材料科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

SpecialEnglishforMaterialsScienceandEngineeringUnit8Superalloy材料科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

SpecialEnglishfoUint8Superalloy

Uint8Superalloy

coatingofsuperalloys

Productsfromsuperalloys,whicharesubjectedtohighworkingtemperaturesandcorrosiveatmosphere(likefirststagesofturbinebladesofthejetengines)arecoatedwithvariouskindsofcoatings.Mainly,twokindsofcoatingprocessesareapplied:packcementationprocessandgasphasecoating.BothofthemareCVDcoatings.Inmostcases,afterthecoatingprocess,near-surfaceregionsofpartsareenrichedwithaluminum,thematrixofthecoatingisnickelaluminide.coatingofsuperalloys

Besubjectedto受到…；經(jīng)受…Corrosive英[k?'r??s?v]美[k?'ros?v]adj.腐蝕的；侵蝕性的n.腐蝕物firststage第一階段的；第一級(jí)的；第一期的turbine英['t??ba?n;-?n]美['t?ba?n]n.[動(dòng)力]渦輪；[動(dòng)力]渦輪機(jī)jetengine[航]噴射發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)（等于jet，jetmotor）becoatedwith用…包上；表面覆蓋有…；表面鍍…coatingprocess涂層工藝，涂層方法apply實(shí)施，應(yīng)用CVDcoating化學(xué)氣相鍍膜near-surface近地表regionsn.地區(qū)；地域；領(lǐng)域（region的復(fù)數(shù)）beenrichedwith豐富了matrix英

['me?tr?ks]美

['metr?ks]n.[數(shù)]矩陣；模型nickel英['n?k(?)l]美['n?kl]n.鎳

aluminide[?'lju:minaid]n.鋁化合物nickelaluminide鋁化鎳Besubjectedto受到…；經(jīng)受…翻譯：超耐熱合金涂料超耐高溫合金的產(chǎn)品經(jīng)受得住高的工作溫度和腐蝕性環(huán)境（像噴氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的渦輪機(jī)葉片的第一階段），其表面覆蓋著各種各樣的涂料。大體上，有兩種涂層工藝得到了應(yīng)用：包埋工藝和氣相涂層。這兩者都屬于化學(xué)氣相鍍膜。在大多數(shù)情況下，涂層工藝結(jié)束之后，靠近鋁表面區(qū)域的部分被豐富了，最終得到的涂層模型是鋁化鎳。翻譯：PackcementationprocessThepackcementationprocessiscarriedoutatlowertemperatures(about750℃(Celsiusdegree)).Thepartsareloadedintoboxes,whichcontainamixtureofpowders:activecoatingmaterial,containingaluminum,activator(chlorineorfluoride)andthermalballast,likealuminumoxide.Athightemperaturesthegaseousaluminumchlorine(orfluoride)istransferredtothesurfaceofpartanddiffusesinside(mostly,inwarddiffusion).Aftertheendoftheprocesstheso-called“greencoating”isproduced,whichistoothinandbrittlefordirectuse.Asubsequentdiffusionheattreatment(severalhoursattemperaturesabout1080℃)leadstothefurtherinwarddiffusionandformationofthedesiredcoating.Packcementationprocesscementation英[,si?men'te??(?)n]美[,sim?n'te??n]n.黏固(作用)becarriedout進(jìn)行;被執(zhí)行;實(shí)現(xiàn)beloadedinto裝進(jìn);被加載到powdersn.粉末；散劑（powder的復(fù)數(shù)）coatingmaterial[涂料]涂料；涂層材料；飾面材料；覆蓋材料aluminum英[?'lju?m?n?m]美[?'l?m?n?m]n.鋁activator英['?kt?ve?t?]美['?kt?,vet?]n.催化劑；[助劑]活化劑；[助劑]激活劑；觸媒劑chlorine英['kl??ri?n]美['kl?rin]n.[化學(xué)]氯（17號(hào)化學(xué)元素）fluoride英['fl??ra?d;fl??-]美['fl?ra?d]n.氟化物cementation英[,si?men'te??(?)thermal英['θ??m(?)l]美['θ?ml]adj.熱的，熱量的n.上升暖氣流ballast英['b?l?st]美['b?l?st]n.壓艙物，沙囊aluminumoxide氧化鋁；鋁氧土（等于alumina英[?'lu?m?n?]美[?'lum?n?]）gaseous英['g?s??s;'ge?s??s]美['ɡ?s??s]adj.氣態(tài)的，氣體的diffuse[di'fju:s]adj.彌漫的；散開的vt.擴(kuò)散；傳播；漫射vi.傳播；四散inward英['?nw?d]美['?nw?d]adj.向內(nèi)的；內(nèi)部的；精神的；本質(zhì)上的；熟悉的adv.向內(nèi)；內(nèi)心里n.內(nèi)部；內(nèi)臟；密友so-called英[,s??'k?:ld]美[,so'k?ld]adj.所謂的；號(hào)稱的coating['k?uti?]n.涂層；包衣；衣料v.給…穿上外衣；蓋上（coat的ing形式）brittle英['br?t(?)l]美['br?tl]adj.易碎的，脆弱的；易生氣的subsequent英['s?bs?kw(?)nt]美['s?bs?kw?nt]adj.后來的，隨后的formation英[f??'me??(?)n]美[f?r'me??n]n.形成；構(gòu)造；編隊(duì)thermal英['θ??m(?)l]美['θ?ml]翻譯:包埋過程包埋過程是在較低溫度下(約750℃)進(jìn)行的.相關(guān)的組分被裝進(jìn)裝有混合粉末(一種活性涂層材料,含有鋁,催化劑(氯或者氟化物),和熱壓載,如氧化鋁)的箱子里.高溫下氣態(tài)的氯化鋁或氟化鋁可以從超耐熱合金內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移到表面.反應(yīng)過程結(jié)束之后,即得到所謂的“綠色涂料”,但這種涂料因其非常薄而且易碎,所以不可以直接使用.“綠色涂料”經(jīng)過隨后的擴(kuò)散熱處理（在1080溫度℃熱處理幾個(gè)小時(shí)）后導(dǎo)致其內(nèi)部發(fā)生進(jìn)一步的擴(kuò)散，最終形成理想的涂層。翻譯:introductionChemicaldevelopmentProcessdevelopmentApplicationsMetallurgyofsuperalloysCoatingofsuperalloysPackcementationprocessGasphasecoatingSuperalloysinthefutureintroductionChemicaldevelopmeNewwordsSuperalloy超耐熱合金Austenitic奧氏體的Gasturbine燃?xì)鉁u輪Indicator指示器Crucial至關(guān)緊要的Fatigue疲乏的Precipitate沉淀物Encapsulate裝入膠囊Yieldstress屈服應(yīng)力Carbide碳化物NewwordsNewwordsAluminium鋁Chromium鉻Titanium鈦Cobalt鈷Molybdenum鉬Tungsten鎢Tantalum鉭Zirconium鋯Niobium鈮Rhenium錸Hafnium鉻Ruthenium釕Metalloid非金屬Contamination污染Rupturestrength斷裂強(qiáng)度Sublattice子格NewwordsAluminium鋁NewwordsCoating涂料Tray托盤Activator催化劑Cementation黏固（作用）Fluoride氟化物Diffusion擴(kuò)散Ballast壓艙物Radiolysis射解（作用）NewwordsCoating涂料Theavailabilityofsuperalloysduringpastdecadeshasledtosteadyincreaseintheturbineentrytemperaturesandtrendisexpectedtocontinue.Ledto:導(dǎo)致在過去的幾十年里，超耐熱合金已用于制造渦輪，這使渦輪的進(jìn)口溫度不斷提高，而且這種發(fā)展趨勢(shì)仍在繼續(xù)。TheavailabilityofsuperalloyDiscussionWhataresuperalloys?Forexamples.Wherehavesuperalloysbeenused?Givesomeapplications.Discussthefutureofsuperalloys.DiscussionWhataresuperalloys練習(xí)題2.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

