專八英語考試閱讀題型解析TheResultoftheFallingUSDollarLikeatickingtimebomb,thefallingdollarhasgrabbedtheattentionofJapanandWestGermany,forcingthemtoconsideradoptingeconomicpolicestheUnitedStatesadvocates.TheU.S.governmentwantsthedollartofallbecauseasthedollardeclinesinvalueagainsttheyenandDeutschemark,U.S.goodbecomescheaper.U.S.companiesthensellmoreathomeandabroad,andU.S.tradedeficitdeclines.Criesfortradeprotectionabate,andtheglobalfree-tradesystemispreserved.Then,thecheaperdollarmakesitcheaperformanyforeigninvestorstosnapupU.S.stocks.Thatpromptsheavybuyingfromabroad—especiallyfromJapan.Also,ifthetradepictureisimproving,thatmeansU.S.companieseventuallywillbemorecompetitive.Consequently,manyinvestorsarebuyingsharesofexport-orientedU.S.companiesinanticipationofbetterprofitsinthenextyearorso.Butthatisaratherfaddishnotionrightnow;ifcorporateearningsaredisappointingininterestrates,thestockmarketrallycouldstall.ImprovingU.S.competitivenessmeansadeclineinanother'scompetitiveness.JapanandWestGermanyarevergingonrecession.Theirexport-orientedeconomiesarefacingmajorproblems.JapanisworriedaboutthedamagethestrongyenwilldotoJapanesetrade.WestGermanyisalsoworried.SharepricesinFrankfurtplummetedthispastweek.Bonnisthoughttobeconsideringacutininterestratestoboostitseconomy.Couldthefallingdollargetoutofhand?Ifthedollarfallstoofar,investorsmightloseconfidenceinU.S.investments—especiallythegovernmentbondmarket.Themoneytofinancethefederalbudgetandtradedeficitscouldmigrateelsewhere.Inflationcouldflareup,too,sinceJapaneseandGermanmanufacturerswilleventuallypassalongpricehikes—andU.S.companiesmightfollowsuittoincreasetheirprofitmargins.TheU.S.federalReservethenmightneedtostepinandstabilizethedollarbyraisinginterestrates.AndhigherinterestratescouldcausetheU.S.economytoslowdownandendtheWallStreetRally.Worriedaboutthesesideeffects,FederalReservechairmanPaulVolcherhassaidthedollarhasfallenfarenough.Whatistheequilibriumlevel?Probablynearwhereitisorslightlylower.ItalldependsonwhentheU.S.tradedeficitturnsaroundorifinvestorsdefectfromU.S.TreasuryBonds.“ItrequiresagooddealofpoliticalpatienceonthepartoftheU.S.Congress,”saysDr.Cline,“Andtheremustbeanexpectationofpatienceonthepartofprivateinvestors.Thechancearerelativelygoodthatwewillavoidaninvestorbreakorpanic.”Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?TheimpressionofthefallingU.S.dollar.TheresultoftheU.S.fallingdollar.ThesideeffectofU.S.fallingdollar.JapanandWestGermanyareworriedaboutU.S.fallingdollar.Whatdoestheword“rally”sperity.[B]decline.[C]richness.[D]import.WhyareJapanandWestGermanyworriedaboutthefallingdollar?Becausethefallingdollarmaycauseinflationintheircountries.BecauseitmayforcethemtosellalotofU.S,stocks.Becauseitmaydodamagetotheirtrade.BecauseitmaymakeJapanesecompanylesscompetitive.Ifdollar-fallinggotoutofhand,andtheU.S.FederalReservemightstepin,whatwouldhappen?[A]TheprosperityoftheU.S.economywoulddisappear.TheU.S.economymightfaceseriousproblems.InvestorsmightloseconfidenceinU.S.investments.Inflationcouldflareup.答案詳解：B.美元下跌的結(jié)果。全篇文章都講的美元下跌的后果。A.美元下跌的印象。C.美元下跌的副作用，均不對。因為還講述了有利的一面。D.日本的、西德?lián)鷳n美元下跌，這只是其中的部分內(nèi)容。A.繁榮。第五段“美元下跌是否會失控：如果美元下跌過多，投資者可能會失去對美國投資的信心，特別是對美國的'債務(wù)市場。對聯(lián)邦政府預(yù)算和貿(mào)易赤字提供的資金可能移向其它市場，因為日本和西德廠商最終會將上漲的價格轉(zhuǎn)嫁出去，美國公司也可能這么做，以提高其市場利潤幅度，從而使通貨膨脹再次爆發(fā)。美國聯(lián)邦儲備委員會這時可能需要介入，提高利率來穩(wěn)定美元。而較高利率會導(dǎo)致美國經(jīng)濟(jì)減慢，華爾街的繁榮行將結(jié)束?！盉.衰退。C.富有。D.出口，都不是rally之含義。C.因為下跌對他們貿(mào)易有損害。第三段“改善美國競爭力意味著其他國家的競爭力下降?！钡谒亩?，“日本和西德正瀕于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的邊緣。其出口導(dǎo)向的經(jīng)濟(jì)正在面臨嚴(yán)重問題。日本擔(dān)心由于日元堅挺而給其貿(mào)易帶來損害，西德也在發(fā)愁。上個星期，法蘭克福股市價格暴跌。據(jù)說，波恩已在考慮降低利率以振