考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一

介詞一、方位介詞1.圖解方位介詞

Theflagisbeyondthemountain.Itisbeyondmyreach/notwithinmyreach.考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一

介詞???1Thelittlemouseisunderthetable,soitisnoteasytofindit.那只小老鼠在桌子底下,因此不容易找到它。TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossdeserts,overmountains,

throughvalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.長(zhǎng)城從西向東越過(guò)沙漠,跨過(guò)高

山,穿過(guò)深谷,蜿蜒而行,最后直抵大海。題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞完成句子①Thesunlightcameinthrough

(穿過(guò))thewindowsintheroofandlitup

thewholeroom.②Whoistheboybeside

(在……旁邊)you?③Hedivedbelow

(到……下面)thesurfaceofthewater.Thelittlemouseisunderthe2among用于三者或三者以上之間I'llhavetosearchamongthepa-

perstofindit.我必須查找這些文件以找到

它。Chinaisamongtheoldestcoun-

triesintheworld.中國(guó)是世界上最古老的國(guó)家之

一。between一般用于兩者之間Isatbetweentwogirls.我坐在兩個(gè)女孩中間。2.among,betweenamong用于三者或三者以上之間I'llhavetos3注意

在下列情況中,between可用于三者或三者以上:(1)當(dāng)兩個(gè)以上的人或物用and連接時(shí)。betweenA,BandC在A、B和C之間(2)表示三者或三者以上的人或物兩兩之間的關(guān)系時(shí)。Don'teatbetweenmeals.正餐之間不要吃零食。(3)表示“通過(guò)共同努力,一起”時(shí)。Betweenthemtheylandedthefish.他們齊心協(xié)力把魚(yú)拖上了岸。(4)在divide,share等表示“分享”之類的動(dòng)詞之后,若接一個(gè)表示三者或

三者以上的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí),用among和between均可。Hedividedhismoneyamong/betweenhisfivesons.他把錢分給了他的5個(gè)兒子。注意

在下列情況中,between可用于三者或三者以4題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞between,among填空④Somestudentsoftenlistentomusicbetween

classestorefreshthem-

selves.⑤Eventhoughthereisacommonspiritamong

allmusicgroups,they

makeverydifferentmusic.3.in,on二者均可表示“在……上”,描述兩個(gè)物體的接觸情況。on側(cè)重于表面接

觸,而in側(cè)重于接觸的深度。英語(yǔ)中的某些習(xí)慣表達(dá)常用in或on。若打擊

某人的臉、眼、嘴、胸、腹等部位時(shí),用in,而打擊頭、額頭、鼻、耳、

頸、肩、腿等部位時(shí),用on。表示樹(shù)本身生長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的枝、葉、花、果等

“在樹(shù)上”,用onthetree,但表示樹(shù)本身以外的人或動(dòng)物“在樹(shù)上”,用in

thetree,意指被枝葉遮掩其中。題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞between,among填空5Wefoundasquareholeinthewall.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)墻上有個(gè)方洞。Theteacherpattedtheboyontheheadandcomfortedhim.老師輕輕拍著那個(gè)男孩兒的頭安慰他。Therearelotsofapplesonthetree.樹(shù)上有很多蘋(píng)果。題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞in,on填空⑥Thereisamapoftheworldon

thewall.⑦Birdsaresingingin

thetree.⑧Theangrymanhittheyoungwomanin

theface.Wefoundasquareholeinthe6across強(qiáng)調(diào)從物體的表面穿過(guò),意為“fromonesideto

theothersideof(sth.)”through表示從物體的內(nèi)部通過(guò)4.across,through【比較】across強(qiáng)調(diào)從物體的表面穿過(guò),意為“fromones7此外,across與靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)表示“在(街、河等)對(duì)面”或“在(身體某

部位)上”。Theschoolisacrosstheriver.學(xué)校在河的對(duì)岸。Hehasagiantscaracrosshischest.他胸前有塊巨大的傷疤。題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞across,through填空⑨Heisbikingacross

Europe,survivingonlyondiscarded(被丟棄的)

food.⑩Myhouseisjustacross

thestreet.`

Waterwillbepumpedthrough

apipe.此外,across與靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)表示“在(街、河等)對(duì)面”85.over,above;under,below(1)over和above都有“在……之上”的意思,但over往往表示“在……的正

上方”,其反義詞為under,而above往往表示“在……的斜上方”,其反義詞

為below。over還可表示“(部分或全部覆蓋)在……上面”。Youcan'twearabluejacketoverthatshirt.It'lllookterrible.你不能把一件藍(lán)夾克穿在那件襯衫外面。那將會(huì)很難看。注意(1)over和above還都可以表示“(在數(shù)量上)多于”的意思,但above

一般用于表示與“最低限度”或“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”有關(guān)的事物,而over則表示“多

于”,相當(dāng)于morethan,其反義詞是under(=lessthan)。1,000metersabovesealevel海拔1,000米twodegreesabovezero零上2度5.over,above;under,below9He'soverfifty.他已年過(guò)半百。It'sunderamilefromheretothepostoffice.從這里到郵局不足一英里。(2)above表示“(級(jí)別、地位、重要性等)高于……”,over則表示“能控

制、有權(quán)威”等。Healwaysputshisstudentsaboveeverything.他總是把自己的學(xué)生置于一切事情之上。Hehaslittlecontroloverhisemotions.他幾乎不能控制自己的感情。題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞完成句子

