書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-東北師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Manyrenownedscientistsquestionedthevalidityoftheassumption.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.credit

B.weakness

C.correctness

D.uncertainty

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)credit“信用，信譽(yù)”；B選項(xiàng)weakness“弱點(diǎn)；軟弱；嗜好”；C選項(xiàng)correctness“正確性”；D選項(xiàng)uncertainty“猶豫；不確定的事物；不確定度”。句意：許多著名的科學(xué)家對這一假設(shè)的正確性提出了質(zhì)疑。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞questionedthe…oftheassumption（對假設(shè)提出質(zhì)疑），結(jié)合句意，得知C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Hisover-enthusiasticsupportforthefootballteamdrovehiswifecrazyandirritatedhisfriends.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.financial

B.fantastic

C.fanatical

D.fabulous

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。over-enthusiastic表示“過分熱情的”；A項(xiàng)financial“金融的，財(cái)政的”，B項(xiàng)fantastic“極好的”，C項(xiàng)fanatical“狂熱的”，D項(xiàng)fabulous“難以置信的，傳說的”。句意：他對足球隊(duì)的過分熱情的支持使他的妻子發(fā)瘋，也激怒了他的朋友。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Compassionisagreatrespecterofjustice:wepitythosewhosuffer_____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shamelessly

B.unwittingly

C.vicariously

D.undeservedly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。D項(xiàng)“不應(yīng)得地，不當(dāng)?shù)亍薄項(xiàng)“不知羞恥地”，B項(xiàng)“不知情地”，C項(xiàng)“代別人感受地”。結(jié)合句意：同情是對正義的極大尊重，我們同情那些遭受的人，因此只有D項(xiàng)符合。

4.單選題

Thereare（）differencesbetweentheoryandpractice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.legible

B.laden

C.radical

D.medieval

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:理論和實(shí)踐之間有根本的區(qū)別。故選C。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Manyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.Aslongaswearereceivingapaycheck,wetoleratethedissatisfaction.Bettertojustplayitsafe.

Butthesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off.Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.Yetmanyofusstrapourselvesintojobsinwhichtheonlyrewardismoney.

Webreedcynicismwhenwetreatourworkasnothingmorethanafinancialequation,anecessitywetolerateinordertoacquirefundstolive,withthehopeofsomehowachievingsuccessandhappinessalongtheway.That’sreallymostofuswanttobehappy.Wespend80,000hoursofourlivesatwork.Yet,weviewhappinessassomethingtobeachieved“outside”ofwork.WehireourselvesoutonMondaythroughFridayand“l(fā)ive”fortheweekends.

Mostofusdidn’tchooseourcareerstofulfillapurposeormission.Onthecontrary,wejustlookedfor“agoodjobwithagoodcompany,”reflectingsuchcriteriaaspay,titleandsecurity.Wereasonedthatifwecould“getafootinthedoor”andworkhard,ourcareerswouldgrowovertime,actually,thatourcareersandworkliveswouldjusthappen“byaccident.”Becauseofthis,manyofushavecareerstodaythatarejust“accidentswaitingtohappen.”Everydaybusinessdecisions,areorganizationplan,anacquisitionbyanothercomply,arelocationoutofthecountryofthecompany,canthrowourworklivesintodanger.Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can’ttakethatrisk!

“Hangingon”involvesrisktoo.Forwhenwesacrificepleasureforpay,ourworklacksdignity,usesourenergyand,ultimately,breaksourspirit.Anunhappy,unfulfilledworklifecontributestoanunhappy,unfulfilledpersonallife.Happinessinwork,ashappinessinlove,demandsameasureofrisk.

AuthorMarshaSimetarsuggeststhatifyou“dowhatyoulove,themoneywillfollow.”Certainlythismayseemabitrisky,perhapsidealistic,butitisundoubtedlytruethatpeoplewholovewhattheydofindwaystomakethemostmoney.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwelearnthat（）

2.Bysayingthat“thesafetynetwepreserverequiresabigtrade-off”(paragraph2,line1)the（）

3.Welearnfromthetextthat（）

4.Accordingtothetext,whenthechangesthrowourworklivesintodanger,wewillusually（）

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetextisto（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fearisoneofthefundamentaldefectsinhumancharacter.

B.peopletendtokeepstableworktoavoidthefearofchanges.

C.thepaycheckmakespeoplefeelsafeabouttheirwork.

D.peoplefeellessfearfulunderanaturalhumancondition.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peopleneedtodobusinesswhenmanagingworkandlife.

B.mencanfeelsafewhenreceivingmoney,themajorrewardofjob.

