Unit1Art備課資料1．a(chǎn)bstract(教材P1)adj.抽象的；深?yuàn)W的Alotofpeopledon'tlikeabstractart.很多人不喜歡抽象藝術(shù)。Humanbeingsaretheonlycreaturescapableofabstractthought.人類是唯一有抽象思維能力的生物?！練w納拓展】abstractn．摘要；概要vt.提取；抽??；寫……的摘要intheabstract抽象地；大體上；理論上makeanabstractof...做一個(gè)……的摘要abstractsth.從某物中提煉出某物I'mjusttalkingintheabstractnow.我現(xiàn)在只是在泛泛而談。Sheabstractedthemainpointsfromtheargument.她把論據(jù)概括成要點(diǎn)。完成句子①我們盡可以談?wù)撁赖氖挛?，但美本身卻是抽象的。Wemaytalkofbeautifulthings，butbeautyitself________________．②抽象地談犯罪根本是不夠的。Talkingaboutcrime________________justisn'tenough.③我對(duì)他的講話做了一個(gè)摘要。Ihave________________hisspeech.【答案】①isabstract②intheabstract③madeanabstractof2．WouldyouratherhaveChineseorWestern－stylepaintingsinyourhome？(教材P1)在你的家里，你愿意懸掛中國畫還是西洋畫？Hedoesn'twanttolearn—hewouldratherstayathomeandplayvideogames.他不想學(xué)習(xí)——他寧愿待在家里玩電子游戲。IwouldratherstayathomethangotoseethefilmMural.我寧愿待在家里也不愿去看電影《畫壁》?！練w納拓展】wouldratherdosth.寧愿做某事wouldrathernotdosth.寧愿不做某事wouldratherdo...thando...寧愿做……而不做……woulddo...ratherthando＝wouldratherdo...thando...wouldrather...寧愿某人做……I'dratheryoumethimattheairporttomorrow.我寧愿你明天在機(jī)場見到他。Iwouldwalkthereratherthantakeabus.我寧愿步行去那里也不愿乘公共汽車。【提示】①wouldrather的否定式在rather后加not。②wouldrather接從句時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式，表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪龅膭?dòng)作；從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示過去的動(dòng)作。完成句子①他們說他們寧愿死也不愿離開家園。Theysaidthey______________theirhomes.②我寧愿你那天沒有把消息告訴他。Iwouldratheryou______________himthenewsthatday.【答案】①wouldratherdiethanleave②hadn'ttold3．AstherearesomanydifferentstylesofWesternart，itwouldbeimpossibletodescribealloftheminsuchashorttext.(教材P1)由于西方的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格多種多樣，在短短的一篇課文里不可能進(jìn)行全面的描述。Itwouldbeimpossibletodo...做……是不可能的。It在句中作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。Itisimpossibletopredictthefutureaccurately.精確預(yù)測未來是不可能的。Itisimpossibletofinishthetaskinamonth.在一個(gè)月內(nèi)完成這個(gè)任務(wù)是不可能的。【歸納拓展】It＋be＋adj.＋todo...做……是……的It＋be＋adj.＋從句……是……的Itisnecessarytomasteroneortwoforeignlanguages.掌握一兩門外語是有必要的。ItisobviousthatChinahasmadegreatprogressineconomyinthelastfiveyears.很顯然，在過去五年里，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)取得了長足發(fā)展。翻譯句子①我在八點(diǎn)之前不可能趕到那里。②很顯然，他沒有聽懂我的話?！敬鸢浮竣買tisimpossibleformetobetherebeforeeight.②Itwasobviousthathedidn'tcatchmywords.4．faithn．信任，相信；信心；信仰Artisinfluencedbythecustomsandfaithofapeople.(教材P1)藝術(shù)受習(xí)俗和人的信仰的影響。I'mdelightedtoknowyouhavesuchfaithinme.得知你對(duì)我如此信賴我很高興?！練w納拓展】①havefaithinsb./sth.對(duì)某人/某事有信心losefaithin不再信任；對(duì)……失去信心keepfaithwith忠于；守信②faithfuladj.忠實(shí)的befaithfultosb./sth.忠實(shí)于某人/某事③faithfullyadv.忠實(shí)地Innocaseshallwelosefaithinthefuture.在任何情況下，我們都不該對(duì)未來失去信心。