High-performancealloy高性能合金

Mechanicalstrength力學(xué)強(qiáng)度Singlecrystalalloys單晶合金Oxidationandcorrosionresistance抗氧化和耐腐蝕性能Precipitationstrengthening沉淀強(qiáng)化Crystallinelattice

晶格練習(xí)題2.TranslatethefollowingSuperalloydevelopmenthasreliedheavilyonbothchemicalandprocessinnovationsandhasbeendrivenprimarilybytheaerospaceandpowerindustries.高溫合金的發(fā)展很大程度上依賴于化學(xué)和工藝創(chuàng)新,并且主要由航空航天和電力行業(yè)推動(dòng)。

Creepresistanceisdependentonslowingthespeedofdislocationswithinthecrystalstructure.蠕變強(qiáng)度取決于晶體結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部位錯(cuò)形成速度的放緩。SuperalloydevelopmenthasrelThehistoricaldevelopmentinsuperalloyprocessinghavebroughtaboutconsiderableincreasesinsuperalloyoperatingtemperatures.隨著高溫合金加工技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得高溫合金的操作溫度獲得了相當(dāng)?shù)奶嵘?/p>

Single-crystalsuperalloys(SCsuperalloys)areformedasasinglecrystalusingamodifiedversionofthedirectionalsolidificationtechnique,sotherearenograinboundariesinthematerial.單晶高溫合金（SC高溫合金）是利用改進(jìn)后的定向凝固技術(shù)合成的單晶，因此材料中不存在晶界。Thehistoricaldevelopmentin練習(xí)題3.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

面心立方晶體結(jié)構(gòu)face-centeredcubiccrystalstructure渦輪入口溫度turbineinlettemperature金屬材料metallic

material相穩(wěn)定性phasestability核反應(yīng)堆nuclear

reactor納米粒子的合成

nanoparticlesynthetic練習(xí)題3.Translatethefollowing典型的超耐熱合金具有奧氏體的面心立方晶體結(jié)構(gòu)。Superalloystypicallyhaveanausteniticface-centeredcubiccrystalstructure.

根據(jù)超耐熱合金的性質(zhì)，超耐熱合金的產(chǎn)品可以在高溫和腐蝕性環(huán)境中得到應(yīng)用。Accordingtothenatureofsuperalloys,theyareusedwherethereisneedforhightemperaturestrengthandcorrosion/oxidationresistance.典型的超耐熱合金具有奧氏體的面心立方晶體結(jié)構(gòu)。超耐熱合金主要用于航空工業(yè)、潛水、核反應(yīng)堆、軍用發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)等方面。Themainapplicationsofsuperalloysarethefollowing:spacevehicles;submarines;nuclearreactors;militaryelectricmotorsandsoon.

高溫下氣態(tài)的氯化鋁或氟化鋁可以從超耐熱合金內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移到表面。Athightemperaturesthegaseousaluminumchlorine(orfluoride)istransferredtothesurfaceofpartanddiffusesinside(mostly,inwarddiffusion).超耐熱合金主要用于航空工業(yè)、潛水、核反應(yīng)堆、軍用發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)等方面材料科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

SpecialEnglishforMaterialsScienceandEngineeringUnit8Superalloy材料科學(xué)與工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)

SpecialEnglishfoUint8Superalloy

Uint8Superalloy

coatingofsuperalloys

Productsfromsuperalloys,whicharesubjectedtohighworkingtemperaturesandcorrosiveatmosphere(likefirststagesofturbinebladesofthejetengines)arecoatedwithvariouskindsofcoatings.Mainly,twokindsofcoatingprocessesareapplied:packcementationprocessandgasphasecoating.BothofthemareCVDcoatings.Inmostcases,afterthecoatingprocess,near-surfaceregionsofpartsareenrichedwithaluminum,thematrixofthecoatingisnickelaluminide.coatingofsuperalloys