C.safetymeanssacrificingthebalancebetweenmonetaryneedsandhappinessofwork.

D.safetycanbeachievedbymeetingbothourdesireandmonetaryneeds.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplestrugglebetweentheidealofworkandmonetaryneeds.

B.peopledonothaveasenseofmissionnowadaysbutfancyaboutmoney.

C.happinessandmoneycanbebothachievedduringworkinmostcases.

D.thedevelopmentofourcareerisdoomedtohappen.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.expressgreatdissatisfactionatthejob.

B.takeanotherworkopportunity.

C.feeluncertainabouttherisk.

D.remainatthepreviousworkposition.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.persuadepeopletochoosecareerstofulfillapurpose.

B.criticizethephenomenonofworkingformoney.

C.elaboratepeople’sattitudestowardswork.

D.illustratehowtoachievesafetyofworklife.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:段落大意題?！癕anyofusarefearfulofmakingchangesinourworklives—fearisanaturalhumancondition.Wefeellessthreatenedwhenwestickwiththefamiliar.”從這句話我們可以得出正確答案為B，說的是人們?yōu)榱颂颖苣切└淖?，?huì)傾向于堅(jiān)持與我們熟悉的事物相處，因此B正確當(dāng)選。

第2題:句意理解題。我們可以定位到原文的第二段第二句，“Itoftendeniesustheopportunitytoexperienceworkthatmakesushappy,thatisconsistentwithourdesireswhilestillmeetingourmonetaryneeds.”意思就是“它經(jīng)常剝奪我們體驗(yàn)?zāi)苁刮覀兛鞓返墓ぷ鞯臋C(jī)會(huì)，這樣的工作既符合我們的欲望，又能滿足我們的金錢需求”，也就是說我們認(rèn)為的安全網(wǎng)就是用快樂來換錢（工作），也就是C項(xiàng)的意思，犧牲金錢和快樂之間的平衡，C當(dāng)選。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題?！爱?dāng)我們把工作僅僅看作是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的平衡時(shí)，我們就會(huì)滋生犬儒主義，這是我們?yōu)榱双@得生活所需而忍受的必要條件”，這一句就暗示了A選項(xiàng)，說的是人們一直掙扎在理想的工作和金錢的需求中，第三段也給出了這一觀點(diǎn)的詳細(xì)闡述，A正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段，倒數(shù)第二句“Butdespitethisuncertainty,someofusstillclingtoourjobs,dissatisfyingastheymaybe.Can’ttakethatrisk!”，意為：但盡管存在這種不確定性，我們中的一些人仍然堅(jiān)持工作，盡管工作可能并不令人滿意。我不能冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)！告訴了我們就算是有這種不確定性，我們也不愿意改變自己的工作，答案為D。

第5題:作者意圖題。題干問作者寫這篇文章的意圖何在，我們需要縱觀全文回答，其實(shí)問的也就是文章的主旨大意，A項(xiàng)不對，文章只是建議人們可以去做自己熱愛的事業(yè)，而不是一定要達(dá)到一個(gè)目標(biāo)；B項(xiàng)也不對，作者是同意人們?yōu)榱隋X而工作的，只是希望人們能有工作又快樂；C項(xiàng)是全文的主要論述對象，全文就是在講人們對于工作的態(tài)度如何，當(dāng)選；D項(xiàng)無關(guān)項(xiàng)。答案為C。

6.單選題

（

）theprecisequalitiesoftheheroinliteraryworksmayvaryovertime,basicexemplaryfunctionoftheheroseemstoremainconstant.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatever

B.Inspiteof

C.Eventhough

D.Regardless

【答案】C

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。分析句子，可知逗號(hào)后面的為主句，逗號(hào)前面的從句主謂完整，缺少一個(gè)連接副詞連接句子，whatever在句中可作主語與賓語，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞mayvary后面不需要接賓語了，因此用Eventhough。inspiteof后面接的是名詞或者動(dòng)名詞，不跟從句；regardless后面不接句子。

句意：盡管文學(xué)作品中主人公的精湛品質(zhì)可能隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化，但英雄的基本模范作用似乎保持不變。

7.單選題

FollowingtheguidelinesforspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder,（

）duringthemeeting.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.andavoidlargedecision-makingorganizations’proceduralcanfusion

B.largedecision-makingorganizationsavoidproceduralconfusion

C.isproceduralconfusionavoidedbylargedecision-makingorganizations

D.areavoidingproceduralconfusioninlargedecision-makingorganizations

【答案】B

【解析】考查主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。題干主語為Followingtheguidelines，其后的forspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder是后置定語。句意：遵循羅伯特的《議事規(guī)則》這本書里的指導(dǎo)方針，大型決策機(jī)構(gòu)可以避免會(huì)議中的程序混亂。C項(xiàng)意思不符，D項(xiàng)主謂不一致，A項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)不對，故答案為B。

8.單選題

Itiswrongto（）anyoneofthecandidatesatthemoment，foroneofthemmightturnouttobeadarkhorseinthegeneralelection.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deny

B.outshine

C.belittle

D.grudge

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deny“否認(rèn)”；outshine“相形見絀”；belittle“輕視，貶低”；grudge“懷恨，吝惜”。句意：現(xiàn)在輕視任何一個(gè)候選人都是不正確的，因?yàn)樗麄冎械娜魏我粋€(gè)都有可能在選舉中成為一匹黑馬。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

____youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifrealized

B.HadIrealized

C.DidIhaverealizedthat

D.AsIrealized

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。虛擬條件句的從句部分含有were,should或had時(shí)，可省略if采用倒裝句型，將should(would或could)提前。因此正確答案為B。

10.單選題

Veryyoungchildrenwithnoreadingexperiencemayastoundtheirparentswiththefirstwordstheyread,suchasadepartmentstoresignannouncingBigSale.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amaze

B.please

C.convey

D.bother

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。astound表示“使驚駭，使震驚”；A項(xiàng)amaze“使吃驚”，B項(xiàng)please“使喜歡，使高興，使?jié)M意”，C項(xiàng)convey“傳達(dá)，運(yùn)輸，讓與”，D項(xiàng)bother“煩擾，打擾，使……不安”。句意：沒有閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)的幼兒第一次讀到的單詞可能會(huì)讓他們的父母感到震驚，比如百貨商店的招牌上寫著“大減價(jià)”。因此，根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Hewantstofollowinhisfather’sfootstepstobeateacherbecauseheregardsteachingasanhonorable（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.calling

B.task

C.employment

D.duty

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他想追隨他父親的腳步成為一名教師,因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為教學(xué)是一項(xiàng)光榮的任務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A和C表示職務(wù),教學(xué)不是職務(wù),所以不正確；選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

12.單選題

The（

）emphasisonexaminationsisbyfartheworstformofcompetitioninschools.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.negligent

B.edible

C.fabulous

D.disproportionate

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。negligent疏忽的；edible可食用的；fabulous極好的；disproportionate不成比例的。句意：過分強(qiáng)調(diào)考試是學(xué)校里最糟糕的競爭形式。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

13.單選題

ThetragedyoftheCHALLENGER（

）anongoingcontroversyonallaspectsofAmerica’sspaceprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aroused

B.rose

C.arose

D.lifted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。arouse意為“激起，引起（反應(yīng)或態(tài)度）”；rise意為“上升，攀升，提高”，其過去式為rose；arise是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)”，其過去式為arose；lift意為“舉起，抬起”。

句意：挑戰(zhàn)者的悲劇在美國太空計(jì)劃的各個(gè)方面引起了持續(xù)不斷的爭議。

14.單選題

Althoughmostbirdshaveonlyanegligiblesenseofsmell,theyhave（）vision.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vigorous

B.exact

C.acute

D.vivid

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)vigorous“有力的；精力充沛的”；B選項(xiàng)exact“準(zhǔn)確的，精密的；精確的”；C選項(xiàng)acute“敏銳的；激烈的；尖聲的”；D選項(xiàng)vivid“生動(dòng)的；鮮明的”。句意：盡管大多數(shù)鳥類只有微不足道的嗅覺，但是它們卻有敏銳的視覺。根據(jù)句意可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Thebrainisorganizedintodifferentregions,eachresponsiblefordifferentfunctions,andinhumansthisorganizationisverymarked.Thelargestpartsofthebrainarethecerebralhemispheres,whichoccupymostoftheinterioroftheskull.Theyarelayeredstructures,themostcomplexbeingtheouterlayer,knownasthecerebralcortex（大腦皮層）,wherethenervecellsareextremelydenselypackedtoallowgreatinterconnectivity.Itsfunctionisnotfullyunderstood,butwecangetsomeindicationofitspurposefromstudiesofanimalsthathavehaditremoved.Adog,forexample,canstillmoveinacoordinatedmanner,willeatandsleep,andevenbarkifitisdisturbed.However,italsobecomesblindandlosesitssenseofsmell—moresignificantly,perhaps,itlosesallinterestinitsenvironment,notrespondingtopeopleortoitsname,nortootherdogs,evenoftheoppositesex.Italsolosesallabilitytolearn.Ineffect,itlosesthecharacteristicsthatwegenerallyrefertoasindicatingintelligenceawareness,interestandinteractionwithanenvironment,andanabilitytoadaptandlearn.Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.Thecerebralcortexhasbeenthesubjectofinvestigationbyresearchersformanyyears,andisslowlyrevealingitssecrets.Itdemonstratesalocalizationoffunctions,inthatdifferentareasofthecortexfulfilldifferentfunctions,suchasmotioncontrol,hearingandvision.Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinteresting.Inthevisualcortex,electricalstimulationofthecellscanproducethesensationoflight,anddetailedanalysishasshownthatspecificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli,sothatonelayerrespondsmaximallytohorizontallines,whileanotherrespondstoverticalones.Althoughmuchofthisstructureisgeneticallypredetermined,theorientation-specificlayoutofthecellsappearstobelearntatanearlystage.Animalsboughtupinanenvironmentofpurelyhorizontallinesdonotdevelopneuronstructuresthatrespondtoverticalorientations,showingthatthesestructuresaredevelopedduetoenvironmentalinputandnotpurelyfromgeneticpredetermination.Thisiscalledself-organizationofthevisualcortexsincethereisexternalteachertoguidethedevelopmentofthesestructures.

