四級寫作--------寫作方法Contents

實用句型寫作模板四級寫作大綱要求歷屆四級作文回顧四級分段式寫作方法寫作選取考生熟悉的題材?？忌韪鶕?jù)規(guī)定的題目和提供的提綱、情景、圖片或圖表等，寫出一篇不少于120詞的短文。寫作要求是思想表達正確、意義連貫、無嚴重語言錯誤。考試時間30分鐘。大學英語四級考試寫作部分要求考生達到教育部高等教育司最新《大學英語課程教學要求》（教學大綱）中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性寫作任務；能描述個人經(jīng)歷、觀感、情感和發(fā)生的事件等；能寫常見的應用文；能就一般性話題或提綱在半小時內(nèi)寫出120個詞的短文，內(nèi)容基本完整，用詞恰當，語意連貫。能掌握基本的寫作技能?！贝缶V要求：IntroductionA思想表達

1.表達中心思想寫作

2.表達重要和特定信息

3.表達觀點、態(tài)度等B篇章組織

4.圍繞所給的題目敘述、議論或描述，突出重點

5.連貫地組句成段、組段成篇考核技能：IntroductionC語言運用

6.運用恰當?shù)脑~匯

7.運用正確的語法

8.運用合適的句子結(jié)構(gòu)

9.使用正確的標點符號

10.運用銜接手段表達句間關(guān)系（如對比、原因、結(jié)果、程度、目的等）

D寫作格式

11.運用正確的符合英語表達習慣的寫作格式

考核技能真題回顧：2011年12月英語四級作文Outlines:1.堅強的意志是成功的重要保證。2.意志堅定的人才能完成偉大的使命3.學生也是這樣，不刻苦學習，終究不會成為有用之才NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongNothingrunssmoothlyinourlife.Toachievethingssuccessfully,astrongwillisessential.LifeislikeaMarathon.Manypeoplecan’tgettotheterminal.Thisisnotbecausetheyarelackofvitalitybutbecausetheirwillofsuccessisnotstrongenough.Totakequittingsmokingasanexample,someregarditasapieceofcake.Theymakeuptheirmindstoquititinthemorning,butintheeveningtheyfeelthatthesmellofcigarettesistempting.Theirthroatsaresore,theirmouthsarethirsty,andtheirhandsareshaking.Afterthepainfulmentalstruggle,theytellthemselvesthat“Onecigaretteisenough.Justtakeone,andthenextdayIwillquitit.”Bydoingthis,theysurrendertotheirweakwill.Intheend,theyhavequittedsmoking“ahundredtimes”,butinnotimetheysucceed.Justlikequittingsmoking,nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill.Tobesuccessfulinone’slife,astrongwillmeansthatyouknowwhereyougoandyouwillpersistontheroadyouchoose.Undoubtedlysuccessbelongstothosewhoovercometheirweakwillandwhohanginthereuntilthelastminute.2011年6月大學英語四級作文1．現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上購物已成為一種時尚2．網(wǎng)上購物有很多好處，但也有不少問題3．我的建議注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上。DoingShoppingOnlineWiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,shoppingisnolongeratiringthing.Justclickyourmousetochoosethearticlesyoulike,andthepurchaseisdone.Youdon'tevenhavetostepoutoftheroom.Itseemsalleasyandquick.However,people'sopinionsvaryonthistrend.Somebelievethatonlineshoppingistimeandmoneysaving.Withplentifulselectionoptions,theycanbuywhatevertheylikeatanytimeconvenient.Stillothersinsistthatmis-purchasingaloneisannoyingenough,nottomentionthecredibilityofthesellersandthesafetyoftheiraccounts.Inmyopinion,theconvenienceandexcitementofonlineshoppingisbeyondalldoubts.Inthemeantime,wemustalwaysbearinmindthatcertaintrapsdoexist,sowe'dbettermakesurethesellersaretrustworthybeforebuying.Inaddition,weshouldalsoguardourselvesfromthepotentialhackerswhomightstealouraccountinformation.2010年12月大學英語四級作文真題

