書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南開(kāi)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

（）he（）asynopsisofastory（）hewouldsummonacrowdofhisfriends

tohishouseandreaditaloudtothem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nosoonerdid...have...than

B.Assoonas...hadthen

C.Nosoonerdid...have...that

D.Nosooner...had...than

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他剛有了一個(gè)故事的概要，就把一群朋友們叫到家聽(tīng)他朗讀。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榈寡b?！癗osoonerdid（had）...than...”表示“一…就…”。此固定結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)吋間狀語(yǔ)從句，位于句首，需要部分倒裝。因此只有A正確。

2.單選題

Thegrowthofpopulationduringthepastfewcenturiesisnoproofthatpopulationwillcontinuetogrowstraightupwardtowardinfinityanddoom.Onthecontrary,demographichistoryoffersevidencethatpopulationgrowthhasnotbeenatallconstant.Accordingtopaleo-ecologistEdwardDeevey,thepastmillionyearsshowthreemomentouschanges.Thefirst,arapidincreaseinpopulationaroundonemillionB.C.,followedtheinnovationsoftool-makingandtool-using.Butwhenthenewpowerfromtheuseoftoolshadbeenexploited,therateofworldpopulationgrowthfellandbecamealmoststable.

Thenextrapidjumpinpopulationstartedperhaps10.000yearsago,whenmenbegantokeepherds,plowandplanttheearth.Onceagainwheninitialproductivitygainshadbeenabsorbed,therateofpopulationgrowthabated.

Thesetwoepisodessuggestthatthethirdgreatchange,thepresentrapidgrowth,whichbeganintheWestbetween250and350yearsago,mayalsoslowdownwhen,oriftechnologybeginstoyieldfewerinnovations.Ofcourse,thecurrentknowledgerevolutionmaycontinuewithoutforeseeableend.Eitherway—contrarytopopularbeliefinconstantgeometricgrowth—populationcanbeexpectedinthelongruntoadjusttoproductivity.Andwhenonetakesthisview,populationgrowthisseentorepresenteconomicprogressandhumantriumphratherthansocialfailure.

1.Inthepassage,whendidthefirstsignificantdemographicchangeoccur?

2.Whatdidhumanbeingslearntodowhenthe2nddemographicchangetookplace?

3.Whatisfoundtohavecloserelationshipwithrapidincreaseinpopulation?

4.Whatcanbeconcludedwhenthecurrenttideofknowledgerevolutionebbs?

5.Whatistheconceptmostpeoplehaveonpopulationgrowth?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Threetofourcenturiesago.

B.Tenthousandyearsago.

C.Atatimewhensteamedenginewasinvented.

D.Atatimewhenhumanbeingsbegantousetools.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tousestone.

B.Toplanttheearth.

C.Tobuildaircraft.

D.Toderiveautomobiles.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Warbetween2centuries.

B.Waysdiscoveredtoincreaseproductivity.

C.Migrationfromacontinenttoanothercontinent.

D.Anewreligionbeginningtobeacceptedbypeople.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Productivitywillrise.

B.Productivitywillreceivenoimpact.

C.Populationgrowthwillslowdown.

D.Populationgrowthwillbecomeaccelerated.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepopulationisalwaysinconstantgeometricgrowth.

B.Rapidgrowthisfollowedbystablegrowth.

C.Deceleratedgrowthisfollowedbyadecline

D.Nogrowthatall.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“arapidincreaseinpopulationaroundonemillionB.C.,followedtheinnovationsoftool-makingandtool-using.”公元前100萬(wàn)年左右，人口迅速增長(zhǎng)，伴隨著工具制造的創(chuàng)新和工具的使用。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thenextrapidjumpinpopulationstartedperhaps10.000yearsago,whenmenbegantokeepherds,plowandplanttheearth.”第二次人口的快速增長(zhǎng)大約始于一萬(wàn)年前，那時(shí)人們開(kāi)始放牧、犁地和種地。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Onceagainwheninitialproductivitygainshadbeenabsorbed,therateofpopulationgrowthabated.”當(dāng)最初的生產(chǎn)力增長(zhǎng)再次被吸收后，人口增長(zhǎng)率又降低了。由此推斷，人口的增長(zhǎng)和生產(chǎn)力的提高有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“thepresentrapidgrowth,...,mayalsoslowdownwhen,oriftechnologybeginstoyieldfewerinnovations.”如果技術(shù)創(chuàng)新開(kāi)始減少，當(dāng)前人口的快速增長(zhǎng)也可能放緩。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“...popularbeliefinconstantgeometricgrowth...”選項(xiàng)A與原文相符。

