InternationalAccounting,6/eFrederickD.S.ChoiGaryK.MeekChapter1:IntroductionChoi/Meek,6/e1LearningObjectivesHowisinternationalaccountingdistinctfromdomesticaccounting?Whatdoesinternationalaccountingdiversityentail?Doesinternationalaccountinghaveahistory?Whatfactorsarecontributingtotheimportanceofinternationalaccountingasafieldofstudy?Choi/Meek,6/e2Whatexternalandinternalreportingissuesarisewhenbusinessandinvestingtranscendnationalborders?Whatismeantbytheterm,globalcapitalmarkets,andwhatdoesdevelopmentmeanforcapitalmarketparticipants?Choi/Meek,6/e3

WhatisInternationalAccounting?Domesticaccounting:aninformationspecialtyprovidinginformationaboutafirmtousersofthatinformationasabasisforeconomicdecisions.Choi/Meek,6/e4Internationalaccounting(defined):sameasaboveexceptthatthefirmbeingreportedonisamultinationalcompanywithoperationsandtransactionsthatcrossnationalboundariesoranentitywithreportingobligationstonon-domesticreaders.Choi/Meek,6/e5WhatDoesInternationalAccountingDiversityEntail?MeasurementprinciplesFinancialdisclosure(corporatetransparency)AuditingpracticesChoi/Meek,6/e6ContributingFactorsAccounting’sinternationalheritageDouble-entryoriginatesintheItaliancitystates.BookkeepingspreadstoGermanyandassiststhespreadofcapitalism.Dutchenhanceincomemeasurement.Choi/Meek,6/e7Frenchuseaccountingforgovernmentalplanningandcontrol.DoubleentryassiststheBritishinmanagingandcontrollingcommercialinterestsinthecolonies.AccountingplaysamajorroleintheU.S.industrialrevolution.Choi/Meek,6/e8ContributingFactors(contin)ParadoxofinternationalaccountingInmanycountries,accountingremainsanationalisticaffair.Accountingservespeopleandinstitutionswhosedecisionsareinternationalinscope.Accountingdiversitycreatesademandforharmonization.Choi/Meek,6/e9ContributingFactors(contin)GrowthandspreadofmultinationaloperationsChoi/Meek,6/e10Choi/Meek,6/e11ContributingFactors(contin)ReportingissueswhenbusinesstranscendsnationalboundariesConsolidationofforeignaccountsAccountingforforeigncurrencyfluctuationsAccountingforchangingpricesInternationalplanningandcontrolPerformanceevaluationofforeignoperationsFinancialriskmanagementInternationaltaxationandtransferpricingChoi/Meek,6/e12FinancialinnovationIdentifyingpotentialmarketrisksQuantifyingtrade-offsassociatedwithalternativeriskreductionstrategiesMeasuringriskexposuresAccountingforspecifichedgeproductsEvaluatingtheeffectivenessofhedgingprogramsChoi/Meek,6/e13ContributingFactors(contin)GlobalcompetitionCompetitivebenchmarkingnecessitatesinternationalcomparisons.Choi/Meek,6/e14Choi/Meek,6/e15ContributingFactors(contin)Cross-bordermergersandacquisitionsCorporatevaluationisafunctionofaccountingmeasurementsthatvaryfromcountrytocountry.E.g.,theeinp/evaluationmultiples.InternationalizationofcapitalmarketsRaisingexternalfinanceabroadmeansthatfinancialreportsmustincreasinglytravelinternationally.Choi/Meek,6/e16Choi/Meek,6/e17ContributingFactors(contin)ReportingissuesassociatedwithinternationalizationofcapitalmarketsHowtoanalyzeandinterpretforeignaccounts?Howtoreporttoforeignreaders?Howtoharmonizereportingstandardsinternationally?Choi/Meek,6/e18OtherChapterExhibitsChoi/