Unit5ThePowerofNature同步練習(xí)一、ing形式作狀語(yǔ),可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。用法例句時(shí)間Crossingtheroad,hewasranoverbyacar.Havingdonetheirhomework,thestudentsplayedfootball.原因NotknowingEnglish,hecouldn'tunderstandthefilm.HavinglivedinShanghai,heknowstheplaceverywell.條件Workinghard,youwilldowellintheexam.Turningtotheleft,youwillseethepostoffice.讓步Workingorreading,shealwaysdidherbest.Notbeingarichmanhimself,hehelpedthepoorgenerously.伴隨Thechildrenwentintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Shesatthere,staringattheceiling.結(jié)果Hisparentsdiedinthewar,leavinghimanorphan.Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.二、–ing形式的完成式句型主動(dòng)Having+.…,主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)被動(dòng)(Havingbeen)+…,主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)用法-ing完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，一般在句中作時(shí)間或原因狀語(yǔ)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)-ing完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，在句中一般作狀語(yǔ)用例句Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontoreadanEnglishnovel.Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.三、學(xué)習(xí)-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的用法時(shí),需要注意以下四點(diǎn):1、與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。

一般來(lái)說(shuō),-ing形式表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行;過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)、完成。試比較:The

enemy

fled

in

a

panic,

leaving

behind

a

lot

of

dead

bodies

and

weapons.Defeated

and

frightened,

the

enemy

fled

in

a

panic.分析:前一例中的-ing形式短語(yǔ)在句子中作伴隨狀語(yǔ),它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)the

enemy之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系;后一句中的過(guò)去分詞defeated和frightened表原因,它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)the

enemy之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。2、分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。如果不一致，必須用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示，也就是在分詞前面加上它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。a.Comparingallthegreatpeoplewitheachother,you’llfindthattheyhavemuchincommon.b.Findinghercarstolen,shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp.c.Thetrainhavinggone,wehadtowaitanotherday.分析:前兩例中,-ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)均為主句的主語(yǔ)。最后一例中havinggone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是thetrain。3、-ing形式的否定式。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:not+-ing形式,無(wú)論在完成式還是被動(dòng)式里,not必須置于-ing形式之前。如:Nothavingfinishedhishomework,theboywasstilldoingitintheclassroom.

4、

-ing形式(短語(yǔ))的功能有時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。

根據(jù)這個(gè)性質(zhì),我們?cè)谑褂?ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),切記不要在前面或后面的句子前用連詞連接。如:Walking

on

the

fallen

leaves

in

autumn,

so

you’ll

feel

very

comfortable.(×)分析:如前所述,-ing形式短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句,所以后半句中的連詞so的使用是錯(cuò)誤的,應(yīng)該去掉。原句應(yīng)改為:Walking

on

the

fallen

leavesinautumn,you’llfeelvery

comfortable.ExercisesThegreathallwascrowdedwithmanypeople,___manychildren__ontheirparents’laps.A.including;seatedB.including;seatingC.included;satD.included;sitting2._____foralongtime,mostofthecropsinthisareadiedfromlackingwater.A.BeingnorainB.TherewasnorainC.TobenorainD.TherebeingnorainHisletter,_____tothewrongnumber,reachedmelate.A.havingbeenaddressedB.tohaveaddressedC.tohavebeenaddressedD.beingaddressed4．"Youcan'tcatchme"Janetshouted,______away.(NMET2005全國(guó)卷3)A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran5．MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,______advantageofthehealthyandrelaxationbenefits.(NMET2005上海卷)A.takingB.takenC.havingtakenD.havingbeentaken6．______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.(NMET2004北京卷)A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited答案。including為介詞;由seat的用法可知,此處應(yīng)用其過(guò)去分詞形式。2.D.Therebeingnorain為therebe句型的獨(dú)立主格形式。。address所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前,且與letter之間邏輯上存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系,havingbeenaddressed...在句中作非限制性定語(yǔ)。4解析：答案為B?，F(xiàn)在分詞runningaway在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。題意是一邊跑著，一邊喊著說(shuō)。5．解析：該題考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為take的不同形式，由句中的逗號(hào)及空白前后的邏輯關(guān)系考慮，此空應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果，答案為A。6．解析：答案為C。根據(jù)forhalfanhour可判斷出要用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式havingwaited填寫，表示排隊(duì)發(fā)生在湯姆意識(shí)到把錢包忘在家里了之前。-ing形式高考考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)1、對(duì)-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的考查（1）作原因狀語(yǔ)【高考鏈接】______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.(NMET2004北京卷)A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited解析：答案為C。根據(jù)forhalfanhour可判斷出要用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式havingwaited填寫，表示排隊(duì)發(fā)生在湯姆意識(shí)到把錢包忘在家里了之前。（2）作方式狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨情況【高考鏈接】"Youcan'tcatchme"Janetshouted,______away.(NMET2005全國(guó)卷3)A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran解析：答案為B?，F(xiàn)在分詞runningaway在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。題意是一邊跑著，一邊喊著說(shuō)。（3）作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)【高考鏈接】Theoldman,______abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.(NMET2004江蘇卷)A.toworkB.workingC.tohaveworkedD.havingworked解析：答案為D。根據(jù)fortwentyyears可確定用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式havingworked做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示他在回國(guó)前在國(guó)外工作了二十年。（4）作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：【高考鏈接】MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,______advantageofthehealthyandrelaxationbenefits.(NMET2005上海卷)A.takingB.takenC.havingtakenD.havingbeentaken解析：該題考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為take的不同形式，由句中的逗號(hào)及空白前后的邏輯關(guān)系考慮，此空應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果，答案為A?？键c(diǎn)2、對(duì)v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的考查學(xué)習(xí)點(diǎn)撥：高考對(duì)v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的考查可分為兩類：①在risk,admit,avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,escape,face,fell,like,finish,forgive,giveup,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practice,putoff,can'thelp,can'tstand,lookforwardto,insiston等某些動(dòng)詞或詞組之后只能用v-ing形式，不能用不定式做賓語(yǔ)；②在forget,goon,like,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等某些動(dòng)詞之后可帶動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)別?！靖呖兼溄印縄fyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways______herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.（NMET2006湖南卷）A.getsB.gotC.togetD.getting解析：答案為D。本題考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之一-動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的用法。英語(yǔ)中有許多動(dòng)詞之后只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的這樣的動(dòng)詞及詞組有admit,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,finish,fancy,feellike,giveup,cannothelp,mind,mean(意味著)miss,postpone,pratice,putoff等?？键c(diǎn)3、對(duì)v-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)的考查學(xué)習(xí)點(diǎn)撥：V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)通常在see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notice,leave,get,have等動(dòng)詞之后，表示該動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生?！靖呖兼溄印縃elookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.(NMET2004北京春季)A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting解析：答案為D。現(xiàn)在分詞putting作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)。catchsb.doing表示"當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住（撞見(jiàn)）某人在做某事。"考點(diǎn)4、對(duì)V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)的考查學(xué)習(xí)點(diǎn)撥：v-ing形式作前置定語(yǔ)，表示用途，即"用來(lái)做……"或表示性質(zhì)，即"……的"；V-ing形式作后置定語(yǔ)，往往表示正在發(fā)生或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句?！靖呖兼溄印縏hewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_____thedesert.(NMET2006湖南卷)A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocover解析：答案為A。本題主要考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之一-現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)的用法。Asoftorangeblanket與cover存在主謂關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于w