Unit1TheBusinessofLanguageandtheLanguageofBusiness2016.3黃巧ThedifferencesbetweenBEandAEspellingpronunciationvocabularyGrammarSgramcataloguevs.cataloghonourvs.honortheatre vs.theateroffensevs.offencerecognisevs.recognizemarvellousvs.marvelousanalysevs.analyzePronounciation

BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishask[ɑ?sk][?sk]dance[dɑ?ns][d?ns]fast[fɑ?st][f?st]path[pɑ?θ][p?θ]can’t[kɑ?nt][k?nt]BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishbox[b?ks][bɑks]crop[kr?p][krɑp]hot[h?t][hɑt]spot[sp?t][spɑt]ironic[a?'r?n?k][a?'rɑn?k]

BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishcar[ka:][kar]door[d??][d?r]party['pɑ?t?]['pɑrti]board[b??d][b?rd]morning['m??n??]['m?rn??]BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishdictionary['d?k?(?)n(?)r?]['d?k??'n?ri]laboratory[l?'b?r?,t(?)r?]

['l?br?'t?ri]necessarily

['nes?s(?)r?l?][,n?s?'s?r?li]preparatory[pr?'p?r?t(?)r?][pr?'p?r?t?ri]secretary['sekr?t(?)r?]

['s?kr?t?r?]BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishclerk[klɑ?k][kl?rk]either['a?e?]['ie?r]figure['f?g?]['f?ɡj?]issue['?sju?]['??u]leisure['le??]['li:??]neither['na?e?]['ni:e?]schedule['?edju?l]['sk?d?ul]vocabularyflatvs.apartmentareacodevs.zipcodequeuevs.linefilmvs.movie......differentwordsexpressingsimilarmeaningsGrammarTenseSubjunctivemoodCollectivenounsModalverbsPrepositionsBritishEnglishAmericanEnglishI’vejusthadlunch.Ijusthadlunch.Haveyouwashedyourhands?Didyouwashyourhands?BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishShesuggestedthatheshouldquitsmoking.Shesuggestedthathequitsmoking.Thejudgeorderedthatthemoneyshouldbereturnedatonce.Thejudgeorderedthatthemoneybereturnedatonce.BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishTheteamareexcited.Theteamisexcited.Thegovernmentareannouncinganimportantdecision.Thegovernmentisannouncinganimportantdecision.BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishShedarednotstayinthedark.Shedidn’tdaretostayinthedark.Youneedn’tgowiththem.Youdon’tneedtogowiththem.BritishEnglishAmericanEnglishattheweekendontheweekendathomehomeThedoctorfeltofmypulse.Thedoctorfeltmypulse.TheplayopensonThursday.TheplayopensThursday.I’llwritetohim.I’llwritehim.TheDevelopmentofEnglishThehistoryofEnglishlanguage:startwiththearrivalofthreeGermanictribes(Whatarethey?)Threeperiods:OldEnglish(450-1100AD):TheGermanictribesspokesimilarlanguage,notsoundorlooklikeEnglishtodayMiddleEnglish(1100-1500):1066,WilliamtheConqueror,theDukeofNormandy,invadedandconqueredEnglandupperclassesspokeFrenchvs.lowerclassesspokeEnglishEnglishbecamedominantinBritainin14thCentury,withmanyFrenchwordsaddedTheDevelopmentofEnglishModernEnglish(1500-present):EarlyModernEnglish(1500-1800):manynewwordsandphrasesentered;inventionofprinting&books→standardize(thedialectofLondon),spellingandgrammar→fixed;1604,thefirstEnglishdictionary→publishedLateModernEnglish(1800-present):biggervocabulary:needofIndustrialRevolutionandtechnologyfornewwords;widecoverageofBritishEmpireandtheadoptingofforeignwordsfromothercountries

