英語(yǔ)思辨考題英語(yǔ)思辨考題英語(yǔ)思辨考題資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月英語(yǔ)思辨考題版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：英語(yǔ)思辨考試試題單選題Onthebasisofadistinctioncoveredsofar,dividetheseitemsintotwogroupsthatalltheitemsinonegrouphaveafeaturethatnoneoftheitemsinthesecondgrouphave.Thenchoosetheitemswhichbelongto

Group1andGroup2.(Hint:Group1hasmoreitemsthanGroup2.)2.Group2A.Youshouldn'tbuythatcarbecauseitisugly.B.Walkingisthebestexercise.Itplacestheleaststressonyourjoints.C.Poohismyfavoritecartooncharacterbecausehehaslotsofpersonality.D.You’llbeabletofindacalendaronsaleafterthefirstoftheyear,soitisagoodideatowaituntilthentobuyone.正確答案CWhich

of

the

following

claims

are

objective1.NickiMinajcanfakeagreatEnglishaccent.A.Objective

B.Subjective2.Greenisthemostpleasantcolortolookat.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective3.Operawouldbeeasiertolistentoifthey'dleaveoutthesinging.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective4.Pitviperscanstrikeawarm-bloodedanimalevenwhenitispitchdark.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective5.FallontellsbetterjokesthanLetterman.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective6.Yourteacherwouldbecrazynottocomplainifyoutextinclass.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective7.Halloween5scaredtheyou-know-whatoutofmysister.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective8.JohnKerryhasquiteanunusualchin.A.ObjectiveB.Subjective正確答案BBBABBAAWhich

