢莎航空公司和斯堪的納維亞航空公司建立聯(lián)盟，在跨大西洋市場協(xié)調(diào)價(jià)格、航班和航線。結(jié)果很受歡迎。由題干可知，decision（決定）后的內(nèi)容是允許三家不同國家的航空公司建立聯(lián)盟，并且反響很好，所以可以推測出這個(gè)決定具有重大意義和影響。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Physicalexercisehasthecapacitytobeusedtoattempttocontrolemotionalfeelings,to（

）thecaloriesconsumedinfoodandtocontrolbodysize.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makeup

B.passon

C.workoff

D.markdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。makeup“構(gòu)成，編造”；passon“傳遞”；workoff“發(fā)泄，排除”；markdown“降低價(jià)格，記下”。句意為：體育運(yùn)動(dòng)有以下作用：可以用于控制情緒，排除從食物中所吸收的卡路里，并且控制體重。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

It’snogood（

）remembergrammaticalrules.Youneedtopracticewhatyouhavelearned.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tryingto

B.tryto

C.totryto

D.triedto

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。It’snogooddoingsth.做...是沒用的。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.單選題

Moneywages,interestratesandtaxpaymentshaveallbeenadjustedto______the10percentriseintheaveragelevelofprices.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.minglewith

B.pickup

C.tuckin

D.allowfor

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)minglewith“和……混合”，B項(xiàng)pickup“撿起，獲得，收拾”，C項(xiàng)tuckin“緊縮，塞入，盡情地吃”，D項(xiàng)allowfor“考慮到，慮及”。由Moneywages,interestratesandtaxpaymentshaveallbeenadjusted“貨幣工資、利率和稅收都進(jìn)行了調(diào)整”和the10percentriseintheaveragelevelofprices“平均價(jià)格水平10%的增長”可知，“獲得”符合語境。句意：貨幣工資、利率和稅收都進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，以加快平均價(jià)格水平10%的增長。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Technologyisatwo-edgedsword.Rarelyisthisasclearasitisintherealmofhealthcare.Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.Forsomeoneinneedoftreatment,that’sgoodnews.Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy,thetidingscanbeallbad.

LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.Thenwouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilandcriminalpenalties.Theplanwas,saidClinton,“anunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.”

Whiletheadministrationbilledtherulesasanattempttostrikeabalancebetweentheneedsofconsumersandthoseofthehealth-careindustry,neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy.Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,pointingtoaprovisionallowingmanaged-careplanstousepersonalinformationwithoutconsentifthepurposewas“health-careoperations.”That,physicianssaid,wasaloopholethroughwhichHMOsandotherinsurerscouldpryintothedoctor-patientrelationship,inthenameofassessingthequalityofcare.Meanwhile,theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreachesby“businesspartners’’suchaslawyersandaccountants.Bothgroupsagreedthatprivacyprotectionswoulddriveupthecostofhealthcarebyatleastanadditional$3.8billion,andmaybemuchmore,overthenextfiveyears.Theyalsocomplainedabouttheincreasedleveloffederalscrutinyrequiredbythenewrules’enforcementprovisions.

Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.Todayvariouscancersandsexuallytransmitteddiseasescangountreatedbecausepatientsareafraidofembarrassmentoroflosinginsurancecoverage.Thefearisreal:ClintonaidesnotedthataJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesfoundthatoneinsixU.S.adultshadatsometimedonesomethingunusualtoconcealmedicalinformation,suchaspayingcashforservices.

51.Theauthorbeginshisarticlewith“technologyisatwo-edgedsword”to____.

52.AccordingtotheproposalmadebyPresidentClinton,patientswillbeabletodothefollowingEXCEPT____.

53.Doctorstendtothinkthattherules____.

54.TheexampleoftheJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesisusedtoshowthat____.

55.Fromthearticlewecanlearnthat____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.showthatdoctor’simproperuseoftechnologycanendupinbadresults

B.callonpeople’sattentiontothepotentialdangertechnologycanbringtous

C.warnoftheharmpatientsarepronetosuffer

D.showtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftechnology

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.beopenwiththeirdoctors

B.decidehowtousetheirmedicalinformation

C.enjoymorerightstotheirmedicalrecords

D.suetheirinsurersforimproperuseoftheirmedicalrecords

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mayruindoctor-patientrelationship

B.candomoreharmthangood

C.willpreventdoctorsfromdoingmedicalresearch

D.willendupinmorehealthcarecostandpoorermedicalservice

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargeportionofpatientswouldratherleavetheirdiseasesuntreated

B.concealingmedicalinformationiswidespreadintheU.S.

C.Americanpatients’concealmentoftheirmedicalinformationhasbecomeabigconcern

D.payingcashformedicalserviceisacommonpracticeamongAmericanpatients

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Americangovernmentwilltightenitscontrolovertheuseofpatients’personalinformation

B.thenewrulesputinsurersinaverydisadvantageousposition

C.doctorsandinsurersarebothagainsttherulesforthesamereasons

D.patientsareentitledtohavecompletecontroloftheirmedicalinformation

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】51.目的意圖題。題干“作者的文章以‘科技是一把雙刃劍’開始是為了____”，由此可知，本題問的是作者第1段寫“科技是一把雙刃劍”的目的。后文著重寫技術(shù)帶來的隱患——醫(yī)療信息泄露的問題，第2段第1句LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.（上周，克林頓總統(tǒng)向國會(huì)提出了《病人權(quán)利法案》的一個(gè)必然結(jié)果：醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)。）由此可知，作者寫第1段是為了引出下文關(guān)于醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)的問題，即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)可能帶來的潛在問題，B選項(xiàng)“呼吁人們注意技術(shù)可能給我們帶來的潛在危險(xiǎn)”，表述符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“證明醫(yī)生對(duì)技術(shù)的不當(dāng)使用會(huì)導(dǎo)致不良結(jié)果”，可定位到第1段第2句Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.（技術(shù)允許醫(yī)生檢測他們的病人的基因缺陷，然后通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將結(jié)果傳遍全世界。）由此可知，科技這把雙刃劍在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域主要涉及醫(yī)療信息的便捷傳播帶來的影響，這并不是醫(yī)生對(duì)技術(shù)的不當(dāng)使用，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；C選項(xiàng)“提醒病人可能遭受的傷害”，表述不正確，作者側(cè)重將醫(yī)療隱私泄漏的問題，與harm“（故意）傷害”還是有點(diǎn)區(qū)別，排除；D選項(xiàng)“展示技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)”，本文作者側(cè)重講技術(shù)的不良影響，該選項(xiàng)關(guān)于表述不夠準(zhǔn)確，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

52.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)克林頓總統(tǒng)的提議，患者還可以進(jìn)行以下操作，除了____”，可定位到第2段。B選項(xiàng)“決定如何使用他們的醫(yī)療信息”，可定位到第2段第2句Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.（從2002年開始，根據(jù)2月即將生效的法規(guī)，病人將有權(quán)規(guī)定透露其個(gè)人醫(yī)療資料的條件。）由此可知，患者可以規(guī)定其信息的使用條件即如何使用他們的信息，選項(xiàng)表述符合原文，排除；C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己的醫(yī)療記錄享有更多權(quán)利”，可定位到第2段第3、4句Thenwouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.（然后就可以檢查他們的記錄并做出更正。他們就能知道還有誰看過這些信息。）由此可知，患者有了檢查并更正自己記錄的權(quán)利，還能知道誰看過這些信息，選項(xiàng)表述符合原文，排除；D選項(xiàng)“起訴他們的保險(xiǎn)公司濫用他們的醫(yī)療記錄”，可定位到原文第2段第5句Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilacriminalpenalties.（護(hù)理人員或保險(xiǎn)公司對(duì)記錄的不當(dāng)使用可能導(dǎo)致民事或刑事處罰。）由此可知，患者有權(quán)起訴他們的保險(xiǎn)公司濫用他們的醫(yī)療記錄，選項(xiàng)表述與原文一致，排除。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)他們的醫(yī)生開誠布公”，可定位到最后一段第1句Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.（新規(guī)定的目的是為了讓病人對(duì)自己的隱私放心，從而鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)醫(yī)生開誠布公。）由此可知，鼓勵(lì)患者對(duì)醫(yī)生開誠布公是目的，而不是克林頓的題議，選項(xiàng)表述符合題意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

53.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“醫(yī)生傾向于認(rèn)為（克林頓的）規(guī)定____”，可定位到第3段第2、3句Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,…That,physicianssaid,wasaloopholethroughwhichHMOsandotherinsurerscouldpryintothedoctor-patientrelationship,…（醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為，這些規(guī)定實(shí)際上可能會(huì)侵犯隱私，……醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為，這是一個(gè)漏洞，醫(yī)療保健機(jī)構(gòu)(HMO)和其他保險(xiǎn)公司窺探醫(yī)患關(guān)系……）由此可知，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為規(guī)定的弊端更明顯，B選項(xiàng)“弊大于利”表述符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)破壞醫(yī)患關(guān)系”表述錯(cuò)誤，不是會(huì)破壞醫(yī)患關(guān)系，而是保險(xiǎn)公司可能會(huì)窺探醫(yī)患關(guān)系，排除；C選項(xiàng)“會(huì)阻止醫(yī)生進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)研究”、D選項(xiàng)“最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用和更差的醫(yī)療服務(wù)”原文并未提及，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

54.目的意圖題。題干“關(guān)于普林斯頓調(diào)查委員會(huì)1月份民調(diào)的例子是用來表明____”，可定位到最后一段。最后一段，第1句內(nèi)容：這些規(guī)定的目的之一是讓病人對(duì)自己的隱私放心，從而鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)醫(yī)生開誠布公；第2句內(nèi)容：各種癌癥和性傳播疾病都可能得不到治療，因?yàn)榛颊吆ε聦擂位蚴ケｋU(xiǎn)。最后一句即這個(gè)例子：Thefearisreal:ClintonaidesnotedthataJanuarypoll…,suchapayingcashforservices.（這種擔(dān)憂是真實(shí)存在的：克林頓的助手指出，普林斯頓調(diào)查研究協(xié)會(huì)今年1月進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，六分之一的美國成年人曾做過一些不同尋常的事情來隱瞞醫(yī)療信息，比如用現(xiàn)金購買醫(yī)療服務(wù)。）由此可知，患者因?yàn)楹ε聦擂位蚴ケｋU(xiǎn)，而隱瞞病情，導(dǎo)致有些特殊疾病得不到治療（這是一個(gè)問題），而民調(diào)的這個(gè)例子說明，美國人中這種害怕真實(shí)存在，即有很多美國人這么做，C選項(xiàng)“在美國，病人對(duì)醫(yī)療信息的隱瞞已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大問題”，表述符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“很多病人寧愿不治療他們的疾病”，表述錯(cuò)誤，患者們不是寧愿不治療，而是害怕尷尬或失去保險(xiǎn)，排除；干擾選項(xiàng)B“隱瞞醫(yī)療信息在美國很普遍”，表述不完整，不僅僅是隱瞞醫(yī)療信息很普遍，更重要的是隱瞞這些信息導(dǎo)致各種癌癥和性傳播疾病可能得不到治療，排除；D選項(xiàng)“在美國病人中，用現(xiàn)金支付醫(yī)療服務(wù)是一種常見的做法”，這只是民調(diào)中的一個(gè)例子，不是作者寫這個(gè)民調(diào)的目的，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

55.判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“美國政府將加強(qiáng)對(duì)患者個(gè)人信息使用的控制”，可定位到第2段第1句LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.（上周，克林頓總統(tǒng)向國會(huì)提出了《病人權(quán)利法案》的一個(gè)必然結(jié)果：醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)。）由此可知，美國政府計(jì)劃通過新的法案加強(qiáng)對(duì)醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)的規(guī)定，根據(jù)法案內(nèi)容可知，規(guī)定都是關(guān)于醫(yī)療信息使用的。選項(xiàng)表述符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“新規(guī)定使保險(xiǎn)公司處于非常不利的地位”，可定位到原文第3段第4句theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.（保險(xiǎn)公司抗議說，這些規(guī)定將使他們?nèi)菀资艿皆V訟。）第5句Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreachesby“businesspartners’’suchaslawyersandaccountants.（他們尤其感到不安的是，有一項(xiàng)條款要求他們對(duì)律師和會(huì)計(jì)師等“商業(yè)伙伴”的隱私侵犯負(fù)責(zé)。）由此可知，新規(guī)定對(duì)保險(xiǎn)公司的行為增加了限制，但這是為了規(guī)范他們的行為，保護(hù)隱私權(quán)，不能證明保險(xiǎn)公司處于不利地位，除非這家保險(xiǎn)公司想做一些違反規(guī)定的事情。選項(xiàng)表述不符合原文，排除；C選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和保險(xiǎn)公司都因?yàn)橥瑯拥脑蚨`反規(guī)定”，可定位到原文第3段。根據(jù)這段內(nèi)容可知，醫(yī)生和保險(xiǎn)公司因?yàn)橐恍┎煌脑蚨紝?duì)規(guī)定不滿，并且都認(rèn)為該規(guī)定會(huì)增加醫(yī)療保健成本，都抱怨增加政府的審查。由此可知，沒有依據(jù)表明他們因?yàn)橄嗤脑蚨`反規(guī)定，選項(xiàng)表述不符合原文，排除；D選項(xiàng)“患者有權(quán)完全控制自己的醫(yī)療信息”，可定位到第2段最后一句Theplaywas,saidClinton,“anunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.”（克林頓說，這是“讓美國人重新掌握自己的醫(yī)療記錄的前所未有的一步”。）由此可知，這只是美國人重新掌握自己的醫(yī)療記錄的一大步，還不能完全控制，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