TheDevelopmentofEnglish(fillinblanks)JuliusCaesarDukeofNormandyOldEnglishLatinFrenchMiddleEnglishATableAlphabeticallSamuelJohnsonWebsterOxfordHaveyouheardofthefollowingpeople?DanielDefoe(1663-1731)JonathanSwift(1667-1745)JosephAddison(1672-1719)SirHenryYule(1820-1889)famouspeopleJosephAddison:Englishessayistandpoet;foundedTheSpectatormagazinetogetherwithRichardSteeleSirHenryYule:aScotishOrientalist.ExplainthefollowingtermsBrits:Britishpeople英國人computerese:jargonconcerningcomputertechnique電腦行話Esperanto:anartificiallanguageinventedin1887asameansofinternationalcommunication,basedonthemainEuropeanlanguagesbutwitheasygrammarandpronunciation世界語gender(grammar):classificationofan./pron.asmasculineorfemine性（名詞或代詞的陰陽性）globalization:theprocessoftransformationoflocalorregionalphenomenaintoglobalones.Thisprocessisacombinationofeconomic,technological,sociacultural,andpoliticalforces全球化Internettery:Internetlanguage

網(wǎng)絡語言Explainthefollowingtermslaisser-faire:policyoffreedomfromgovernmentcontrol,espforprivatecommercialinterests自由放任政策（尤指政府不干涉私人商業(yè)利益者）linguafranca:asharedlanguageofcommunicationusedbypeoplewhosemainlanguagesaredifferent混合語，交際語（在使用幾種語言的地區(qū)，人們進行交際的混合語言）monoglot:(aperson)capableofspeakingonlyasinglelanguage只熟悉一種語言的（人）phonebabble:chatlanguageonthephone,espatlength電話（煲電話粥）用語teenspeak:idiosyncratictalkofteenagers青少年語言TextAAWorldEmpirebyOtherMeansNewWordsandExpressions

TextIITalkBusiness?WatchYourLanguagenewwordsandexpressionsfastreadingsecondreadingWordformationn.v.a.perceptionperceiveperceptivearticulatenessarticulatearticulatecondescensioncondescendcondescendingvibrationvibratevibrantelasticityelasticateelasticexaggerationexaggerateexaggerativeencroachmentencroachencroachingsynthesissynthesizesyntheticacommodationaccommodateaccommodatingglobalizationglobalizeglobalTranslation1.Ihatetotellyouthis,butifwedon'tgetmorecustomersthenextthreemonths,thebottomlineisthatwe'llgooutofbusiness.2.Theauthoritiesmightbeconcernedwiththesideeffectsoftheoutdoorads,butthisdoesnotmeanthebanislegallyjustifiable.Ithashinderedusfromschedulingourprojects.3.Asophisticatedandinnovativefinancialsystemissusceptibletodestructivebooms;butasimple,tightlyregulatedonewillcondemnaneconomytogrowslowly.4.PresidentBushsaysheknowsmanyAmericansareconcernedaboutthefutureoftheeconomy,withtheriskthatcontinuedinstabilityinthehousingmarketcouldputmorejobsinjeopardy.InterpretationInrecentyearsBrusselshasbeenafineplacetoobservetheirresistableriseofEnglishasEurope'slinguafranca.FornativespeakersofEnglishwhoarelazyaboutlearninglanguages(yes,theyexist),Brusselshasbecomeanembarrassinglyeasyplacetoworkorvisit.EnglishisincreasinglyaudibleandvisibleinthischarmingBelgiancity,andwidespreadintheconcrete-and-glassEuropeanquarter.Now,however,signsofabacklasharebuilding.Thisisnotbasedonsentiment,butonpointsofeconomicefficiencyandpoliticalfairness.Andinaneatcoincidence,Brusselsisagainagoodplacetowatchthebacklashdevelop.InterpretationStartintheEuropeandistrict,wheretheexpansionoftheEuropeanUnionhasleftEnglishnotjustaheadoftheotherlanguages,butinapositionofutterdominance.Theunionnowboasts27membersand23officiallanguages,butonlyimportantmeetingsuseinterpreters.Atlowerlevels,asamatteroffact,Englishist