1.目前不少父母為孩子包辦一切2.為了讓孩子獨立,父母應該……HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?參考范文HelpChildrentoBeIndependentThankstothe“familyplan”policy,todayinChinamanyfamilieshaveonechild.LovingandcaringforchildrenisanoldChinesetraditionthathasremainedforthousandsofyears.Butthechildrenarespoiltsomuchthattheyhavelessindependence.Theyrelyontheirparentsineverything.Thatisbadforachild'sgrowing.Therefore,parentsshoulddevelopthechildren'sindependenceinsteadofdoingeverythingforthem.Therearesomewaystohelpchildrentobeindependent.Firstofall,youshouldbelieveyourchildrencandothethingswell.Second,givethemmorechancestopractice,whentheydon'tknowhowtodoit,justtellthemtheway.Third,don'tbeafraidtoseethemfail.Inthebeginning,theymaydosomethingbad.Butdon'tworry,justletthemtryagain.Theycandotheworkaswellasyouifgivenmoretime.Tobeindependentisgoodforthechildren.Achildwhoisindependentwillsucceedeasilyinthefuture.2010年06月大學英語四級作文真題1.如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫

2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因

3.為了改變這種狀況，我認為…DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling

CorrectspellingisabasicskillinEnglishstudy.However,nowadaysmanystudentsdonotpaymuchattentiontoit.

Theyhavetheirownreasonsformisspelling.Firstofall,theylikeaneasywayofstudying,whichcausessomeomissionsandchangesinspelling.Second,theteachersmightnotbeverystrictinstudents’spelling.InChina,teachersseemtobemoreconcernedwithgrammarandvocabularybutnotspelling.

Tochangethissituation,inmyopinion,theteachersandthestudentsshouldworktogether.Ononeand,theteachersshouldgivemoreattentiontostudents’spelling,askingthestudentstobeconsciousoftheimportanceofcorrectspellingfromtheverybeginningoftheirEnglishstudy.Ontheotherhand,thestudentsthemselvesaresupposedtobeawarethatcorrectspellingisamustinEnglishstudy.

Tosumup,correctspellingissoimportantthatbothstudentsandtheteachersshouldsparenoeffortstoachievecorrectspelling.2009年12月大學英語四級作文真題1.建設(shè)綠色校園很重要

2.綠色校園不僅指綠色的環(huán)境……

3.為了建設(shè)綠色校園，我們應該……CreatingaGreenCampus

Recently,withtheideaofmakingandmaintaining“agreenearth”beingthefocusofthesociety,“greencampus”hasbecomeamoreandmorepopularconceptinuniversitiesorcolleges,which,undoubtedly,willbringusanever-lastingbenefittobothourcampusandoursociety.

Theconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeople’smind.Campusplaysacrucialroleineducatingtheyounggenerationandtheconsciousnessof“greencampus”willdefinitelyproduceaprofoundeffectonstudents’variousenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesaftertheirgraduation.What’smore,theyounggenerationisundertheburdenofsevereenvironmentalpollutionandtherearemanyproblemswaitingforthemtosolve.