of

the

following

claims

pertain

to

right/wrong,

good/bad,

or

should/shouldn't1.WedidtherightthinggettingridofSaddam.Hewasasadistictyrant.A.Pertainstomoralright/wrongB.Pertainstoaestheticgood/badC.Doesn'tpertain2.It'stimeyoustartingthinkingaboutsomebodyotherthanyourself!A.Pertainstomoralright/wrongB.Pertainstoaestheticgood/badC.Doesn'tpertain3.TheFBIandCIAdon'tshareinformationallthatoften,atleastthat'swhatI'veheard.A.Pertainstomoralright/wrongB.Pertainstoaestheticgood/badC.Doesn'tpertain4.Hiphopisbetterthancountry,anyday.A.Pertainstomoralright/wrongB.Pertainstoaestheticgood/badC.Doesn'tpertain5.IfwewanttostopthedeclineinenrollmentshereatChaffee,weneedtogivestudentsskillstheycanuse.A.Pertainstomoralright/wrongB.Pertainstoaestheticgood/badC.Doesn'tpertain正確答案AACBCForeachnumberedpassage,identifywhichlettereditembeststatestheprimaryissuediscussedinthepassage.Bepreparedtosaywhyyouthinkyourchoiceisthecorrectone.1.LetmetellyouwhyHankoughtnottotakethatmathcourse.First,it'stoohard,andhe'llprobablyflunkit.Second,he'sgoingtospendthewholeterminastateoffrustration.Third,he'llprobablygetdepressedanddopoorlyinalltherestofhiscourses.A.whetherHankoughttotakethemathcourseB.whetherHankwouldflunkthemathcourseC.whetherHankwillspendthewholeterminastateoffrustrationD.whetherHankwillgetdepressedanddopoorlyinalltherestofhiscourses2.It'sclearthatthemainstreammediahavelostinterestinclassicalmusic.Forexample,theNBCnetworkusedtohaveitsownclassicalorchestraconductedbyArturoToscanini,butnosuchorchestraexistsnow.Onenewspaper,theno-longer-existentWashingtonStar,usedtohavethirteenclassicalmusicreviewers;that'smorethantwiceasmanyasTheNewYorkTimeshasnow.H.L.Menckenandothercolumnistsusedtodevoteconsiderablespacetoclassicalmusic;nowadays,youalmostneverseeitmentionedinamajorcolumn.A.whetherpopulartastehasturnedawayfromclassicalmusicB.whethernewspapersareemployingfewerwritersonclassicalmusicC.whetherthemainstreammediahavelostinterestinclassicalmusic3.Thedefeatoftheschoolvoucherinitiativewasabadthingforthecountrybecausenowpublicschoolswon'thaveanyincentivetocleanuptheiract.Furthermore,thedefeatperpetuatestheprivate-school-for-the-rich,public-school-for-the-poorsyndrome.A.whetherpublicschoolsnowhaveanyincentivetocleanuptheiractB.whetherthedefeatoftheschoolvoucherinitiativewasbadforthecountryC.whetherpublicschoolsnowhaveanyincentivetocleanuptheiractandwhethertheprivate-school-for-the-rich,public-school-for-the-poorsyndromewillbeperpetuated(issuesareequallystressed)4.Mostpeopleyoufindonuniversityfacultiesarepeoplewhoareinterestedinideas.Andthemostinterestingideasareusuallynewideas.Somostpeopleyoufindonuniversityfacultiesareinterestedinnewideas.Therefore,youarenotgoingtofindmanyconservativesonuniversityfaculties,becauseconservativesarenotusuallyinterestedinnewideas.A.whetherconservativesareinterestedinnewideasB.whetheryou'llfindmanyconservativesonuniversityfacultiesC.whetherpeopleonuniversityfacultiesareinterestedmoreinnewideasthaninolderideasD.whethermostpeoplearecorrect正確答案ACBBForeachnumberedpassageinthisexercise,identifywhichlettereditembeststatestheprimaryissuediscussedinthepassage.Bepreparedtosaywhyyouthinkyourchoiceisthecorrectone.1.Inpre–civilwarSpain,theinfluenceoftheCatholicChurchmusthavebeenmuchstrongeronwomenthanonmen.Youcandeterminethisbylookingatthenumberofreligiouscommunities,suchasmonasteries,nunneries,andsoforth.Atotalofabout5,000suchcommunitiesexistedin1931;4,000ofthemwerefemale,whereasonly1,000ofthemweremale.ThisprovesmypointabouttheChurch'sinfluenceonthesexes.A.whethertheCatholicChurch'sinfluencewasstrongeronwomenthanonmeninpre–civilwarSpainB.whetherthespeaker'sstatisticsreallyprovehispointabouttheChurch'sinfluenceC.whetherthefiguresaboutreligiouscommunitiesreallyhaveanythingtodowiththeoverallinfluenceoftheCatholicChurchinSpain2.Fromthewayittastes,youmightthinkFrenchroasthasmorecaffeineinitthanregularcoffee,butithasless.Thedarkertheroast,thelesscaffeinethereisinit.IreadthisinConsumerReports.A.whetherConsumerReportsisagoodsourceofinformationaboutcoffeeB.whetherFrenchroasthasmorecaffeinethanregularcoffeeC.whethermostpeoplethinkFrenchroasthasmorecaffeinethanregularcoffee3.Thewinnerofthisyear'sspellingbeeisastraight-Astudentwhosefavoritesubjectisscience,whichisn'tsurprising,sincestudentsinterestedinsciencelearntopayattentiontodetails.A.whetherthewinnerofthisyear'sspellingbeeisastraight-AstudentB.whethersciencestudentslearntopayattentiontodetailsC.whetherlearningsciencewillimproveastudent'sabilitytospellD.whetherlearningscienceteachesastudenttopayattentiontodetailsE.noneoftheabove4.YOU:So,whatdoyouthinkofthegovernorYOURFRIEND:Notmuch,actually.YOU:WhatdoyoumeanDon'tyouthinkshe'sbeenprettygood

YOURFRIEND:AreyouseriousYOU:Well,yes.Ithinkshe'sbeendoingafinejob.YOURFRIEND:Oh,comeon.Weren'tyoucomplainingaboutherjustafewdaysagoA.whetheryourfriendthinksthegovernorhasbeenagoodgovernorB.whetheryouthinkthegovernorhasbeenagoodgovernorC.whetherthegovernorhasbeenagoodgovernorD.whetheryouhaveagoodargumentforthinkingthegovernorhasbeenagoodgovernor正確答案ABECSomeoftheseitemsarearguments,andsomearenot.Whicharewhich1.TipsarevicisunlikelytowintheU.S.Openthisyear.Hehasanaggingleginjury,plushedoesn'thavethedriveheoncehad.A.Argument