Shehasservedthefamilyfaithfullyforthirtyyears.她為這個(gè)家忠心耿耿地操勞了30年。完成句子①我的老板非常信任我。Myboss____________me.②她一直忠于自己的祖國。Sheisalways____________hercountry.【答案】①havegreatfaithin②faithfulto5．consequentlyadv.結(jié)果；因此；所以Consequently，thistextwilldescribeonlythemostimportantones，startingfromthesixthcenturyAD.(教材P1)因此，本文只談及從公元六世紀(jì)以來的最主要的幾種藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。MycarbrokedownandconsequentlyIwaslate.我的車壞了，因此我遲到了。【歸納拓展】①consequencen．后果；結(jié)果；重要性take/suffer/facetheconsequences承擔(dān)后果inconsequence(ofsth.)由于(某事物)的緣故；因而asaconsequence結(jié)果asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof②consequentadj.作為結(jié)果的；隨之發(fā)生的consequenton/upon由……引起的；跟隨發(fā)生的Hegotuplate，asaconsequence，hewaslateforclass.他起床晚了，結(jié)果他上課遲到了。完成句子①他觸犯了法律，現(xiàn)在必須承擔(dān)自己的行為帶來的后果。Hebrokethelaw，andnowhemust__________________ofhisactions.②大多數(shù)的計(jì)算機(jī)用戶都沒有經(jīng)過正規(guī)的鍵盤訓(xùn)練，因此他們的鍵盤技巧效率不高。Mostcomputerusershaveneverreceivedanyformalkeyboard，theirkeyboardskillsareinefficient.【答案】①take/suffer/facetheconsequences②Consequently/Asaconsequence/Inconsequence6．a(chǎn)imn．目標(biāo)；目的v．瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力DuringtheMiddleAges，themainaimofpainterswastorepresentreligiousthemes.(教材P2)在中世紀(jì)，畫家的主要任務(wù)是把宗教的主題表現(xiàn)出來。Thevisitwasaimedatexpandingtherelationbetweenthetwocountries.這次訪問的目的在于擴(kuò)展兩國的關(guān)系?！練w納拓展】①takeaim(at)(向……)瞄準(zhǔn)withtheaimof以……為目標(biāo)；意在……②aimat瞄準(zhǔn)；目的在于aim把……瞄準(zhǔn)……；把……用于；旨在……aimatdoingsth./aimtodosth.意欲/企圖/力求做某事beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在……；目的在于……③aimlessadj.沒有目標(biāo)的TheywenttoLondonwiththeaimofwatchingthe2012OlympicGames.他們?nèi)惗厥菫榱擞^看2012年奧運(yùn)會(huì)。Iwasaimingatthetreebuthitthecarbymistake.我對(duì)準(zhǔn)樹射擊，不料誤中了汽車。Heaimedtobeasuccessfulbusinessmanwhenhewasyoung.他小時(shí)候的目標(biāo)是成為一個(gè)成功的商人。句型轉(zhuǎn)換①ShewenttoLondon，aimingatfindingajob.→ShewenttoLondon，aiming____________ajob.→ShewenttoLondon____________ajob.完成句子②要達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)需要齊心協(xié)力。Teamworkisrequiredinorderto____________.③這些措施旨在減少空氣污染。Thesemeasuresare____________airpollution.【答案】①tofind；withtheaimoffinding②achievetheseaims③aimedatreducing7．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的Atypicalpictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols，whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod.(教材P2)那個(gè)時(shí)期的典型的繪畫充滿了宗教的特征，體現(xiàn)出了對(duì)上帝的愛戴與尊重。Thispaintingistypicalofhisearlywork.這幅畫是他早期的代表作?！練w納拓展】betypicalofsb./sth.是……的特點(diǎn)Itistypicalofdosth.某人一向……typicallyadv.典型地；有代表性地；一向；總是It'stypicalofhertoberudetopeople.她這個(gè)人就是總是對(duì)人無禮。完成句子①他一向上課遲到。Itis________________forclass.②這幅畫是他的典型作品?！鶷hispaintingis________________work.→Thispaintingis________________work.