閱讀技能訓練——猜測詞義Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?

AFrenchstudentgoestoLondonforhisholiday.HeknowsalittleEnglish,buthecan’tspeakitverywell.Onedayhegoestoarestaurant.Hewantstohavesomeeggs,buthecan’tremembertheEnglishwordfor“egg”.

Helooksaroundandseesapictureof

ahen.Heshowsthepicturetothewaiter.“Whatdoyoucall

herchildren?”heasks.“Chicks,sir.”“Andwhatdoyoucall

chicksbeforethey’reborn?”“

Eggs,sir.”“Verywell,”saystheFrenchstudent.“Giveme

twoeggs

andacupoftea,please”.Ifyoumeetthenewwordswhenreading,whatwillyoudo?Paynoattentionandcontinuereading.Lookthemupinthedictionary.

Guessthemeaning.

How?閱讀理解題目的設(shè)置方式理解詞句含義型

考查內(nèi)容多為名詞、動詞、詞組甚至句子。英語中很多單詞和詞組在不同的語言環(huán)境中有著不同的內(nèi)涵，掌握大量單詞和習語是重要的，但語言是活的東西，做這類題時，考生應(yīng)盡可能通過上下文猜測詞義，即利用所熟悉的詞或短語和上下文已知的部分來進行合理推理，有時還需要依據(jù)常識和經(jīng)驗。（1）Theword“…”inthepassageprobablymeans___.（2）Theunderlinedword“…”inthepassagerefersto__.（3）Inthestorytheunderlinedword“…”means____.（4）Here“…”means____.（5）Theexpression/phrase“…”means____.（6）Theword“…”iscloseinmeaningto____.1.Iwillnotmakefriendswithadishonest

person.2.Whenthelittleboyfinished,hisfatherwas

speechless.3.Ifsomeathletesusedrugs,itisunfairtotheothers.一根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞

首先要熟悉基本的構(gòu)詞法及其規(guī)律,其次要掌握一定的詞根和詞綴。如:un-,im-,mis-,-less,-ness等。小結(jié)dis+honestspeech+less說不出話的un+fair利用構(gòu)詞法進行猜測根據(jù)單詞的前綴與后綴進行猜詞。如，care(小心)→careful(小心的)→carefully(小心地);write(寫)→rewrite(改寫)。un-;dis-;-less:;mis-:;re-:-ern:-er,-or,-ist:;2.根據(jù)“合成詞”猜測。如school+bag→schoolbagdown+stairs→downstairs不無錯誤再,重復,重新表方向表示人Thewaysofguessingthenewwordsincontext:1.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle——thatis,itwillbreakeasily.2.Thepurposeofthecampaignwastocatch“ringers”,studentswhotaketestsforotherstudents.3.Acalendar

isalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.二根據(jù)釋義猜詞

釋義常由定語從句或由…is,or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,becalled，beknownas等詞匯或破折號來表示。小結(jié)脆的冒名替考者日歷三根據(jù)同義詞關(guān)系猜詞

Herepliedquickly,butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahasty

decision.2.Yourideasareso

nebulousthattheyarenotcleartome.小結(jié)

and,or,suchas,like,forexample,forinstance常連接同義詞組。匆忙的不清楚的四根據(jù)對比和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系1.Althoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycool,thenoondaysunwastropical.

2.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞常有but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,though等。小結(jié)熱的惡化1.Theclockissoaccuratethatitwillneverloseasecondinmorethan200millionyears.

2.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.徒勞的，無效的五根據(jù)因果關(guān)系猜詞精確的小結(jié)常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞如:because，as，since，for，so，asaresult,so,so…that,such…that等表示前因后果。六根據(jù)生活常識或經(jīng)驗

1.Intheolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands,theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesplentyofdowry.2.Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thentherewillbeadrought.3.Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass.嫁妝旱災爬行,滑行生活常識對比轉(zhuǎn)折因果關(guān)系同義詞構(gòu)詞法定義上下文Howtoguessthemeaningofwords?Let’stry!1.…Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeaway