對(duì)話部分主要題型：1.語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)題型1）語(yǔ)音：考核內(nèi)容：近音、同音異義字應(yīng)試技巧：要做好這一類題型，除從句子的上下文中正確辯義之外，應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)辨音的能力。例句：Youmayhear:M:Isthatnice-lookingstrawhatlightandstrong?W:Yes,youcanwearitrainorshine.Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?A)AraincoatB)AsunnydayC)AlovelyhatD)Anattractivehut(1999/1/10)——標(biāo)注分別為年、月、題號(hào)(下同)解析：正確答案為C。但考生易將hat與hut在發(fā)音與意義上的不同而誤選為D。語(yǔ)調(diào)：考核內(nèi)容：語(yǔ)感應(yīng)試技巧：注意感嘆詞，聲調(diào)的升與降，重復(fù)詞或句子之后的內(nèi)容。常針對(duì)第二句話提問(wèn)，”Whatdoesthesecondspeakermean?”或”Whatdoesthewomanmean?”例句：Youmayhear:M:Thecityisgoingtoteardownthoseoldhousesandputupanewshoppingcenter.W:Anothershoppingcenter?That’snothingnew.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A)Theoldhousesshouldbeturnedintostores.B)ThecityneedsevenmoremodernizationC)Thisshoppingcenterisquiteold.D)Newshoppingcentersareverycommon.解析：正確答案為D。第二人重復(fù)第一人所說(shuō)的話，并用了升調(diào)，應(yīng)此從后面的話我們知道正確選項(xiàng)。2.意義解析題型考核內(nèi)容：某些單詞（通常是引申義）、詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)的理解應(yīng)試技巧：了解并熟記口語(yǔ)中常用到的詞組和慣用語(yǔ)例句：Youmayhear:M:Mr.Brownaskedmetotellyouthathe’ssorry,hecan’tmeetyouinperson.He’sreallytoobusytomakethetrip.W:That’sok.I’mgladyou’vecomeinhisplace.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A)Themanislateforthetripbecauseheisbusy.B)ThewomanisgladtomeetMr.Browninperson.C)ThemanismeetingthewomanonbehalfofMr.Brown.D)ThewomanfeelssorrythatMr.Brownisunabletocome.（2004/6/2）解析：正確答案為C。該題主要測(cè)試考生是否理解inperson（親自）和comeinone’splace（代替）兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意思，如果考生不知道意思就會(huì)選錯(cuò)。3.細(xì)節(jié)列舉題型考核內(nèi)容：細(xì)節(jié)理解應(yīng)試技巧：選項(xiàng)中常出現(xiàn)四個(gè)幾乎相同的號(hào)碼、日期或四個(gè)名詞、動(dòng)名詞，這類題容易在我們的記憶中混淆，因此聽(tīng)題時(shí)標(biāo)注是很重要的。例句：Youmayhear:W:Frank,IthoughtyouwereworkinginNewYork.M:Iwas,butImovedback.Ijustcouldn’tgetusedtolivinginabigcity.SohereIam,backinschool,takingcoursesforateachercertificate.Q:WhatisFrankplanningtodo?A)Movetoabigcity.B)Becomeateacher.C)GobacktoschoolD)WorkinNewYork(2004/6/5)解析：正確答案為B。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在聽(tīng)力對(duì)話中都出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)考生聽(tīng)對(duì)話時(shí)，可在D項(xiàng)后寫(xiě)w表示只是女士認(rèn)為這樣，A項(xiàng)后寫(xiě)not表示不習(xí)慣。當(dāng)然標(biāo)注只要是考生本人能看懂簡(jiǎn)單、快捷的就可以。4.數(shù)字計(jì)算題型考核內(nèi)容：數(shù)字、時(shí)間應(yīng)試技巧：正確答案常是進(jìn)行運(yùn)算后得出的，聽(tīng)題時(shí)既要記下數(shù)字、時(shí)間，還要搞清關(guān)系來(lái)判斷是加、減、乘、除還是混合運(yùn)算。例句：Youmayhear:M:Sowhenaretheotherguysgoingtogethere?Thetrainisleavingin10minutes.Wecan’twaithereforever.W:It’stenthirtyalready.Theyaresupposedtobeherebynow.Itoldeverybodytomeethereby10:15.Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?A)At10:30B)At10:25C)At10:40D)At10:45(2004/6/3)解析：正確答案為C。考生沒(méi)有從原文中聽(tīng)到10:40，但經(jīng)過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的加法運(yùn)算，很容易得出正確答案。5.虛擬條件關(guān)系題型考核內(nèi)容：虛擬語(yǔ)氣及變形的虛擬句應(yīng)試技巧：熟練掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣的幾種表達(dá)方法，反向挑選正確答案例句：Youmayhear:M:Whatdoyouthinkofmypaper?W:Theideasaregood.IfIwereyou,though,I’drewritethelasttwoparagraphstomakeitbetter.Q:What’sthewoman’scommentontheman’spaper?Theideasofthepaperarenotconvincing.Somepartsofthepaperarenotwellwritten.C)Thehandwritingofthepaperisnotgood.Thepaperisnotcomplete.(1996/1/9)解析：正確答案為B。很明顯劃線部分是一個(gè)虛擬句，“如果我是你，我會(huì)把最后兩段重新寫(xiě)得更好一些”也就是說(shuō)后兩段寫(xiě)得不好。6.BUT題型考核內(nèi)容：句意引申變化應(yīng)試技巧：對(duì)話中兩句之間有BUT連接，或第二句較長(zhǎng)，中間由BUT分開(kāi)，正確答案一般在BUT后面的句子上。例句：Youmayhear:W:Canyougivemeahand,Mike?Iwanttomoveafewheavyitemsintothecar.M:I’dliketo,butI’malready5minuteslateformyappointmentwithMr.Johnson.Andhisofficeisontheothersideofthecampus.Q:Whatwillthemanmostprobablydo?Helpthewomanmovetheitems.B)HurrytoMr.Johnson’soffice.C)HelpmovethingstoMr.Johnson’sofficeD)PutoffhisappointmentwithMr.Johnson.(2004/1/6)解析：正確答案為B。答案果然在but后面的句子中。7.相關(guān)詞推理題型考核內(nèi)容：日常生活中語(yǔ)境相關(guān)詞應(yīng)試技巧：不需要聽(tīng)懂每個(gè)詞，只要抓住兩三個(gè)相關(guān)詞的信息則可進(jìn)行判斷。例句：Youmayhear:W:CanIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes.CanyoushowmethewaytoGate9forflight901toHongKong?I’mquiteconfusedhere?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?Atabookingoffice.B)InaHongKonghotel.C)Onabusystreet.D)Atanairport.(2004/1/4)解析：正確答案為D。從劃線部分可聽(tīng)出在機(jī)場(chǎng)，Gate9,flight是關(guān)鍵詞。以下總結(jié)了一些常用的場(chǎng)景和職業(yè)詞匯：1)地點(diǎn)與方向題銀行:check,traveler’scheck,cash,withdraw,deposit,savings,savingsaccount,openanaccount,cashthecheck,payintereston,interest,interestrate,exchangerate,servicecharge,change,bankclerk,balance醫(yī)院:surgery,emergencyroom,hightemperature,asorethroat,headache,highbloodpressure,stomachache,heartdisease,flu,sneeze,lung,vomit,cancer,recover,dentist,physicalexamination,tablet,pill,pain-killer,aspirin,injection,prescription學(xué)校：semester,termpaper,required/compulsorycourse,elective/optionalcourse,professor,lecturer,teachingassistant,credit,researchpaper,tuition,freshman,sophomore,junior,senior,dropout,quitschool,registration圖書(shū)館：catalogue,callnumber,latestissue,due,overdue,charge,return,renew,fine,novel,magazine,fiction,journal,periodical,publication,author,bookshelf,stacks,circulationdesk,loandesk,referencebook,librarian,librarycard,readingroom,referenceroom旅館：hotel,inn,asingle/doubleroom,bath--room,suite,lounge,closet,bookaroom,occupyaroom，reserve,checkin,checkout,attendant,porter,register,tip,reception,frontdesk郵局：postoffice,postcode,,slot,remit,letter,mail,expressmail,regularmail,airmail,stamp,air-mailstamp,envelope,postage,registeredletter,postcard,package,parcel,urgentcable,moneyorder,telegram,brownpaperandscissors 商店：aspecial/bigsale,onsale,price,grocery,bargain,discount，brand,floorcounter,shopgirl,assistant,style,fashion,outofstock,outofstyle,cashorcheck? 