Besubjectedto受到…；經(jīng)受…Corrosive英[k?'r??s?v]美[k?'ros?v]adj.腐蝕的；侵蝕性的n.腐蝕物firststage第一階段的；第一級(jí)的；第一期的turbine英['t??ba?n;-?n]美['t?ba?n]n.[動(dòng)力]渦輪；[動(dòng)力]渦輪機(jī)jetengine[航]噴射發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)（等于jet，jetmotor）becoatedwith用…包上；表面覆蓋有…；表面鍍…coatingprocess涂層工藝，涂層方法apply實(shí)施，應(yīng)用CVDcoating化學(xué)氣相鍍膜near-surface近地表regionsn.地區(qū)；地域；領(lǐng)域（region的復(fù)數(shù)）beenrichedwith豐富了matrix英

['me?tr?ks]美

['metr?ks]n.[數(shù)]矩陣；模型nickel英['n?k(?)l]美['n?kl]n.鎳

aluminide[?'lju:minaid]n.鋁化合物nickelaluminide鋁化鎳Besubjectedto受到…；經(jīng)受…翻譯：超耐熱合金涂料超耐高溫合金的產(chǎn)品經(jīng)受得住高的工作溫度和腐蝕性環(huán)境（像噴氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的渦輪機(jī)葉片的第一階段），其表面覆蓋著各種各樣的涂料。大體上，有兩種涂層工藝得到了應(yīng)用：包埋工藝和氣相涂層。這兩者都屬于化學(xué)氣相鍍膜。在大多數(shù)情況下，涂層工藝結(jié)束之后，靠近鋁表面區(qū)域的部分被豐富了，最終得到的涂層模型是鋁化鎳。翻譯：PackcementationprocessThepackcementationprocessiscarriedoutatlowertemperatures(about750℃(Celsiusdegree)).Thepartsareloadedintoboxes,whichcontainamixtureofpowders:activecoatingmaterial,containingaluminum,activator(chlorineorfluoride)andthermalballast,likealuminumoxide.Athightemperaturesthegaseousaluminumchlorine(orfluoride)istransferredtothesurfaceofpartanddiffusesinside(mostly,inwarddiffusion).Aftertheendoftheprocesstheso-called“greencoating”isproduced,whichistoothinandbrittlefordirectuse.Asubsequentdiffusionheattreatment(severalhoursattemperaturesabout1080℃)leadstothefurtherinwarddiffusionandformationofthedesiredcoating.Packcementationprocesscementation英[,si?men'te??(?)n]美[,sim?n'te??n]n.黏固(作用)becarriedout進(jìn)行;被執(zhí)行;實(shí)現(xiàn)beloadedinto裝進(jìn);被加載到powdersn.粉末；散劑（powder的復(fù)數(shù)）coatingmaterial[涂料]涂料；涂層材料；飾面材料；覆蓋材料aluminum英[?'lju?m?n?m]美[?'l?m?n?m]n.鋁activator英['?kt?ve?t?]美['?kt?,vet?]n.催化劑；[助劑]活化劑；[助劑]激活劑；觸媒劑chlorine英['kl??ri?n]美['kl?rin]n.[化學(xué)]氯（17號(hào)化學(xué)元素）fluoride英['fl??ra?d;fl??-]美['fl?ra?d]n.氟化物cementation英[,si?men'te??(?)thermal英['θ??m(?)l]美['θ?ml]adj.熱的，熱量的n.上升暖氣流ballast英['b?l?st]美['b?l?st]n.壓艙物，沙囊aluminumoxide氧化鋁；鋁氧土（等于alumina英[?'lu?m?n?]美[?'lum?n?]）gaseous英['g?s??s;'ge?s??s]美['ɡ?s??s]adj.氣態(tài)的，氣體的diffuse[di'fju:s]adj.彌漫的；散開的vt.擴(kuò)散；傳播；漫射vi.傳播；四散inward英['?nw?d]美['?nw?d]adj.向內(nèi)的；內(nèi)部的；精神的；本質(zhì)上的；熟悉的adv.向內(nèi)；內(nèi)心里n.內(nèi)部；內(nèi)臟；密友so-called英[,s??'k?:ld]美[,so'k?ld]adj.