She'sbeenhereforover

twohours.她在這里已超過(guò)兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。He'soverfifty.他已年過(guò)半百。10

Sinceweallliveunder

oneroof,weshouldlearnhowtogetalongwithoneanother.既然我們都住在一個(gè)屋檐下,我們就應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)彼此如何相處。

Heisabove

averageintelligence.他的智力在一般水平以上。6.in,on,to,offin表示在某范圍之內(nèi)NingboisintheeastofZhejiangProvince.寧波在浙江省的東部。on強(qiáng)調(diào)“毗鄰”“接壤”Mongoliais/liesonthenorthofChina.蒙古在/位于中國(guó)的北邊。to強(qiáng)調(diào)在某范圍之外,不接壤JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國(guó)的東邊。off強(qiáng)調(diào)兩地之間有一小段距離Thehouseisoffthemainroad.那座房子在主路的旁邊。?Sinceweallliveunder

11題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞in,to,off,on填空

Xinjiangisto

thenorthwestofZhejiangwhileAnhuiison

thewestofZhejiang.

Beijingliesin

thenorthofChina.

TheWellHotelstandsinaquietplaceoff

themainroadatthefarendofthelake.二、時(shí)間介詞1.at,in,on(1)at的用法1)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻等,如:at12:00,atnoon,atnight,atmidnight,atdawn/

daybreak,atsunrise/sunset,atdusk。題組訓(xùn)練·用介詞in,to,off,on填空122)表示較短暫的一段時(shí)間,可指某個(gè)節(jié)日或一年中被認(rèn)為是具有標(biāo)志意義的日子,如:atChristmas。(2)in的用法表示在某段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)(如:世紀(jì)、朝代、年代、月份)及泛指上午、下

午或傍晚等,如:inthe1980's/1980s,intheQingDynasty,inOctober,inthe

morning/afternoon/evening。(3)on的用法1)用于表示具體的日子或一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間(如:某日、某節(jié)日、星期幾等),

如:onOctober1st,onarainyday,onNationalDay等。2)用于表示特定的上午、下午或晚上,如:onChristmasEve,onthemorning

ofJanuary3rd,ontheafternoonofhisarrival等。3)準(zhǔn)時(shí),按時(shí):ontime。2)表示較短暫的一段時(shí)間,可指某個(gè)節(jié)日或一年中被認(rèn)為是具有標(biāo)13

在星期天上午onSundaymorning(s)

在上午9點(diǎn)at9o'clockinthemorning

在兒童節(jié)onChildren'sDay

在19世紀(jì)20年代inthe1820's/1820s

2.in,afterMyfatherwillbebackinthreedays.我父親將在3天以后回來(lái)。in表示時(shí)間時(shí),in表示“在……之內(nèi)”。有時(shí)in可以表示“在……之后”,但必須具備兩個(gè)條件:①所在句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須表將來(lái);②后面必須是一段時(shí)間after意為“在……之后”。通常“after+時(shí)間段”用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),“after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用題組訓(xùn)練·翻譯下列詞組?在星期天上午onSundaymorning(s)

14Myfatherwillbebackafterthreeo'clock.我父親將在3點(diǎn)后回來(lái)。題組訓(xùn)練·用in,after填空

Itwillbefinishedin

anhour.

Helefthomeafter

Christmasandreturnedafter

afewdays.3.for,from,sincefor后接時(shí)間段,表示行為或狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久;from后接時(shí)間點(diǎn),表示行為或

狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn),而不涉及其持續(xù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短;since后接時(shí)間點(diǎn),不僅表示行

為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn),而且還強(qiáng)調(diào)該行為或狀態(tài)從起始點(diǎn)一直持續(xù)到說(shuō)話的

時(shí)刻,因而常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)連用。Mr.Brownenjoyedthecountrylifeandlivedthereforalmostfifteenyearsaf-

terhisretirement.Myfatherwillbebackaftert15布朗先生喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活,退休后他在那里生活了差不多15年。Myyoungersisterbegantolearndancefromtheageoffive.我的妹妹從5歲開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈。Tomhasbeendoinghishomeworksinceseveno'clock.湯姆從7點(diǎn)開(kāi)始就一直在做他的家庭作業(yè)。題組訓(xùn)練·用for,from,since填空

Theconferencewillbeheldfrom

MondaytoFriday.

Wehavelivedinthedistrictsince

wecameherein2005.

Themeetinglastedfor

threehoursyesterday.布朗先生喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活,退休后他在那里生活了差不多15年。164.during,through,over(1)during的用法during指某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在某個(gè)時(shí)間段里或整個(gè)過(guò)程中斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地發(fā)生過(guò)多次,或在整個(gè)時(shí)間段里的某一點(diǎn)發(fā)生過(guò),起止時(shí)間比較明顯。Heoftenfallsasleepduringtheclass.他常常在課堂上睡著。Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.夏季他每天都游泳。(2)through的用法through意為:直至,一直到(所指時(shí)間包括在內(nèi))。We'llbeinNewYorkTuesdaythroughFriday.我們從星期二到星期五將一直待在紐約。4.during,through,over17

Let'sdiscussitover

lunch.

Ionlysawheronceduring

mystayinRome.

