專題一簡單句的基本句型第一部分中考英語語法專題Simplesentence簡單句

由一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語

（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成的句子.Maryhatesschool.句子成分：組成句子的各個部分叫句子成分：主語:是一個句子的主干部分之一,主語表明

是“什么人”，“什么事”.通常由名

詞,代詞,動詞不定式,動名詞來充當(dāng).1.Lucylikeshernewbike.2.Weworkhard.3.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.4.Playingfootballafterschoolisgreatfun.主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)表3.賓語：動作行為的對象，說明主語做什么。一

般放在及物動詞或介詞后面.由名詞,代

詞,數(shù)詞,動詞不定式,動名詞構(gòu)成.1.WestudyEnglish.2.Isawhimyesterday.3.Hewantedtohaveapen.4.Shelikesplayingbasketball.5.Hegavemetwobooks..

4.表語：

跟在連系動詞后面的成分,用來說明主語的身份,特征,狀態(tài).

Mysisterisanurse.Thetreesturngreen.Theflowerisbeautiful.Toseeistobelieve.5.定語:

用來修飾名詞或代詞的句子成分，由形容詞,形容詞性物主代詞,名詞,不定式,介詞短語不定代詞等充當(dāng).1、Thisisaredcar.2、Thebuildingistheirteachingbuilding.3、Thewomandoctorismywife.4、Ihavesomethingtotellyou.5、ThemaninfrontofthegateisMr.Li.6、EverystudenthasanEnglishbook.7.狀語:

說明動作或狀態(tài)特征，用來修飾動詞,形容詞

副詞或整個句子.副詞,介詞短語,動詞不定式

充當(dāng)。Youarequiteright.Theyoftendrawinthepark.WecamehereinordertolearnEnglish.簡單句基本句型BasicSentencePatterns2.主語+及物動詞+賓語（S+Vt+O）

Ilikemyjobverymuch.Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture?Eachofyouhasadream.注：及物動詞可用于被動語態(tài)Agreatdealofwaterisusedbypeopleinthatcity.Peopleuseagreatdealofwaterinthatcity.（主動語態(tài)）（被動語態(tài)）常用形容詞做賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：find,make,get,keep,like,see,leave（使處于某種狀態(tài)）,cut,paint,drive,beat,prove常用名詞充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：call,name,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel只能用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：catch,keep,mind,prevent,stop,excuse既能用現(xiàn)在分詞又可用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：see,watch,notice,lookat,observe,listento,hear,feel,imagine,discover,4.主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語

(S+Vt+IO+DO)

Whocanfindtheeraserforme?

Passtheerasertome.

bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,sing,save(留)……常跟雙賓語的動詞：Whocanfindmetheeraser?Passmetheeraser.5.主語+系動詞+表語（S+Linking.V+P），說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份。Youarestudents.Weareintheclassroom.Wearegoodfriends,aren’twe?其它系動詞感官：smell,feel,taste,

sound,look---變化：become,get,turn,

go,come,grow，fall---

狀態(tài)：remain,stay,keep,

lie,stand---其他：seem,prove,appear---7.Theyworkhard.8.Theflowerisdead.9.Plantsneedwater.10.Hegivesmesomeseeds.11.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.12.Manyanimalsliveintrees.____S____V________S__V____P_____S____V____O___S____V___IO_________DO___S__________V________O__________C____________S___V1.Thespringiscoming.2.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswa