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《美國(guó)文學(xué)》作業(yè)參考答案1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D11.A12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.C21.B22.C 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.A31.D32.B 33.A 34.B 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.D41.A42.A 43.B 44.B 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.B 49.A50.D51.B52.A 53.B 54.C 55.A56.CDefinetheliterarytermsbrieflyinEnglishAmericantranscendentalismwasaphilosophicaldissentfromUnitarianism.TranscendentalistsrejectedthematerialisticpsychologyinfavoroftheidealismofKantwhoassertedthatintuitioncouldsurpassreasonasaguidetothetruth.Totranscendentalists,spiritisinherentandpervadingandistheonlyrealityintheuniverseinwhichnaturestoodasasymbolofSpirit.Transcendentalismemphasizedthedivinityofman,thesignificanceandrightoftheindividual,andthepossibilityoftheself-perfectionoftheindividual.Romanticismischaracterizedbythepursuitoffreedom,emphasisofindividualism,arelianceuponthegoodofnaturandnatura”man,andanabidingfaithintheboundlesresourcesofthehumanspiritandimagination.ThePuritansweremembersofthechurchofEnglandwhoatfirstwishedtoreformrPurifyitsdoctrines.TheykeptinmonwithalladvocatesofstrictChristianorthodox,insistingonoriginalsinanddepravity.Realismisaliteraryschool.TheAmericanrealistWilliamDeanHowellsreferedtothemethodofrealisticliterarycreationas“nothingmoreandnothinglessthanthetruthfultreatmentofmaterial.Therealiststendedtobehighlyselectiveintheirchoiceofmaterial,focusinguponwhatseemedrealtotheirlargelymiddle-classreaders.EnlightenmentinAmericawasaprogressive“intellectualmovementwhichcontributedtofreeAmericansfromthelimitationofPuritanismwhichhadbeenprevailinginAmericansociety,andstimulatethemtostrivefortheestablishmentoftheirindependentanddemocraticnation.TheenlightenerswereconfidentintheproqressbyeducationandappealedtoReason.AmericantranscendentalismwasapoliticaldissentfromUnitarianism.Transcendentalistsrejectedthematerialisticpsychologyinfavouroftheidealismofkantwhoassertedthatintuitioncouldsurpassreasonasaguidetothetruth.Totranscendentalists,spiritisinherentandistheonlyrealityintheuniverseinwhichnaturestoodasasymbolofSpirit.Transcendentalistsemphasizedthedivinityofman,thesignificanceandrightoftheindividual,andthepossibilityoftheself-perfectionoftheindividual.EnlightenmentinAmericawasaprogressiveintellectualmovementwhichcontributedtofreetheAmericansfromthelimitationsofPurtanismwhichhadbeenprevailinginAmericansociety,andstimulatethemtostrivefortheirindependentanddemocraticnation.Theenlightenerswereconfidentintheproqressofeducationandappealedtoreason.IIIExplainthefollowingquotationsinyourownwords.Thosewhohaveneversucceededbeforewillenjoythesweetnessosuccessmost.Inmylifeandliterarycreation,didnotfollowothers’footsteps(orfootprints)SometimesIchoseadifferentway.ThatwasthereasonwhyIwasuniqueanddifferentfromthembothinlifeandpoeticwriting.LetusriseupandtakeactionTomeetanychallengeinourWeshouldlearntoworkandtobepatientAndpersevereinpursuingourgoalTillwereapthefruitofachievementoneafteranother.HealwaysdressedhimselfproperlyandelegantlyAndheshowedhiskindnessandconsideratenesswhentalkedwithothers.Don’ttellmeinsadvoicethatlifeisnothingbutanmeaninglessandemptydream.Onlywhenyoufeelthirstiestandbitterest,canyoureallyunderstandandenjoytheholydrink.Hestirredthepulsesofthepersonshewasgreetingwith“Goodmorning”.Whilehewaswalking,hismannersappearedtobesobrilliantandattractivethathedrowmuchpublicattention.Wall,asabarrierformunicationormutualunderstanding,isnotgoodatall.Sometimes,itnecessarytoremovethewall.Wall,asaboundaryorlimitationorborder,isneededsometimes,sothatgoodrelationscanbeamongdifferentstrataofpeople,ordifferentcountries.Wallisaparadox,whichisbothgoodandbadinhamanlifeThehoneysuckleqrowssoagreeablyandbeautifully.Howeverthebeautifulflowerhiditsbeautyinthequietandlonelyplace.Wehadbettertakeactioneveryday,notremainidleandinactivesothatwecanmakeprogresseachday.11.Ihavealotofobligationsanddutiestofulfill,sothereisstillalongwayformetogoIcanrelaxorleavethisworld.ⅣAnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglishKeypoints:①thesignificanceofAmericanliteratureintheworldliterature②manifestationofAmericanlifeandculture③therequirementofimprovingEnglishThethemeofthepoemismodernspiritualbarrenness,thedespairanddepressionthatfollowedthefirstworldwar,thesterilityandturbulenceofthemodernworld,andthedeclineandbreakdownofWesternculture.Theanswerdependsonindividualstudent’sinclination.Hisstyleofwritingischaracterizedbyshortandtersesentences,simpledictionfilledemotion,vividcolloquialisms,andparticularlythesimplicityofhislaconicstatements.Keypoints:①itsplaceintheworldliterature②themanifestationofAmericanlifeandculture③therequirementofprofessionalknowledgeandskillsasEnglishmajon.Theanswerisflexible.ItdependsonanindividualStudent’sinclination.TherealthemeinSisterCarrieisthepurposelessnessoflife.Whilelookingatindividualswarm,humansympathy,healsoseesthedisorderandcrueltyoflifeingeneral.ThecentralsubjectofHawthorne’smajorworkswasthehumansoul.Hisexplorationofthesoulresultedfromhisskepticalattitudetowardthesocialrealitythatwascharacterizedbyarapidchangeinalmostallaspectsofsociallife,andfromhisambitiontoprobeintothenatureofman.Theprimarysignificanceofhismajorworksdwellsintheinterectandtheconsistendvitalityofhiscriticismoflife.Theanswerisflexible,dependingonstudents’inclination,logicandlanguageskill