TheywillbeinLondonfromMarch24through

May7.5.before,by,till,until(1)before的用法before:早于;在……之前。題組訓(xùn)練·用during,through,over填空(3)over的用法over意為:在……期間。Wehadapleasantchatoveracupoftea.我們一邊喝茶一邊愉快地聊天。?Let'sdiscussitover

lun18Thenewroadwillbecompletedbeforetheendoftheyear.這條新道路將在年底以前建成。(2)by的用法1)表示“不遲于……,在(某時(shí))前”。Allofyouaretoarriveatschoolbyseveno'clock.你們所有人要在7點(diǎn)鐘前到校。2)表示“在……期間,在……時(shí)間內(nèi)”。Heworkedbynightandsleptbyday.他晚上工作,白天睡覺(jué)。(3)until和till的用法1)until是比較正式的用法。在肯定句中和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表示動(dòng)作一直

持續(xù)到until后面的時(shí)間為止;在否定句中和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表示該動(dòng)作

直到until后面的時(shí)間才開(kāi)始。Thenewroadwillbecomplete19題組訓(xùn)練·用before,by,until填空

We'llhavefinishedtheworkby

teno'clocktomorrow.

Iusuallytakeabathbefore

havingbreakfast.

Hedidn'tgotobeduntil

hisfathercameback.Ishallwaituntilteno'clock.我將等到10點(diǎn)鐘。Ididn'tgotosleepuntilmidnight.直到半夜我才睡覺(jué)。2)till的意義與until的相同。Heworksfrommorningtillnight,dayafterday.他日復(fù)一日從早到晚地工作。題組訓(xùn)練·用before,by,until填空Ishall20by(1)表示交通方式,但不涉及交通工具的名詞前用by,名詞前不帶冠詞。如:bysea,bywater,byland,byair等(2)涉及交通工具的名詞前用by,但名詞需用單數(shù),其前面不加冠詞或任何修飾語(yǔ)。如:bybike,bytaxi,byplane,byship/boat,bytrain,byspaceship等in/on當(dāng)旅行方式涉及特指的交通工具時(shí),用on或in。此時(shí),名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語(yǔ)。如:traveltoNewYorkinhiscar,gotoschoolonmybike等三、表工具、手段、方式的介詞1.by,in/on注意:

步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。如:onfoot,onhorseback/onahorse,

onacamel等by(1)表示交通方式,但不涉及交通工具的名詞前用by,名詞21題組訓(xùn)練·同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

HewenttoBeijingbycar.HewenttoBeijinginhis/acar

.

Iprefertotravelbyship.Iprefertotravelbywater/sea

.2.with,by,in(1)with用于有形的工具或身體某些器官之前,其后的名詞多被冠詞或形容

詞性物主代詞等修飾。Theyarediggingwithapick/spade.他們正在用一把鎬/鏟挖。題組訓(xùn)練·同義句轉(zhuǎn)換22Weseewithoureyes,hearwithourears,andwalkwithourlegs.我們用眼睛

看,用耳朵聽(tīng),用腿走路。(2)by指使用方法、手段;in指使用某種語(yǔ)言或材料等。Whydon'twegotherebycarinstead?我們?yōu)槭裁床蛔嚾ツ莾耗?PleaseanswermeinEnglish.請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)回答我。Theartistwroteinink/pencil(=withapen/apencil).那位藝術(shù)家用鋼筆/鉛筆寫(xiě)字。(3)注意以下固定短語(yǔ):

用這/那種方式Weseewithoureyes,hearwith23

Thisformistobefilledinin

ink.

Thistoyisnotmachine-made.Itismadeby

hand.

Heknockedtheappledownwith

alongpole.四、表原因的介詞1.with多用于表示情緒的形容詞或表示身體動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞之后,表示

某種心理或狀態(tài)的原因。2.for多與表示感情的抽象名詞或動(dòng)名詞及reason,famous等詞連用。3.from常接抽象名詞,表示自然或間接原因。4.of用于某些形容詞后,后接與感情相關(guān)的人或事。5.over表示因?yàn)槟呈?。題組訓(xùn)練·用with,by,in填空?Thisformistobefilledin24Herfacewentredwithanger.她氣得臉都紅了。TheWestLakeisfamousforitsscenery.西湖因它的景色而聞名。Shefeltsickfromtiredness.她因疲勞而感到不舒服。Mr.Smithisproudofhishonesty.史密斯先生因他的誠(chéng)實(shí)而驕傲。Shewasexcitedovertheouting.她因?yàn)槎掏韭眯械氖露浅Ｅd奮。Herfacewentredwithanger.她25against表示“反對(duì)”,此外,還有“靠著”“違背”“襯

托”“對(duì)……不利”之意for支持,贊成五、表示支持、反對(duì)的介詞Areyoufororagainstthenewroadscheme?你對(duì)修建新道路的計(jì)劃是贊成還是反對(duì)?Shewasforcedtomarryagainstherwill.她被迫違心地嫁了人。That'sagainstthelaw.那是違法的。Theskier'sredclothesstoodoutclearlyagainstthesnow.滑雪者的紅衣服在雪的襯托下顯得分外醒目。against表示“反對(duì)”,此外,還有“靠著”“違背”“襯

26題組訓(xùn)練·用against,for填空

Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersareagainst

it.

Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisbackagainst

abigtree.