【答案】①typicalofhimtobelate②typicalofhis；histypical8．a(chǎn)doptvt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng)Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.(教材P2)人們開始更少地關(guān)注宗教主題，而對(duì)生活采取了更加人性化的態(tài)度。Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.經(jīng)過討論，議事日程獲得通過。adoptedtheorphanashisownson.克恩先生將那孤兒收養(yǎng)為自己的兒子。【歸納拓展】adoptionn．采用；收養(yǎng)adoptedadj.被收養(yǎng)的易混辨析adopt/adapt單詞辨析典型例句adopt采取，采用；收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)Headoptedanewpolicy.他采取了一項(xiàng)新政策。Theydecidedtoadoptanorphanfromtheearthquakearea.他們決定收養(yǎng)一名地震災(zāi)區(qū)的孤兒。adapt使適應(yīng)，使適合；改編，改寫；改建，改造Hetriedhardtoadapthimselftothenewconditions.他努力使自己適應(yīng)新的情況。Theauthorisgoingtoadapthisplayfortelevision.作者將把他的劇本改編成電視劇。Theboysadaptedtheoldbarnforusebytheclub.男孩子們將這個(gè)舊谷倉改造成為俱樂部用房。用adopt的適當(dāng)形式填空①The________ofthenewtechniquehaspromotedtheproductivity.②Shewasforcedtohaveherbaby________．選詞填空：adopt，adapt③Iheardthatshewasan________child.④Healways________easilytonewcircumstances.⑤Aftermuchconsideration，thepresidentdecidedto________hersuggestion.【答案】①adoption②adopted③adopted④adapts⑤adopt9．possessvt.擁有；具有；支配Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintings，sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.(教材P2)富人們想擁有自己的藝術(shù)品并用來裝飾自己的高級(jí)宮殿和豪宅。Onemainideapossessedher：shemustgetawayfromhome.她只有一個(gè)想法：她一定要離家出走。I'mafraidhedoesn'tpossessasenseofhumour.恐怕他沒有什么幽默感?！練w納拓展】①bepossessedof擁有bepossessedby/with被……控制②possessionn．擁有；財(cái)產(chǎn)(多用復(fù)數(shù))get/takepossessionof占有；取得……所有權(quán)inpossessionof占有；擁有inthepossessionofsb.被……占有；為……所有Youcan'tlegallytakepossessionofthepropertyuntil3weeksafterthecontractissigned.契約簽署三周以后，你才能合法取得這份產(chǎn)業(yè)的所有權(quán)。Hisfamilywaspossessedofalargefortune.他家擁有大筆財(cái)富?！窘處焸湔n資源】inpossessionof與inthepossessionof兩者都表示“占有”之意，但前者表示主動(dòng)意義，后者表示被動(dòng)意義。因此，前者一般譯為“占有”；后者譯為“被……占有，為……所有”。與之用法相似的短語還有：inchargeof掌控……；inthechargeof被……掌控；incontrolof控制……；inthecontrolof被……控制介詞填空①Shewasfound________possessionofstolengoods.②Heispossessed________someevilideas.③Shewaspossessed________exceptionalpowersofconcentration.句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Shepossessesalargefortune.→She____________alargefortune.→Alargefortune____________her.【答案】①in②by/with③of④isinpossessionof；isinthepossessionof10．Theypaidfamousartiststopaintpicturesofthemselves，theirhousesandpossessionsaswellastheiractivitiesandachievements.(教材P2)他們聘請著名的藝術(shù)家，不僅讓藝術(shù)家畫他們的活動(dòng)和成就，還讓他們畫自己的肖像、房子及所有物。aswellas常用來連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，作“不但……而且……”解；有時(shí)也用來表示同級(jí)比較，意為“與……一樣好”。HespeaksSpanishaswellasEnglishandFrench.他不但會(huì)講英語和法語，也會(huì)講西班牙語。Heplaysfootballaswellas，ifnotbetterthanhisbrother.他踢足球如果說不比他哥哥踢得好，至少是和他哥哥一樣好?！