書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川應用技術職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Imaginationand（

）ofamanagerwillhelpmakethebusinessasuccess.

問題1選項

A.simplicity

B.sophistication

C.innovation

D.condescension

【答案】C

【解析】simplicity樸素，簡易，天真；sophistication復雜，老于世故；innovation創(chuàng)新，革新；condescension謙卑，屈尊。句意：經理的想象力和創(chuàng)新將有助于商業(yè)的成功。選項C符合語境。

2.填空題

Mygrandfather’sheavyFujianaccent（1）hisChinesehardtounderstand（2）times.Ilovetotalktohim,butIoften（3）tounderstandthingshesays,soIhavetoaskhimto（4）.Thisdoesn’t（5）him,,butitdoesme.Whenmymotherisaround,shehelpswhenshe（6）thatI’mhavingtrouble.TheproblemisthatI’venever（7）

anytimeinthesmalltown（8）theFujianoastwheremygrandfather（9）up.Mymother,whoalsolivedtheretillshewaseight,saysitsabeautifulplace.SheandIhavediscussedthepossibilityof（10）thetownwhilemygrandfatherisstillhealthy（11）tomakethetrip.Heisin（12）lateseventiesnowbutheleadsaveryactivelifeandhismindisassharpasever.

大意:

有時，我祖父明顯的福建口音使他的中文很難讓人理解。我喜歡和他說話，但是，我經常不理解他說的，所以我會要他再重復一遍。這并不困擾他，但是困擾我。當我媽媽在旁邊時，當她發(fā)現我陷入麻煩時，她會幫我。問題是我從未在祖父長大的福建海岸附近的小鎮(zhèn)上度過多少時光。我的媽媽也在那住到8歲，她說那個地方很美。我和媽媽己經討論拜訪這個小鎮(zhèn)的可能性了，在我祖父的身體仍然很健康，能出去旅游的時候。但是，在他快80歲的時候，他的生活過得非常積極，他的思維和以前一樣敏銳。

【答案】1.makes

2.at

3.fail

4.repeat

5.trouble

6.find

7.spent

8.near

9.grew

10.visiting

11.enough

12.his

【解析】1.詞匯題。句意:我祖父明顯的福建口音使他的中文讓人很難理解。

2.固定搭配。Attimes有時候。

3.固定搭配。Failto不能/未能。

4.詞匯題。句意:我經常不理解他說的，所以我會要他再重復一遍。

5.詞匯題。前文說到聽不懂祖父說的話,空格后面說“butitdoesme”，可知前文是說這件事并不困擾他祖父。

6.詞匯題。句意:當她發(fā)現我陷入麻煩時，她會幫我。

7.詞匯題。此處應填動詞,賓語是anytime，根據前面的have判斷時態(tài)為現在完成時,故填spent。

8.詞匯題。句意:問題是我從未在祖父長大的福建海岸附近的小鎮(zhèn)上度過多少時光。因此此處缺少表示地點的介詞。

9.固定搭配。Growup長大。此處應為一般過去時。

10.詞匯題。句意:我和媽媽己經討論拜訪這個小鎮(zhèn)的可能性了。

11.詞匯題。句意:在我祖父的身體仍然很健康。這里用enough修飾healthy,表示很健康。

12.固定搭配。Inone’slateseventies在…快八十歲的時候,這里主人公為祖父,因此填入his。

3.填空題

Ourresearchteamis（1）tocompleteamajorproject.Ourfindingswillbe（2）inaseriesofarticlesscheduledtoappearnextyear.Iwillalso（3）theresultsataconferencebeing（4）inSydneylaterthisyear.

句意:我們的研究小組將要完成一個重點項目。我們的研究成果將發(fā)表在一系列計劃明年出現的文章中。隨后我也將在今年的悉尼會議上公布這些成果。

【答案】1.going

2.published

3.announce

4.held

【解析】1.固定搭配。Begoingtodo將要。

2.語義題。發(fā)表用publish,此處為被動語態(tài)，故用published。

3.語義題。此處表示“公布成果”。

4.固定搭配。holdaconference舉辦會議。這里是被動語態(tài)故用held。

4.單選題

Thevalueofabusinessincreasinglyliesnotinphysicalandfinancialassetsthatareonthebalancesheet,butinintangibles:brands,patents,franchises,software,researchprograms,ideasandexpertise.Fewfirmstrytomeasurereturnsontheseassets,letalonepublishinformationonthem.Yettheyareoftenwhatunderliesafirm'ssuccess.“Ourprimaryassets,whichareoursoftwareandoursoftware-developmentskills,donotshowuponthebalancesheetatall,”saysMicrosoft’sboss,BillGates.“Thisisprobablynotveryenlighteningfromapurelyaccountingpointofview.”