Mostofthestudentsintheschoolarefor

thepolicy.六、其他?？冀樵~1.besides,except,otherthan的區(qū)別(1)用于否定句時(shí),besides與except可相互替換。Nootherstudentspassedthedifficultmathsexamexcept/besidesLinTaoand

WuDong.除林濤、吳東外沒(méi)有別的學(xué)生通過(guò)這次難的數(shù)學(xué)考試。題組訓(xùn)練·用against,for填空六、其他?？冀樵~27(2)except,besides用于肯定句時(shí)的區(qū)別1)except意為:除……之外。WeallpassedtheexamexceptTom.除湯姆外,我們都通過(guò)了考試。注意

當(dāng)except用于句首時(shí),后面往往要加上for。Exceptforthis,everythingisingoodorder.=Everythingisingoodorderexceptthis.除此之外,一切正常。2)besides意為:除……之外(還)。Wehavelotsofthingsincommonbesidesmusic.除了音樂(lè)之外,我們還有很多共同點(diǎn)。(2)except,besides用于肯定句時(shí)的區(qū)別28注意besides在句中的位置較靈活,可放在句首,亦可放在句中;而except

多放在句中。此外,except前幾乎總有all,any,every,no等。Heansweredallthequestionsexceptthelastone.除最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題外,其余所有問(wèn)題他都回答了。Ihaveafewfriendsbesidesyou.除了你之外,我還有幾個(gè)朋友。(3)except和otherthan后都可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞,可以互換;但except后接介詞短語(yǔ)、when從句等時(shí),otherthan不可替換except。Thewindowisneveropenedexceptinsummer.除夏季外,這扇窗戶從不打開(kāi)。(介詞短語(yǔ))HehasalwaysbeenbusyexceptwhenitisSunday.除星期日外,他總是很忙。(when從句)注意besides在句中的位置較靈活,可放在句首,亦可放在29注意besides還可用作副詞,意為“況且,此外,也”與inaddition,also,

moreover,furthermore同義。Idon'twanttogo;besides,Iamtootired.我不想去。況且我太累了。Thisismybestsuit;besides,Ihavetwoothers.這是我最好的一套衣服,此外我還有兩套。題組訓(xùn)練·用except,besides填空

Iknownothingabouttheyounglady

except

hername.

Idon'tmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore.

Besides

,thewalkdoesmegood.2.形容詞后的for與to英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常遇見(jiàn)一些形容詞與介詞for或to搭配。這種搭配非常靈活,現(xiàn)將

幾種常見(jiàn)的搭配情況簡(jiǎn)述如下:注意besides還可用作副詞,意為“況且,此外,也”與i30(1)當(dāng)形容詞被副詞too或enough修飾時(shí),其后只能用for。Theshirtistoolargeforme.這件襯衫對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)太大了。(2)當(dāng)側(cè)重于與別人比較,有“對(duì)……而言”之意時(shí),常用for。Chineseisverydifficultforme.Ican'tlearnit.中文對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)很難,我學(xué)不會(huì)。(3)當(dāng)表示主觀看法或感覺(jué),有“在……看來(lái)”之意時(shí),常用to。Chineseisverydifficulttome,butI'lltrymybesttolearnit.在我看來(lái)中文很難,但是我會(huì)盡全力學(xué)習(xí)它的。(1)當(dāng)形容詞被副詞too或enough修飾時(shí),其后只能用f31題組訓(xùn)練·介詞填空

Thesemathproblemsaretoodifficultfor

me.

Thehouseisbigenoughfor

ustwo.

Thelanguagetaskisreallydifficultto

abeginner.3.with的用法(1)表示“和……在一起,和,同,跟”。Mr.andMrs.Smithwerethere,withtheirthreeyoungchildren.史密斯夫婦和他們?nèi)齻€(gè)年幼的孩子都在那兒。Wouldyouliketogotothetheatrewithus?你愿意和我們一起去看戲嗎?題組訓(xùn)練·介詞填空32YoucannotseeMr.Johnsonatthemoment,asheiswiththemanager.你此刻見(jiàn)不到約翰遜先生,因?yàn)樗徒?jīng)理在一起。(2)表示兩種事物之間的相應(yīng)關(guān)系或齊頭并進(jìn),意為“隨著”。Withtimepassingby,theyhavegrownintobigboysandbiggirls.隨著時(shí)間的流逝,他們都長(zhǎng)成大小伙子和大姑娘了。Temperaturesvarywiththetimeoftheyear.溫度隨著時(shí)節(jié)變化。(3)表示“帶有”,表伴隨。Thewaiterarrivedwithacupofcoffee.服務(wù)員端著一杯咖啡來(lái)了。YoucannotseeMr.Johnsonatt33Itisverystuffyintheroom,withallthewindowsclosed.由于所有窗戶都關(guān)著,房間里非常悶熱。Shewasshiveringwithcold.她冷得直發(fā)抖。Thesmallchildtrembledwithfear.那個(gè)小孩嚇得打哆嗦。題組訓(xùn)練·介詞填空

With

productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.

With

theteacherhelpingus,wefinishedthetask.(4)指原因或理由。Itisverystuffyintheroom,34表示“不遲于(某時(shí)間)”Wehavetoreachhomebyteno'clock.我們得在10點(diǎn)鐘之前到家。表示“在……期間(一段指明的時(shí)間)”Theydecidedtotravelbynight.他們決定在夜間

旅行。表示觸及或抓住人體或物體的某一部分Heseizedmebythearm.他抓住了我的胳膊。表示“由于……”Hesucceededbyhardwork.他由于努力工作而成功了。表示“以……的幅度,差……”Thisoneisshorterthantheotherbythreeinches.