3.單選題

Humble（）itmaybe,thereisnoplacemorelikehome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.although

B.as

C.how

D.that

【答案】B

【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句子用了倒裝，把形容詞提前到句首，只有as或者though有這個(gè)用法，although沒(méi)有。as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞，副詞，分詞，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）例如：Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)humble。句意：盡管這里是簡(jiǎn)陋的，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)地方比它更像家。所以本題選擇B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.填空題

Thankyoufor（1）myquestions.IhopeIhaven’ttakenuptoomuchofyour（2）

【答案】1.answering

2.time

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。句意:謝謝你回答我的問(wèn)題。

2.語(yǔ)義題。句意:希望沒(méi)有占用你太多時(shí)間。

5.單選題

The（）fromtheairportwasreallytiringbecauseitwassituatedfarfromthecity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.flight

B.travel

C.crossing

D.journey

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：flight意為“飛行，航班”；選項(xiàng)B：travel“旅行，旅游”（泛指）；選項(xiàng)C：crossing意為“橫越，橫渡”；選項(xiàng)D：journey“（側(cè)重指時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)、距離較遠(yuǎn)的單程旅行）行程，路程”。由題意可知，本題的正確選項(xiàng)為D選項(xiàng)。句意：從機(jī)場(chǎng)回來(lái)的路真的很累人，因?yàn)樗x城市很遠(yuǎn)。

6.填空題

Ihave（1）goodnewsforyou:Johnhas（2）tobuyyouroldmotorcycle.

【答案】1.some

2.decided

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。句意:告訴你一些好消息。

2.固定搭配。Decidetodo決定…。

7.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

據(jù)財(cái)富、種族、教育、地域的不同，計(jì)算機(jī)的擁有程度和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入規(guī)模有很大差別。數(shù)據(jù)表明，計(jì)算機(jī)的擁有程度和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的接入規(guī)模在最富裕的、教育良好的，即擁有高中和大學(xué)文憑的富裕的白人和那些穩(wěn)定的雙親家庭中增長(zhǎng)更迅速。最高收入階層的家庭，即年收入高于75000美元的家庭訪問(wèn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的可能性是那些低收入階層，即年收入低于10000美元的家庭的20倍。高收入家庭使用計(jì)算機(jī)的比例高達(dá)76.56%，但與之相比，低收入家庭只有8%。

【答案】Accordingtothedifferencesinwealth,race,educationandregion,greatdistancehasexistedintheownershipofcomputerandInternetaccess.ThestatisticsshowthattheownershipofcomputerandInternetaccesshaveincreasedrapidlyinthemostaffluentandwell-educatedwhitepeoplewhousuallyownshigh-schoolanduniversitydiplomaandstabletwo-parentfamilies.ThepossibilityofusingInternetinthefamilieswiththehighestincome,morethan75,000dollars,istwentytimesasmuchasthatinthefamilieswithlowincome,lessthan10,000dollars.Therateofusingcomputerinhighincomefamilieshasreached76.56%,whiletherateinlowincomefamilieshasonly8%.

8.單選題

Itisnecessaryforthevaluablespeciesto（）itselfinordertostayinexistence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infer

B.propagate

C.inject

D.jerk

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：為了能夠使珍稀物種生存，必須進(jìn)行。infer推論；propagate繁殖；inject注射；jerk猛拉。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Itriedveryhardtorestrainraylaughter,buttearsstartedflowingdownmycheeksandIbegan______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proffering

B.defrauding

C.guffawing

D.deflecting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.proffering遞上，提供；提出B.defrauding欺騙；詐騙