15.單選題

Alreadyintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,therehadbeenapowerfulalignmentbetweenruralculturalethicsandchurchteaching.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alliance

B.agreement

C.conflict

D.contradiction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)alliance“聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合；聯(lián)姻”；B選項(xiàng)agreement“協(xié)議；同意，一致”；C選項(xiàng)conflict“沖突，矛盾；斗爭；爭執(zhí)”；D選項(xiàng)contradiction“矛盾；否認(rèn)；反駁”。句意：早在18和19世紀(jì)，鄉(xiāng)村文化倫理和教會(huì)教義之間就已經(jīng)有了強(qiáng)有力的結(jié)合。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞alignment“結(jié)盟”，得知A為正確答案。

16.單選題

11.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Acold.

B.Aheadache.

C.Ahoarsevoice.

D.Insomnia.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Haveyougotacold?

M:Nope,I’mhoarsebecauseIhavn’tgotenoughsleeplatelyandhavebeensingingalotKTV.

Q:Whatistheman’sproblem?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說：I’mhoarsebecauseIhavn’tgotenoughsleeplatelyandhavebeensingingalotKTV(我嗓子嘶啞，因?yàn)榻谒卟缓?，并且唱多了卡拉OK)。

17.填空題

（46）Somepeopleseemtobebetterinlearninglanguages.（47）Theycanpicknewvocabulary,masterrulesorgrammars,andlearntowriteinthenewlanguagequickerthanothers.（48）Theydonotseemtobeanymorebrighterthanothers,（49）sowhatmakeslanguagesucheasierforthem?Perhapsifwetakeacloselookatthesesuccessfullanguagelearnerswemaydiscoverafewofthetechniqueswhichmakelanguagelearningeasierforthem.

Firstofall,successfullearnersareindependent.They（50）donotdependonthebookandtheteacher;theydiscovertheirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Insteadofwaitingfortheteachertoexplain,theytrytounderstandthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves.Theyaregoodguessers（51）findingclueshardandformtheirownconclusions.When（52）theyguesswrong,theyguessotherstime.Theytrytolearnfromtheirmistakes.

Successfullanguagelearningisactive.Therefore,successfullearnerslookforchancestousethelanguage（53）actively.Theyfindpeoplespeakthelanguageandaskthemtocorrectthemwhentheymakeamistake.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearorsaystrange（54）things.Theycanalsoreceiveinformationthatisinexact（55）orincompleteifacommunicationisdifficult.

46.______________

47.______________

48.______________

49.______________

50.______________

51.______________

52.______________

53.______________

54.______________

55.______________

【答案】46.in改為at

47.grammars改為grammar

48.去掉more

49.such改成so

50.and改成or

51.form改為forming

52.others改為another

53.people和speak間加上who

54.receive改為accept

55.if改成when

【解析】46.考查固定搭配。表示擅長的短語搭配為begoodat，句中說的是有些人會(huì)更擅長。因此需要使用good的比較級(jí)形式better。句意：有些人似乎更擅長學(xué)習(xí)語言。

47.考查詞匯的單復(fù)數(shù)含義。grammar為不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示“語法，文法”，而其復(fù)數(shù)形式grammars表示“語言知識(shí)及應(yīng)用能力”。句意：他們可以學(xué)習(xí)新的詞匯，掌握規(guī)則或語法。句中指的是語法，為不可數(shù)名詞，不能使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

48.考查比較級(jí)的用法。bright是單音節(jié)形容詞。它的比較級(jí)為brighter，more是用來修飾三個(gè)音節(jié)及以上的形容詞的比較級(jí)的，故應(yīng)刪掉。句意：他們似乎并不比其他人更聰明。

49.考查such與so的辨析。such是形容詞，用來修飾名詞；so是副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。后面的easier是形容詞，故應(yīng)使用so來修飾。句意：那么是什么讓語言對(duì)他們來說如此容易呢？

50.考查連接詞的使用。and和or都能夠表示并列，and用在肯定句和陳述句中，or用在否定句和疑問句中。在句中前面有表否定的not，故連接的使用應(yīng)該用or。句意：他們不依賴書本老師；他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己學(xué)習(xí)語言的方法。

51.考查并列句中的謂語一致。and前面使用的是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾guessers，后面句中的謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該與之保持一致。故應(yīng)將form改為forming。句意：他們是很好的猜測者，能找到困難的線索并形成自己的