Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland荒島生活Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。Whatwasexceptionalaboutthetwomen'sstayonthedesertisland?Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobeasortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.Lifethereissimpleandgood.Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Lifeonadesertislandiswretched.YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,Waitingforaboatwhichnevercomes.Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththesepictures,butfewushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.TheyweretakingabadlydamagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveitrepaired.Duringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andcansofbeerandrowedforafewmilesacrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,butthisdidnotprovetobeaproblem.Themencollectedrainwaterintherubberdinghy.Astheyhadbroughtaspeargunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday，and,asoneofthemputit'atelikekings'.Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.參考譯文我們許多人對于荒島生活有一種不切實際的想法。我們有時想象荒島是陽光終日普照的天堂。在那里，生活簡單又美好。成熟的水果從樹上掉下來，人們根本無需勞動。另一種想法恰恰相反，認為荒島生活很可怕，要么餓死，要么像魯濱孫那樣，天天盼船來，卻總沒見船影。也許，這兩種都像都有可信之處。但很少有人能有機會去弄個究竟。最近有兩個人在一座珊瑚島上呆了5天，他們真希望在那兒再多呆一些日子。他們駕著一條嚴重損壞的小船從維爾京群島阿密修理。途中，船開始下沉，他們迅速把食物、火柴、罐裝啤酒往一只救生筏上裝。然后在加勒比海上劃行了幾英里，到了一座珊瑚島上。島上幾乎沒有一顆樹，也沒有淡水，但這不算什么問題。他們用像皮艇蓄積雨水。由于他們隨身帶了一支捕魚槍，因此，吃飯不愁。他們天天捕捉龍蝦和魚，正如其中一位所說，吃得“像國王一樣好”。5天后，一條油輪從那兒路過，搭救了他們。這二位不得不離開那個荒島時，還真的感到遺憾呢!單詞講解Newwordsandexpressionsdesertisland荒島unrealistic[?nri?'listik]adj.不真實的paradise['p?r?dais]n.天堂；樂土wretched['ret?id]adj.可憐的，艱苦的starve[stɑ:v]v.挨餓element['elim?nt]n.成分opportunity[??p??tju:niti]n.機會coral['kɑ:?l]n.珊瑚VirginIslands維爾京群島Miami[mai'?mi]n.邁阿密（美國最南的城市）dinghy['di?gi]n.救生筏，小船Caribbean[k?ri'bi:?n]n.加勒比海捕魚槍speargun捕魚槍lobster['l?bst?]n.龍蝦tanker[t??k?]n.油輪genuinely['d?enjuinli]adv.由衷地RobinsonCrusoe魯濱孫?克魯索（小說《魯濱孫漂流記》主人公）Desert[?dez?t]n./a.沙漠[di’z?t]v.離開dessert[di’z?t]n.飯后甜點theSaharaDesert(NorthAfrica)eg.MarcopolowasthefirstEuropeantocrosstheGobiDesert.cactusn.仙人掌cameln.駱駝oasisn.綠洲miragen.海市蜃樓desertisland荒島barrenmountain光禿禿的山eg.Helivesinthemiddleofnowhere.islandn.島，島嶼Englandn.Anglo-Saxon:Englishpeninsulan.半島eg.Millionsofyearsago,Englandwasapeninsula.insulinn.胰島素(diabetes）insulatorn.絕緣體paradiseaplacewhereitisextremelybeautiful,pleasantparasiten.寄生蟲eg.Theparasitelivesintheparadise.eg.Hawaiiisparadiseashopper’sparadiseforsurfers.(surfer沖浪者)theGardenofEden：IntheBible,thegardenwhereAdamandEve,thefirsthumans，lived,oftenregardedasaplaceofhappinessandinnocence.heaven:theplacewhereGodisbelievedtoliveandwheregoodpeoplearebelievedtogowhentheydie.beinseventhheaven：tobeextremelyhappyeg．Ifeltinseventhheavenwhenenrolled/admittedbymycollage.anever-neverland:animaginaryplacewhereeverythingisperfect.eg.Tomanypeople,AmericaisliketheGardenofEdenoranever-neverland.But,tomanyothers,it’sahellonthecontrary.onthenever-never:BritishEnglish,ahumorouswaytosaythatyoubuysth,usu.ahouse,onthehire-purchasesystem.以分期付款方式（購買）eg.Nowadays,manypeoplebuythemselveshousesonthenever-never.elementn.