練w納拓展】aswell還、也(在句中作狀語，一般放在句尾)inaddition除此以外、還(在句中作狀語，一般放在句首)inadditionto除……以外Heisascientist，andapoetaswell.他是一位科學(xué)家，也是一位詩人?！窘處焸湔n資源】aswellas和notonly...butalso...aswellas的含義與notonly...butalso相似，只是在用aswellas時(shí)，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分在aswellas之前，而在用notonly...butalso時(shí)，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分在butalso之后。AaswellasB作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與A保持一致；notonlyAbutalsoB作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與B保持一致。11．coincidencen．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合Bycoincidence，oilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistime，whichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper.(教材P2)巧合的是油畫顏料在這一時(shí)期也得到了發(fā)展，這使得繪畫的色彩看上去更豐富、更深沉。“I'mgoingtoNewYorktomorrow.”“Whatacoincidence！I'mgoingtheretoo.”“明天我要到紐約去?！薄疤闪?，我正好也要去。”【歸納拓展】bycoincidence巧合地byaccident碰巧；偶然bychance碰巧；偶然happentodosth.碰巧做某事onpurpose故意coincidentadj.同時(shí)發(fā)生的coincidentaladj.巧合的ItwasnotacoincidencethatyoumeteachotherinLijiang.Hewentthereafterknowingyourgoingthere.你們在麗江“偶遇”不是什么巧合的事。得知你去了那兒后他就去了那兒。完成句子①Itwas________(巧合)thathewasbornonhismother'sbirthday.②________(巧合地)，ImetthepersonwhomIhadbeenlookingfor.【答案】①acoincidence②Bycoincidence/Byaccident/Bychance12．a(chǎn)greatdeal大量Inthelate19thcentury，Europechangedagreatdeal，fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostlyindustrialone.(教材P2)19世紀(jì)后期歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的變化，從以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會(huì)變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會(huì)。Agreatdealhasbeenfinished，butthereisstillmuchtobedone.雖然已經(jīng)完成了許多工作，但仍然有許多事情要做。Helikestoswimagreatdealinsummer.他夏天非常喜歡游泳?！練w納拓展】表示“大量，許多”的短語薈萃：①后只接可數(shù)名詞的有：many，quiteafew，agreatmany，anumberof等。②后只接不可數(shù)名詞的有：alargeamountof，much，agreat/gooddealof等。③后既可以接可數(shù)名詞又可以接不可數(shù)名詞的有：alotof，lotsof，plentyof，alargequantityof等Agreatdealofmoneywasspentontheproject.那計(jì)劃花費(fèi)了大量金錢?！窘處焸湔n資源】agreatdeal用作名詞時(shí)，意為“大量，許多”，一般作主語或賓語；用作副詞時(shí)，意為“很，非?！?；作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞或用來強(qiáng)調(diào)比較級(jí)。另外，agreatdealof意為“大量的，非常多的”，后接不可數(shù)名詞。句型轉(zhuǎn)換①M(fèi)uchhasbeensaidonhowtoworkefficiently.→____________hasbeensaidonhowtoworkefficiently.②Hewastedmuchmoneyondrinking.→____________moneywaswastedondrinkingbyhim.【答案】①Agreatdeal②Agreatdealof單句改錯(cuò)③Hehasspentagreatdealmoneyonhisnew④Ihavelearnedalargedealfrommyvisithere，sothecityiswellworth【答案】③deal后加of④large改為great/good13．AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists，wholivedandworkedinParis.(教材P2)在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫法的畫家中有生活和工作在法國巴黎的印象派畫家。