1.Theorganizationofbrainischaracterizedby（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,adogcanstillmoveinacoordinatedmanner,willeatandsleep,andevenbarkwhen（

）is(are)removed.

3.Theword“seat”inline12ofthefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

4.Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinterestingbecause（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingheadingsisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theinterioroftheskull

B.differentregionsresponsiblefordifferentfunctions

C.theouterlayer—thecerebralcortex

D.thenervecellsdenselypacked

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.nervecells

B.theskull

C.thehemispheres

D.thecerebralcortex

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.achair

B.partofthebody

C.placewheresomethingisorwheresomethingiscarriedon

D.cortex

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.specificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli

B.muchofthestructureisgeneticallypredetermined

C.horizontallinesarestimulated

D.verticallinesarestimulated

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheCerebralCortex

B.ThespecificLayersofNeurons

C.TheOrganizationoftheBrain

D.TheCerebralHemispheres

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：大腦組織的特點(diǎn)是……。A選項(xiàng)“頭骨的內(nèi)部”；B選項(xiàng)“不同的區(qū)域負(fù)責(zé)不同的功能”；C選項(xiàng)“theouterlayer—thecerebralcortex”；D選項(xiàng)“神經(jīng)細(xì)胞密集排列”。第一段第一句話Thebrainisorganizedintodifferentregions,eachresponsiblefordifferentfunctions,andinhumansthisorganizationisverymarked.（大腦被組織成不同的區(qū)域，每個(gè)區(qū)域負(fù)責(zé)不同的功能，在人類中這個(gè)組織非常明顯），因此答案選B。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，狗被除去（）仍然可以移動(dòng)，吃飯和睡覺，甚至吠喊。A選項(xiàng)“神經(jīng)細(xì)胞”；B選項(xiàng)“頭骨”；C選項(xiàng)“半腦”；D選項(xiàng)“大腦皮層”。根據(jù)題干定位到第八九句話Ineffect,itlosesthecharacteristicsthatwegenerallyrefertoasindicatingintelligenceawareness,interestandinteractionwithanenvironment,andanabilitytoadaptandlearn.Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.（實(shí)際上，它失去了我們通常所說的智力的特征——意識(shí)、興趣、與環(huán)境的互動(dòng)，以及適應(yīng)和學(xué)習(xí)的能力。因此，大腦皮層似乎是大腦高級功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。）從這里可以看出答案選D。

第3題:詞義推測題。A選項(xiàng)“椅子”；B選項(xiàng)“身體的一部分”，C選項(xiàng)“某物所在的地方或某物被進(jìn)行的地方”；D選項(xiàng)“皮質(zhì)”。Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.（因此，大腦皮層似乎是大腦高級功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。）這里seat在文中的不是本意“椅子”，而是引申義“智力所在之地”，所以答案選C。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：皮質(zhì)層的視覺部分尤其有趣因?yàn)椤?。A選項(xiàng)“特定的神經(jīng)元層對特定的輸入刺激方向敏感”；B選項(xiàng)“大部分結(jié)構(gòu)是由基因決定的”；C選項(xiàng)“水平線受到刺激”；D選項(xiàng)“垂直線受到刺激”。根據(jù)題干定位到倒數(shù)第十行Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinteresting.Inthevisualcortex,electricalstimulationofthecellscanproducethesensationoflight,anddetailedanalysishasshownthatspecificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli,sothatonelayerrespondsmaximallytohorizontallines,whileanotherrespondstoverticalones（大腦皮層的視覺部分尤其有趣。在視覺皮層中，對細(xì)胞的電刺激可以產(chǎn)生光的感覺，詳細(xì)分析表明，特定的神經(jīng)元層對特定的輸入刺激方向敏感，因此，一層對水平線反應(yīng)最大，而另一層對垂直線反應(yīng)最大）所以排除C、D選項(xiàng)，答案選A，選項(xiàng)B沒有提及。

第5題:主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“大腦皮層”；B選項(xiàng)“神經(jīng)元的特殊層”；C選項(xiàng)“大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)”；D選項(xiàng)“大腦半球”。原文最開始引出了大腦皮層這一話題，通過舉了狗和視覺皮層中的例子來表明大腦皮層的作用，提出“大腦皮層似乎是大腦高階功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。大腦皮層多年來一直是研究人員研究的主題”這一概念，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B，C，D選項(xiàng)都是文章中的片面的內(nèi)容，文章沒有花費(fèi)大量筆墨描寫“神經(jīng)元的特殊層”；“大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)”；D“大腦半球”，屬于以偏概全。

16.單選題

Myhusbandatea____breakfastbeforehesetoffforhisremotefarmhouse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prime

B.convenient

C.hearty

D.heady

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“prime”，意為“最初的，首位的”；B選項(xiàng)“convenient”，意為“方便的，附近的”；C選項(xiàng)“hearty”，意為“衷心的，強(qiáng)健的，營養(yǎng)豐富的，豐盛的”；D選項(xiàng)“heady”，意為“頑固的，任性的”。句意：我的丈夫在啟程去偏遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)舍之前，享用了一頓豐盛的早餐。因此，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（

）byhiscolleagues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.denied

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。imaginative“富于想象力的，有創(chuàng)造力的”；ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，機(jī)靈的”；impractical“不切實(shí)際的”；denied“否定”。由“condemned譴責(zé)”可知此空應(yīng)填貶義詞，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：他的想法總是被同事們指責(zé)為不切實(shí)際。

18.單選題

Thoughshewasnotaprofessionalwriter,shebecamean（

）memberoftheWriter’sAssociation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.honour

B.honourable

C.honoured

D.honorary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。honour“榮譽(yù)”；honourable“誠實(shí)的，正直的”；honoured“榮幸的”；honorary“名譽(yù)的”。句意：盡管她不是職業(yè)作家，她還是成為了作協(xié)的名譽(yù)會(huì)員。D項(xiàng)符合題意，答案D

19.單選題

Thoughheisonly7yearsold,hehasa______imagination.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.faithful

B.fertile

C.frank

D.furious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)faithful“忠實(shí)的”；B選項(xiàng)fertile“豐富的”；C選項(xiàng)frank“坦白的”；D選項(xiàng)furious“激烈的”。句意：雖然他只有7歲，但他有豐富的想象力。本句表示豐富的想象力。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Wearewritingtothemanager（）therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withreferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】短語辨析。句意：我們正在給經(jīng)理寫信，

近期在上述地址開展的維修工作。withtheexceptionof除……以外；withthepurposeof目的是；withreferenceto關(guān)于；withaviewto為了。因此，C項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.填空題

MuchofwhatisbestinRoots—thestoryofhisfamilytracesbackoversevengenerations—waswritten

outofthisman’sownsufferingsanddespair.Heisclosetotearsashetellsthestory.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Btracesback改為tracedback

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)waswritten，可知?jiǎng)幼饕淹瓿桑瑃race是非謂語動(dòng)詞，用過去分詞traced表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生。

【句意】《根》講述了他的家族七代人的故事，其中最精彩的部分是他用自己的痛苦和絕望寫成的。當(dāng)他講述這個(gè)故事時(shí)，幾乎要流淚了。

22.單選題

Once,ataparty,Iwasintroducedtoafriendofafriend.Weshookhands,Itoldhermyname,shetoldmehers.ThenshedidsomethingthatIwaseversogratefulfor.“Hangon,”shesaid.“Canyousayyournameagain?Iwasn’treallylistening.”Shesavedmefromhavingtolater—possiblyevenatthesameparty—sheepishlyadmitthatI,too,hadalreadyforgottenhername.

AninformalpolloffellowAtlanticstaffersconfirmedmysuspicionthatthisissomethingthathappenstoeventhemostkindandconscientiousamongus.Nosoonerdoessomeoneutterthemostfundamentalfactoidaboutthemselvesthantheinformationfleesourbrainsforever.