Tomake“greencampus”cometrue,firstly,itisnecessarytoworkouteffectiveprinciplesforthedevelopmentofsustainableandrecyclablecampus.Secondly,itcallsforpeople’sawarenessoftheseriouspollutionaroundusandactualactiontoreducethewaste.Lastbutnotleast,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetiesbetweencampusandsociety,soastoensurethat“greencampus”canworksmoothlywiththeco-effortofthewholesociety.2009年06月大學英語四級作文真題1.越來越多的博物館免費對外開放的目的是什么？2.也會帶來一些問題3.你的看法？FreeAdmissiontoMuseumsNowadays,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsareadmission-freetovisitorshomeandabroad.Thehiddenreasonbehindthisisnothardtoanalyzeasthere’sagrowingawarenessfortheauthoritiesregardingtheurgencyofpopularizationofculture,knowledgeandhistorywitheveryaveragepersoninoursociety.Onlywithfreeaccesstothislive‘database’,canmostpeoplefullyenjoywhatmuseumscouldoffertothem.However,freeadmissiontomuseumsmightleadtosomesocialproblemsaswell.Themostobviousproblemisthatitmightgivemuseumsaveryheavyeconomicburdenwhichdirectlyimpedesthesustainabledevelopmentoftheseorganizations.Asaresult,ourgovernmenthastoworkoutotherwaystocollectfundsfromdifferentchannels,whichmightbedifficulttooperateorcontrol.Ontheotherhand,freeadmissionattractstoomanyvisitors,someofwhichmightnotbewell-purposedanddosomeconsciousorunconsciousdamagetothevaluabletreasureswhichusedtobewell-preservedinthemuseums.Asauniversitystudent,Iaminfavorofthefree-admissionconduct.Yetitisproposedthatsomemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvethepotentialproblemscausedbyit.Forexample,museumscanmakesomeregulationstoguidethebehaviorofvisitorsorsetsome‘closed’daysformuseumsforregularmaintenance.Onlyinthiswaycanfree-admissiontomuseumsbecomealong-lastingphenomenonandhavesustainabledevelopment.2008年12月大學英語四級作文真題怎樣改善學生的心理健康1.學生心理健康的重要性2.學校應該怎樣做3.學生自己應該怎樣做Howtoimprovepsychologicalhealth?Asisknowntoall,psychologicalhealthisasimportantas,ifnotmoreimportantthan,physicalhealthforastudentduringhis/hergrowth.However,it'squiteworryingthatnowadayssomestudentsarenotquitepsychologicallyhealthy.Undoubtedly,schoolsanduniversitiesshouldtakegreataccountintheresponsibilitiesofstudents'psychologicalhealth.Relevantcoursesandactivitiesshouldbeintroducedtostudentssothattheywouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceofpsychologicalhealthandfindappropriatewaystomaintainandimproveit.Forexample,thereshouldbeapsychologicalcounselinghotlineorofficeforstudentstoturntowhentheyneedsomepsychologicalaid.Ofcoursenopsychologicalhealthcanbeobtainedwithouttheeffortsfromthestudentsthemselves.Frommyperspective,whattheycandoistryingtostaypositive,optimisticandfollowtherightguidelinesfromtheirschools.Tobemorespecific,theycanparticipateinsomeactivitiessuchasvoluntaryworktocultivateanopeningandcaringmind.Meanwhile,harmfulimpactsfromthecyberspaceshoulddefinitelybeavoided.2008年06月大學英語四級作文真題1.有人認為網(wǎng)絡可以讓學習、工作更有效率2.還有人認為網(wǎng)絡讓青少年沉迷，進而影響學習3.你對于網(wǎng)絡的看法參考范文 TheInternetIntheeraofinformationandtechnology,theInternethasplayedanimportantroleinoursociety.WiththeInternet,it'seasytogettheinformationweneed,improvingtheefficiencyofourstudyandwork.Wecan'tdenythatitisimpossibleforlotsofpeopletoachievegreatsuccessinthemodernsocietywithouttheInternet.However,somepeoplethinkthattheInternethasabadeffectonthegrowthoftheteenagers.TheteenagersaretooyoungtoresistsometemptationsfromtheInternet.SomeofthemindulgethemselvesintheInternetandatlastareluredawayfromthestudy.Inmyopinion,weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheadvantagesoftheInternetandmakethemostofit.Meanwhile,weshouldteachtheteenagershowtousetheInternetpositively,andmaketheInternetatoolfortheirhealthydevelopment.2007年12月大學英語四級作文真題

1、各大學開設(shè)了各種各樣的選修課

2、學生因為各種原因選擇了不同的選修課3、以你自己為例……

WhatElectivesToChoose

WiththereformofChinesehighereducation,moreandmorecollegesanduniversitiesputemphasisonnurturingstudents’abilities.Asaresult,electivecoursesareavailablenotonlyforexcellentacademicperformersbutalsoforstudentsabouttheaveragelevel.

