主謂一致中考考點(diǎn)主謂一致是初中階段的重要語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一，從近年來中考的試題來看，對(duì)主謂一致的考查主要集中在以下內(nèi)容：1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。2、由and或bothand連接的并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如：Thepoetandwriterhascome.3、由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)之前如果分別由each,every,no修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。例如：Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.4、主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí)，盡管后面跟有but,except,besides,with,aswellas,togetherwithalongwith,like等引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一致。例如：Thewomenwithtwochildrenismyaunt.注意：主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間插入了分詞短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)要與主語(yǔ)保持一致。MrSmith,followedbyhiswifeandthreechildren,hasjustarrived.等作主5、一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。6、集體名詞family,class,team,group等看作整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；看作每一個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。7、當(dāng)表示國(guó)家，城市，人名，書名，報(bào)紙，雜志，及組織機(jī)構(gòu)等的專有名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，作為整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。TheNewYorkTimesisreadingallovertheUnitedStates.《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》8、news,maths,physics,politics等詞貌似復(fù)數(shù)，實(shí)為單數(shù)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).9、“the+形容詞”(如thepoor,therich,theyoung,theold,thedead,thesick,thebrave等)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)10、由each,some,any,no,every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用單數(shù)。11、有兩部分構(gòu)成的物體的名詞，如glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。注意：如果這類名詞前用了apairof等，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式往往取決于pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Herearesomenewpairsofshoes.Mynewpairofsocksisonthebed.12、表時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。13、不定代詞由all,most,more,some,any,none作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，也要依這些代詞表示的意義來決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如果代詞代表復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果代詞代表單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished.Allofthepeoplehavegone.14、疑問代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也有兩種情況：主語(yǔ)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；主語(yǔ)表示單數(shù)意義，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Whoisyourbrother?WhoareLeaguemembers?15、分?jǐn)?shù)（百分?jǐn)?shù)）+of+名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后面的名詞的數(shù)。但要注意population一詞，用作整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，用其部分做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式用復(fù)數(shù)。Partoftheworkhasbeendonebyus.Tenpercentoftheappleswerebad.ThepopulationofChinais13.6billionand70%ofthepopulationarepeasants.16、half,therest等表示不定數(shù)量的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果所指為復(fù)數(shù)意義，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果所指為單數(shù)意義，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如：17、由what引出的從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。但如果所指內(nèi)容為復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

18、由連詞notbut,or,either18、由連詞notbut,or,eitheror,neithernor,notonly-butalso,等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果一個(gè)是單數(shù)，一個(gè)是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按就近一致原則，與最靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致。19、Therebe句型、以here開頭的句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和靠近的主語(yǔ)一致。20、anumberof后面加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，其動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但thenumberof后面加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。21、“oneortwo+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。22、manya+單數(shù)名詞（許多）；morethanone+單數(shù)名詞（不止一）作主語(yǔ)，盡管意思是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是用單數(shù)。注意：“morethan+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)或“more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+thanone做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。Manyashiphasbeendamagedinthestorm.Morethantwentystudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.23、thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind（這種書），作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；thiskindofmen=menofthiskind=thesekindofmen（這類人，口語(yǔ)中用），但thiskindofmen的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，menofthiskind=thesekindofmen的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。allkindsof后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。Thiskindofmenisdangerous.Menofthiskindaredangerous.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與24、在定語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ)是關(guān)系代詞who,that,which,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)一致。注意：在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于one前是否有the(only)、thevery。如果有，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如沒有theonly,就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthathavebeenasked.Hewastheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaslateforschool.【技巧點(diǎn)撥】中考主謂一致方面的考題主要考知識(shí)的記憶情況。考查主謂一致的常見題型有單項(xiàng)選擇，完型填空，翻譯句子，單句改錯(cuò)，短文改錯(cuò)、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，時(shí)態(tài)填空等。做這類題時(shí)，必須找出句子的真正主語(yǔ)，然后根據(jù)記憶的知識(shí)作出判斷。同時(shí)，要遵循三個(gè)原則：語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致和就近原則?！究祭饰觥坷?:Eachofthestudentsadictionary.A.haveB.isC.areD.has剖析：此題意思是“每個(gè)學(xué)生都有一本字典"，所以先排除B、C。句中ofstudents作each的定語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是each,故又排除A。答案：D例2:Howtimeflies!Tenyearspassed.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are