飯店：dininghall,cafeteria,bar,buffet,menu,order,softdrink,colddrink,dessert,salad,soup,bill,tip,waiter,beer,wine,beverage,foodline,snack,taste,sauce,serve,napkin,folkandknife,spoon,westernfood,Chinesefood,treatsb.tosth.,takeorder,worththemoney,goDutch書(shū)店：book,dictionary,periodical,edition,order,outofstock,instock,outofprint藥店：pill,tablet,doctor’sorder,syrup,capsule,sleepingpill,dosage,fillaprescription機(jī)場(chǎng)、車(chē)站：flight,gateNo.,land,takeoff,arrival,departure,boardingcard,luggage,wing,safety-belt,first-class,economyclass,airhostess,airticket,Airway,civilaviation,airline,flightreservation,confirmtheflight,windowseat,check-in,non-stopflight,dateofdeparture,bookingoffice;platform,track,timetable,informationdesk,slowtrain,expresstrain,sleepingcar,hardsleeper,fare,conductor,passenger,returnticket,onwayticket,refund,waitingroom,runninglate，driver,transfer,line,busterminal,gasstation,trafficjam,emergencybrake海關(guān)： customer’sofficer,declare,paydutyon,dutyfree法庭：judge,jury,defendant,complainant，witness,counselor,audience,lawyer,accuse,charge,sentence,deathpenalty,retire,guilty,innocent,testify,trial理發(fā)館：barber,haircut,hairstyle,hairdresser,shave,moustache,beard,spray,娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所：theatre,camera,cinema,film,movie,motionpicture，concert,party,music,band,player在家：takearest,inthegarden,inthekitchen,gardening,cuttingweeds,wateringflowers,gotobed2）職業(yè)與身份題教師、學(xué)生：quiz,assignment,homework,lesson,class,score,scholarship,compulsory/optionalcourse,pass,fail,makeupanexam,schoolrecord,tuition,semester,credit,oral/writtenexam醫(yī)生、病人：cough,surgeon,dentist,prescribe,operation,diagnose,emergency,injection,ward,takeanX-ray維修人員：fix,plug,gear,clutch,garage,bulb,vacuum,airconditioner,heater,refrigerator,washingmachine,socket,electrician,switch,mechanic,plumber,drain郵遞員：deliver,parcel,mail,registeredletter,moneyorder,mailbox警察：speeding,trafficlight,driver’slicense,fine,giveaticketto律師：court,sue,illegal,appealto,lawsuit,agent,law服務(wù)員：menu,order,tip,forsale,onsale,buffet,markedprice,discount,sellingseason,auction海關(guān)：passport,restrictedarticles,entryvisa,transitpassenger短文聽(tīng)力理解的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)試方法該部分有三篇短文以及就短文所提出的10個(gè)問(wèn)題。短文題材主要是小故事、人物傳記、文化、教育、新聞報(bào)道、科普常識(shí)和社會(huì)生活等，體裁包括記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文等。短文所用詞語(yǔ)不超出教學(xué)大綱詞匯表四級(jí)規(guī)定的范圍。短文部分主要題型：1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題考核內(nèi)容：短文中的具體細(xì)節(jié)包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字、主要人物及事件等應(yīng)試技巧：做好筆記，此外，文中的原因連詞如：because,so,duetoetc；和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞如：but,however,thoughetc引導(dǎo)的句子，這些地方往往就是考點(diǎn)。提問(wèn)方式：WhatwastheprofessionofMr.Smith?Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?Whoisawinnerinthecompetition?etc...2.主旨大意題考核內(nèi)容：短文的主題思想，中心內(nèi)容或標(biāo)題應(yīng)試技巧：注意聽(tīng)短文的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾句，英語(yǔ)文章的中心句多在開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾。如果文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)同一詞匯或同一類詞匯，同樣也要特別注意，因?yàn)榘羞@類詞匯的選項(xiàng)能較好地體現(xiàn)中心思想，通常就是正確答案。