這一個(gè)比另一個(gè)短三英寸。4.by的用法表示“不遲于(某時(shí)間)”Wehavetoreachh35表示買賣東西按以計(jì)算的數(shù)或量,或付酬按以計(jì)

算的時(shí)間Milkissoldbythepint,butterbythepound,and

eggsbythedozen.牛奶按品脫賣,黃油按磅賣,雞

蛋按打賣。表示“按照……”或“根據(jù)……”Bymywatch,thetimeishalfpasteleven.按我的

表,時(shí)間是十一點(diǎn)半。題組訓(xùn)練·翻譯下列句子

Canyoufinishtheworkbyfiveo'clock?你能在5點(diǎn)鐘以前完成這項(xiàng)工作嗎?

Thebulletmissedhimbytwoinches.那顆子彈差兩英寸就打中他了。

Wesellicecreamsbythethousandinsummer.我們?cè)谙奶斐鍪鄣谋ち钄?shù)以千計(jì)。

表示買賣東西按以計(jì)算的數(shù)或量,或付酬按以計(jì)

算的時(shí)間Milk365.beyond的用法(1)表示“(時(shí)間)過(guò)了,晚于,遲于”。Theyarrivedbeyondnineo'clock.他們過(guò)了9點(diǎn)才到。Hedelayedthematterbeyondthefixedtime.他把那件事拖過(guò)了規(guī)定的時(shí)間。(2)表示“(位置)在……的那邊,在……以外”。Thesmallvillageis20milesbeyondthetown.那個(gè)小村莊在離城鎮(zhèn)20英里以外的地方。Thevillageisbeyondthemountain.那個(gè)村莊在山的那邊。Thesestudentscamefrombeyondtheseas.這些學(xué)生來(lái)自海外。5.beyond的用法37(3)表示“(范圍)超過(guò),為……所不及”。Thisbookisbeyondme.我看不懂這本書(shū)。Heislivingbeyondhisincome.他的生活入不敷出。Goodhealthisbeyondprice.健康的身體是無(wú)價(jià)之寶。題組訓(xùn)練·介詞填空

Sorry,Madam.You'dbettercometomorrowbecauseit'sbeyond

thevisitinghours.(3)表示“(范圍)超過(guò),為……所不及”。386.about,on,ofHewroteonmathematics.他撰寫(xiě)數(shù)學(xué)著作。Hewroteabouttheschool.他編寫(xiě)有關(guān)這所學(xué)校的情況。Itisabookonbirds.那是一本論及鳥(niǎo)類的書(shū)。(可能是一本學(xué)術(shù)著作)Itisabookaboutbirds.那是一本關(guān)于鳥(niǎo)的書(shū)。(可能是一本供小孩看的關(guān)

于鳥(niǎo)類的故事書(shū))Iknowofhim.我對(duì)他有所了解。(只是大致了解)about指泛泛地或非正式地談?wù)撃呈?其談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容也較為普通on指比較有系統(tǒng)地或理論性較強(qiáng)地論述某事,其論述的內(nèi)容較正式或較嚴(yán)肅ofof和about語(yǔ)義差不多,但是在與tell,read,know,think等動(dòng)詞連用時(shí),of側(cè)重于粗略涉及,而about涉及的情況則詳細(xì)得多6.about,on,ofHewroteonmathe39七、?？冀樵~短語(yǔ)1.介詞與名詞的常用搭配(1)at+n.表示狀態(tài)ataloss不知所措atbreakfast早餐時(shí)atpeace處于和平中atrest靜止,不動(dòng)atsea在海上atwar在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中atwork在工作(2)at+n.表示時(shí)間atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)atdusk在黃昏atdawn在黎明atdaybreak在拂曉atmidnight在午夜atnight在晚上七、?？冀樵~短語(yǔ)40atnoon在中午atpresent目前atsunrise日出時(shí)(3)以at開(kāi)頭組成的短語(yǔ)atthebeginningof在……的開(kāi)始atthecostof以……的代價(jià)attheendof在……的盡頭atthefootof在……腳下atthemercyof在……支配下;任由……擺布atthepriceof以……的價(jià)格attheriskof冒……的危險(xiǎn)atthesightof一看到……就……atnoon在中午atpresent目前41(4)on+n.表示狀態(tài)onatrip/journey/tour在旅行ondisplay陳列onduty/guard在值班/警戒中onexhibition在展出onfire著火onholiday/vacation在度假online在運(yùn)行,在線onsale出售;打折onshow在展出onthedecrease在減少onthego在忙碌中ontheincrease在增加onthemarch在行進(jìn)中ontheway在途中ontrial在受審(5)以on開(kāi)頭的介詞短語(yǔ)onaccountof因?yàn)閛nbehalfof代表onconditionthat在……的條件下,如果(4)on+n.表示狀態(tài)42onnoaccount/condition/occasion決不onthebasisof以……為基礎(chǔ)ontheoccasionof在……時(shí)(6)by+n.表示方式byair/plane乘飛機(jī)byforce用暴力byhand用手工bytheday按天算bytelegraph以電報(bào)形式byweight/volume/size/number按重量/體積/大小/數(shù)量(7)in+n.表示方式incash用現(xiàn)金付款indetail詳細(xì)地inEnglish用英語(yǔ)inink用墨水onnoaccount/condition/occasi43(8)in+n.表示狀態(tài)inanger生氣地inbattle在戰(zhàn)斗中inbed在床上incomfort舒適地indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中indebt負(fù)債indelight高興地indespair絕望地indifficulty處于困難中indoubt不確定,拿不準(zhǔn)infear在恐懼中inhighspirits情緒高昂地inneed需要幫助inorder就緒inpeace平靜地;和平地inpractice在實(shí)踐中inprint已出版inprison在獄中inpublic公開(kāi)地inrags穿著破爛inruins破敗不堪insecret秘密地(8)in+n.表示狀態(tài)44insilence默不作聲inspace在太空中insurprise驚奇地introuble在困難中inuse在使用中inview看得見(jiàn)inwonder驚奇地(9)以in開(kāi)頭構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)inthefaceof面對(duì)inadditionto除……以外(還)incaseof萬(wàn)一;如果;假如incelebrationof為慶?！璱nchargeof掌管……inconsequenceof由于……incontrastto與……相比incontrolof管理;控制;操縱inexchangefor作為交換infavorof支持;贊成infearof害怕insilence默不作聲inspace在太空中45infrontof在……前面(外部)inhonourof為向……表示敬意inmemoryof為了紀(jì)念……inneedof需要innocase決不innotime立刻innoway決不inplaceof代替inpossessionof擁有,占有inpraiseof表?yè)P(yáng)