C.guffawing哄笑，大笑著說(shuō)D.deflecting使轉(zhuǎn)向；使傾斜

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“我努力抑制住自己的笑聲，但是眼淚開(kāi)始順著我的臉頰流了下來(lái)，我開(kāi)始______”可知，“我努力抑制笑聲，但是眼淚留下來(lái)了”，所以“我忍不住大笑起來(lái)”，空格處填入C項(xiàng)符合句子意思。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】我竭力想忍住笑聲，但眼淚開(kāi)始從我的臉頰上流下來(lái)，我開(kāi)始大笑起來(lái)。

10.單選題

Themanhadeithertoleavethecountryimmediatelyortosurrenderhimselftotheenemyandhadnootherchoice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alternative

B.hope

C.resource

D.approach

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)alternative“二中選一；供替代的選擇”；B選項(xiàng)hope“希望”；C選項(xiàng)resource“資源”；D選項(xiàng)approach“方式”。句意：這個(gè)人要么立即離開(kāi)這個(gè)國(guó)家，要么向敵人投降，結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)leavethecountry（離開(kāi)這個(gè)國(guó)家）以及surrenderhimselftotheenemy（向敵人投降），可推測(cè)他是在兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇，由此得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordson“Isitworthwhileforyoutomakeeffortsinordertoachieveyourfuturesuccess?”Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinesbelow:

Outline:

1)Somepeoplebelievethatmakingeffortsisuselessifyoudon’thaveaparentwithpowerormoneytohelpyouwithyourfuturesuccess.

2)Othersmaintainthatsuchpracticewouldbeharmful,especiallyforyoungpeopleandmakingeffortsiscrucialandshouldbeencouraged.

3)Youropinions.

【答案】【參考范文】

Isitworthwhileforyoutomakeeffortsinordertoachieveyourfuturesuccess?12.單選題

Nancy’sgonetoworkbuthercar’sstillthere,she（）bybus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.musthavegone

B.shouldhavegone

C.oughttohavegone

D.couldhavegone

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。A選項(xiàng)musthavegone表示肯定的猜測(cè)，“她一定是坐公交車(chē)去的”；B選項(xiàng)shouldhavegone和C選項(xiàng)oughttohavegone表示本來(lái)應(yīng)該，“她本應(yīng)該坐公交車(chē)去的”；D選項(xiàng)couldhavegone表示本來(lái)可以，“她本可以坐公交車(chē)去的”。句意：南希去上班了，但她的車(chē)還在那兒，她一定是坐公交車(chē)去的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Itisnotavoicewerecognizeatonce,[A]whereasourownhandwritingissomething[B]whichwe[C]almostalwaysknow.Webeginthenaturallearningofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearningtoreadorwrite,andinourearlyyearswe[D]goonunconsciouslyimitatingandpracticingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanyhourseveryday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whereas

B.which

C.almostalways

D.goon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，先行詞是something等不定代詞時(shí)，要用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。應(yīng)將B選項(xiàng)which改為that。

14.單選題

Ahealthydietincludeslotsof（

）naturalfoodwithplentyofproteinsandvitamins.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indigestible

B.wholesome

C.leftover

D.heavy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。indigestible難消化的；wholesome益于健康的；leftover剩余的，殘留物。句意：健康的飲食包含許多益于健康的純天然食物，這些食物含有豐富的蛋白質(zhì)和維生素。根據(jù)healthydiet可知空格處應(yīng)填B，答案B

15.單選題

Beingcriticalanddictatorial,thebosswould（）discussionsandignorecommentsnotinagreementswithhis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitate

B.illustrate

C.illuminate

D.dominate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)facilitate“促進(jìn)、幫助”；B選項(xiàng)illustrate“說(shuō)明、闡明”；C選項(xiàng)illuminate“說(shuō)明、照亮”；D選項(xiàng)dominate“控制、支配”，句意為：由于老板的挑剔和獨(dú)裁，他會(huì)主導(dǎo)討論，忽視與他意見(jiàn)不一致的意見(jiàn)。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

16.單選題

Foryearspediaticiansdidn’tworrymuchabouttreatinghypertensionintheirpatients.Afterall,kidsgrowsofast,it’shardkeepingupwiththeirshoesize,letalonetheirbloodpressure.Sure,hypertensioninadultsplacesthematgreaterriskofheartattackandstroke.Butnobodylikestheideaofstartingyoungstersonblood-pressuremedicinetheycouldwinduptakingtherestoftheirlives.Whoknowswhatpreviouslyunheard-ofsideeffectscouldcropupafterfiveprsixdecadesofdailyuse?