B.Notanargument2.EverybodyissayingthepresidentearnedtheNobelPrize.Whatastupididea!Hehasn'tearneditatall.There'snotalickoftruthinthatnotion.A.Argument

B.Notanargument3.PROFESSORX:Well,Iseewherethenewchancellorwantstoincreaseclasssizes.PROFESSORY:Yeah,anotherofhisbrightideas.PROFESSORX:Actually,Idon'tthinkithurtstohaveoneortwoextrapeopleinclass.PROFESSORY:WhatOfcourseithurts.Whateverareyouthinking

PROFESSORX:Well,Ijustthinktherearegoodreasonsforincreasingtheclasssizeabit.A.Argument

B.Notanargument4.JohnMontgomeryhasbeentheEasternBaseballLeague'sbestcloserthisseason.Unfortunately,whenaclosergetsshelled,asMontgomerydidlastnight,ittakeshimawhiletorecover.Nobodywillsayheisthebestcloserafterthatperformance.A.ArgumentB.Notanargument正確答案ABBAChoose

the

right

answer

or

answers.1.Educatedguessesorrulesofthumbareoftencalled________.A.fallaciesB.shortcutsC.heuristics2.Emotion,greed,andbiasareallfactorsthatcan______criticalthinking.A.supportB.undermine4.AllDobermansaredogs.Somedogsliketobark.ThereforesomeDobermansliketobark.Thetendencytoacceptthisargumentatfirstglancemaybedueto_______.A.self-servingbiasB.negativitybiasC.confirmationbiasD.beliefbias5.Thisbiasispresentwhenmostmembersofagroupthinktheyarebetteratsomethingthanmostothermembersofthegroup.A.Better-than-averageillusionB.FundamentalattributionerrorC.BeliefbiasD.Bandwagoneffect6.WhatbiasisineffectwhenyouassumethatthecandidatewhosenameyouseethemostoftenisprobablythemostpopularcandidateA.ObediencetoauthorityB.AvailabilityheuristicC.MajorityrulesD.Bandwagoneffect正確答案CBDABChoose

the

right

answer.1.Anargumentconsistsof,atminimum,___________.A.aconclusionB.onepremiseandaconclusionC.twoormorepremisesandconclusionD.apremise3.Suzanneis99%certainmostofhertestanswersarecorrect.Inreality,mostofheranswersarenotcorrect.WhattypeofbiasmightSuzannebedemonstratingA.OverconfidenceeffectB.PoorestimationC.Beliefbias4.CharlesandhiscolleagueMike’schildrenattendclassesatthesameschool.Charlesbelievesthathischildren'sexceptionalperformanceatschoolisduetotheirsuperiorintelligence.Healwaysattributestheiroccasionalfailurestobadluck.Ontheotherhand,hebelievesthatMike'schildrenachievehightestscoresduetosheerluckandtendstoattributetheirfailurestoapossiblelackofhardworkanddedication.WhichofthefollowingisillustratedinthisscenarioA.In-groupbiasB.AvailabilityheuristicC.BandwagoneffectD.Selectionbias5.Acriticalthinkertriesto________.A.overstateconclusionsB.evaluateargumentsC.understateconclusionsD.persuadeanaudience6.Afterseeinganumberofreportsconcerningsharkattacks,youdecidenottovisitthebeachforspringbreak.WhichcognitivebiasisatplayA.In-groupbiasB.BandwagoneffectC.Availabilityheuristic正確答案BAABCChoose