剖析：Tenyears通常被看作是一個(gè)時(shí)間整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。答案：B例3:NotonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrothertotheSummerPalace.Theyhaven'tbeenback.A.havebeenB.havegoneC.hasbeenD.hasgone剖析：由notonly-butalso連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)就近原則同相鄰的主語(yǔ)保持一致，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。又因?yàn)樗麄冞€都沒有回來，所以用hasgone而不用hasbeen。答案：D例4:Look!ThereplayingwiththetouristsonDaheSquare.A.areanumberofdeerB.areanumberofdeersC.isanumberofdeerD.isanumberofdeers剖析：句子的主語(yǔ)anumberofdeer。當(dāng)anumberof+名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。因此首先排除CD,而deer單復(fù)數(shù)相同，所以B也不正確。答案：A例5:TheSmithssendinge-mailsletters.becauseitisfaster.A.prefer,towritingB.prefer,towriteC.prefers,towritingprefers,towriteC.prefers,towritingprefers,towrite剖析：姓氏名詞用復(fù)數(shù)且前面加上定冠詞時(shí)，表示一家人或一對(duì)夫婦。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。再如：Thezhousliveupstairs.（姓周的那家住在樓上）。此題答案應(yīng)在A、B中選，而短語(yǔ)preferto…中的to是一個(gè)介詞，故又排除B。答案：A例6:EveryoneexceptBillandJimtherewhenthemeetingbegan.A.wasB.isC.areD.were剖析：根據(jù)主、從復(fù)合句時(shí)態(tài)一般要一致的原則，本題首先可排除B、C,而主句主語(yǔ)含有except等時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于except前邊的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，所以D答案也不正確。答案：A例7:EitherJaneorStevenwatchingTVnow.A.wereB.isC.areD.was剖析：根據(jù)就近原則，應(yīng)排除A、C,而題中單詞now表明現(xiàn)在，所以D也不正確。答案：B例8:Since2000,Nanchanghasbecomeanewcity.Everything.A.arechangedB.waschangedC.haschangedD.hadchanged剖析：根據(jù)“不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)往往用單數(shù)”這一點(diǎn)，首先可以排除A答案。又由于change屬于不可數(shù)名詞，它沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以B也不正確。由since引出的一個(gè)含具體過去時(shí)間的句子，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案：C【實(shí)地演練】I.改錯(cuò)：Bothpaperandinkisusedup.Eatingtoomucharebadforyourhealth.Thispairofshoesaremybrother's.Eachoftheboyshaveadictionary.EveryoneofthestudentsinClassTwohavetwobooks..Ithinkmathsareverydifficulttolearn..AlargenumberofstudentshasgonetoworkinXingjiang..Themotherwithtwochildrenoftengotothetown.II.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(be)everythingOK?Nobody(know)theanswertothequestion.Tendividedbytwo(be)five.Mostofthedrinkingwater(be)fromtheBlackRiver.NotonlyshebutalsoI(do)morningexerciseseveryday.Eitheryouorshe(have)madeawrongdecision.Thefamily(be)spendingtheweekendtogether.Breadandbutter(be)herdailybreakfast.Thepolice(be)tryingtocatchthethief.Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.m.選擇填空。)19.TheremanynewwordsinLessonOne.Itisveryeasy.A.isB.aren'tC.isn'tD.are()20.---Thesebananaslookdifferentandtheyaresweet.---Right.TheyherefromTaiwanyesterday.A.wasbroughtB.werebroughtC.bringD.arebrought()21.TheOlympicGamesheldeveryyears.A.is,fourB.are,fourC.is,fiveD.are,five()22.Look,herecomesome.A.dogB.horseC.deerD.cow()23.Theinjuredinthetsunamigoodcareofbysomemedicalteams.