Certainly,studentshavedifferentreasonstochoosetheirownelectives.Forsome,practicalskillsaretheessenceofcollegeeducation,andtherefore,coursesoncomputerscience,marketing,andfinancearehighlypreferred.Ontheotherhand,othersmayholdtheideaofliberaleducationandelectivesconcerningliterature,history,andphilosophyarethemostwelcome.

Takemeasanexample:beingadiscipleoffreeeducation,Istandforthenotionthatuniversityisnotaplaceforsurvivalskills,butapalaceofknowledgeandcriticalreasoning.Althoughmymajorischemistry,theelectivesIattendmostfrequentlyareEnglishliterature,anIntroductiontoClassicMusic,andDifferentSchoolsofWesternPainting.Theyreallywidenmyhorizon.2007年06月大學英語四級作文真題歡迎辭，歡迎加入俱樂部。標題：Welcometoourclub本文要求考生寫一篇歡迎辭，屬于一篇應用文寫作，與04年6月的導游詞類似，筆者認為難度不大，可按照以下提綱書寫：

1.表達你的歡迎；

2.對你們的俱樂部作一個簡要介紹。參考范文： LadiesandGentlemen,

Firstofall,pleaseallowmetoexpressthemostheartfeltwelcometoallofyouonbehalfofourEnglishClub.Wehavebeenlookingforwardtoseeingyouforlong.Itisawonderfuldaytoday.

NowIwouldliketobriefmyclubtoyousinceIwanttoleavethemostwonderfulforyoutodiscover.Ourclub,organizingvariousactivitiesregularlycateringfortheneedsofparticipants,iswell-knownamongmanyEnglishlearners.IfyouwanttomeetnativeEnglishspeakers,pleasejoinus.IfyouwanttospeakEnglishnotonlyaccuratelybutalsofluently,pleasejoinus.IfyouwanttodiscoverthemostattractiveaspectsinEnglish,pleasejoinus.IdohopethatyouwillenjoyyourjourneyofEnglishstudywithus.Thankyou!

SincerelyYours

LiMing2012年6月大學英語四級作文真題

1.許多商品都存在過度包裝的現(xiàn)象

2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因及其帶來的后果

3.為了改變這種狀況，我認為……

On

Excessive

Packaging

I

assume

that

you

are

familiar

with

the

phenomenon

of

“Excessive

Packaging”.

Taking

a

look

around，we

can

find

examples

with

ease：a

small

computer

is

packed

in

a

thick

and

heavycarton，clothes

are

putted

in

a

well-designed

plastic

bagsand

moon-cakes

are

usually

placed

in

delicate

boxes.

What

are

the

causes

of

this

problem?

On

the

one

hand,

to

earn

moreeconomic

gains,

a

considerable

number

of

manufactures

usually

wrap

their

products

with

unnecessary

but

appealing

materials

aiming

at

attracting

customer’s

attention

,

arousing

their

curiosity

and

then

stimulating

their

purchasing

desire.

On

the

other

hand,

quite

a

few

customers

believe

that

the

moredelicate

the

package

seems，the

superior

the

quality

will

be,the

notion

has

also

encouraged

the

trend

of

excessive

packaging.

To

change

this

situation,

I

think

we

should

take

the

following

measures.

First,

laws

must

be

made

and

implemented

to

impose

restriction

onexcessive

packaging.

Moreover,

a

public

education

campaign

should

be

launched

to

arouse

customers'

consciousness

that

packaging

doesn't

equal

to

quality.

Only

in

this

way

can

we

put

an

end

to

this

trend.

