Technicalreport1InternationalTransportModesTable-InternationaltransportmodesModeTotalmodecostCostperpalletTransittimeModeadvantagesModedisadvantagesSea￡620￡24.87daysl.lowestexpenseoffreight.2.largequantities.3.longdistance1.slowest2.vulnerabletobadweather3.lesspunctual4.highriskAir￡1265￡2534hours1.improveefficiencyoperations2.increasesecurity.useinformationtechnology.fasterspeed.hightotalcost.theweightlimit.nottoofarfromtheairportRail￡1275￡512days1.largecapacity2.relativelypunctual3.economical4.relativelyhighspeed5.lesspronetointerruptionsbyproowether1.confinedtorailroad2.lessflexibleDirectroad￡1350￡67.53days.betterforshort-shipped.flxibleandconvenient1.smallcapacity.hightransportcost.highrateofgoodsdamage.disruptedbyweatherMulti-mode￡1185￡47.47daysand18hours.reducehandingofcargo.permitdoor-to-doorservice.reducetheriskofpilferagewithsubsequentsavingsoninsurancepremiums.quickertransittimes.enablethequotationofthroughratestothedistance1.investmentcostarehigh2.notallcargoissuitableforcontainersationword文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯TheExplanationofDataSea:thetotalcostis￡620,thisisbecauseoftheseatransportis40ftcontainercarrying25palletsandthepriceis￡620percontainer.Costperpallet=totalmodecost/pallet,thusthecostperpallet=￡620/25=￡24.8.Thetransittimeis7daysinthebasicdata.Air:thetotalcostis￡1265,thisisbecauseoftheairwillbebyairplanecargohold,atmaximumoffivepalletandthepriceis￡1265per5pallets.Costperpallet=totalmodecost/pallet,thusthecostperpallet=￡1265/5=￡253.Thetransittimeis4hours.Rail：Costperpallet=totalmodecost/pallet.Thusthecostperpallet=￡1275/25=￡51.Thetransittimeis2days.thetotalmodecostis￡1275,thisisduetothattherailtransportwillbeby40ftcontainercarrying25pallets,thusthepriceis￡1275.Directr0ad：thetotalmodecostequalto￡1350,thepriceis￡1350perflatbedcontainerlorryandthedirectroadwillbebycurtainsiderigidlorrycarrying20pallets.Thusthetotalmodecostis￡1350.Costperpallet=totalmodecost/pallet,thusthecostperpallet=￡1350/20=￡67.5,thetransmittimeis3days.Multi-mode:firstofall,thepriceis￡125fromtheMilanGlassWorkstoGenoaCalata,addtheseamode￡620andtherailcost￡295,then,addtheroadformCoatbridgeRailporttoKirriemuirBottling,thecostis￡145.ThusTotalmodecost=￡125+￡620+￡295+￡145=￡1185.Totalpallet=25.Thetotalmodecost=￡1185/25=￡47.4.Thetime=6hours+7days+5hours+7hours=7daysand18hours.thetotalcostequalto￡1185.word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

Technicalreport2ConsignmentdeliverytermsTable-IncotermsandtheirdefinitionInitialIncotermDescriptionEXWExWorks(namedplaceofdelivery)Thebuyerisresponsibleforuploading.Thistermplacesthemaximumobligationonthebuyerandminimumobligationontheseller.TheExWorkstermisoftenusedwhenmakinganinitialquotationforthesaleofgoodswithoutanycostsincluded.EXWmeansthatasellerhasthegoodsreadyforcollectionathispremisesonthedatagreetupon.Thebuyerpaysalltransportationcostsandalsobearstherisksforbringingthegoodstotheirfinaldestination.Thesellerdoesn,tloadthegoodsoncollectingvehiclesanddoesn'tclearthemforexport.FCAFreeCarrier(namedplaceofdelivery)Atradetermrequiringthesellertodelivergoodstoanamedairport,terminal,orotherplacewherethecarrieroperates.Costfortransportationandriskoflosstransfertothebuyerafterdelivertothecarrier.Thesellerfulfilshisobligationtodeliverwhenhehashandedthegoodsover,clearedforexport,intothechargeofthecarriernamedbythebuyeratthenamedplace.Whenusedintradeterms,theword“free”meansthesellerhasanobligationtodelivergoodstoanamedplacefortransfertocarrier.CPTCarriagePaidto(namedplaceofdestination)Theriskofdamageorlosstothegoodsbeingtransportedistransferredfromthesellertothebuyerassoonasthegoodshavebeendeliveredtothecarrier.Thesellerisresponsibleonlyforarrangingfreighttothedestination,andnotforinsuringthegoodsshipmentwhenitisbeingtransported.Ithasbeendesignedtosuittheneedsofmodembusiness.CIPCarriageandItreferstothatthesellerdeliverthegoodstothecarrierorfirstcarrierandpayforthecarriageofgoodsuptothenamedword文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

InsurancePaidto(namedplaceofdestination)placeofdestination.Meanwhile,thesellermustobtaintheinsuranceforthegoodswhileittransit.Afterthesellerdeliverthegoodstothecarrier,theriskwilltransmittobuyer.DATDeliveredatTerminal(namedplaceofdestination)Itmeansthesellercoversallthecostsoftransportsuchastheexportfees,carriage,unloadingfrommaincarrieratdestinationportanddestinationportcharges.meanwhile,itmustassumesallriskuntildestinationportorterminal.TheterminalcanbeaPort,Airport,orinlandfreightinterchange.Importduty/taxes/customscostsaretobebornebyBuyer.Theriskistransmittobuyerwhenthebuyercontrolthegoods.DAPDeliveredatplace(namedplaceofdestination)Referstothesellertoshipthegoodswithinthespecifieddestination,needtoprepareforunloadingwithoutunloadingthecompletedeliverytermreferringtothearrivalofvehiclesincludingships,includingdestinationport,thesellershallbearallcostsandrisksofthegoodsshippedtothespecifieddestinationandcharges(exceptimportcharges)thistermappliestoanymodeoftransportationandmilti-modetransportbysea.DDPDeliveredDutyPaid(namedplaceofdestination)ItmeanstheSellerisresponsiblefordeliveringthegoodstothenamedplaceinthecountryofthebuyer,andpaysallcostsinbringingthegoodstothedestinationincludingimportdutiesandtaxes.Thesellerisnotresponsibleforunloading.Whenthesellercompletethedeliverinthenamedplaceofdestination,therisktransmittobuyer.Thistermplacesthemaximumobligationsonthesellerandminimumobligationsonthebuyerword文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯Explanation:Incoterms2010istheeighthsetofpre-definedinternationalcontracttermspublishedbytheInternationalChamberofCommerce.Itinclude11terms,suchastheEXW,FCA,FAS,FOB,CFR,CIF,CPT,CIP,DAP,DATandDDP.Thesetermsimprovetheefficiencyofinternationaltradeandsimplifytheprocessandstages.Thepreviousversion,therulesaredividedintofourcategories,but11incoterms2010predefinedtermsbasedonthedeliverymethodonlycanbedividedintotwocategories.Therulesofalargergroupofseven(g7)canbeinformsThechoppedofThemethodoftransmission,andasmallgroupoffourappliesonlytoThesales,onlyinvolvesThetransportofwatercanverifyTheconditionofThegoodsTheloadedonboardTheship.Theythereforeisnot2forcontainertransportation.word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

Table-Allocationsofcostbuyer/selleraccordingtoIncoterms2010IImporttaxesS3S'pqS3音pqtoS,pqtoS,pqtoS,pqtoS,pq1SellerIImportIcustomclearanceS3奪pqS3奪pqS3百pqS3百pqS3百pqtopq(56*36^Carriage1toplace聞descinado苧teS3*3S3*3S3*3B*SS3(55[Loading1ontruckioportof|import|S3苧S3百*3*3*3a*s6.(s6UnloadinginL?UU?匚西 LUportofimport苧百S3*3S3*36S3*36*36S3Carriage(SeaFreight/AirFreight)toportofimportS3奪pqS3奪pq*36*36*36id*S6(56[LaadiBg1chargesinport of|export|S3奪S3奪*36*36*36*S6S3(56Ti)Loading1oftruckinportofl|export|苧teS3*3S3*3S3*3B*SS3(55CarriageexportS3苧S3百*3*3*3a*s6.(s61word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯百S3*36S3*3(Z)S3*3(Z)S3*3(Z)*3(Z)S36Explanation:EXWisexfactory(placeofdelivery).Wheretheword'sbiggestobligationtothebuyerandtheseller'sminimumobligations.Thebuyerwillpaythecostofmanyparts,suchastheexportdeclaration,transportation,portofexport,etc.FCAisfreecarrier(designatedplaceofdelivery),thesellerisresponsiblefortheshipment,thecarrierofthebuyer,thebuyerisresponsibleforunloadingandloadingthegoodstothecarrier.Whenthegoodsdeliveredtothecarrier,theriskwilltransferthebuyer.TheCPTiscarriagepaidto(destination)isresponsiblefortheoriginoftheshippercostincludestransportationexportcustomsclearanceandfreightnamedplace(usuallyadestinationportorairport).Theshipperisnotresponsiblefordeliverytothefinaldestination(usuallythebuyer'sfacilities),ortobuyinsurance.CIPisthefreightandinsurancepaidto(designateddestination),thesellerisresponsibleformost,suchastheexportcustomsdeclarationform,loadingandunloadingchargesattheportofimportandexport.Insuranceistheresponsibilityoftheseller.Thebuyerisresponsiblefortheimportcustomsclearanceandtax.Thesellerpaysformost.ThedeliveryDATisterminal(designateddestination),theselleristocoverallshippingcostssuchasexportcharges,transportation,unloadingfromthemaincarrierattheportofdestinationandthedestinationportcost.Thebuyerisresponsiblefortheimportcustomsclearanceandtax.Thesellerpaysformost.Bounceis(specifythedestinationofdelivery),thesellerisresponsibleforarrangingtransportationanddeliveryofgoods,fromtraffictoolsreadyatdischarge,atthespecifiedplace.Thebuyerisresponsiblefortheimportcustomsclearanceandtax.Thesellerpaysformost.DDPdeliverydutypaid(designateddestination),thesellerisresponsibleforthegoodssenttothedesignatedplaceinChinabuyers,thegoodstothedestinationandpayallfeesincludingimportdutiesandtaxes.Wheretheword'slargestresponsibilityonthesellerandthebuyerminimumobligation.\word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

3.0Technicalreport3ConsolidationandgroupagearrangementsChart-ConsolidationandgroupagearrangementsDefinitionofGroupageTofillawholeboxofgoodsreceipts.Thiskindofgoodsusuallybythecarrier,respectively,inlandfreightandincontainerfreightstationorfreightstation,andthenwillbemorethantwoticketcargoinacontainer,alsowanttostandatthedestinationofinlandcontainerdepotordevanningdeliveryrespectively.Forthiskingofgoods,thecarriershouldaffordtoboxingandunboxingoperations,loadingdevanningfeestillchargethegoodstheresponsibilityofthecarrierforLCLgoods,basicallythesameasthetraditionalcargotransportation.Thistypeofcargosuitswellmicro,smallandmedium-sizedenterprise(SMEs)wheremostofthetimecargotoexportorimportismuchlessthantherequiredweightorvolumetobeefficient.ConsolidationConsolidationisreferstothattheconsolidatorwillformawholebatchofmanydifferentandseparatebatchesofgoodsshipped,thenitwillshipmentintheairline,usinganairwaybillandshippedtothesamedestination.Bytheairfreightrepresentativecompanytothedestinationspecifiedintheagentreceiving,thenmakeword文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

customsclearanceanddistributiontothemodeoftransportationoftheactualconsignee.Thisisoneofthemainbusinessofairfreightagent.Theperiodsofconsolidationcanbefoundinchartscoveringanytimeinterval,suchasthehoursanddays.Theseperiodcanlastfordays,monthsorevenayear..Circumstanceswhentheycouldbeused1InlessthanoneFCLloadedsmallconsignmentsituation,usuallyarecanvassingbythecarrierandcontainerfreightstationorinlandfreightstationsconcentrated,andaftermorethantwovotescargoconsolidationinacontainer,thesameshouldincontainerfreightstationorinlandstationswereunpackingdestinationdelivery.couldbeused.Whentoberequiredfasterthanmulti-modetransport,consolidationcouldbeused.Airtransportcouldbeusedincaseofemergency.CosteffectivepalletloadlevelFromthereport1,wecanknowthecostis￡1350,andwecanknowthe￡108perpallet.Thenwecalculatethe1350/108,itcangettheanswer12.5.Andthenitshouldacquiretheeffectivepalletloadlevel,soitshouldchoosethebestanswer,andthebestiscosteffectiveloadlevelis12.word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯Explanation:fromthefirstreport,wecangetthetotalcostof￡1350,asaresult,wecanknoweachtray￡108.Asaresult,costeffectivepalletloadlevel[1]=totalprice=￡1350/bed/tray￡108=12.5.Thusthecosteffectivepalletloadlevel=12.word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

4.0Technicalreport4LeasttotalcostconceptRecommendationChartsRouteARouteAModeCostKirriemuir-CoatbridgeRoad￡145+￡28 =￡173Coatbridge-SouthamptonRail￡315+￡15+(2x￡12)+￡24.5+￡55=￡433.5Southampton-portdemontrealcanadasea￡1880+￡24.5+￡34 =￡1938.5Transittime2+11+1=14daysHireFee￡6*(1+1+3+14+10+1+2)=￡192Insurance⑵￡80*(1+10%)=￡88Totalcost￡173+￡433.5+￡1938.5+￡488+￡192+￡88=￡3313RouteBModeCostKirriemu—TilburyRoad￡505+￡32+(6x￡15)=627Tilbury—PortdemontrealCanadasea￡2010+￡32+￡34=￡2076road￡420+(2x￡18)+￡32=￡488Transittime1+1+10+1=13daysHireFee6*(2+8+11+1+2)=￡144Insurance￡80Totalcost￡627+￡2076+￡488+￡144+￡80=￡3415word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯Accordingtothegraph,wecanfindthatthecostofRouteAis￡3313buttheRouteBonlyuse￡3415.TheRouteA<RouteB.ThusthebestRouteisRouteAandthemodeisroad-rail-sea.RecommendationChartRouteAModesRoad,RailandSeaLeasttotalcost(Excludingstandardoncostsuchascustomsetc)￡3313word文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

5.0Technicalreport5ProceduresanddocumentationProceduresanddocumentationtableAreaProceduresDocumentationTransport”]Firstly,goodsshouldbemoved.AngusGlenWatershouldfindafreightforwarder.Thereportofgoodstotheport.Formalitiesandcontractwillbeprepared.Then,HMcustomersandUKborderagencyneedrelaterdocumentationsthatthecompanyshouldoffer.Releaseofgoodstransportationoncecleared.Importsofgoodstotheport.Inaddition,thecompanysimplifiesproceduresofexporttopassthecustomsfreight.BritishgoodsintoCanadacustomswarehouseorsecurityarea,unlessspecialarrangements, such ascensorship(PARS)beforetravel.Releasebegantotransporttocleargoods.Pre-ArrivalReviewSystemalsoshouldbepassedbuyershaveanenquiry,thesellersgivequotation,nextthesellerwillgivethepro-formainvoice,thebuyerwillFIATACombinedTransportBillofLanding[3]Insurance,PackingListCommercialInvoiceGoodsClassificationCertificationofOriginManufacturingDeclarationAccurateConsigneeInformationPre-ArrivalreviewsystemInsurancedocumentationCustomsdeclarationUKandCanadianCustomsInvoiceword文檔可自由復(fù)制編輯

acknowledgetheorder,andcontractUnitedNationsConventiononcontractfortheinternationalSaleOfGoods,sellerpreparethegoodsforexport.CommerceFirstly,thebuyersenquiry,thenthesellersgivequotation,nextthesellerwillgivethepro-formainvoice,thebuyerwillacknowledgetheorder,andcontractUnitedNationsConventionOncontractForTheInternationalSaleOfGoods,sellerpreparethegoodsforexport.InternationalrulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerm,INCOTERMSProformaInvoice151ExportInvoicePackinglistUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleOfGoodsInternationalCommercialContractTitletosueCustomsTheUKandCustomsmustensurethatthereisnounauthorizedgood,poisonouscargoandotherforbiddengoods.Ondepartureandarrival,theUKcustomstaffmaycheckgoodsforanti-smuggling,animalandplanthealthandothers.Theprocedureisthatatfirst,enteringdataofcustomsclearance, electronicdeclaration, then thedeclarationcheckingandCertificationofOriginExportLicensePre-Shipment Inspectioncer