C.aretakingD.isbeingtakenC.aretakingD.isbeingtaken()24.ItisnotJ.K.Rowlingbutherworksthatusexcited.A.makesB.ismadeC.makeD.aremade()25.Ontheclosetapairoftrousershisparentsboughtforhisbirthday.A.lyingB.liesC.lieD.islaid()26.Eachmanandeachwomanaskedtohelpwhenthefirebrokeout.isB.wasC.areD.were()27.About60percentofthestudentsfromthesouth;therestofthemfromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are()28.Theysaidtheeighteenthandlastlessonquiteeasy.A.isB.wasC.areD.were()29.---WhenareyougoingtoKummingforyourholidays?---Ihaven'tdecided.thisSundaynextSundayisOK.A.Both;andB.Either;orC.Neither;norD.Notonly;butalso()30.HelenJoanspeaksbeautifulChineseaftertheycametoChina.A.Neither;norB.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;andD.AandB()31.Thepaperforbooksandnewpapersmadeofwood.A.areB.isC.hasD.have()32.NotonlymybrotherbutalsoIgoodatpainting.Bothofusgoodpainters.A.are...areB.am...areC.is...isD.are...is()33.ofthemhashisownopinion.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each()34.Arethereanyonthefarm?A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep()35.One-thirdoftheareacoveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetreesbeenplanted.A.are;haveB.is;hasC.is;haveD.are;

hasgreatlyincreased()36.Thenumberofteachersinourcollegelastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.hasgreatlyincreasedA.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;isA.was;isB.()37.WhatthepopulationofChina?One-thirdofthepopulationworkershere.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;is()38.Notonlyhebutalsoweright.Heaswellasweright.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;are()39.Whathe'dlikeadigitalwatch.Whathe'dliketextbooks.A.are;areis;isC.is;areD.are;A.are;areis()40.Myshirtwhiteandmytrousersblue.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;are()41.Twomonthsquitealongtime.Yes.I'mafraidthathewillmissalotoflessons.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()42.Heisoneoftheboyswhohereontime.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswhohereontime.A.hascome;havecomeB.havecome;hascomehascome;hascomeD.havecome;havecome()43.Eitheryouorheinterestedinplayingchess.youorhefondofmusicatpresent?A.are;AreB.is;AreC.are;Isis;Is()44.ManyaprofessorlookingforwardtovisitingGermanynow.Manyscientistsstudiedanimalsandplantsinthelasttwoyears.A.is;haveB.is;hasC.are;haveD.is;are()45.Aknifeandaforkonthetable.Aknifeandforkonthetable.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;are()46.Herfamilymuchlargerthanminefouryearsago.HerfamilydancingandsingingwhenIcameinlastnight.

A.were;wasB.was;wereC.was;wasD.were;were()47.Theboxofrubberswhite.A.isB.areC.beD.were()48.heoryoutocomehome?A.IsB.AreC.WillD.Can()49.Thewriterandteachercomingnow.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()50.Theoldmanhastwochildrenbutofthemliveswithhim.A.bothB.noneC.neitherD.all()51.Ourknowledgeofcomputergrowingallthetime.A.beB.isC.areD.were()52.HowandwhyJackcametoChinanotknown.Whenandwheretobuildthenewlibrarynotbeendecided.A.is;hasB.are;hasC.is;haveD.are;have()53.NowTomtogetherwithhisclassmatesfootballontheplayground.A.playB.areplayingC.playsA.playB.areplayingC.playsD.isplaying()54.Twohundredandfiftypoundstoounreasonableapriceforasecond-handcar.A.isB.areC.wereD.be()55.AllbutDickinClassThreethisterm.