Therationalehasbeen:kidsgrowoutofsomanythings,maybethey'llgrowoutofthistoo.

Now,though,comeswordthathighbloodpressurecanbedestructiveeveninchildhood.AccordingtoarecentreportinthejournalCirculation,19of130childrenwithhighbloodpressuredevelopedadangerousthickeningoftheheartmusclethat,inadultsatleast,hasbeenlinkedtoheartfailure.“Nooneknowsifthispatternholdstrueforyoungerpatientsaswell,”saysDr.StephenDaniels,apediatriccardiologistwholedthestudyatChildrensHospitalMedicalCenterinCincinnati,Ohio.“Butit’sworrisome.”

Who’smostatrisk?Boysmorethangirls,especiallyboyswhoareoverweight.Theirheartworkssohardtoforcebloodthroughextralayersoffatthatitswallsgrowmoredense.Then,afterdecadesofstraining,itgrowstoobigtopumpbloodverywell.Fortunatelytheabnormal,thickeningcanbespottedbyultrasound.Andinmostcase,gettingthatbloodpressureundercontrol—throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment一allowstheoverworkedmuscletoshrinktonormalsize.

Howcanyoutellifyoursarelikethe670,000Americanchildrenages10to18withhighbloodpressure?It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery.Youshouldhaveatestdonebyadoctor,whowillconsultspecialtablesthatindicatemenormalrangeofbloodpressureforaparticularchild’sage,heightandsex.Ifthedoctorfindsanabnormalresulthewillrepeatthetestoveraperiodofmonthstomakesurethereadingisn’tafake.He’llalsocheck,whetherotherconditions,likekidneydisease,couldbethesourceofthetrouble.BecausehypertensioncanbehardtodetecttheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstituterecommendsannualblood-pressurechecksforeverychildoverage3.

Abouthalfthecasesofhypertensionstemdirectlyfromkidsbeingoverweight.Andtheproblemislikelytogrow.Overthepast30yearstheproportionofchildrenintheU.S.whoareoverweighthasdoubled,from5%to11%or4.7millionkids.

Youcankeepyourchildrenfromjoiningtheirranksbyclearingthejunkfoodfromyourpantryandhookingyoukids—theearlierthebetter一onhealthy,attractivesnackslikefruits(tryfreezinggrapesorcarrotstickswithsalsa).Notonlywilltheyloweryourchildren’sbloodpressure:thesefoodswillalsoboosttheirimmunesystemandunclogtheirplumbing.Meanwhile,makesureyourkidsspendmoretimeontheplaygroundthanwiththeirPlay-Station.Eveniftheydon’tshedapound,vigorousexercisewillhelpkeeptheirbloodvesselsniceandwide,loweringtheirbloodpressure.Andofcourse,they’llbemorelikelytoeatlightandexerciseifyousetagoodexample.

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby（）.

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fix

B.clear

C.hinder

D.dismantle

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hypertensionishardtodetect

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretested

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagrocery

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexamined

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Drugtreatment.

B.Weightloss.

C.Exercise.

D.Overwork.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstroke

B.parent'sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressure

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertension

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttrouble

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby______.1.最后一段的unclog可以用______代替。

A.fixA.修理

B.clearB.清除

C.hinderC.阻礙

D.dismantleD.拆卸

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至最后一段第二句“這些食物不僅能降低孩子的血壓，還能增強(qiáng)他們的免疫系統(tǒng)，unclog他們的管道”，可知，既然是有益的食物，當(dāng)然是能疏通和清潔管道。所以u(píng)nclog的意思是“疏通”的意思，只有B項(xiàng)“清理，清除”意思與之相近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“修理”、C項(xiàng)“阻礙”和D項(xiàng)“拆卸”都是曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies______.2.通過(guò)說(shuō)“這不是那種你在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店的免費(fèi)監(jiān)測(cè)站把孩子的手臂套在袖口上就能抓到的東西”，作者想表示______。