元素->compoundtheperiodictableoftheelements元素周期表asmallamountofaquantityoffeeling少量的，有一點點兒（書面語）anelementofeg.Thereisanelementoftruthintheideathatacathasninelives.anelementofrisk有一點點風險eg.There’salwaysanelementofriskininvestment.anelementofsurprise有點驚訝anelementofdoubt有點懷疑theelements:theforcesofnature,theweather自然力，風雨等的力量battleagainstelements與自然作斗爭或抗衡elementaryadj.基本的，初級的elementaryschool(Am)primaryschool(Br)opportunityn.機會eg.Ifoundittoogoodanopportunitytomiss.ateveryopportunity:wheneverpossible只要一有機會eg.ItrytospeakEnglishateveryopportunity.chance:possibilitystandgoodchance大有機會eg.ChinaasthelargestdevelopingcountryintheworldstandsgoodchanceafterenteringW.T.O..achanceinamillion：achanceveryunlikelytohappen難得的機會；千載難逢eg.Peterfounditachanceinamilliontogotworkinchina,forheisinterestedinChinese.occasion:amomentwhensthhappenseg.Icouldmeetheroncertainoccasions.coraln.珊瑚ahardredorwhitesubstanceformedfromthebonesofverysmallseacreaturesacoralnecklaceacoralislandacoralreefVirginIslandsoneislandofwestIndiesvirgin:agirlwhohasneverhadsex處女；少女theBlessedVirginMary圣母瑪利亞avirginforest原始森林avirginpiece處女作virginsnow（puresnow）白雪maid:awomanwhoisnotmarried(指)沒有結(jié)婚的少女或女人ahouse-maid作雜物的女仆mermaid:agirlinstorywhohasafish’stailinsteadoflegs.Miami邁阿密AcityinthesoutheastofFloridaintheU.S.,whichispopularwithtourists.dinghy[?d??gi]n.asmallboatforracingdingy[?d?nd?i:]adingyroomtanker:ashiptocarrygasorliquid.oiltanker郵輪lifeboat救生船boat小船motorboat汽艇canoe獨木舟ferry輪渡junk(中國)平底帆船submarine潛水艇destroyer驅(qū)逐艦aircraftcarrier航空母艦freighter貨輪Noah’sark諾亞方舟BackgroundNotes:Noah’sark:intheoldTestamentoftheBible,amanchosenbyGodtobuildanarksothathecouldsavehisfamilyandtwoofeverykindofanimalthatlivedontheEarthfromtheterriblefloodwhichcoveredtheEarth.二、課文講解Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.formanunrealisticpictureoflife對…抱有一種不切實際的想法eg.Mostofushaveformedaunrealisticpictureofmarriage.Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobeasortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.imaginesthtobe把…想像成（tothinksthtobetrue）eg.Wesometimesimagineafamilytobeasortofparadise.我們時不時的就把家庭想象成一種人間天堂。thinksthtobethinkofsthas…asortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.asortofusedwhendescribingsomethinginanotveryexactwayeg.Whatdoyoumean?It’sasortofjoke.Don’ttakeitsoseriously.sortof:usedtosaythatsthispartlytrueeg.Doyoulovehim?Oh,Isortoflikehim.有一點喜歡吧，可能。Ittakesallsorts(tomakeaworld)不可思議tosaythatyouthinksbisbehavinginastrangerorcrazywayeg.Hegoesclimbingupcliffswithoutropeoranything?Oh,well,ittakesallsorts.Lifethereissimpleandgood.simpleandgoodthesimplelife:withoutalltheproblemsofthemodernworldeg.IhopeonedayIwillenjoythesimplelifeinthecountryside.It’snotassimpleasthat:可沒那么容易呢！usedtosaysthisnotaseasyasisimaginedeg.IwishIcouldofferyoumoremoneybutI’mafraidit’snotassimpleasthat.Ripefruitfallsfromthetreesandyouneverhavetowork.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Theothersideofthepictureistotallydifferent.eg.Ithinkquitetheopposite.eg.It’squiteanothercase.Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureofmarriage.Theysometimesimagineittobeasortofparadise.Buttheothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Manypeoplethinkittobeasortoftombforlove.Sorealitydoesn’tspeakthesamelanguageasimagination.MostofhaveformedanunrealisticpictureofAmerican.Theysometimesimagineittobeasortofapromisinglandwherethecityispavedwithgold.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Lifethereisonlyadesolatefuture.Lifeonadesertislandiswretched.YoueitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoe,waitingforaboatwhichnevercomes.eitherstarvetodeathorlivelikeRobinsonCrusoeeithermakeorbreakit不成功則成仁starvetodeath餓死scaretodeath怕的要死fighttodeath生命不息，戰(zhàn)斗不止besicktodeath(ofsth.)討厭死了，煩透了starveforbestarvedof渴望eg.Themotherlesschildstarvedforlove.waitingwaitingforaboatwhichnevercomeseg.Ialwayskeptstandinginthehotsun,waitingforabuswhichnevercame.Perhapsthereisanelementoftruthinboththesepictures,butfewofushavehadtheopportunitytofindout.CompositionTopic1:Ismoneythesourceofhappinessortherootofevil?錢是幸福之源還是罪惡之根呢？Topic2:Isfailureagoodthingorabadthing?失敗到底是件好事情還是件壞事情呢？Topic3:Whoisbetter,theLiberalArtsstudentsortheScienceStudents?哪一個比哪一個更強呢？到底是文科生呢？還是理科生呢？1.topicsentence(generalsentence)2.passage:presentation呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容3.conclusion論述的結(jié)果Topic2:Isfailureagoodthingorabadthing?eg.Ithinkfailurebeabadthingwhichcanbeturnedintoagoodone.Topic3:Whoisbetter,theLiberalArtsstudentsortheScienceStudents?eg.Myparentsarebothsciencestudents.WhentheTVisbroken,myfathercanmendit;whentheradiogoeswrong,mymothercanfixit,butwhenmycomputercrashed,Icanrepairit.eg.So,whoisbetter.Idon’tknowandIdon’tthinkanybodyknows.eg.Sosupposeyou’reinvitedbyafamousscientisttohavedinner,butatthesametime,afamouswriteraskedyoutohavedinnerwith,whocouldyouchoosetodinewith?eg.I’llfirstmakeaphonecalltothescientisttotellhimthere’sawriterwhowantstodinewithhim,andthenI’llcallthewritertotellhimthere’sascientistwhoinviteshimtodinner.AndIcanbeacompanion.Twomenwhorecentlyspentfivedaysonacoralislandwishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger.wishedtheyhadstayedtherelonger語氣：陳述語氣祈使語氣虛擬語氣語氣：虛擬語氣語法結(jié)構(gòu)和借助詞匯變化實現(xiàn)的。但目的卻是表示說話人主觀的一種祝愿，命令，建議，要求，或是用語法的結(jié)構(gòu)變化來明確提醒對方，說話人所表達的是不可能或難以實現(xiàn)的愿望。英語的subjunctivemood/thoughtmood要比漢語容易得多，中國人喜歡通過對方的口吻來忖度對方的態(tài)度。wish+賓語從句（subjunctivemood）hope×不可以攜帶賓語從句；因為hope后面出現(xiàn)的事情往往表示說話人真實的愿望，而且從將來的發(fā)展角度來看有可能是實現(xiàn)的或者是已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)的。主+wish+(that)+主+did/were(現(xiàn)在)haddone(過去)woulddo(將來)總結(jié)：1）虛擬語氣是靠謂語的特殊變化來實現(xiàn)的。一般現(xiàn)在→一般過去do/does→did一般過去→過去完成did→haddone一般將來→過去將來will→woulddo2）虛擬語氣的使用可以不受主句謂語時態(tài)的變化的影響。Practice:1）IwishI___(am)abird.（answer:were）2.Ireallywishyou___(notsay)that.(answer:hadn’tsaid)TheyweretakingabadlydamagedboatfromtheVirginIslandstoMiamitohaveitrepaired.badlyadv.1)<－>wellbadlydecorated2)seriouslyHewasbadlyhurt.3)want/sthsobadlyneedsthsobadlyeg.You’veGotamail《網(wǎng)絡情緣》Iwantittobeyousobadly.我真的希望那個人就是你。Duringthejourney,theirboatbegantosink.Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood,matches,andcansofbeerandrowedforafewmilesacrosstheCaribbeanuntiltheyarrivedatatinycoralisland.Theyquicklyloadedasmallrubberdinghywithfood…loadv.beloadedwith載滿了eg.Countrypeoplestaggerhomeloadedwithasmanygoodsastheycancarry.unload卸貨download下載beloaded1)rich腰纏萬貫的2)drunk醉醺醺的can罐Brtin聽Amcannedfishgascanacanofworms一大堆煩心事Therewerehardlyanytreesontheislandandtherewasnowater,butthisdidnotprovetobeavev.notprove(tobe)aproblem算不上問題prove(tobe)asuccess大獲成功provedifficult十分困難proof:防...waterproof防水stainproof防潮fireproof防火bulletproof防彈ladderproof 防抽絲，跳線Themencollectedrainwaterintherubberdinghy.collectv.收集后整理collectstampscollectcoinscollectcardscollectmoney籌錢collectsb.（去）接某人gather gatherone’sthoughts集中思緒gatherupcourage鼓起勇氣Astheyhadbroughtaspeargunwiththem,theyhadplentytoeat.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,andasoneofthemputit'atelikekings'.fishn.魚eg.Givemeafish,I’lleatforadayandteachmetofish,I’lleatforalifewith.assbput(s)itusedtorepeatwhatsbelsehassaid轉(zhuǎn)述eg.AsShakespeareputit:“woman,yournameisfrailty”.eg.Asonecommentatorputsit:“NewYorkisthesocialOlympics，therestarejusttryouts.”eatlikekings吃的象國王一樣好eatlikebeggars吃的象乞丐一樣eatlikeabird吃的特別少eatlikeahorse食量特別大worklikeahorse勤勤懇懇，任勞任怨Whenapassingtankerrescuedthemfivedayslater,bothmenweregenuinelysorrythattheyhadtoleave.genuinea.真的genuineleather真皮genuinesignature親筆簽名genuinelove真正的愛情authenticChinesefood正宗的中國菜三、Review1.Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureoflifeonadesertisland.eg.Mostofushaveformedaunrealisticpictureofmarriage.2.Wesometimesimagineadesertislandtobeasortofparadisewherethesunalwaysshines.imaginesthtobe把…想像成（tothinksthtobetrue）eg.Wesometimesimagineafamilytobeasortofparadise.thinksthtobethinkofsthas3.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Theothersideofthepictureistotallydifferent.Ithinkquitetheopposite.It’squiteanothercase.eg.Mostofushaveformedanunrealisticpictureofmarriage.Theysometimesimagineittobeasortofparadise.Buttheothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Manypeoplethinkittobeasortoftombforlove.Sorealitydoesn’tspeakthesamelanguageasimagination.eg.MostofhaveformedanunrealisticpictureofAmerican.Theysometimesimagineittobeasortofapromisinglandwherethecityispavedwithgold.Theothersideofthepictureisquitetheopposite.Lifethereisonlyadesolatefuture.4.Theycaughtlobsterandfisheveryday,andasoneofthemputIt“atelikekings”.assbput(s)iteg.AsShakespeareputit:“woman,yournameisfrailty”.eg.Asonecommentatorputsit:“NewYorkisthesocialOlympicstherestarejusttryouts.”四、Idioms1.undertheweather(slightlyill)eg.Youlookabitundertheweather.2.Hitthenailonthehead五、Exercises4.Wesometimesthinkofdesertisland___asortofparadise.A.tobeB.asbeingC.isD.be分析:這是有關(guān)”think”用法的一道題。表示”以為”這一概念時，通常有幾種形式:thinksb/sthtobethinkofsth/sbas5.But____havehadtheopportunitytofindout.A.wefewB.hardlyanybodyC.littlepeopleD.notmany分析:B.為單數(shù)形式，而謂語為復數(shù)；C.little不能修飾復數(shù)名詞people。7.____werescarcethereandtherewasnowater.A.ThetreesB.TreesC.AnytreesD.Treesontheisland分析:本題有關(guān)定冠詞及：scarce的問題。原文”therewerehardlyanytreesontheisland“中的hardlyany指幾乎沒有，而trees為泛指。B.是泛指；A．和C.是特指；D．中的ontheisland為后置定語．對trees起到了限定作用，應加上the。11.Butthiswasnot____tobeaproblem.A.demonstratedB.thoughtC.shownD.foun