Asignthatcompaniesdonotmeasuretheirassetsproperlymaybethegrowinggapbetweentheirstock-marketvalueandthebookvalueoftheirassets.Between1973and1993,themedianratioofmarketvaluestobookvaluesofAmericanpubliccompaniesdoubles;thedifferencehasgrownwithaboominhigh-techshares.Thegapisbiggestforcompaniesthathavemostrapidlyboostedspendingonresearchanddevelopment（R&D）.Evenwithinindustries,thedivergence（分歧）betweenstock-marketreturnsandreportedearningshasincreased.

Youmightthinkthiswouldpresentaproblemforinvestors,whonolongerhaveagoodwayoftellingwhetherthemarketvalueofacompanyissoundlybased.Yetinvestorsseemtoknowinstinctivelythatknowledgeisvaluable.35.AstudyhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhentheybuyforeignsubsidiaries,butitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.Presumablyinvestorsunderstandthatcompaniesinknowledge-basedbusinessescanexploitthemagicofrisingreturnstoscale.Onceapillorasoftwareprogramisdeveloped,eachextrasalebringsinmoremoneyatlittleextracost:thebiggerthemarket,thegreatertheprofits.

Infact,theabsenceofgoodmeasuresmaybotherthosewhorunfirmsmorethanthosewhoinvestinthem.Formanagers,thebigproblemishowtojudgeratesofreturn.Withbuildingafactory,therearetime-honoredmethodsforcalculatingthepayback.ButwhatifyouareinvestinginR&Dorsoftware,ordecidingwhethertobuybetterpeopleortotrainmore?Therearen’ttoolsformakingsuchdecisions.

1.Theintangiblesofacompanyarereflectedin（）.

2.WhatcanweinferaboutMicrosoft?

3.WhydoesthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsrise?

4.Aninvestorwhobuysstocksofacompanyinknowledge-basedbusinessesbaseshisecisionon（）.

5.Thephrase“suchdecisionsn（Para.4）refersto（）.

問題1選項

A.physicalandfinancialassets

B.stock-marketvalue

C.thebalancesheet

D.thedifferencebetweenthestock-marketvalueandthebookvalue

問題2選項

A.Ithasnobook-valueassets.

B.Itsstock-marketvalueequalsitsbookvalue.

C.There’sagreatgapbetweenitsstock-marketvalueandbookvalue.

D.Itsstock-marketvaluedoesnotreflectthecompany’srealvalue

問題3選項

A.Becausetheybuyforeignsubsidiaries

B.Becausetheyinvestmuchinintangibleassets.

C.BecausetheyhavelowR&Dspending

D.Becausetheinvestorsknowthemethodsforcalculatingthepaybackofknowledge-basedbusinesses