所謂的；號(hào)稱的coating['k?uti?]n.涂層；包衣；衣料v.給…穿上外衣；蓋上（coat的ing形式）brittle英['br?t(?)l]美['br?tl]adj.易碎的，脆弱的；易生氣的subsequent英['s?bs?kw(?)nt]美['s?bs?kw?nt]adj.后來的，隨后的formation英[f??'me??(?)n]美[f?r'me??n]n.形成；構(gòu)造；編隊(duì)thermal英['θ??m(?)l]美['θ?ml]翻譯:包埋過程包埋過程是在較低溫度下(約750℃)進(jìn)行的.相關(guān)的組分被裝進(jìn)裝有混合粉末(一種活性涂層材料,含有鋁,催化劑(氯或者氟化物),和熱壓載,如氧化鋁)的箱子里.高溫下氣態(tài)的氯化鋁或氟化鋁可以從超耐熱合金內(nèi)部轉(zhuǎn)移到表面.反應(yīng)過程結(jié)束之后,即得到所謂的“綠色涂料”,但這種涂料因其非常薄而且易碎,所以不可以直接使用.“綠色涂料”經(jīng)過隨后的擴(kuò)散熱處理（在1080溫度℃熱處理幾個(gè)小時(shí)）后導(dǎo)致其內(nèi)部發(fā)生進(jìn)一步的擴(kuò)散，最終形成理想的涂層。翻譯:introductionChemicaldevelopmentProcessdevelopmentApplicationsMetallurgyofsuperalloysCoatingofsuperalloysPackcementationprocessGasphasecoatingSuperalloysinthefutureintroductionChemicaldevelopmeNewwordsSuperalloy超耐熱合金Austenitic奧氏體的Gasturbine燃?xì)鉁u輪Indicator指示器Crucial至關(guān)緊要的Fatigue疲乏的Precipitate沉淀物Encapsulate裝入膠囊Yieldstress屈服應(yīng)力Carbide碳化物NewwordsNewwordsAluminium鋁Chromium鉻Titanium鈦Cobalt鈷Molybdenum鉬Tungsten鎢Tantalum鉭Zirconium鋯Niobium鈮Rhenium錸Hafnium鉻Ruthenium釕Metalloid非金屬Contamination污染Rupturestrength斷裂強(qiáng)度Sublattice子格NewwordsAluminium鋁NewwordsCoating涂料Tray托盤Activator催化劑Cementation黏固（作用）Fluoride氟化物Diffusion擴(kuò)散Ballast壓艙物Radiolysis射解（作用）NewwordsCoating涂料Theavailabilityofsuperalloysduringpastdecadeshasledtosteadyincreaseintheturbineentrytemperaturesandtrendisexpectedtocontinue.Ledto:導(dǎo)致在過去的幾十年里，超耐熱合金已用于制造渦輪，這使渦輪的進(jìn)口溫度不斷提高，而且這種發(fā)展趨勢(shì)仍在繼續(xù)。TheavailabilityofsuperalloyDiscussionWhataresuperalloys?Forexamples.Wherehavesuperalloysbeenused?Givesomeapplications.Discussthefutureofsuperalloys.DiscussionWhataresuperalloys練習(xí)題2.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

High-performancealloy高性能合金

Mechanicalstrength力學(xué)強(qiáng)度Singlecrystalalloys單晶合金Oxidationandcorrosionresistance抗氧化和耐腐蝕性能Precipitationstrengthening沉淀強(qiáng)化Crystallinelattice

晶格練習(xí)題2.TranslatethefollowingSuperalloydevelopmenthasreliedheavilyonbothchemicalandprocessinnovationsandhasbeendrivenprimarilybytheaerospaceandpowerindustries.高溫合金的發(fā)展很大程度上依賴于化學(xué)和工藝創(chuàng)新,并且主要由航空航天和電力行業(yè)推動(dòng)。

Creepresistanceisdependentonslowingthespeedofdislocationswithinthecrystalstructure.蠕變強(qiáng)度取決于晶體結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部位錯(cuò)形成速度的放緩。SuperalloydevelopmenthasrelThehistoricald