Thereareafewreasonswhythisoccurs:

You’renotreallythatinterested:Maybeyou’rejustmakinganappearanceatthispartyandareplanningtoabscondshortlytoasuperiorkick-back.Yourlevelofinterestcanimpacthowwellyouremembersomething.“Somepeople,perhapsthosewhoaremoresociallyaware,arejustmoreinterestedinpeople,moreinterestedinrelationships,”RichardHarris,professorofpsychologyatKansasStateUniversity,toldScienceDaily.“Theywouldbemoremotivatedtoremembersomebody’sname.”

Therearetwotypesofstorageinthebrain:Long-termandshort-term.Theshort-termvarietyiscalled“workingmemory,”anditfunctionslikeaveryleakythermos.Itdoesn’tholdmuchanditspillsstuffoutallthetime.“Youcanholdjustalittlebitofinformationthereandifyoudon’tconcentrateonit,itfadesawayrapidly,”PaulReber,apsychologyprofessoratNorthwesternUniversity,toldmeinanemail.“Informationlikeanameneedstobetransferredtoadifferentbrainsystemthatcreateslong-termmemoriesthatpersistovertime.”

There’snotmuchinaname,frankly.Itdoesn’tactuallytellyouanythingaboutthepersonyou’remeeting,andthusitdoesn’tgiveyourbrainanythingtoclingto.“Humanmemoryisverygoodatthingslikefacesandfactualinformationthatconnectswelltootherinformationyoualreadyknow,”Rebersaid.Thenameendsupneitherconnectingtowhatyoualreadyknownorstandingoutasunusual,”Rebersaid.“Soyougetthisfunnyphenomenonwhereyoucanrememberlotsaboutapersonyourecentlymet—everythingexcepttheirname(thishappenstomeallthetime).”

1.Theauthorpointsoutinthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（）.

2.AccordingtoRichardHarris,howwellwerememberanameisrelatedto（）.

3.WhatistheproblemmentionedinParagraph5?

4.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph6thatnamesare（）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wewanttoknowhowtorememberotherpeople’sname

B.weoftenfeelsorryforforgettingotherpeople’sname

C.itisimportanttorememberotherpeople’sname

D.itisjustcommontoforgetotherpeople’sname

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whetheritisnecessarytodoit

B.whetherthenameiseasytoremember

C.howgoodourmemoryis

D.howinterestedweareinthatperson

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Limitofworkingmemory.

B.Confusinginformation.

C.Malfunctionofthebrain.

D.Toomuchinformation.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.symbolic

B.pointless

C.unique

D.informative

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.What’sinaname?

B.What’syourname,again?

C.Don’tforgetmyname

D.That’smyname

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。前兩段作者根據(jù)自己的親身經(jīng)歷講述我們經(jīng)常忘記別人的名字。該題的解題關(guān)鍵在于要聯(lián)系上下文，第三段說道“Thereareafewreasonswhythisoccurs:

（出現(xiàn)這種情況有以下幾個(gè)原因：）”，那么最能承接這句話的就是正確答案。A選項(xiàng)“我們想知道如何記住別人的名字”；B選項(xiàng)“我們常常因?yàn)橥浟藙e人的名字而感到抱歉”；C選項(xiàng)“記住別人的名字是很重要的”都和下文聯(lián)系不大，所以D選項(xiàng)“忘記別人的名字是很正常的”正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段中指出“Yourlevelofinterestcanimpacthowwellyouremembersomething.（你的興趣程度會(huì)影響你記憶的好壞。）”，RichardHarris的研究指出也表明“Somepeople,perhapsthosewhoaremoresociallyaware,arejustmoreinterestedinpeople,moreinterestedinrelationships（有些人可能更有社會(huì)意識(shí)，對人更感興趣，對人際關(guān)系更感興趣。）”，A選項(xiàng)“是否有必要做這件事”；B選項(xiàng)“名字是否容易被記住”；C選項(xiàng)“我們的記憶力有多好”都與原文不符，因此D選項(xiàng)“我們對那個(gè)人有多感興趣”正確。