問題4選項

A.purespeculation（投機）

B.thecompany’sbookvalue

C.whetherthecompanybuysforeignsubsidiaries

D.theprospectthatitsresearchwilltranslateintolowcostproducts

問題5選項

A.unningfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

B.nvestinginfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

C.udgingratesofreturnonfirmsinknowledge-basedbusinesses

D.alculatingreturnsonanewly-builtfactory

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Thevalueofabusinessincreasinglyliesnotinphysicalandfinancialassetsthatareonthebalancesheet,butinintangibles:brands,patents,franchises,software,researchprograms,ideasandexpertise.企業(yè)的價值越來越不在于資產負債表上的有形資產和金融資產，而在于無形資產：品牌、專利、特許經營權、軟件、研究項目、創(chuàng)意和專業(yè)技能?？芍狝BC三項都不對。故D項正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“Ourprimaryassets,whichareoursoftwareandoursoftware-developmentskills,donotshowuponthebalancesheetatall,”saysMicrosoft’sboss,BillGates.“Thisisprobablynotveryenlighteningfromapurelyaccountingpointofview.我們的主要資產，也就是我們的軟件和軟件開發(fā)技能，根本沒有出現在資產負債表上?！皬募兇獾臅嫿嵌葋砜?，這可能不是很有啟發(fā)性?！笨芍狣項“其股票市值并不能反映公司的實際價值”正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“AstudyhasfoundthatthesharepriceofAmericanmultinationalsthatspendheavilyonR&Driseswhentheybuyforeignsubsidiaries,butitfallswhenamultinationalwithlowR&Dspendingbuysabroad.一項研究發(fā)現，在研發(fā)上投入巨資的美國跨國公司在收購外國子公司時，其股價會上漲，但當研發(fā)支出較低的跨國公司在海外收購時，其股價會下跌?？芍鐕驹谑召徍Ｍ庾庸緯r，股價的升降取決于該公司在研發(fā)方面的投入力度，也就是對無形資產的投入力度。故B項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第三段“Presumablyinvestorsunderstandthatcompaniesinknowledge-basedbusinessescanexploitthemagicofrisingreturnstoscale.Onceapillorasoftwareprogramisdeveloped,eachextrasalebringsinmoremoneyatlittleextracost:thebiggerthemarket,thegreatertheprofits.想必投資者明白，在以知識為基礎的企業(yè)中，企業(yè)可以利用不斷增長的回報來擴大規(guī)模。一旦開發(fā)出一種藥丸或一個軟件程序，每一筆額外銷售都能以很少的額外成本帶來更多的收入：市場越大，利潤就越大。”可知D項“其研究成果轉化為低成本產品的前景”正確。

5.詞義題。聯系上下文“Formanagers,thebigproblemishowtojudgeratesofreturn.Withbuildingafactory,therearetime-honoredmethodsforcalculatingthepayback.ButwhatifyouareinvestinginR&Dorsoftware,ordecidingwhethertobuybetterpeopleortotrainmore?Therearen’ttoolsformakingsuchdecisions.對于經理來說，最大的問題是如何判斷回報率。建造一個工廠，有計算回報的歷史悠久的方法。但如果你投資于研發(fā)或軟件，或者決定是雇傭更好的人或者培訓更多的人呢?沒有工具來做這樣的決定?？芍猻uchdecisions指代在知識型企業(yè)如何判斷回報率的問題。故C項正確。

5.寫作題

Directions:Forthissection,youareaskedtoreadthefollowingshortpassagefirstandthentowriteacompositionentitled''WhichoneDoYouThinkIsMoreImportant,PleasureorLongevity?"Youshouldnotcopyanyofthesentencesinthefollowingpassage.Youshouldwritenolessthan150words.RemembertowriteclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.（15%）（Justforyourreference）

Peoplearealmostphobic（恐懼癥）abouthavingfun.increasinglyviewingthemselvesasfragile,vulnerable,readytodevelopcancerorheartdiseaseattheslightestprovocation（刺激）.Inthenameofhealth,peoplegiveupmanyoftheirlifeenjoyments.Wehavenoquarrelwiththeevidencethatsomepleasures,likecigarettesmoking,highalcoholconsumption,addictivedrugs,drivingmuchtoofast,areunhealthyandshouldbeknockedoff.Butworryingtoomuchaboutanythingincludingcalories,salt,cancer,andcholesterol（膽固醇）canrobyourlifeofvitality.Livingoptimistically,withpleasure,zest,andcommitmentenrichesifnotlengthenslife.

Doyouagreetotheabovepointofview?Whichonedoyouthinkismoreimportant,pleasureorlongevity（長壽）?GiveyourowncommentsandwritethemdownontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

6.單選題

Someoftheonlineservicesarefree,whileothers（

）acharge.

問題1選項

A.carry

B.cashier

C.coincide

D.collect

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項carry“拿，運送，攜帶”；B選項cashier“開除，解雇”；C選項coincide“同時發(fā)生，相符，一致”；D選項collect“收集，收藏，收取”。while表示對比關系，由Someoftheonlineservicesarefree（一些在線服務是免費的）可知其它一些是收費的，因此選D。句意：有些在線服務是免費的，有些則收取費用。

7.單選題

Thiskindofsongbirdsleepsmuchlessduringitsannual（）,butthatdoesn’tseemtoaffectitsflying.