the

right

answer.1.Thisisthetendencytocarryoutordersfromasuperiorwithoutquestion.A.NegativityBiasB.BandwagoneffectC.FundamentalattributionerrorD.Obediencetoauthority2.Themethodusedtocometocorrectconclusionsistoevaluateourthinkingbystandardsof______.A.informationaltheoryB.logicandcommonsenseC.statistics,history,andresearch3.WhattypesofargumentsshouldyouavoidA.Weak,invalidandirrelevantB.Strong,invalid,andrelevantC.Weak,valid,andrelevantD.Strong,valid,andrelevant4._________istheideathatifapersonthinkssomethingismorallywrong,thenitismorallywrongforthatpersonandhe/shedoesnotneedtoconsideranyfurthertruth.A.MoralabsolutismB.MoralobjectivismC.Moralsubjectivism5.Whatistheresultofexpressingabelief,judgment,oropinioninadeclarativesentenceA.AclaimB.AquestionC.Anexclamation正確答案DBACASomeoftheseitemsarebestviewedasdeductiveargumentsandsomeasinductivearguments.Whicharewhich?1.Nomaytentreeisdeciduous,andallnondeciduoustreesareevergreens.Itfollowsthatallmaytentreesareevergreens.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.Inductivesupport2.I'venevermetagoldenretrieverwithanastydisposition.Ibettherearen'tany.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.Inductivesupport3.Bidenwillmakeafinepresident.Afterall,hemadeafinevicepresident.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.Inductivesupport4.It'swrongtohurtsomeone'sfeelings,andthatisexactlywhatyouaredoingwhenyouspeaktomelikethat.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.Inductivesupport正確答案ABBAWhichofthefollowingitemsareintendedtobedeductiveargumentsandwhichareintendedtobeinductivearguments?1.MissScarlet'sfingerprintswereontheknifeusedtokillColonelMustard.Furthermore,hewaskilledinthepantry,andshewastheonlypersonwhohadakeytothepantry.Clearlyshekilledthecolonel.A.DeductiveB.Inductive2.Sparkyisscratchingagain.Hemusteitherhaveaskininfectionorfleabites.A.DeductiveB.Inductive3.Ididn'tgetenoughsleeplastnight;thereforeIshouldgettobedearliertonight.A.DeductiveB.Inductive4.Icanhearyoulotsbetternow!Youmustbeholdingthephoneinadifferentposition.A.DeductiveB.Inductive正確答案BBABSomeofthesepassagesarebestviewedasattempteddeductivedemonstrations,andothersarebestviewedasofferinginductivesupport.Whicharewhich?1.Allmammalsarewarm-bloodedcreatures,andallwhalesaremammals.Therefore,allwhalesarewarm-bloodedcreatures.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.InductivesupportC.Both2.Thebrainsofratsraisedinenrichedenvironmentswithavarietyoftoysandpuzzlesweighmorethanthebrainsofratsraisedinmorebarrenenvironments.Therefore,thebrainsofhumanswillweighmoreifhumansareplacedinintellectuallystimulatingenvironments.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.InductivesupportC.Both3.We'veinterviewedtwohundredprofessionalfootballplayers,and60percentofthemfavorexpandingtheseasontotwentygames.Therefore,60percentofallprofessionalfootballplayersfavorexpandingtheseasontotwentygames.A.DeductivedemonstrationB.InductivesupportC.Both4.BelieveinGodYes,ofcourseIdo.Theuniversecouldn'thavearisenbychance,coulditBesides,IreadtheotherdaythatmoreandmorephysicistsbelieveinGod,basedonwhatthey'refindingoutaboutthebigbangandallthatstuff.

A.DeductivedemonstrationB.InductivesupportC.Both5.Fromanofficememo:“I'vegotagoodpersonforyouropeninginAccounting.JesseBrownishisname,andhe'sassharpastheycome.Jessehasasolidbackgroundinbookkeeping,andhe'sgoodwithcomputers.He'salsoreliable,andhe'llprojecttherightimage.Hewilldoafinejobforyou.”A.DeductivedemonstrationB.InductivesupportC.Both正確答案ABBCBIdentifyeachofthefollowingaseitherIBE,balanceofconsiderationsreasoningorneitherofthem.1.Let'sgonow.Iknowyouwantedtoworkintheyard,butifwewaitlonger,wewon'tmakethemovie.Plus,it'sgonnagetcoldifwedon'tmaketracks.A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningc.C.neitheroftheabove2.Allthingsconsidered,we'dbebetterofftakingtheSuburban.Plus,let'sgetAAAtohelpusmakereservations.A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove3.It'slongertakingthe405,butyoucandrivefaster—thoughwhoknowswhatthetraffic'slikeatthishour.Iwouldsayifyouwanttoplayitsafe,stayonthe5.A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove4.Sherryseemsrightforthejobtome.ShespeaksFrench,knowsbiology,haspeopleskills,andmakesagreatimpression.Theonlydownsideis,shecan'tstartuntilOctober.Thatprettymucheliminatesher,unfortunately.A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove正確答案BBBBIdentifyeachofthefollowingaseitherIBE,balanceofconsiderationsreasoningorneitherofthem.1.Thesetomatoesgotplentyofsunlightandwater.Theonlythingthatcouldaccountfortheirbeingrottenisthesoil.A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove2.Prigletmessedonthecarpetagain!IshesickdoyousupposeOrishetryingtotellussomethingItseemslikehedoesthatonlywhenweleavehimaloneforalongtime.Ibethejusthasaweakbladder.

A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove3.“ThemanIfoundintheroomwasdefinitelyafighterandasmartonetoo.Hehidhisgun,chestrack,andhandgrenadesjustoutofreachandwellenoughforusnottoseethemonourinitialentryintotheroom.”