3.推理判斷題。第五段主要講了短時(shí)記憶即工作記憶的缺點(diǎn)。“Theshort-termvarietyiscalled‘workingmemory’,anditfunctionslikeaveryleakythermos.Itdoesn’tholdmuchanditspillsstuffoutallthetime.（短期記憶被稱為‘工作記憶’，它的功能就像一個(gè)漏水的保溫瓶。它裝不了多少東西，還總是把東西倒出來。）”。B選項(xiàng)“混亂的信息”；C選項(xiàng)“大腦功能障礙”；D選項(xiàng)“太多的信息”都不符合段意，因此A選項(xiàng)“工作記憶的限制”正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第六段說到“There’snotmuchinaname,frankly.Itdoesn’tactuallytellyouanythingaboutthepersonyou’remeeting,andthusitdoesn’tgiveyourbrainanythingtoclingto.（坦白地說，名字里并沒有什么。它實(shí)際上并沒有告訴你任何關(guān)于你要見的人的信息，因此它也沒有給你的大腦任何依附的東西。）”，由此可看出名字是沒有什么實(shí)際意義的。A選項(xiàng)“符號(hào)”；C選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)特的”；D選項(xiàng)“信息量大的”都不符合原文，因此B選項(xiàng)“沒有意義的”正確。

5.主旨大意題。由文章第一段可知我們經(jīng)常忘記別人的名字，文章后面幾段在闡述為什么會(huì)有這種現(xiàn)象。所以B選項(xiàng)“請?jiān)僬f一遍你的名字好嗎？”更加符合文章主旨大意。A選項(xiàng)“名字里有什么”；C選項(xiàng)“別忘了我的名字”；D選項(xiàng)“那是我的名字”都沒有B選項(xiàng)適合。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

JamesCook,（）,alsodiscoveredtheHawaiianIslands.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.byexploringtheSouthSeahereachedAustralia

B.exploredtheSouthSeaandreachingAustralia

C.whoexploredtheSouthSeaandreachedAustralia

D.exploredtheSouthSeathenreachedAustralia

【答案】C

【解析】考查從句。C選項(xiàng)做定語從句修飾主語JamesCook，定語從句中的謂語explored和reached由and并列，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)一致，整個(gè)句子代入到題干中無語法錯(cuò)誤。句意：詹姆斯庫克探索了南海并到達(dá)了澳大利亞，他也發(fā)現(xiàn)了夏威夷群島。A選項(xiàng)中hereachedAustralia是一個(gè)完整句子，代入到題干中，整個(gè)句子出現(xiàn)多個(gè)主語和謂語，并且沒有適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞或引導(dǎo)詞，因此A錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)中and后的動(dòng)詞是reaching而and之前的動(dòng)詞是explored，and并列的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞之間的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)不一致，因此錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系不正確。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

24.翻譯題

FROMCHINESETOENGLISH

我說過我們要發(fā)展記憶，那是因?yàn)槲覀兩钪杏写诵枰]有文化的動(dòng)物中，能以本能來應(yīng)付生活，就不必有記憶。我這樣說，其實(shí)也包含了另一項(xiàng)意思，就是人在記憶上發(fā)展的程度是依他們生活需要而決定的。我們每個(gè)人，每一刻，所接觸的外界眾多復(fù)雜，但是并不進(jìn)入我們的感覺，我們有所選擇。和我們眼睛所接觸的外界我們并不都看見，我們只看見我們所注意的，我們的視線有焦點(diǎn)，焦點(diǎn)依著我們的注意而移動(dòng)。注意的對象由我們選擇，選擇的根據(jù)是我們生活的需要。

【答案】Isaidwedevelopmemoriesbecauseweneedtheminourlives.Withoutculture,animalscopewithlifebyinstinct.Thusmemoryisnecessaryforthem.Bysayingthis,Ialsomeanthatpeopledevelopmemoryaccordingtotheneedsoftheirlives.Everyoneofus,isconnectedtothisvastandcomplexworldineverymoment,butdon’treceiveallintooursenses,whichmeanswechoose.Wedonotseeeverythingthatoureyestouch.Weseeonlywhatwenotice,becausethereisafocusinoursightwhichmovesonthebasisofourattention.Andtheobjectofattentionischosenbyus,accordingtotheneedsofourlife.

25.單選題

Thestudent,（）atthewaythequestionwasputforward,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosurprise

B.surprised

C.surprising

D.tobesurprised

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主語“thestudent”和動(dòng)詞“surprise”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以本題應(yīng)該選B選項(xiàng)：surprised。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生對問題提出的方式感到驚訝，不知道如何回答。綜上所述，B選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Pleasedropinwheneveryoucan.I’dliketokeep______touch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.on

C.to

D.with

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：有空請隨時(shí)來坐坐。我想保持聯(lián)系。keepintouch是固定搭配，意為“保持聯(lián)系”。其他三項(xiàng)不能進(jìn)行搭配。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

Myboneshavebeenachingagain,astheyoftendoinhumidweather.Theyachelikehistory:thingslongdonewith,thatstillremainaspain.Whentheacheisbadenoughitkeepsmefromsleeping.EverynightIyearnforsleep,Istriveforit;yetitfluttersonaheadofmelikeacurtain.Therearesleepingpills,ofcourse,butthedoctorhaswarnedmeagainstthem.