問題1選項

A.migration

B.emigration

C.conveyance

D.transference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項migration“遷移；移民”；B選項emigration“移民；移民出境”；C選項conveyance“運輸；運輸工具”；D選項transference“轉移；轉讓”。句意：這種太陽鳥在一年一度的遷徙期間睡眠極度減少，但是這并不影響其飛行。由空格前的關鍵詞“annual年度的，每年的”可知“遷移”符合句意，因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

Herknowledgeandexperiencewouldmakehera(n)（）assettotheteam.

問題1選項

A.worthless

B.priceless

C.valueless

D.inexpensive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。worthless“不值錢的，無價值的”；priceless“無價的，極貴重的”；valueless“無價值的，微不足道的”；inexpensive“便宜的”。句意：她的學識和經驗將成為團隊無價的資產。選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

These______attacksdisturbedusandweconsultedaphysician.

問題1選項

A.recurrent

B.sinister

C.affected

D.morbid

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項recurrent“復發(fā)的，周期性的”，B項sinister“陰險的，兇兆的”，C項affected“受到影響的，做作的”，D項morbid“病態(tài)的，由病引起的，恐怖的”。根據關鍵信息weconsultedaphysician“我們咨詢了醫(yī)生”可知attack表示“疾病發(fā)作”；所以空格處填入recurrent符合句意。句意：這些反復發(fā)作的癥狀困擾著我們，我們去看了醫(yī)生。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

10.單選題

Flood,（）andfaminearenaturaldisastersoftenfacingthepeopleinthepeninsula.

問題1選項

A.war

B.sanction

C.overpopulation

D.drought

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項war“戰(zhàn)爭，斗爭，軍事，競爭”；B選項sanction“制裁，處罰，認可，支持”；C選項overpopulation“人口過?！?；D選項drought“干旱，久旱”。句意：洪水、（）和饑荒是半島人民經常面臨的自然災害。題干中主要談論naturaldisasters自然災害，空格前后也都是自然因素。因此D選項正確。

11.單選題

Anargumentwas（

）becausetheydislikeeachothersomuch.

問題1選項

A.ridiculous

B.inevitable

C.excessive

D.conservative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ridiculous“荒唐的，荒謬的”；inevitable“不可避免的”；excessive“過量的”；conservative“保守的”。句意：由于他們彼此都很討厭對方,所以爭論就難以避免。根據上下文關系可知B項符合句意，答案B

12.單選題

OscarWildesaidthatworkistherefugeofpeoplewhohavenothingbettertodo.Ifso,Americansarenowamongtheworld'ssaddestrefugees.FactoryworkersintheUnitedStatesareworkinglongerhoursthanatanytimeinthepasthalf-century.Americaonceledtherichworldincuttingtheaverageworkingweek-from70hoursin1850tolessthan40hoursbythe1950s.Itseemednaturalthataspeoplegrewrichertheywouldtradeextrasearningsformoreleisure.Sincethe1970s,however,thehoursclockedupbyAmericanworkershaverisentoanaverageof42thisyearinmanufacturing.

Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:Americansarespendingmoretimeatworkthantheydid20yearsago.Executivesandlawyersboastof80-hourweeks.Onholiday,theyseekoutfaxmachinesandphonesaseagerlyasGermansbagthebestsun-loungers.YetworkingtimeinEuropeandJapancontinuestofall.InGermany'sengineeringindustrytheworkingweekistobetrimmedfrom36to35hoursnextyearMostGermansgetsixweeks’paidannualholiday,eventheJapanesenowtakethreeweeks.Americansstillmakedowithjusttwo.

Germanyrespondstothiscontrastwithitsusualconcernaboutwhetherpeople'saversiontoworkisdamagingitscompetitiveness.YetGermanworkers,liketheJapanese,seemtobeactingsensibly:astheirincomesrise,theycanachieveabetterstandardoflivingwithfewerhoursofwork.ThepuzzleiswhyAmerica,theworld'srichestcountry,seesthingsdifferently.Itisapuzzlewithsinistersocialimplications.Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?

SomeexplanationsforAmerica’stimeatworkfailtostanduptoscrutiny.Oneblamesweaktradeunionsthatleaveworkersopentoexploitation.Areworkersbeingforcedbycost-cuttingfirmstotoilharderjusttokeeptheirjobs?ArecentstudybytwoAmericaneconomists,RichardFreemanandLindaBell,suggestsnot:whenasked,Americansactuallywanttoworklongerhours.MostGermanworkers,incontrast,wouldratherworkless.

Then,whydoAmericanswanttoworkharder?OnereasonmaybethattherealearningsofmanyAmericanshavebeenstagnantorfallingduringthepasttwodecades.Peopleworklongermerelytomaintaintheirlivingstandards.Yetmanyhigherskilledworkers,whohaveenjoyedbigincreasesintheirrealpay,havebeenworkinghardertoo.Also,onereasonfortheslowgrowthofwageshasbeentherapidgrowthinemployment-whichismoreorlesswheretheargumentbegan.

Taxesmayhavesomethingtodowithit.PeoplewhoworkanextrahourinAmericaareallowedtokeepmoreoftheirmoneythanthosewhodothesameinGermany.FallsinmarginaltaxratesinAmericasincethe1970shavemadeitallthemoreprofitabletoworklonger.

Noneoftheseanswersreallyexplainswhythecentury-longdeclineinworkinghourshasgoneintoreverseinAmericabutnotelsewhere(thoughBritainshowsignsoffollowingAmerica’slead).Perhapsculturaldifferences--thelastrefugeofthedefeatedeconomistsareatplay.Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,theirincentivetoworkwouldbeeroded,likelionsrelaxingafterakill.Buthumansaremoresusceptibletoadvertisingthanlions.Perhapsclevermarketinghasensuredthat“basicneeds”--forashowerwithbuilt-inTV,forarocket-propelledcar—expandcontinuously.ShoppingisalreadyoneofAmerica’smostpopularpastimes.Butitrequiresmoney—hencemoreworkandlessleisure.Ortrythis,thetelevisionisnotverygood,andbaseballandhockeykeepbeingwipedoutbystrikes.PerhapsWildewasright.MaybeAmericanshavenothingbettertodo.

1.IntheUnitedStates,workinglongerhoursis（

）.

2.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichmightbeoneoftheconsequencesofworkinglongerhours?

3.Whichofthefollowingisthecauseofworkinglongerhoursstatedbythewriter?

問題1選項

A.confinedtothemanufacturingindustry

B.atraditionalpracticeinsomesectors

C.prevalentinallsectorsofsociety

D.favoredbytheeconomists

問題2選項

A.Riseinemployees’workingefficiency

B.Riseinthenumberofyoungoffenders

C.Riseinpeople’slivingstandards

D.Riseincompetitiveness

問題3選項

A.Expansionofbasicneeds

B.Culturaldifferences

C.Increaseinrealearnings

D.Advertising

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據第二段第一句“Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutsidemanufacturing:...幾項研究表明，制造業(yè)以外也在發(fā)生類似的事情:...”也就是說，除了制造業(yè)，美國其他行業(yè)里工作時間也很長，所以選項C正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據第三段最后兩句“Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildrenwhomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Isitjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?父母花在孩子身上的時間更少，他們（孩子）可能會被長時間的留在家里。青少年犯罪呈上升趨勢，這僅僅是個巧合嗎?”由此可知，長時間工作的結果將會導致青少年犯罪數量的增加。選項B符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據最后一段的內容“這些答案都不能真正解釋為什么美國的工作時間長達一個世紀的下降趨勢已經逆轉，而其他地方卻沒有(盡管英國有跡象表明正在步美國的后塵)。也許文化差異——失敗經濟學家的最后避難所——正在發(fā)揮作用?！边@里提到文化差異的問題，但這并不是美國人長時間工作的原因。下文提到“Economistsusedtobelievethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowforafewluxuries,...經濟學家過去認為，一旦工人掙到足夠的錢來滿足他們的基本需求和一些奢侈品...”由此可知，真正的原因是為了擴大基本需求，所以選項A正確。

13.翻譯題

“Allnatureismeanttomakeusthinkofparadise,”ThomasMertonobserved.BecausetheCreationputsonanonstopshow,beautyisfreeandinexhaustible,butweneedtraininginordertoperceivemorethanthemostobviouskinds.Even15billionyearsorsoaftertheBigBang,echoesofthateventstilllingerintheformofbackgroundradiation,onlyafewdegreesaboveabsolutezero.Lustso,Ibelieve,theexperienceofbeautyisanechooftheorderandpowerthatpermeatetheuniverse.Tomeasurebackgroundradiation,weneedsubtleinstruments;tomeasurebeauty,weneedalertintelligenceandourfivekeensenses.