A.hypertensionishardtodetectA.高血壓很難檢測(cè)

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretestedB.孩子們經(jīng)常拒絕測(cè)量血壓

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagroceryC.如果你想在雜貨店檢查孩子的血壓，你將不得不支付一大筆錢(qián)

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexaminedD.在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译s貨店，你可以自由決定如何檢查孩子的血壓

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第五段第二句“這不是那種你在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店的免費(fèi)監(jiān)測(cè)站把你的孩子的手臂綁在袖口上就能抓到的東西”，結(jié)合上一句“你怎么知道你的孩子是不是像67萬(wàn)10到18歲患有高血壓的美國(guó)孩子一樣呢？”，以及第五段一直強(qiáng)調(diào)檢測(cè)兒童是否高血壓，醫(yī)生需要參考特殊的表格，如果有異常的話需要醫(yī)生重復(fù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試，來(lái)確保讀數(shù)為真，還要檢查是否有其他的疾病引起高血壓，第五段最后一句更是直接點(diǎn)明“因?yàn)楦哐獕汉茈y被發(fā)現(xiàn)，國(guó)家心肺血液研究所建議每年對(duì)每個(gè)3歲以上的兒童進(jìn)行血壓檢查”，可以推測(cè)出作是想表達(dá)測(cè)量高血壓并非易事，所以并不是在當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨店通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的檢測(cè)機(jī)器就可以檢查出的，必須去醫(yī)院做檢查，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“孩子們經(jīng)常拒絕測(cè)量血壓”原文未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“如果你想在雜貨店檢查孩子的血壓，你將不得不支付一大筆錢(qián)”與原文不符合，原文已經(jīng)提到雜貨店的監(jiān)測(cè)站是免費(fèi)的，該項(xiàng)反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患译s貨店，你可以自由決定如何檢查孩子的血壓”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)并不符合原文，屬于曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?3.以下哪項(xiàng)不是作者建議的控制高血壓的方法？

A.Drugtreatment.A.藥物治療。

B.Weightloss.B.減肥。

C.Exercise.C.鍛煉。

D.Overwork.D.過(guò)度工作。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段最后一句“而且在大多數(shù)情況下，通過(guò)減肥和鍛煉，或者作為最后的手段，藥物治療（throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment），控制血壓可以使過(guò)度勞累的肌肉收縮到正常大小”，從中可知，控制高血壓的辦法包括減肥、鍛煉和藥物治療，只有D項(xiàng)“過(guò)度工作”沒(méi)有提到。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“藥物治療”、B項(xiàng)“減肥”和C項(xiàng)“鍛煉”都符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.4.我們可以從文章中得出______的結(jié)論？

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstrokeA.患有高血壓的兒童不太可能患心臟病和中風(fēng)

B.parent’sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressureB.父母的血壓決定孩子的血壓

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertensionC.除了超重，還有其他因素導(dǎo)致高血壓

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttroubleD.劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“大約有一半的高血壓病例是直接由兒童超重引起的”，從這句話我們可以推斷，還有其他的因素也會(huì)導(dǎo)致高血壓。C項(xiàng)“除了超重，還有其他因素導(dǎo)致高血壓”符合這一分析，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“患有高血壓的兒童不太可能患心臟病和中風(fēng)”，在原文第三段提到，患有高血壓的兒童出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)的心肌增厚，所以該項(xiàng)并不正確，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“父母的血壓決定孩子的血壓”沒(méi)有提到，無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病”，在原文最后一段倒數(shù)第二句提到“劇烈的運(yùn)動(dòng)也會(huì)幫助他們保持血管的健康和寬闊，降低他們的血壓”，可知，“劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病”與原文不符，曲解原文。

17.單選題

Formanypatients,institutionalcareisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pertinent

