賓語從句及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類：1.動詞的賓語從句2.介詞的賓語從句3.形容詞的賓語從句.時(shí)態(tài)：1?主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可用自己的時(shí)態(tài)。?主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去式的某個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。?主句用過去時(shí)，從句是真理時(shí)，從句只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。賓語從句的連接詞隸屬連詞連接賓語從句的隸屬連詞主要有that,if,whetherthat引導(dǎo)表示陳述句（包括必定句和否定句）的賓語從句,而if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的賓語從句（語序也是陳述語序）.Hetoldthathewouldgotothecollegethenextyear他告訴我他下一年上大學(xué).Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否還會有公交車.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.沒人知道他可否會經(jīng)過考試.連接代詞連接代詞主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever

等.連接代詞一般指疑問

,但

what,whatever

除了指疑問外

,也能夠指陳述

.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?

你知道誰贏了這一局紅警游戲嗎

?Idon’tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你該依靠誰.ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsknow.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該認(rèn)識些什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎?連接副詞連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他沒有告訴我什么時(shí)候我們能再見面.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyoureadthenewpanel?你能顯現(xiàn)給我怎么用這個(gè)新的操作盤嗎?Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.2.動詞的賓語從句大多數(shù)動詞都能夠帶賓語從句Weallexpectthattheywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.我們都猜想他們會贏,因?yàn)樗麄兊年?duì)員更強(qiáng)壯.Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthoughthewholework.他告訴我們在整個(gè)工作中,他都會幫忙的.部分“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也能夠帶賓語從句Ihavefoundoutthatalltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.Canyouworkouthowmuchwewillspendduringthetrip?你能計(jì)算出此次旅行我們將開銷多少錢嗎?動詞短語也能夠帶賓語從句常有的這些詞有:makesure保證makeupone’smind下信心keepinmind牢記Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.在上交試卷前保證沒有任何錯(cuò)誤.可運(yùn)用形式賓語

it

代替的賓語從句動詞

find,feel,consider,make,believe

等后邊有賓語補(bǔ)足語的時(shí)候,則需要用

it

做形式賓語而將

that

賓語從句后置

.

（此時(shí)，

that

不能省略）Ithinkit

necessary

thatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.

我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的.IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.我沒去聚會,感覺特別遺憾.IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.我每天寫日記成了習(xí)慣.Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismater.我們都認(rèn)為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要

.3.介詞的賓語從句用wh-類的介詞賓語從句Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.

（介詞后的“可否”只能用

whether

不能夠用

if

）我們正在談?wù)摽煞褡寣W(xué)生加入我們的俱樂部.ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.這本新書是關(guān)于神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升如太空的.用that,if引導(dǎo)的介詞賓語從句有時(shí)except,but,besides三個(gè)介詞后可見到that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(thatIknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.

不能夠省)關(guān)于我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班

,其他一無所知

.4.形容詞的賓語從句常用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句的形容詞有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedIamsureIwillpasstheexam.我確信我會經(jīng)過考試.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很對不起我這么長時(shí)間在打擾你.HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.他很快樂在他生病的時(shí)候李明能去看望他.5.if,whether在賓語從句中的差異①if

和

whether

在作“可否”解時(shí)

,引導(dǎo)賓語從句常放在動詞

know,ask,care,wonder,findout

等此后

,介詞后一般不用

if②少許動詞

,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt

后的賓語從句常用

whether.whether后能夠加ornot,但是if不能夠夠.④在不定式前只能用whether.如：Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能夠決定可否留下。⑤防備歧異時(shí),我們常用whether而不用if.６.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能夠說成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.我認(rèn)為他不會來我的舞會.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認(rèn)為那個(gè)人不是Jim所殺的,可否是?若是賓語從句中有某個(gè)含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其反義疑問句要用必定形式.Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他向來不仔細(xì)聽老師講課,可否是?７.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語序當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)的時(shí)候,賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般不受主句的時(shí)態(tài)所影響.當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)的時(shí)候①從句用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示與主句謂語動詞動作同時(shí)發(fā)生Ionlyknewhewasstudyinginawesterncountry,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhewasin.我只知道他當(dāng)時(shí)在西方的一個(gè)國家讀書,可不知道是哪個(gè)國家.HeaskedmeifIwasreadingthestoryTheOldManandtheSeawhenhewasin.他問我他進(jìn)來的時(shí)候我可否正在讀<老人與海>.②從句過去完成時(shí)表示該動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作從前HetoldmethathehadtoldMaryaboutthemeetingalready.他告訴我他已經(jīng)把有關(guān)會議的事情告訴的了Mary.③從句謂語用過去將來時(shí)表示該動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作此后Thereporteraskedifthegovernmentwouldtakenecessarymeasurestoputdowntheto-do.記者問政府可否會采用必要的措施鎮(zhèn)壓混亂.若是從句是一個(gè)客觀真理,那么從句的時(shí)候不依照主句的時(shí)態(tài)而變化Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearthyesterday.老師昨天說月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn).Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Heasked________forthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”A.hadIseenthefilmB.haveIhadseenthefilm

heaskedme.→Heaskedme_______.IseenthefilmC.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whether“Pleaseclosethewindow,A.saidto;tocloseB.told

”hesaidtome.→He______me_____thewindow.to;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose4.“Iamateacher,”A.thatIamateacher

Jacksaid.→Hesaid_________.B.IwasateacherC.thatheisateacherD.hewasateacher5.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”→He_____verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas6.“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.→Sheaskedme________.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyouB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.7.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”→Heaskedme_________.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.8.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heasked_______.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong9.Heaskedme________withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter10.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdoC.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo11.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose12.Theydon'tknow______theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich13.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked14.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit15.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid16.Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter17.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing1．Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow．_________hecomes，I'lltellyou．A．if；WhetherB．whether；WhetherC．if；ThatD．if；If2．Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow．A．whendoeshecomeB．howwillhecomeC．ifhecomesD．whetherhe'llcome3．Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis？A．whatB．howC．whetherD．where4．Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp？A．howdidhemendB．whatdidhemendC．howhemendedD．whathemended5．Iwanttoknow_________．A．whomisshelookingafterB．whomsheislookingC．whomisshelookingD．whomsheislookingafter6．Doyouknowwhere_________now？A．helivesB．doesheliveC．helivedD．didhelive7．Doyouknowwhattime_________？A．thetrainleaveB．doesthetrainleaveC．willthetrainleaveD．thetrainleaves8．Idon'tknow_________．Canyoutellme，please？A．howthetwoplayersareoldB．howoldarethetwoplayersC．thetwoplayersarehowoldD．howoldthetwoplayersare9．Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________．A．whatistheirstockingsinB．whatisintheirstockingsC．whereistheirstockingsinD．whatintheirstockings10．Ican'tunderstand_________．A．whatdoesChristmasmeanB．whatChristmasdoesmeanC．whatmeanChristmasdoesD．whatChristmasmeans．按要求變換句型1．DoesMr．BrownenjoylivinginChina？Couldyoutellus？（改寫句子）→Couldyoutellus_________Mr．Brown_________livinginChina？2．“Doesthegirlneedanyhelp？”heaskedme．（變?yōu)閺?fù)合句）→Heaskedme_________thegirl________somehelp．3．Jimisnotastudent．Tomisnotastudent，either．（合并為一個(gè)句子）_________Jim_________Tomisastudent．4．Whendoesthetrainleave？Iwanttoknow．（改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句）Iwantto