inpreparationfor為……做準(zhǔn)備inrespectof關(guān)于inresponseto作為回應(yīng)inreturn作為回報(bào)inspiteof盡管insupportof為支持……

inthechargeof在……的管理下

inthedirectionof在……方向

inthefrontof在……前面(內(nèi)部)

inthehabitof有……習(xí)慣

inthehopeof抱著……的希望

infrontof在……前面(外部)46inthemiddleof在……中間(10)of+n.表示特征(等于相應(yīng)的形容詞)ofbenefit有益處的ofhelp有幫助的ofimportance重要的ofinterest有趣的ofsignificance有意義的ofuse有用的ofvalue有價(jià)值的(11)outof+n.表示狀態(tài)outofbalance失去平衡outofbreath上氣不接下氣outofbusiness停業(yè),歇業(yè)outofcontrol不受控制outofdanger脫離危險(xiǎn)outofdate過(guò)期outofdebt不欠債outoffashion不流行outofluck不走運(yùn)outofmind發(fā)狂inthemiddleof在……中間47outofoffice在野outoforder出故障outofpatience不耐煩outofseason過(guò)季outofshape走樣,不成形outofsight看不到outofthequestion不可能outofquestion毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)outoftrouble擺脫困難outofwork失業(yè)(12)under+n.表示被動(dòng)underattack遭到襲擊underconsideration在考慮中underconstruction在建造中undercontrol處于控制之中underdiscussion在討論中underpressure在壓力下underrepair在修理中undertreatment在治療中underway在進(jìn)行中outofoffice在野outoforder出48(13)以u(píng)nder開(kāi)頭的短語(yǔ)underthecommandof在……的統(tǒng)帥之下undertheinfluenceof在……的影響下undertheprotectionof在……的庇護(hù)下(14)with+n.表示方式withanger生氣地withconfidence有信心地withcourage英勇地withdelight/joy高興地withdifficulty困難地withease輕而易舉地withfear害怕地withinterest有興趣地withpleasure樂(lè)意地withpride驕傲地withsatisfaction滿意地withsuccess成功地withkindness親切地(13)以u(píng)nder開(kāi)頭的短語(yǔ)49(15)beyond+n.表示“超出……,難以……”beyondcompare無(wú)與倫比beyondcomprehension難以理解beyondcontrol失控beyonddescription難以描述beyonddoubt不用懷疑,確實(shí)beyondexpression難以表達(dá)beyondmeasure非常;極其beyondquestion無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯;毋庸置疑beyondreach夠不到beyondwords難以表達(dá)beyondone'swildestdreams做夢(mèng)都沒(méi)想到,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)出乎所料2.形容詞與介詞的常用搭配(1)adj.+aboutbeanxiousabout憂慮……