B.appropriate

C.acute

D.persistent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)pertinent“相關(guān)的，相干的”，B項(xiàng)appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)?，恰?dāng)?shù)摹?，C項(xiàng)acute“嚴(yán)重的，急性的”，D項(xiàng)persistent“固執(zhí)的，堅(jiān)持的”。根據(jù)句子意思“對(duì)許多病人來(lái)說(shuō)，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是……和最有益的護(hù)理形式”可知，空格處填入B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：對(duì)許多病人來(lái)說(shuō)，機(jī)構(gòu)護(hù)理是最合適和最有益的護(hù)理形式。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Weareallforyourproposalthatthediscussion（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beputoff

B.wasputoff

C.shouldputoff

D.istoputoff

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我們都贊成你關(guān)于推遲討論的提議。

語(yǔ)法題。考查should的用法。名詞proposal(提議，建議)引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用should(可省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。而且，discussion與putoff之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此A項(xiàng)符合正確表達(dá)。

19.單選題

Recentfindingsindicatethatbirdscanalsousethemagneticfieldoftheearthasanaidto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.criterion

B.orientation

C.standard

D.guideline

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)criterion“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；規(guī)范；準(zhǔn)則”；B選項(xiàng)orientation“定位；適應(yīng)；向東方”；C選項(xiàng)standard“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；度量衡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”；D選項(xiàng)guideline“指導(dǎo)方針”。句意：最近的調(diào)查結(jié)果表明，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)也能使用地球磁場(chǎng)作為定位的輔助手段。結(jié)合句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturetheprofessordeliveredbecauseitssubjectwasvery

（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscure

B.indefinite

C.dubious

D.intriguing

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，朦朧的，不清楚的”；B選項(xiàng)indefinite“無(wú)限的，不確定的”；C選項(xiàng)dubious“可疑的，曖昧的”；D選項(xiàng)intriguing“用詭計(jì)取得，激起……的興趣”。根據(jù)空格前面句子的主語(yǔ)“itssubjects它的主題”可知空格部分單詞意思可能為“不清晰”，句意為：很少有人理解這位教授的演講，因?yàn)檠葜v主題非常不清晰。故正確答案選A。

21.單選題

Ifthiskindoffishbecomes（）,futuregenerationsmaynevertasteitatall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.minimum

B.short

C.seldom

D.scarce

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)minimum“最小化（一般指數(shù)據(jù)之類(lèi)的）”，B選項(xiàng)short“短的；短小的”，C選項(xiàng)seldom“很少；不常（一般指頻率）”，D選項(xiàng)scarce“稀少的，稀缺的”；原句意思是說(shuō)如果這種魚(yú)變得稀缺……，其余選項(xiàng)代入均不符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。句意為：如果這種魚(yú)變得稀缺，未來(lái)的幾代人可能再也吃不到它了。

22.單選題

—Iwillbewaitingforyouathome.

—______Iwerebusyandcouldn’tcome?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatif

B.Whatwhen

C.Howif

D.Howwhen

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)whatif“假使……將會(huì)怎么樣”，B項(xiàng)whatwhen沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法，C項(xiàng)howif一般都會(huì)分開(kāi)使用，即how…if…表示“如果……將會(huì)怎么樣”，D項(xiàng)howwhen也沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。根據(jù)句子情景可知，A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我在家等你。如果我很忙不能來(lái)怎么辦？因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Ifthedisputeisnotsettledina(n)_______waysoon,thetwocountrieswillcertainlygotowar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amiable

B.amicable

C.inimical

D.unfriendly

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)amiable“親切友好的”；B選項(xiàng)amicable“心平氣和的”；C選項(xiàng)inimical“對(duì)……有害的；敵意的”；D選項(xiàng)unfriendly“不友好的”。句意：如果爭(zhēng)端不盡快以_______的方式解決，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家肯定會(huì)開(kāi)戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指如果沒(méi)有妥善解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，就會(huì)引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，amicable“心平氣和的”方式放在這里比較合適。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

24.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtleshavestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlingsdowntothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.

Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.

Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness”(Line1,Para.2)?

3.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?

4.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinction

B.humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurvive.

C.marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction

D.effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingout

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.

B.Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.

C.Theturtlepopulationhaddecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.

D.Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theirlowerreproductivelyability.

B.Theirinadequatefoodsupply.

