M5U2Grammarandusage

分詞的用法StepOne:Revision(不定式復(fù)習(xí)）主動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式todo

tobedoing

tohavedonetohavebeendoing

tobedonetohavebeendone

用不定式的適當(dāng)形式填空:

1.__________theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.(complete)2.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_______thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.(tell)3.Theyknewherwell.Theyhadseenher_____upfromthechildhood.(grow)4.Themeeting_________tomorrowisimportant.(hold)5.Shewasthefirstwoman______thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.(win)6.Withtwobadteeth___________,myfatherhastoseethedoctortomorrow.(pullout)Tocompletetobetoldgrowtobeheldtowin

tobepulledout一、分詞分類二、分詞的性質(zhì)及功能具有______________性質(zhì)，可以再句子擔(dān)任_____________________。其中，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)的含義，或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)含義，或動(dòng)作已完成?，F(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞表語，定語，賓補(bǔ)或狀語形容詞或者副詞Steptwo：分詞的用法分詞的形式：

現(xiàn)在分詞

主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式完成式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone

**過去分詞done(唯一形式)

**分詞的否定式是在其結(jié)構(gòu)前加not

形式與句子主語的邏輯關(guān)系與句子謂動(dòng)時(shí)間先后doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonedone主謂關(guān)系（主動(dòng)）同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生主謂關(guān)系（主動(dòng)）先于謂語動(dòng)作的發(fā)生動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系先于謂語動(dòng)作的發(fā)生動(dòng)賓（被動(dòng)）關(guān)系**現(xiàn)在分詞各種形式所表示的含義主語表語賓語賓補(bǔ)介賓定語狀語不定式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√

**分詞的完成式不作賓補(bǔ)，不作定語．表語，定語，賓補(bǔ)或狀語1）定語asleepingbabyababywhoissleepingarunningdogadogwhichisrunningabrokenglass=aglasswhichisbrokenabeatenteam=ateamwhichisbeatenThisistheproblemdiscussedatthemeeting.Thisistheproblemwhichwasdiscussedatthelastmeeting.Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.Theproblemwhichisbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.注意：1.單個(gè)分詞做定語，放在所修飾的名詞之前。分詞短語做定語，放在所修飾的名詞之后。2.分詞做定語的句子一般能改寫成定語從句。3.區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞做定語和動(dòng)名詞做定語

asleepingcarasleepingbabyareadingroomareadinggirlaswimmingpoolaswimmingplayer動(dòng)名詞做定語，表示某種功能；現(xiàn)在分詞做定語，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。ahearingaid助聽器2）表語這個(gè)消息聽起來令人振奮Thenewssoundsexciting.他們感到興奮Thegotveryexcited.他的父親對他的成績感到很滿意。Hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisscore.我的表不見了Mywatchisgone.注意：do+ing令人…..do+ed感到……(分詞作表語具有形容詞特征,沒有動(dòng)作意義)3）賓補(bǔ)當(dāng)我醒來的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽正坐在我旁邊。WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmymothersittingbesideme.我想找人秤這個(gè)包裹的重量。I’dliketohavethispackageweighed.我聽到鈴在某個(gè)地方正在響起。Ihearabellringingsomewhere.我找人把牙給拔了。Ihadatoothpulledoff.我發(fā)現(xiàn)蛇正在吃雞蛋。Ifoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.我看到蛇吃雞蛋。Ifoundthesnake(to)eattheeggs.我發(fā)現(xiàn)雞蛋被蛇吃了。Ifoundtheeggseatenbythesnake.Heheardsomeonecallinghim.他聽到有人正在喊他。Heheardhisnamecalled.他聽到他的名字被叫。Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodbecauseofmypoorEnglish.因?yàn)槲以愀獾挠⒄Z，我不能讓自己被理解。Ididn’tmakemyselfheardbecausealotofpeoplecriedinthehall.許多人在大廳里喊叫，所以我不能讓自己被聽見。注意：1.后接賓語再接分詞做賓補(bǔ)的常用動(dòng)詞：感官動(dòng)詞：hearseenoticewatchfeelfind使役動(dòng)詞：makelethaveget2.動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)區(qū)別:動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)，表示動(dòng)作全過程；現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)表示被動(dòng)概念。分詞作狀語1.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語◆Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.◆Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherthreechildrentolookafter.◆Readingcarefully,you’lllearnsomethingnew.◆Travelingbycar,wevisitedmanyplaces.◆Hestayedathome,cleaningandwashing.(時(shí)間、結(jié)果、條件、方式、伴隨)◆Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tvisitherinperson.◆Havingfoundthecause,thedoctorswereabletotreatthediseaseandcureit.◆Nothavingbeeninvited,shehadtostayathome.