(185words)2012年12月大學英語四級作文真題1.你的基本情況yourbasicinformation12.你申請貸款的原因、數(shù)額及用途youreasonfortheloan,theamountandpurpose3.你如何保證?？顚Ｓ靡约澳愕倪€款打算參考范文：EducationPaysTheabovebarchartclearlyshowsuseducationpaysin2010.Weseethatunemploymentrateofthosewithhighereducationbackgroundismuchlowerthanthosewithlowereducationdegree.Forinstance,theunemploymentrateofcollegestudentswithnodegreeisashighas14.9%whilethatofthosewithdoctoraldegreeisonly1.9%.Thefollowingreason,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantonetoaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichmakethemmorequalifiedandcompetentfortheirtask.Thus,theyarelesslikelytolosetheirjobs.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,educationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertoavoidunemployment.2013年6月大學英語四級作文真題對白：子：Dad,I‘mabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste.父：Ifyoucanemptythedustbin

here,youcandoanything!

圖畫作文分析：作文的第一段，要進行簡單描繪圖畫內(nèi)容，這是必須的，也是題目中強制要求的（abriefdescriptionofthepicture）。描述的時候，只要把父子兩的對話移植到第一段，然后把父親手指垃圾桶的動作描繪一下就可以了，非常簡單。作文的第二段，進行主旨提煉并且論述。這幅圖畫很容易看出主題，那就是做大事之前，要先做小事（一屋不掃，何以掃天下）,而且題目中其實早就已經(jīng)透露了主題了（expressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.）因此，第二段通篇論述小事做起的重要性就可以了。屬于我在課堂上講過的作文三大分類之“積極主題，論述意義”作文第三段，總結(jié)，啟發(fā)。這一段再次強調(diào)小事做起的意義，我們不能低估他的威力。文章最后可以以名人名言作為結(jié)尾。參考范文一：

Inthispicture,wecantellthatthesonistalkingtohisfatherabouthisconcernaboutthenuclearwaste.Hisfathertoldhimthatifhecanemptythedustbinfirst,hecandoanything.Thisisaneasybutveryimportantstory,tellingusthatwehavetofocusonthingsaroundourdailylifefirst,andthenthethingsgreatenoughintheworld.

Inourdailylife,itisverycommontofindsomepeoplethattalkabouttheirgreatmindsontopicsthatfarawayfromtheirlives.However,theyprovidelittleconcernonstaffsthataroundtheirowndailylives.Thesepeopleareusuallynotverysuccessfulbecausetheirmindsarebeyondtheirgrasp.Tothisend,studentswhowanttobeabetterman,havetoknowthatonecanbecomegreaterandgreateriftheycancompletethingsaroundtheirdailylifewellonebyone.Theymaystandonthetopofthemountaininthesocietyfinally.

參考范文二：

Justasisrevealedinthepictureabove,theyoung,nowadays,justliketheboyinthedrawing,arepronetoreachforwhatisbeyondtheirgrasp,butignorethesignificanceofdoingsomethingtrivialandsimplebeforeaccomplishinggreatfeats.

Thereisnodoubtthatthesymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedinthepictureshouldbegivendeepconsideration.Asweallknow,amanwhodoesnotsweeparoom,doesn'tmentiontosweeptheworld.Inotherwords,thefoundationsofabuildingmustbestrong,orelsethewholestructurewillfalldownsomeday.Therefore,whenitcomestothekeytosuccess,themostimportantthingliesindoingeverytinythingwellaroundyou.

Asthesayinggoes,“thehighesteminenceistobegainedstepbystep.”Toachievethegoal,notmerelydoweneedambition;wealsoneedtorealizetheimportanceofdealingwithtrivialityfromthebeginning.Onlyinthiswaycanwegetonthewaytosuccessdowntoearth.

參考范文三：

Thepictureshowsusadialoguebetweenafatherandason.Thesontoldhisfather,“Dad,I’mabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste”.Whilehisfathertoldhim,“Ifyoucanemptythedustbinhereyoucandoanything”.Itrevealstheimportanceofdoingsmallthingswellbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.ThereisalsoanoldChinesesayingtogowiththisthatapersoncan’tsweeptheworldbeforehecansweephisownroom.

Iagreeonthepointthatitisofgreatimportanceforapersontodosmallthingswellbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Firstofall,doingsmallthingswellentailthequalitiesthatneededindoinggreatthingssuchaspatienceandabilityofcontrollingtime.Forexample,whenwesweepourroom,weneedtomanageourtimeandenergyreasonably.Accordingly,ifwesweepabiggerroom,forexample,aclassroomwithourclassmates,weshouldlearnhowtocooperateandallotassignmentsaswell.Andabigadvantageisthatwecandrawusefullessonsfromthefailureofperformingwellbecausetheydidn’tcostalot.

Inanotherword,thoughthesethingsseemtrivial,theyreinforceourmanipulativeabilityandthusourunderstandingtotheworld.Therefore,weshouldnotignorethesmallthings.

圖片、圖表作文的模版圖片模板：Itseemstomethatthecartoon/drawingissendingamessageabout____________（圖畫內(nèi)容），whichreveals

____________（稍作評價）.Inmyperspectiveofview,____________（表明個人觀點）。Apparently,____________（將個人觀點和圖片內(nèi)容相結(jié)合，得出觀點。）Foronething,____________（從社會角度論證）.Foranotherthing,____________（從個人角度說明）.Forexample,____________（自己、朋友或他人，只要自己知道或聽過的例子）.Lastbutnotleast,____________（從反面角度談論）.Asaresult,thedraweroftheillustrationisurgingusto_____________（建議或措施）.Onlyinthiswaycanwe

____________（展望結(jié)果）.Inconclusion/Tomyunderstanding,____________（再次表明觀點或態(tài)度）.Weshould____________（進一步說明個人的觀點）.圖表模板：Accordingtothebarchart/piechart/linegraphdisplaysthechangesinthenumberof____________（圖表整體趨勢）.Therewasanincreasein____________（圖表細節(jié)）.Atthepointof____________,____________reachesitspeakvalueof____________(數(shù)據(jù)或變化).Whathascausedthesechanges?Therearemainlythreereasons.Firstly,____________（原因一）.Secondly,____________（原因二）.Thenumberof____________increasedovertheperiod.____________roseby_________from________to________________.Andtherewere____________.Finally,____________（最后一個原因）.Inconclusion/Wecansafelydrawtheconclusionthat____________（結(jié)論）.Therefore,____________（進一步談論更多個人想法）.

英語寫作的開篇方法:1.開門見山法文章一開頭就點明主題，把中心思想一目了然地呈現(xiàn)給讀者。這是六級作文最常用的一種開篇方法。

1)Whetheryouareasmokeroranonsmoker,youshouldtakemeasurestoprotectyourlungs.

2)Happinessiseasytofindandeasytolose.Itdependsonthewayyoulookatlife.

3)Communicationwithotherpeoplebytelephoneisveryconvenient,especiallywhenyouhavesomethingurgent.

4)It'shightimethatcollegestudentsgottoknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.

5)Thedictionaryisalivingteacher.Wheneveryoucomeacrossanewword,justconsultitandyouwillgetacleardefinition.2.交代背景法開篇就把事件發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物及情景等交代的清清楚楚。這種方法多用于敘述文和描寫文。

1)Itwascoldandbleakinthelatewinter.Thenightwasdark;notastarwastobeseeninthegloomyanddismalsky.Thenorthwindwashowlingdreadfullyoutsidethehouse,likethescreamsofsomewoundedwildbeasts.

2)Todayismybirthday.ItisthefirsttimethatIspentmybirthdayintheUnitedStates.Beingaloneandfarawayfromhome,Iintendedtospendthedayquietlyallmyself.

3)Ihavealwaysbeenfondofwriting.EversinceIwasalittlechild,Iliketoscribblesomemeaninglesswords.Later,whenIwasalittleolder,Iporedoverthefamousstories,and...

4)Notveryfarfrommyhouseliesseashoreinthesouth.Wecangothereonfootinabouttenminutes.Insummereveningwhensunissetting,...3.提出問題法用提出問題的方法引出文章的主題，以激起讀者的閱讀興趣。其后可以針對這個問題進行解答，這樣也就展開了段落。這種方法可用于各種文體。

1)Whatissuccess?Differentpeoplemaygivedifferentanswerstothisquestion.Somepeoplethinkthat...

2)Whatmakeslifeworthliving?Therearemanypossibleanswerstothisquestion,suchas...

3)Haveyoueversaid“No”toanyonewhoasksyouforhelp?OnceaclosefriendofmineaskedmetotakeanEnglishexamforhim,....

4)Canwealthbringhappiness?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutthis.Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthatwealthissourceofhappiness.Somepeople...

5)Wealthorhealth,whichismoreimportant?Someyoungpeoplethinkthattheyareyoungandingoodhealth,andthatthemostimportantthingforthemistomakemoremoney...4.警句名言法所謂“警句名言”指人們耳熟能詳?shù)闹V語、習語、俗語、警句、名人名言或偉人的論述等，它們常常具有權(quán)威性或其道理已為大家公認。由此開篇可以增強文章的說服力。但要注意你所引述的警句名言一定要“名”，家喻戶曉，人所共知，不可引述生僻的名言。另外，一般是用直接引語來引述，所以務必準確無誤。

1)Aproverbsays,“Timeismoney.”Butinmyopinion,timeisevenmorepreciousthanmoney.Because...

2)Asanoldsayinggoes,“Artislong,butlifeisshort.”Wehaveonlylimitedtimetoobtainunlimitedknowledge.

3)“Practicemakesperfect.”Thisself-evidentproverbmeansdoingsomethingrepeatedlyistheonlywaytobecomeverygoodatit.

4)AsanancientChineseproverbgoes,“Thewholeyear'sworkdependsonagoodstartinspring;thewholeday'sworkdependsonagoodstartinthemorning.”Thatisquitetrue.

5)“Knowledgeispower.”SuchistheremarkmadebyFranciscoBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.

5.數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計法此方法就是引用一些具體的，已經(jīng)證實的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字來引出文章的主題。然后以這些數(shù)據(jù)作為證據(jù)，來論述、解釋、說明你要表達的思想，這樣開頭可信度高，說服力強。使用此法時，要注意所引述的數(shù)據(jù)或數(shù)字一定要準確，有來源，切不可為了說明某一問題而杜撰數(shù)據(jù)。此法主要用于說明文和議論文中，圖表作文中用的最多。

1)Unemploymentrosefrom7.5%inJune2002to7.8%inJuly2002,thehighestratesinceJanuaryofthatyear,theLaborDepartmentreported.

2)Accordingtoarecentpoll,61percentofAmericanhighschoolstudentshaveadmittedtocheatingonexamatleastonce.

3)Thereare7billionpeopleintheworld(2000figure),andthesmokersareabout1.4billion,whichmakeup20percentoftheworld'stotalpopulation.例1)是一篇關(guān)于失業(yè)問題的短文。文章的一開頭就引用了來自勞動部的報告：失業(yè)率從2002年6月的7.5%上升到7月的7.8%，達到本年自元月份起的最高點。這一具體的數(shù)字有力論證了中心思想——失業(yè)問題的嚴重性。例2)和例3)同樣是在文章的開頭使用具體的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，分別說明美國中學生作弊的普遍性和世界吸煙人數(shù)之多。

6.比較對比法

在作文的開頭把人們熟悉的人物或事物與其他的人物或事物放在一起分析它們的相似之處或不同之處。通過比較對比，強調(diào)某一人物或事物，使讀者對其有更為深刻的認識和理解。

1)Allpeoplewillagreethatwithoutwaternolivingthingscansurvive.Butnotallpeoplehaverealizedthatfreshwatercanbeusedup.Somesay:“Thereisinexhaustiblefreshwaterinriver,wells,lakesandsoon.”

2)Therelationshipbetweenateacherandastudentcanbegoodorbad,helpfulorharmful.Eitherway,therelationshipcanaffectthestudentfortherestofhislife.Agoodteach-studentrelationshipwillmakelearningenjoyableandinteresting,whereasabadrelationshipcandiscouragethestudentfromlearningandmaketeachinganunpleasanttask.