C.Contaminationofseawater

D.Unregulatedcommercialfishing.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.

B.Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.

C.Ittakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperature.

D.Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“政府的官僚作風(fēng)導(dǎo)致了海龜?shù)臏缃^”；B選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)改變了海龜?shù)纳娣绞??！?；C選項(xiàng)“海洋生物學(xué)家正在尋找海龜繁殖的秘密”；D選項(xiàng)“人們已經(jīng)采取措施保護(hù)海龜免于滅絕”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

（人們對(duì)它們給予了如此多的關(guān)注，你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這些生物至少會(huì)心存感激，不會(huì)走向滅絕。）這里可知答案選D。B、C選項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有提及；根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句話AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines（為了保護(hù)它們?cè)诖笪餮笱匕兜闹饕驳?，政府已?jīng)豎起了一道強(qiáng)大的官僚主義墻）A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

第2題:推理判斷題。題干：作者說(shuō)“大自然對(duì)人類(lèi)的公平觀念漠不關(guān)心”的意圖是什么。A選項(xiàng)“大自然的進(jìn)程不會(huì)因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)的干擾而改變”；B選項(xiàng)“在海歸的存活上大自然還是很公平的”；C選項(xiàng)“盡管人類(lèi)在保護(hù)它但是海龜?shù)臄?shù)量在減少”；D選項(xiàng)“海龜天然地對(duì)人類(lèi)活動(dòng)不感興趣”。根據(jù)第二段第一句…areportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,…（……魚(yú)類(lèi)及野生動(dòng)物管理局的一份報(bào)告顯示，北大西洋幾種海龜?shù)臄?shù)量出現(xiàn)了令人擔(dān)憂的下降……）從這里可知答案選C，其他選項(xiàng)，第二自然段沒(méi)有提及。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：伊麗莎白?格里芬認(rèn)為什么是對(duì)海龜生存的主要威脅。A選項(xiàng)“他們的生育能力低”；B選項(xiàng)“他們的食物不足”；C選項(xiàng)“污染的海水”；D選項(xiàng)“無(wú)節(jié)制的商業(yè)捕魚(yú)”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二、三句話…wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.（……我們忽視了在海洋中度過(guò)的歲月?！巴{來(lái)自商業(yè)捕魚(yú)，”格里芬說(shuō)。拖網(wǎng)漁船（在水中和海底拖著大網(wǎng)）和長(zhǎng)線漁船（可以在魚(yú)線上部署數(shù)千個(gè)魚(yú)鉤，可以延伸數(shù)英里）對(duì)海龜造成嚴(yán)重傷害。），因此，答案選D。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：氣候變暖對(duì)海龜有什么影響。A選項(xiàng)“不斷上升的海平面使它們的幼崽難以生長(zhǎng)?！?；B選項(xiàng)“它威脅著它們產(chǎn)卵的沙灘”；C選項(xiàng)“它們需要更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)海灘的高溫”；D選項(xiàng)“不斷變化的氣候使它們的卵難以孵化”。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.（海龜產(chǎn)卵的狹長(zhǎng)海灘一邊因開(kāi)發(fā)而受到擠壓，另一邊則因海洋變暖而面臨海平面上升的威脅。）所以答案選B。

25.單選題

TheChinesevolleyballteamannouncedthattheywouldnot（

）firstplacetoanyteam.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.yell

B.yield

C.yoke

D.yearn

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)yell“叫喊，大聲叫”；B選項(xiàng)yield“屈服，投降，讓步，放棄”；C選項(xiàng)yoke“給……上軛，強(qiáng)行；使結(jié)合，使聯(lián)合”；D選項(xiàng)yearn“渴望，渴求”。由firstplace（第一名）可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：中國(guó)排球隊(duì)宣布他們不會(huì)把第一名讓給任何一支球隊(duì)。

26.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Whathopesandfearsdoesthescientificmethodimplyformankind?Idonotthinkthatthisistherightwaytoputthequestion.Whateverthistoolinthehandofmenwillproducedependsentirelyonthenatureofthegoalsaliveinthismankind.Oncethesegoalsexist,thescientificmethodfurnishesmeanstorealizethem.Yetitcannotfurnishtheverygoals.Thescientificmethoditselfwouldnothaveledanywhere.Itwouldnotevenhavebeenbornwithoutapassionatestrivingforclearunderstanding.