本句為倒裝句，正常語序?yàn)椋篢heImpressionists，wholivedandworkedinParis，wereamongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting.AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees，flowers，candiesandtoys.商品中有圣誕樹、花、糖果和玩具。Southofthelakeliesabigsupermarket.湖泊的南邊是一個(gè)大超市。【歸納拓展】①英語中，作表語的介詞短語、形容詞或分詞置于句首時(shí)，句子要用完全倒裝語序。②表示地點(diǎn)、方位或時(shí)間的副詞，如here，there，now，up，down，out，in，away，off等置于句首并且主語是名詞時(shí)也要用完全倒裝語序。如果主語是代詞，只把副詞提前，主謂不倒裝。Presentatthemeetingweresometeachersandstudents.出席會(huì)議的人是一些教師和學(xué)生。Gonearethedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.婦女受歧視的年代一去不復(fù)返了。Outrushedthechildren.孩子們沖了出去。Awayflewtheplane.飛機(jī)飛走了。句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Twolargeportraitshangonthewall.→____________twolargeportraits.②Herushedoutwithabookinhishand.→____________withabookinhishand.③Anoldladystoodunderthetree，lookingafterhergrandson.→________anoldlady，lookingafterhergrandson.【答案】①Onthewallhang②Outherushed③Underthetreestood14．a(chǎn)ttemptn．努力；嘗試；企圖vt.企圖；嘗試Ontheonehand，somemodernartisabstract；thatis，thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes，butinsteadconcentratesoncertainqualitiesoftheobject，usingcolour，lineandshapetorepresentthem.(教材P3)一方面，有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的，也就是說，畫家并不打算把我們眼睛看到的東西如實(shí)地畫出來，而是集中展現(xiàn)物體的某些品質(zhì)特性，用色彩、線條和形狀把它們呈現(xiàn)出來。Shemadeanattempttocookthedinner.她試圖做這頓飯?！練w納拓展】attemptsth.試圖做……；努力去執(zhí)行(完成)某事attempttodosth.企圖做某事makeanattemptat(doing)sth.企圖做某事makeanattempttodosth.企圖做某事inanattempttodosth.企圖做某事、試圖做某事atthefirst/secondattempt第一/二次嘗試Theyclosedtheroadinanattempttoreducetrafficinthecity.他們關(guān)閉了那條道路，以試圖減少城內(nèi)的車流量。Shepassedherdrivingtestatthefirstattempt.她第一次考駕駛執(zhí)照就通過了。易混辨析attempt/try/manage詞匯辨析典型例句attempt多指去嘗試自己希望成功的事情，常包含“冒險(xiǎn)”意義，可能導(dǎo)致失敗。Theboysattemptedtoleaveforcampingbutwerestoppedbytheirparents.男孩子們想去野營，但被他們的父母攔住了。try通俗用語，指為成功做某事而付出努力或花費(fèi)一定代價(jià)，后接不定式表示“試圖做、努力做某事”，后接動(dòng)名詞表示“試著做某事”。We'lltrytoimproveourteachingmethods.我們要設(shè)法改進(jìn)我們的教學(xué)方法。manage表示“成功地做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。Howdidyoumanagetogettheirapproval？你怎么得到他們的同意的？完成句子①咱們敲后邊的門試試。Let's______________knockingatthebackdoor.②試圖在火星上著陸是一件遙遠(yuǎn)的事情。ItwillbealongtimebeforeanylandingonMarscanbe______________．③你是怎樣說服她的？Howdidyou____________topersuadeher?【答案】①try②attempted③manage15．ontheotherhand(可是)另一方面Ontheotherhand，somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.(教材P3)另一方面說，一些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)作品太真實(shí)了以至于它們看起來就像照片一樣。Heoftencomestosee，ontheotherhand，veryseldomgotoseehim.他時(shí)常來看我，我卻難得去看他。It'snotaveryniceflat；ontheotherhand，it'scheap.這套房子不太好，但另一方面價(jià)格便宜?！練w納拓展】①on(the)onehand...ontheotherhand...一方面……另一方面……(常指相反或相對(duì)的兩個(gè)方面)②foronething...foranother(thing)．..一則…