—MarkOwen,NoEasyWayA.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove4.Iamreadingthissentence;thereforeIamalive.A.IBEB.balanceofconsiderationsreasoningC.neitheroftheabove正確答案AABCWhichofthefollowinginstancesof“because”arefollowedbyacause,andwhicharefollowedbyapremise?1.We'vehadsomuchhotweatherrecentlybecausethejetstreamisunusuallyfarnorth.A.“Because”isfollowedbyacause.B.“Because”isfollowedbyapremise.2.Kenmowsthelawninhisbarefeetbecausehedoesn'trealizehowdangerousitis.A.“Because”isfollowedbyacause.B.“Because”isfollowedbyapremise.3.Youhavehighbloodpressurebecauseyouovereat.A.“Because”isfollowedbyacause.B.“Because”isfollowedbyapremise.4.It'sagoodbetIranwantstobuildnuclearweaponsbecausetheUNinspectorsfounddevicesfortheenrichmentofplutonium.A.“Because”isfollowedbyacause.B.“Because”isfollowedbyapremise.正確答案AAABWhatdoeseachdiagramdisplay—aorb?1.A.1supports3,asdoes2.B.1incombinationwith2demonstrates3.2.A.Inviewof5,3mustbetrue,anditmustalsobetruebecauseof2,whichfollowsfrom1combinedwith4.B.2mustbetruebecauseof1incombinationwith4;and2and5combineddemonstrate3.正確答案ABChoosetherightanswer.1.WhichoftheseisanargumentA.Iamagreatthinker.B.Ithink.ThereforeIam.C.IbelievethatIexist.2.WhatarethetwopartsofanargumentA.StatementandconclusionB.PremiseandconclusionC.PremiseandreasoningD.Premiseandstatement3.“1)Shewasoutlatelastnightwhichledto2)herbeingoverlytiredthismorning.3)So,shewon’tshowupforclass.”HowwouldyoumapthisA.1-2-3B.2-1-3C.3-2-1正確答案BBAChoosetherightanswer.1.“Thefinancialcostofthedeathpenaltyislessthatoflifeinprison.Also,itdoesnotdetercrime.”WhatisneededtomakethisintoanargumentA.AconclusionB.Apremise2.WhichwordorwordsindicateaconclusionisabouttofollowA.HoweverB.ThereasonisC.Consequently3.WhichofthesewordsindicatesapremiseA.ThereforeB.SinceC.ConsequentlyD.Hence4.WhichtypeofpersuasionreliesoninformationorargumentsA.LogosB.PathosC.Ethos5.“Ihavetovoteforhim.Heisfrommyhometown.”ThisisanexampleofA.EthosB.PathosC.Logos正確答案ACBAA1.Theconclusionofanargumentisalsocalledthe_______.A.thesisB.answerC.argumentD.premise2.“Haroldisatwin.Therefore,Haroldhasasibling.”WhatistheunstatedpremiseA.Alltwinshavesiblings.B.Haroldisnotanonlychild.3.Inadeductiveargument,thepremises______theconclusion.A.supportB.demonstrate4.WhattypeofreasoninginvolvesweighingconsiderationsfororagainstmakingacertaindecisionA.RationalAdjudicationB.InferencetotheBestExplanationC.CommonSenseD.Balanceofconsiderations5.Thistypeofreasoningcomparesalternativehypothesestofindtheonewiththebestpredictiveaccuracy.A.CommonSenseExplanationB.InferencetotheBestExplanationC.BalanceofConsiderations正確答案AABDB1.Thefirstandessentialstepinunderstandinganargumentisto_______.A.spottheconclusionB.identifythepremiseC.determinewhetheritistrueD.determinewhetheritisvalid2.Amoviecanbeconsideredasa/an:A.noneoftheoptionsB.conclusionC.argumentD.premise3.Identifyatruestatementaboutpremises.A.Theyareabsentinapieceofpurerhetoric.B.Allthepremisesbeingusedtojustifyaconclusionmustbestatedexplicitly.C.Allthepremisesbeingusedtojustifyaconclusionmustbecommonlyknowntruths.D.Theyareabsentinanargument.5.Inaninductiveargument,whenthepremisesdonotadequatelysupporttheconclusion,theargumentis______.A.invalidB.unsoundC.weak正確答案AAAC1.Anargumentissound_____theargumentisvalidandthepremisesaretrue.A.generallywhenB.ifandonlyif2.AdeductiveargumentA.triestosupporttheconclusion.B.provesordemonstratestheconclusion.3.Whenthinkingcritically,“argument”meansA.aviolentconflictB.attempttosupportorprovesomething.C.aheatedexchange.4.WhichlistofwordsindicateaconclusionwillfollowA.Accordingly,consequently,thereforeB.Giventhat,because,sinceC.Accordingly,because,thereforeD.Hence,giventhat,because5.