★總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，其動(dòng)作與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用一般體，即用doingsth.形式；如果分詞的動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，用完成體，即用havingdone

sth.形式；如果是否定，在分詞前加not，即用notdoingsth.或nothavingdonesth.形式。

★generallyspeaking（一般地來說）judgingfrom/by（根據(jù)……判斷）considering…（考慮到）oconsideration（把......考慮進(jìn)去）providing…（如果），supposing…（假設(shè)），◆Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthesouth.◆Consideringyourhealth,you’dbetterhavearest.

2.過去分詞作狀語◆Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.◆Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.◆Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.◆Laughedat

bymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.◆Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhisdaughter.(時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨)★總結(jié)：過去分詞作狀語表示分詞表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，如果是否定，用notdone。

★分詞作狀語還可由連詞引起，表示各種意義：1.Pleasetakenoteswhilelisteningtothereport.2.Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.3.Thoughlackingmoney,theparentsstillmanagedtosendtheirsontocollege.4.Youngpeopleshouldgoandworkwhereverneeded.5.Oncepublished,thebookwillbecomeabest-seller.6.Iwon’tattendhisweddingpartyunlessinvited.

注意1.分詞做狀語可以還原為狀語從句。2.運(yùn)用此類句型時(shí)，前后主語要保持一致。隨堂練習(xí)與鞏固高考英語語法分類匯編--分詞（09福建）1.______nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.A.Reminding

B.Reminded

C.Toremind

D.Havingreminded(09四川)2.______manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold（09安徽）3.Theplay______nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.produced

B.beingproducedC.tobeproduced

D.havingbeenproducedBCD(09江西)4.Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlaws_____parentstotakemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.A.forcedB.forcingC.tobeforcedD.havingforced(09上海)5.Billsuggested_____ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.hold(09浙江)6._______andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.A.totireB.TiredC.TiringD.BeingtiredBCB(09湖南)7.Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,______inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered(09江西)8._________therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrewtheinternationalstars.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given(09重慶)9.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______withhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.comparedADD1.Facedwithabillfor$10，000，_____.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn

3.____toreachthemonthephone，wesentanemail,insteadA.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed4.____aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow2.HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity,______foradegreeincomputerscience.A.studiedB.studyingC.tohavestudiedD.tobestudying小試身手5.＿＿＿inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed6.______frommediareports,theresulthasbeenunclear.A.TojudgeB.HavingjudgedC.JudgingD.Judged7.____outoftheofficebuilding,suddenlyacarstoppedinfrontofme.A.TocomeB.HavingcomeC.ComingD.ThemomentIcame8.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_____meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought

FillthepassagewithproperformOurEnglishteacher,MissWangisfriendlywithus,_______fromHunanprovince.Weare__________(interest)inherclass,becauseherclassislivelyand____________.(interest)Likemanyotherteachers,shedevotesherselfto________(work)andspendsmostofthetime________(stay)withstudents._________(consider)ourpoorEnglish,shecomestoourclassroomalmosteverymorning,__________(watch)overthestudents_________(read)English.Shehasaspecialwaytodealwiththestudents_________(sleep)inclass.Shewillaskthesestudents_____________(answer)thequestions_____(give)byherself.Sheisbusywithherjoballtheday.________________(finish)allthework,shegoeshometohavearest.Butitisverylateintheday.MissWinginterestedinterestingworkingstayingConsideringwatchingreadingsleepingtoanswergivenHavingfinished難題解析1.When____help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“It’skindofyou.”A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offeredD解析：本題考查分詞作狀語與連詞的連用。解題關(guān)鍵是判斷動(dòng)詞offer與句子主語的關(guān)系，此處為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞offered,補(bǔ)充完整該句子為：Whenoneisofferedhelp,oneoftensays….難題解析2.Thecomputercentre,____lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.open