becarefulabout小心……(15)beyond+n.表示“超出……,難以……”50beconcernedabout擔(dān)心……becuriousabout對(duì)……好奇beexcitedabout對(duì)……感到興奮beparticularabout對(duì)……講究/挑剔beseriousabout對(duì)……認(rèn)真besorryabout對(duì)……感到抱歉besureabout對(duì)……有把握beupsetabout對(duì)……感到失望beworriedabout對(duì)……擔(dān)心(2)adj.+atbeangryat惱怒于beastonishedat對(duì)……吃驚beconcernedabout擔(dān)心……51bebadat不擅長(zhǎng)bedelightedat因……而高興bedisappointedat對(duì)……失望begoodat擅長(zhǎng)beskilledat在……方面很熟練besurprisedat對(duì)……吃驚(3)adj.+inbeabsorbedin專注于beconfidentin對(duì)……有信心bediligentin勤于beengagedin忙于……beexcellentin在……方面優(yōu)秀bebadat不擅長(zhǎng)52beexperiencedin在……方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)beexpertin擅長(zhǎng)beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣beinvolvedin包括在……中,被卷入belackingin缺乏beoccupiedin忙于……berichin富有……beslowin遲遲不……besuccessfulin在……成功beweakin不擅長(zhǎng)(4)adj.+forbeanxiousfor為……擔(dān)心beexperiencedin在……方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)53beeagerfor渴望befamousfor因……著名befitfor適合;勝任begoodfor對(duì)……有益behungryfor渴望得到;渴求belatefor遲到bepreparedfor為……做好準(zhǔn)備bereadyfor準(zhǔn)備好……besorryfor對(duì)……感到抱歉bethankfulfor因……而感激beunfitfor不適合;不勝任beeagerfor渴望54(5)adj.+frombeabsentfrom缺席bedifferentfrom不同于befarfrom遠(yuǎn)離befreefrom不受……影響besafefrom免受……的傷害(6)adj.+tobeblindto對(duì)……視而不見(jiàn)becloseto接近becontraryto與……相反bedeafto對(duì)……充耳不聞bedevotedto致力于……(5)adj.+from55beequalto等于……befairto對(duì)……公平befamiliarto對(duì)……來(lái)說(shuō)熟悉befriendlyto對(duì)……友好begoodto對(duì)……好begratefulto對(duì)……心存感激beharmfulto對(duì)……有危害beimportantto對(duì)……重要bekindto對(duì)……友好beknownto為……所知bemarriedto與……結(jié)婚beequalto等于……56benecessaryto對(duì)……有必要beopposedto反對(duì)beoppositeto與……對(duì)立bepoliteto對(duì)……有禮貌berudeto對(duì)……無(wú)禮besimilarto與……相似bethankfulto感激beusefulto對(duì)……有用be/getusedto習(xí)慣于……(7)adj.+ofbeafraidof害怕

beashamedof為……感到羞恥beawareof意識(shí)到

becapableof能夠benecessaryto對(duì)……有必要57becomposedof由……組成befondof喜歡befullof充滿beproudof因……而自豪beshortof短缺besure/certainof堅(jiān)信,確信betiredof厭煩beworthyof值得be/getridof除去;擺脫(8)adj.+withbyangrywith(sb.)對(duì)(某人)發(fā)怒bebusywith忙于becomposedof由……組成58becombinedwith與……結(jié)合beconcernedwith與……有關(guān);涉及;關(guān)心;關(guān)注beconnectedwith與……有關(guān)becontentwith對(duì)……滿意becoveredwith被……覆蓋becrowdedwith擠滿……befamiliarwith對(duì)……熟悉befilledwith充滿bepatientwith對(duì)……有耐心bepleasedwith對(duì)……感到滿意bepopularwith受……的歡迎besatisfiedwith對(duì)……滿意becombinedwith與……結(jié)合59besickwith患……病3.其他常用短語(yǔ)accordingto根據(jù)togetherwith連同becauseof因?yàn)閎utfor要不是nextto在……隔壁owingto因?yàn)閡pto直到byaccident偶然bychance偶然bycoincidence碰巧bymistake錯(cuò)誤地bynature天生地bymeansof借助于bywayof經(jīng)由;經(jīng)過(guò)(某地)forfearof唯恐forthegoodof為了……的利益forlackof因?yàn)槿狈orthepurposeof為了……forlife一生,終身forthesakeof為了……起見(jiàn)besickwith患……病60考點(diǎn)二

動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.add(add...to...,addto,addup,addupto)add...to...把……加到……上Ifyouadd5to5,you'llget10.5加5得10。addto添加;增加Theballoonsaddedtothefestiveatmosphere.氣球增加了節(jié)日的氣氛。addup加Addupthenumbers,andyouwillget1,155.把這些數(shù)字加起來(lái),你會(huì)得到1,155。addupto合計(jì)達(dá)到,后面多為合計(jì)起來(lái)的

數(shù)目,不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Hiswholeschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.他所有的學(xué)校教育加起來(lái)不超過(guò)一年。考點(diǎn)二

動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)add...to...把……加到……上612.agree(agreewith,agreeto,agreeon)3.break(breakawayfrom,breakdown,breakinto,breakinon,breakout,break

up,breakoff,breakthrough)agreewith(1)“贊成,同意”,指同意某人的意見(jiàn)、想法、分析、解釋等,后可以跟what引導(dǎo)的從句(2)notagreewithsb.表示“(某種食物)不對(duì)某人胃口”Idon'tagreewithyou.我不同意你的意見(jiàn)。Iagreewithwhatyousaid.我同意你說(shuō)的。Greenpeppersdon'tagreewithme.我吃青椒會(huì)不舒服。agreeto表示同意建議(suggestion)、安排(arrangement)、計(jì)劃(plan)等Theyfinallyagreedtotheplan.他們最終同意了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。agreeon(經(jīng)過(guò)協(xié)商)就……取得一致意見(jiàn)或達(dá)成協(xié)議Thetwopartsagreedonthetimeofthemeeting.雙方在會(huì)議的時(shí)間上達(dá)成了一致的意見(jiàn)。2.agree(agreewith,agreeto,62(1)HedecidedtobreakawayfromtheParty.脫離Theprisonerbrokeawayfromhisguards.突然掙脫(2)Thepeacetalkshavebrokendown.失敗Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.(=becameverybad)被搞

垮,垮掉Chemicalsinthebodybreakdownourfoodintousefulsubstances.分解Thetelephonesystemhasbrokendown.(機(jī)器或車輛等)出故障,壞掉(3)Thethievesplannedtobreakintoabank.強(qiáng)行闖入(4)Pleasedon'tbreakinonourconversation.(=interruptordisturb)打斷,攪擾(5)TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939.爆發(fā)(6)Aftermidnight,thepartybrokeup.解散(7)Hebrokeoffinthemiddleofasentence.停頓,中斷(1)Hedecidedtobreakawayfr63(8)Ourtroopshadlittledifficultyinbreakingthroughthelinesoftheenemy.