Perceptionofmeansandconfusionofgoalsseem,inmyopinion,tocharacterizeourage,ifwedesiresincerelyandpassionatelythesafety,thewelfareandthefreedevelopmentofthetalentsofallmen,weshallnotbeinwantofthemeanstoapproachsuchastate.Evenifonlyasmallpartofmankindstrivesforsuchgoals,theirsuperioritywillproveitselfinthelongrun.

Followingdifferentapproaches:a19th-centuryRussianPhysiologist(I.M.Sechenov),theU.S.founderofthebehavioristschoolofpsychology(J.R.Watson),anda20th-centurySwissdevelopmentalpsychologist(Piaget)allarrivedattheconclusionthattheactivitiesthatserveaselementsofthinkingareinternalizedoffractionalversionsofmotorresponses;thatis,theelementsareconsideredtobeattenuatedorcurtailedvariantsofneuromuscularprocessesthat,iftheywerenotsubjectedtopartialinhibition,wouldgiverisetovisiblebodilymovements.

【答案】

科學(xué)方法為人類(lèi)隱含著什么希望和恐懼呢？我認(rèn)為這樣提出這個(gè)問(wèn)題是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?。人?lèi)使用手中的工具生產(chǎn)出什么完全取決于人類(lèi)存在的目標(biāo)的本質(zhì)。一旦這些目標(biāo)存在，科學(xué)方法提供手段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)它們。但是不能提供目標(biāo)本身?？茖W(xué)方法本身不能產(chǎn)生任何影響。而且，只有充滿激情地去努力尋找正確的理解科學(xué)方法才會(huì)產(chǎn)生。

在我看來(lái)，對(duì)于方法的感知和目標(biāo)的困惑看起來(lái)是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的特征。如果我們真心實(shí)意并且熱情地希望整個(gè)人類(lèi)能夠生活在一個(gè)安全、好福利并且自由發(fā)展的社會(huì)，我們就不會(huì)缺少達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)的方法。即使只有少部分人追求這個(gè)目標(biāo)，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，它們的優(yōu)勢(shì)將會(huì)被證明。

19世紀(jì)俄國(guó)生理學(xué)家（謝東諾夫）、美國(guó)行為主義心理學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人（華生）與20世紀(jì)瑞士發(fā)展心理學(xué)家（皮亞杰）采用不同的方法，得出了同樣的結(jié)論，那就是充當(dāng)思考要素的行為是內(nèi)化的或者微小的運(yùn)動(dòng)反應(yīng)，也就是說(shuō)這些要素被認(rèn)為是神經(jīng)肌肉過(guò)程的縮小體，如果它們沒(méi)有受到部分抑制，會(huì)產(chǎn)生可見(jiàn)的身體運(yùn)動(dòng)。

27.寫(xiě)作題

Directions:ForthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthefollowingtopicOnPayingbackstudentLoans.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.現(xiàn)今，在高校通過(guò)助學(xué)貸款完成學(xué)業(yè)的學(xué)生越來(lái)越多。

2.但是有些學(xué)生畢業(yè)后沒(méi)有能力或拒絕按時(shí)還貸。

3.你認(rèn)為貸款的學(xué)生應(yīng)如何對(duì)待還貸問(wèn)題。

【答案】略

28.單選題

Sinceourresearchsofarhasnotproducedanyanswerstothisproblem,weneedtoadoptadifferent（

）toit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.manner

C.style

D.approach

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。method“方法，辦法”,后+of；manner“方式，態(tài)度”，后+of；style“風(fēng)格，方式”，后+of；approach“方法，途徑”，后+to。句意：既然我們目前的研究沒(méi)有得出任何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案，我們需要換一種方式了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

29.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Herhousehasnotbeenrepairedintime.

B.Shehasfailedtoreachthemanageragain.

C.Herclaimhasbeencompletelydisregarded.

D.Shehasnotreceivedanyletterfromtheman.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thegroundflooroftheircottagewasfloo