提問(wèn)方式：Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?etc...3.對(duì)錯(cuò)判斷題考核內(nèi)容:短文中的具體細(xì)節(jié)應(yīng)試技巧：聽(tīng)到這類題時(shí)，一定要聽(tīng)清提問(wèn)，對(duì)于有沒(méi)有not一詞要弄清楚。一般情況下，not一詞會(huì)重讀。提問(wèn)方式：Whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue,accordingtothepassage?Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?etc...4.推理推測(cè)題考核內(nèi)容:短文的深層理解及對(duì)文中的信息進(jìn)行分析推斷應(yīng)試技巧：選項(xiàng)中與短文內(nèi)容一樣的不是推斷，一定要根據(jù)短文的觀點(diǎn)而不是根據(jù)自己的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)推斷。提問(wèn)方式：Whatcanbeinferfromthepassage?Whatdoesthespeakerthinkabouttheproblem...?Whatdoesthespeakermostconcernedabout?etc...復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的特點(diǎn)和應(yīng)試方法復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)由兩部分組成。一是單詞聽(tīng)寫(xiě),要求填出短文所缺單詞。另一種是補(bǔ)全信息。一般是,每段的第一句主題句已經(jīng)給出,要求填出具體細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容說(shuō)明主題。全文是一篇250詞左右的短文，朗讀三遍。第一遍是全文朗讀，沒(méi)有停頓，要求考生注意聽(tīng)懂全文內(nèi)容。第二遍朗讀時(shí)，第一部分在每個(gè)空格之后略有停頓，讓考生填入所缺單詞；第二部分之后停頓，讓考生根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容寫(xiě)出主要意思。第三遍同第一遍一樣，沒(méi)有停頓，供考生進(jìn)行核對(duì)?！皬?fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)”旨在考核學(xué)生的聽(tīng)的能力、拼寫(xiě)能力、記筆記能力和書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。聽(tīng)寫(xiě)和填空的取材主要圍繞日常生活、科技發(fā)展、歷史起源、人物回顧、文化娛樂(lè)等。在做復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)時(shí)考生應(yīng)注意：1.利用聽(tīng)音準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間閱讀文章已經(jīng)給出的部分，了解文章的大意和某些詞語(yǔ)的信息，推測(cè)所缺單詞的詞性，提高聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的準(zhǔn)確性。2.第一遍放音時(shí)，不要急于填寫(xiě)完整某個(gè)空白，跟上錄音的節(jié)奏。只有從整體上對(duì)聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容有連貫的反應(yīng)，才能在局部上更好的填寫(xiě)所缺的詞。3.第二遍放音時(shí)，要快速填寫(xiě)，對(duì)于長(zhǎng)句可以先寫(xiě)個(gè)頭，爭(zhēng)取把重要的信息都包括上?；蛟S有的地方?jīng)]有寫(xiě)全，不要著急，跟上節(jié)奏，然后再回頭解決沒(méi)有寫(xiě)完的單詞。4.第三遍放音時(shí)，檢查遺漏之處，仔細(xì)核對(duì)填寫(xiě)的東西,如果有漏寫(xiě)的要補(bǔ)上,同時(shí)注意單詞的拼寫(xiě)、大小寫(xiě)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等，盡量使答案完整。單個(gè)詞語(yǔ)填空不要空，盡量運(yùn)用拼寫(xiě)知識(shí)寫(xiě)上。但對(duì)于長(zhǎng)句子的填空，如果只有不影響句意的一個(gè)詞不會(huì)拼寫(xiě)，就不要補(bǔ)了，以免弄巧成拙。綜上所述,是針對(duì)四級(jí)聽(tīng)力的主要題型的一些應(yīng)試技巧。除此之外，考生應(yīng)記住在對(duì)話聽(tīng)力理解中“所聽(tīng)非所答”，即直接聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容往往不是答案。而短文聽(tīng)力理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題型中則是“所聽(tīng)即所答”，由于短文較長(zhǎng)，答案常是考生直接聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容。在考試時(shí)，考生還應(yīng)注意充分且合理的利用各部分錄音播放Directions的時(shí)間,快速瀏覽該部分各題，并做出合理的猜測(cè)。根據(jù)各部分指令所占時(shí)間的不同，要進(jìn)行合理的分配。

英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)聽(tīng)力中必須掌握的態(tài)度詞匯favorableadj.贊成的，有利的,贊許的,良好的enthusiasticadj.狂熱，熱心,積極性supportiveadj.支持的，支援的defensive為……而辯護(hù)objection/opposition反對(duì)detestation/hatredn.憎惡，厭惡的人,嫌惡indignation憤慨contemptn.輕視，輕蔑,恥辱,不尊敬compromisingn.妥協(xié)，折衷v.妥協(xié)，折衷worriedadj.悶悶不樂(lè)的，焦慮的Formal（informal）正式，禮儀,