突破4.bring(bringabout,bringdown,bringin,bringon,bringout,bringup,bring

forward)(1)Theonlywaytheycanbringabout(=cause)politicalchangeisbyputting

pressureonthecountry.引起,造成(2)Thescandalmaybringdownthegovernment打垮,擊敗bringdownprices降低(價(jià)格)(3)Thesalebroughtinover$200.賺得(4)Dirtoftenbringsondisease.引起,導(dǎo)致Thefineweatherisbringingthecropsonnicely.促使(作物、水果等)成長(zhǎng)(5)Canyoumakeasentencetobringoutthemeaningofthephrase?闡明(8)Ourtroopshadlittlediffi64(6)JoewasborninTexasbutbroughtupinOklahoma.撫養(yǎng)Hewassoillthathebroughtupeverything.嘔吐(7)Pleasebringforwardthematteratthenextmeeting.提出TheyhavebroughtthemeetingforwardtonextMonday.將(……的日期或時(shí)

間)提前5.call(callfor,callinon/at,callin,calloff,callupon,callon,callout,callup)(1)Thetroublecallsforquickactionbythegovernment.需要Theworkersarecallingforbetterpay.要求(2)Iformedthehabitofcalling(=dropping)inonhim/calling(=dropping)inat

hisofficeintheafternoon.順便拜訪(6)JoewasborninTexasbutb65(3)Yourfatherisill.Youshouldcallinadoctoratonce.召來(lái),叫來(lái)(服務(wù))Thearmywascalledintocutthroughfallentreesandtohelpcleartheroadsandpaths.召集(4)They'vecalledoffthegamebecauseofthethickfog.取消(5)Hecalleduponmetospeakimmediatelyafterhim.請(qǐng)/叫(某人做某事)(6)Icalledonthepeopleofthiscountrytoworkhardfornationalunity.號(hào)召(7)Theinjuredsoldierscalledoutinpain.喊,叫(8)Thesoundofhappylaughtercalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.使想起,

使回憶起(3)Yourfatherisill.Youshou66careabout關(guān)心;在意Weshouldcareaboutthestu-dentswhoarenotgoodattheirlessons.我們應(yīng)該關(guān)心那些學(xué)習(xí)不好的學(xué)生。carefor非常喜歡;照看Hecaresforher.他非常喜歡她。Whowillcareforyourchildifyouareout?如果你們不在家,誰(shuí)照顧你們的孩子?6.care(careabout,carefor)題組訓(xùn)練·在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~①Thenaturalsceneryandthenewly-builttallbuildingsalongthestreets

added

to

thebeautyofmyhometown.②Hisparentsbeingbusy,theboywasbrought

up

byhisgrandma.careabout關(guān)心;在意Weshouldcare67③Thetwocountriesfinallyagreedon

thedateofthepresidents'meeting.④Whathecaredabout

isjusthisstudents.⑤Talkswithbusinessbetweentheleadersbrokedown

lastweek.7.carry(carryon,carryout,carrythrough)(1)HehadlearnedenoughGermantocarryonaconversation.進(jìn)行Onepersonshouldcarryonwheretheotherhadleftoff.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去(2)Iwaschosentocarryoutourexperiment.完成Hedidnotcarryouthispromisetous.履行(3)Theworkistough,butsheisthepersontocarryitthrough(=tocomplete

sth.successfully).成功完成,順利實(shí)現(xiàn)③Thetwocountriesfinallyagr688.catch(catchfire,catchone'sbreath,catchone'seye/attention,catchon,be/get

caughtin,catchsightof,catchupwith)(1)catchfire(=startburning)著火(2)catchyourbreath(由于恐懼、震驚等)屏息,屏氣(3)Thatcarcaughthiseye/attention.引起……的注意(4)ThatstylehasnevercaughtoninChina.(=becomepopular)流行起來(lái)Heisveryquicktocatchon.(=understand)理解(5)Hewascaughtintherain.(=bestuckin)被困住Herskirtgotcaughtinthedoor.(=behookedin)被鉤住(6)Isuddenlycaughtsightofhiminthecrowd.看見(jiàn)8.catch(catchfire,catchone's69(7)Aftermissingatermthroughillnesshehadtoworkhardtocatchupwith

theothers.趕上9.check(checkin,checkout)(1)PassengersshouldcheckinforflightBA125toBerlin.(在旅館、登機(jī)等)

登記、報(bào)到checkinone'sluggage托運(yùn)(行李)(2)Ihavetocheckoutbefore8o'clocktomorrowmorning.辦理退房手續(xù),結(jié)

賬離開(kāi)(旅館等)10.come[cometrue,comeabout,comeacross,comeon,comeout,comeout

with,whenitcomesto(doing)sth.,cometolight,comeup,comeupwith等](1)Mydreamhascometrue.變成現(xiàn)實(shí)(2)Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?發(fā)生(7)Aftermissingatermthroug70(3)IcameacrossthisbookinanoldbookstoreontheFourthAvenue.(無(wú)意中)

碰到,找到Hespokeforalongtimebuthismeaningdidnotreallycomeacross.被理解(4)Comeon,orwe'llbelate!快點(diǎn)兒