Lastnight,afterwhatseemedhoursofdampturmoil,Igotupandcreptslipperlessdownthestairs,feelingmywayinthefaintstreetlightthatcamethroughthewindow.Oncesafelyarrivedatthebottom,Iwalkedintothekitchenandlookedaroundintherefrigerator.TherewasnothingmuchIwantedtoeat:theremainsofabunchofcelery,ablue-tingedheelofbread,alemongoingsoft.I'vefallenintothehabitsofthesolitary;mymealsaresnatchedandrandom.Furtivesnacks,furtivetreatsandpicnics.Imadedowithsomepeanutbutter,scoopeddirectlyfromthejarwithaforefinger:whydirtyaspoon?

Standingtherewiththejarinonehandandmyfingerinmymouth,Ihadthefeelingthatsomeonewasabouttowalkintotheroom~someotherwoman,theunseen,validowner~andaskmewhatinhellIwasdoinginherkitchen.I’vehaditbefore,thesensethateveninthecourseofmymostlegitimateanddailyactions—peelingabanana,brushingmyteeth―Iamtrespassing.

Atnightthehousewasmorethaneverlikeastranger's.Iwanderedthroughthefrontroom,thediningroom,theparlour,handonthewallforbalance.Myvariouspossessionswerefloatingintheirownpoolsofshadow,denyingmyownershipofthem.Ilookedthemoverwithaburglar’seye,decidingwhatmightbeworththeriskofstealing,whatontheotherhandIwouldleavebehind.Robberswouldtaketheobviousthings~thesilverteapotthatwasmygrandmother’s,perhapsthehand-paintedchina.Thetelevisionset.NothingIreallywant.

1.Theauthorcouldnotfallasleepbecause（

）.

2.TheauthordidnotlikethefoodintherefrigeratorbecauseitwasNOT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itwastoodampinthebedroom

B.shehadrunoutofsleepingpills

C.shewasinverypoorhealth

D.shefeltveryhungry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.fresh

B.sufficient

C.nutritious

D.delicious

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問作者不能入睡的原因。由第一段中第三句“Whentheacheisbadenoughitkeepsmefromsleeping.EverynightIyearnforsleep,Istriveforit;yetitfluttersonaheadofmelikeacurtain.當(dāng)疼痛非常嚴(yán)重時(shí)，它讓我無法入睡。每晚我都渴望睡覺，我努力去睡著，但是睡覺如同一個(gè)窗簾樣在我的面前飄動(dòng)”確定C選項(xiàng)“她身體非常不好”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問作者不喜歡吃冰箱的食物的原因。由第二段第三句“TherewasnothingmuchIwantedtoeat:theremainsofabunchofcelery,ablue-tingedheelofbread,alemongoingsoft.這里沒有太多我想吃的東西：剩下的東西有一把芹菜、一塊染了藍(lán)色的面包尾部和一個(gè)正變軟的檸檬”確定A選項(xiàng)“新鮮”正確；B選項(xiàng)“充足的”、C選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)的”和D選項(xiàng)“可口的”不正確。

28.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingshortEnglishpassagesintoChinese,whichshouldbewrittenonyourAnswerSheet.

Manypeoplehavebeendeeplyinfluencedbythesekindsofpronouncements,andhavegraduallybeguntochangetheirwayoflifeasaresult.Theyareexercisingmore,havegivenuporcutdownsmoking,andhavealsobeguntoeatmorehealthily.

Ontheonehand,doctorswarnthateatingtoomuchmeatisacauseofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure,andontheothersaythateatingvegetablesandfruithelpstosustainhealth.Manypeoplehavegivenupmeatasamatterofprinciple.Somebelievethatitiswrongtokilllivingthings,orbelievethatbecauseraisinganimalsneedsmorelandthangrowingvegetablecrops,itisawasteoftheworld'sscarceresourcestoeatmeat.

【答案】很多人已深受這些類型的聲明的影響，結(jié)果他們已逐漸開始改變自己的生活方式。他們正在做更多的鍛煉，已放棄或減少吸煙，并且也開始更健康地飲食。

一方面，醫(yī)生警告稱食肉過多是心臟病和高血壓發(fā)生的一個(gè)原因。另外一方面,醫(yī)生稱吃蔬菜和水果有助于維持健康。許多人因?yàn)樵瓌t問題己放棄吃肉。一些人認(rèn)為殺害生物是不對的