“IhaveanallergicreactiontonutssoIcouldn’teatthecake.Further,Idon’tlikechocolate.Hence,Iskippeddessert.”WhatwordindicatedtheconclusionA.SoB.HenceC.Further正確答案BBBAB2.Beliefsbasedonourobservationsareonlyasgoodasour______A.Abilitytointerpretourobservations.B.Memory.C.AbilitytointerpretourobservationsD.Memory.E.Abilitytoarticulateourobservations3.Therearetwogroundsforsuspicionwhencredibilityistheissue.WhataretheyA.TheclaimandyourownintuitionB.TheclaimandyourreactionC.CommonsenseandthemediaD.Theclaimitselfanditssource4.Whichoftheseisnotusuallyanimportantfactorinasource’scredibilityA.AppearanceB.ReputationC.PositionD.Education5.WhichisgenerallytrueoftalkradiohostsA.TheyoftenlieB.TheydonotdocumentassertedfactsC.Theydon’tpresentinterestingnewD.Theyoftenreflectapoliticalideology正確答案DDAD1.Thelargebodyofjustifiedbeliefswehaveaccumulatedfromourobservationsandfrominformationreceivedfromothersisour______.A.expertiseB.foundationalinformationC.backgroundknowledgeD.intellectualheritage2.Weshouldbeskepticalofaclaimitselfwhenacredibilityproblemispresentedbyits______.A.vaguenessB.forcefullanguageC.content3.Whichoftheseisthemostimportantfactorinconsideringawebsite’scredibilityA.WhoarethesourcesbehinditsinformationB.HowmanypeopleaccessitdailyC.HowlongithasbeeninexistenceD.Whatcompaniessupportitwiththeirmoney4.WhichofthesesourcesisdedicatedtofactcheckingA.TheEconomistB.CNNC.SD.WallStreetJournal5.WhichistrueA.Themajormetropolitannewspapersareteemingwithfactualerrors.B.Themajormetropolitannewspaperssometimesmakemistakeinreporting.C.Themajormetropolitannewspapersnevermakemistakeinreporting.正確答案CCACBChoosetherightanswer.1.Accordingtothetext,aclaimlacksinherentcredibilitywhenitconflictswithanyofthreethings.WhichoftheseisnotoneofthosethreethingsA.OthercredibleclaimsB.WhatwehaveourselvesobservedC.OurbackgroundinformationD.Thebeliefsofpeoplewelikeandadmire2.WhichofthesewouldprobablyNOTnegativelyinfluenceourobservationsandrecollectionsofaneventA.TirednessB.AttentionC.DistractionD.Emotions3.WhichoneoftheseprofessionsoftencarriesanegativebiasduetoanunkemptappearanceA.PoliticianB.ArtistC.LawyerD.Doctor4.WhichoneoftheseisnotagoodreasonforstereotypestobeignoredwhenjudgingapersonA.TheyprovidebackgroundinformationB.TheycreateaninitialbiasC.TheycreatefalsereputationsD.Theycloudpossiblegoodjudgment5.ConservativesaccusethenewsmediaofhavingwhatkindofaslantA.ModerateB.LiberalC.AtheistD.Religious6.Whatpercentofthecommentsfromprofessionalwebsiteevaluatorsarefocusedonawebsite’svisualdesignA.Morethan80%B.Lessthan20%C.Morethan50%正確答案DBBABBExample:Narcoticsarehabitforming.Answer:Inthisclaim,narcoticsreferstoindividualmembersoftheclassbecauseitisspecificnarcoticsthatarehabitforming.(Onedoesnotordinarilybecomeaddictedtotheentireclassofnarcotics.)?1.Swedeseatmillionsofquartsofyogurteveryday.A.AsagroupB.AsindividualsC.Ambiguous正確答案：A?2.StudentsatPleasantValleyHighSchoolenrollinhundredsofcourseseachyear.A.AsagroupB.AsindividualsC.Ambiguous正確答案：A?3.TheNewYorkGiantsplayedmediocrefootballlastyear.A.AsagroupB.AsindividualsC.Ambiguous正確答案：C解析：It'smorelikelythattheclaimreferstotheGiantsasagroup,butit'spossiblethatitreferstotheplayofindividuals.?4.Hundredsofpeoplehaveriddeninthattaxi.A.AsagroupB.AsindividualsC.Ambiguous正確答案：B?5.ChicagoansdrinkmorebeerthanNewYorkers.A.AsagroupB.AsindividualsC.Ambiguous正確答案：BWhichofeachsetofclaimssuffersleastfromexcessivevagueness,ambiguity,orexcessivegenerality?Example:a.Thetreesservedtomakeshadeforthepatio.b.Heservedhiscountryproudly.Answer:a;Theuseof“served”in(b)ismorevaguethanthatin(a).Weknowexactlywhatthetreesdid;wedon'tknowwhathedid.?1.A.Rooneyservedthechurchhisentirelife.B.Rooney'stennisserveisimpossibletoreturn.正確答案：B?2.A.Mintaturnedherankle.B.Mintaturnedtoreligion.正確答案：A?3.A.Timetoturnthegarden.B.Timetoturnoffthesprinkler.正確答案：B?4.A.Cliftonturnedoutthelight.B.Cliftonturnedoutthevote.正確答案：A?5.A.Porkersetagoodexample.B.Porkersettheworldrecordforthe100-meterdash.正確答案：B?1.Apianoisastringedinstrumentinwhichfelthammersaremadetostrikethestringsbyanarrangementofkeysandlevers.A.definedanalyticallyB.definedbysynonymC.definedbyexampleD.difficulttotell正確答案：A?2.TheredplanetisMars.A.definedanalyticallyB.definedbysynonymC.definedbyexampleD.difficulttotell正確答案：B?3.“Chiaroscuro”isjustafancywordforshading.A.definedanalyticallyB.definedbysynonymC.definedbyexampleD.difficulttotell正確答案：B?4.Asignificantothercanbetakentobeaperson'sspouse,lover,long-termcompanion,orjustgirlfriendorboyfriend.A.definedanalyticallyB.definedbysynonymC.definedbyexampleD.difficulttotell正確答案：C?1.Whenwritinganessay,youshouldstrivetobe_______in