Anyonewitheyescantakedelightinafaceoraflower.Youneedtraining,however,toperceivethebeautyinmathematicsorphysicsorchess,inthearchitectureofatree,thedesignofabird’swing,ortheshiverofbreaththroughaflute.Formostofhumanhistory,thetraininghasfromelderswhotaughttheyounghowtopayattention.Bypayingattention;welearntosavorallsortsofpatterns,fromquantummechanicstopatchworkquilts.Thispredilectionbringswithitaclearevolutionaryadvantage,fortheabilitytorecognizepatternshelpedourancestorstoselectmates,findfood,avoidpredators.Butthesameadvantagewouldapplytoallspecies,andyetwealonecomposesymphoniesandcrosswordpuzzles,carvestoneintostatus,maptimeandspace.

【答案】托馬斯?默頓曾感言：“天地萬物欲使我們想到天堂。”上天造物，生生不息，猶如連番上演的舞臺劇，美亦展示得無拘無朿、無窮無盡。若要從最顯見的物類中獲得更多美的感悟，則須經專門訓練。即使在宇宙大爆炸的一百五十億年后，其反射仍以背景輻射的形式，略略徘徊于絕對零度之上。正因為此，人們對美的體驗，實則是對宇宙間無處不在的秩序與力量的回應。測量背景輻射，要有精巧的儀器；體驗美，則需機敏的智能與敏銳的五官了。

凡眼見于俏臉、鮮花，無人不覺賞心悅目。然而，要參透數學、物理或棋弈之美，欣賞樹之有形、鳥之翼趣，乃至對長笛奏出的悠悠顫音心領祌會，則必經專門訓練方可體味。在人類大部歷史上，這種訓練就是學會如何觀察，歷來由長者教之于幼者。通過觀察，人類學會鑒賞天地萬化之模式，從量子力學到百納被無所不包。此癡情所至，亦使人類在進化過程中占盡先機，能辨萬化之象，有助于先人們擇偶、覓食，逃避猛獸。按理，同一進化優(yōu)勢本應造福世間一切物種，然惟獨人類能譜出交響曲、制作填字游戲、創(chuàng)造石雕藝術、標示時空天體。

那么，是人類為獲敏銳的感知而一味將其動物的本能需求推向了乖戾之極致，還是人腦構造與宇宙天體碰巧契合呢？

14.單選題

Itisimpossibleforusto（）suchadifficulttaskwithinthelimitedtime.

問題1選項

A.fuel

B.frown

C.fulfill

D.frost

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項fuel“供以燃料，推動”。B選項frown“皺眉，不同意”。C選項fulfill“履行，完成”。D選項frost“結霜，凍壞”。句意：我們不可能在有限的時間內完成如此艱巨的任務。因此C選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Shallowpoolsofwaterareliabletoattractmosquitoesandother（）.

問題1選項

A.insects

B.flies

C.garbage

D.garage

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。insects昆蟲;flies蒼蠅;garbage垃圾;garage倉庫。句意：淺水區(qū)容易吸引蚊子和其他昆蟲。選項A符合句意。

16.單選題

Researchfindingsshowwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwe（

）duringtheday.

問題1選項

A.shouldhavedone

B.mayhavedone

C.wouldhavedone

D.musthavedone

【答案】B

【解析】句意:研究表明，無論白天做了什么，我們每晚睡覺時都會有兩個小時的時間在做夢。

語法題?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞+havedone。shouldhavedone表示“本該發(fā)生而實際上未發(fā)生”；mayhavedone表示“對過去發(fā)生的行為的一種推測”；wouldhavedone表示“本來會做某事，但實際沒有做成”；musthavedone表示“對過去事情的肯定推測”。故選B。

17.單選題

Theseseatsare（

）foroldandsickpeople.