3)AreyouawareofthestrikingsimilaritiesbetweentwoofthemostpopularU.S.presidents,AbrahamLincolnandJohnF.Kennedy?LincolnandKennedyarebothrememberedfortheirsenseofhumor,aswellasfortheirinterestincivilrights.

4)WhenlisteningtoaconversationbetweenanAmericanandanEnglishman,youwillbecomeawareofthemostsignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwovarietiesoftheEnglishlanguage.例1)開頭說明了水的重要性，然后用對比的方法，指出并不是所有的人都意識到淡水有用盡的時候，為后文駁斥淡水是取之不盡的觀點，做好了鋪墊。例2)用對比的方法開頭，通過兩種不同的師生關(guān)系對教與學產(chǎn)生的截然相反的影響，說明建立良好的師生關(guān)系的重要性。例3)是比較林肯和肯尼迪這兩個人物的相同或相似點。例4)是比較英國英語與美國英語的差異。7.進行定義法

就是對文章要闡述的主題先下個定義，或者對文章題目中所用詞匯、所持觀點或所提事物進行定義，然后通過舉例、邏輯推理等方法加以詳細說明或論述。這種方法的作用就是解釋概念，限定范圍，然后引入正文。應該說明的是，文章所下的定義總的來說應該簡練，而且也有別于哲學意義上的定義。此法常用于說明文和議論文。

1)Psychologyisthestudyofthemindandmentalactivities.Forexample,psychologistsareinterestedinwhysomethingsmakeyousad,butothersmakeyouhappy.Theywanttoknowwhysomepeopleareshy,butothersarequitetalkative.

2)Self-confidencemeanstrustinone'sownability.Asaveryimportantpsychologicalquality,itbringsyourcreativepower,arousesyourenthusiasmandhelpsyouovercomedifficulties.

3)Democracyisaformofgovernmentinwhichtheultimateauthorityisvestedinandexercisedbythepeople.

4)Patriotismmeanstheloveofone'scountry.Itmakesonereadytosacrificeone'slifeforhiscountryandtodomanyotherthings.例1)文章開頭先給心理學下定義。接著通過舉例的方法進一步解釋這一定義，讓讀者對心理學的含義有了準確的理解。其他三例是分別對自信、民主和愛國主義進行簡單的定義，然后再展開說明或論述。中段

寫作模式：觀點-范例-個例-結(jié)論五分鐘中文思想，關(guān)鍵詞如大學生如何度假Comparedwithotherrecreations,Ipreferreadingsuchas/including/likeA,B,CandD(個例).Iamcrazyabout…simplybecause…自測：Howtospendtwo-dayweekend?作為一名大學生，我特別喜歡各種各樣的運動。比如說游泳，慢跑，蹦極等。我對慢跑尤其喜歡，因為我每天都要面對繁重的學習任務，這些事情令我tired（itmakesmefeelnothingbutsickandtired---only）。然而，每當我慢跑時，我感覺好多了，它強健了……，令我克服困難……一段論：我最喜歡的禮物Duringmylife,IhavereceivedsomanypresentsthatIcouldhardlyremember.ButtheoneIcouldeasilyrecallisthegiftthatIreceived(onmy18thbirthday).個例:從我擁有手機（cellphone）的那刻起(fromthatday)，我可以用它和許多人聯(lián)系，如家人……，尤其是我遇到困難的時候，打開(unfold)手機，dail……此外，還可以用手機上網(wǎng)，下載音樂cheermeup，查詢(inquireaboutsth)…..,發(fā)短信給我朋友也是我的最愛(preference)。結(jié)論：總而言之，手機讓我的生活更方便更有樂趣。（Cellphonemakesmylifemoreconvenientandbringsenoughfun.Evenwordsfailtotellhowmuchitmeanstome.）論證方式：1、歷史典故法(過去時)ItpaystobehonestOnceuponatime,emperor,befondofflute-playing,chorusKnownothingabout,pretendtopalyGetahighsalary,liveacomfortablelifeintheaPalaceSeveralyearslater,passawayEnjoysolo,askeveryplayertoperformonebyoneHavenothingtodo