問題1選項

A.conserved

B.deserved

C.preserved

D.reserved

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項conserved“保存，保全”；B選項deserved“值得”；C選項preserved“保藏”；D選項reserved“保留”。句意：這些座位是留給老人和病人的。bereservedfor意為“為…保留”，所以選項D符合句意。

18.單選題

Engines[A]usedinspaceshuttlesare[B]muchlargerand[C]morestrongthanthe[D]onesusedinthecars.

問題1選項

A.used

B.muchlarger

C.morestrong

D.ones

【答案】C

【解析】【考查點】比較級用法。

【解題思路】Strong的比較級是在其后面直接加er，所以要把morestrong改為stronger。該題選擇C項。

【句意】航天飛機上使用的發(fā)動機比汽車上使用的要大得多，也更堅固。

19.單選題

Mymotherraisedmeasbestasshecould,takingonoddjobsintheneighborhoodformoney.Stillwithoutafathertotellmehowtoactandwhatwasexpectedofme,Ifeltlost.IwanderedforyearsandgotinvolvedwithtoughguysontheEastSideofNewYork.Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.Iwantedtobelikethem.

ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,afterfollowingmymother’sadvice.Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,andmythoughtsoftenrantomymother.IrealizedsuddenlyjusthowmuchofaheartacheImusthavebeentoher,howlittleIhadnoticedhersuffering.Whenmyfatherleftthisworld,mymotherwascompletelyalone.Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.Andassheworkedhardatthislabor,shekeptherheadhigh.Eachweekshewouldbringapileofbookshomefromthelibraryandreadtous.Mymotherhadwantednothingmorethanformetoturnintoanhonestresponsibleman.ButIhadactedagainsther.Finally,almosttoolateIhadthesensetofeelshame.

TenyearspassedandIreturnedtotheapartmentontheEastSide.IknewIwouldn’tfallbackinwiththewrongpeople,althoughIstillwasn’tsurewhereIwasheading.Mymother,Icouldtellwasworriedaboutme.Inmyneighborhood,tobecomeapoliceofficerorafirefighterwasamarkofsignificantsocialsuccessandachievement.Formeitwasanopportunityforarealstartinlife.IwonderedifIwasuptoit,butIknewthatitwastimetotry.WhenIfoundmyselfinthebighallraisingmyhandstotakethefirefighter’soathofoffice,mymotherwassittingafewrowsbehindwithasmileofrelief.SheknewthatatlastIwasoffonlife’sroadandmovingsteadily.Hersmilesaid,“Myjobisfinallydone.”

1.Fromthisstory,wemayguessthattheEastSideofNewYorkmustbea（）area.

2.Theauthorusedtobehavehimself（）.

3.Fromthecontext,weunderstandthat“oddjobs”inthefirstparagraphrefertojobs（）.

4.Inthefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthorsays“Itwasluckyformethat...”Theluckyexperiencehetalksabouthereishisexperienceof（）.

5.WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.commercial

B.rich

C.poor

D.distant

問題2選項

A.oddly

B.toughly

C.remarkably

D.badly

問題3選項

A.ofcleaning,washingandironing

B.whicharenotregularorfixed

C.whichonecanmakeextramoneywith

D.withhousework

問題4選項

A.thethreeyearsofmilitaryservice

B.leavingaworldofdiscipline

C.leavingthecityandhismother

D.fightingwithtoughguys

問題5選項

A.Afterherhusbanddied,hismotherdidallavailablejobstosupportthefamily.

B.Theauthorwassurprisedthathewasacceptedasafirefighter.

C.Theauthorfinallyrealizedthathismotheralwayswantedhimtobeanhonestandresponsibleman.

D.Infaceofpoverty,hismotherneverloweredherhead.Shebravelystruggledon.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據第一段“Theywouldfightmadlyoveradroppedcoin.Theywouldstealtogetwhattheywanted.”他們會為一枚掉在地上的硬幣瘋狂地打斗,他們會去偷想要的東西。由此可以推斷,這個地區(qū)很貧窮,選項C正確。

2.信息推斷題。根據第二段的首句“ItwasluckyformethatIleftthecityandenteredaworldofdiscipline,...”我很幸運,在聽從了母親的建議后,我離開了這座城市,進入了一個有紀律的世界。根據“discipline”可推測,作者以前的表現應該是badly,選項D最恰當。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據關鍵詞定位到第一段,可知“oddjobs”是母親做的工作。再根據第二段“Tosupportus,mymothercleanedapartmentsandtookinwashingandironingfromtheneighbors.”所以選項A符合原文。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據第二段的第二句“Duringthreeyearsofmilitaryservice,Ihadtimetorethinkmylife,...”可知,作者覺得幸運的經歷是在部隊服役的三年經歷。選項A正確。

5.信息推斷題。根據第二段后半部分的內容可知選項A和D正確;根據第二段最后三句“Mymotherhad...thesensetofeelshame.”可知選項C也正確;所以本題選B。

20.不定項選擇題

Twoyearsago,ateamoflinguistsplungedintotheremotehillcountryofnortheasternIndiatostudylittle-knownlanguages,manyofthemunwrittenandindangeroffallingoutofuse.

Onaverage,everytwoweeksoneoftheworld’srecorded7,000languagesbecomesextinct,andtheexpeditionwasseekingtodocumentandhelppreservetheendangeredonesintheseisolatedvillages.

AtarushingmountainriverthelinguistsenteredthetinyvillageofKichang.TheyexpectedtohearthepeoplespeakingAka,afairlycommontongueinthatdistrict.Instead,theyheardalanguagethatsoundedasdifferentfromAkaasEnglishdoesfromJapanese.Afterfurtherinvestigation,leadersoftheresearchannouncedlastweekthediscoveryofa“hidden”language,knownlocallyasKoro,completelynewtotheworldoutsidetheseruralcommunities.

WhenthethreeresearchersreachedKichang,theywentdoortodooraskingpeopletospeaktheirnativetongue.Thepeoplelivebyraisingpigsandgrowingorangesandrice.TheyshareasubsistenceeconomyandaculturewithothersintheregionwhospeakAka,orMiji,anothersomewhatcommonlanguage.Ontheveranda(陽臺)atonehouse,thelinguistsheardayoungwomannamedKachimtellingherlifestoryinKoro.Shewassoldasachildbride,wasunhappyinheradoptedvillageandhadtoovercomehardshipsbeforeeventuallymakingpeacewithhernewlife.

ThelinguistrecordedKachim’snarrativeinKoro,andanIndiantelevisioncrewhadherrepeatitinHindi.Thisnotonlyenabledtheresearchestounderstandherstoryandherlanguagebutcalledattentiontotheculturalpressuresthreateningthesurvivalofsuchlanguages,upagainstnationallanguagesdominantinschools,commerceandmassmedia.

InthelastSpeakers:TheQuesttoSavetheWorldMostEndangeredlanguages,publishedlastmonthbyNationalGeographieBooks,Dr.HarriennotedthatKorospeaker“wethoroughlymixedinwithlocalpeoplesandnumberperhapsnomorethan800”.Moreover,linguistarenotsurehowKorohassurvivedthislongasaviablelanguage.

Bycontrast,theAkapeoplenumberabout10,000livingincloserelationswithKorospeakersinadistrictofthestateofAnunschalProdesh,whereatleast120languagesarespoken.Dr.Andensonsaidthecoexistenceofseparatelanguagesbetweentwointegratedgroupsthatdonotacknowledgeanethnicdifferencebetweenthemishighlyunusual.

Theefforttoidentify“botspotofthreatenlanguages”thelinguistssaid,iscriticalinmakingdecisionstopreserveandenlargetheuseofsuchtongueswhicharetreasureofapeople’shistoryandculture.

31.WhydidagroupoflinguistsvisitthesmallvillageofnortheasternIndia?

32.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthelanguagecalledKorobynativeresidents?

33.What’stheimportantpurposeofrecordingKachim’sstoryinKoroandthentranslatingitintoHindi?

34.Inordertopreserveandenlargetheuseofthethreatenedlanguagesintheworld,itisnecessaryto（）.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項

A.BecausetheywanttotalkwithayoungwomannamedKachim.

B.Becausetheyhopedtodiscoveranoldlanguagewhichisunwritten.

C.Becausetheywantedtoinvestigatethelittle-knownlanguagesthere.

D.Becausetheyhopedtostudythehistoryandcultureofthatvillage.

問題2選項

A.ItsoundsmuchsimilartoMiji.

B.Ithasalreadyfallenoutofuse.

C.Itiscompletelynewto