選修八第二單元XinhuanewsagencyChinabecamethefirstcountrytocloneamonkey

usingnon-reproductivecells,reducingtheneedtobreedlabmonkeysandpavingthewayformoreaccurate,effective,andaffordableanimaltestsfornewdrugs,scientistssaidonThursday.What?How?Why?Cloning……brainstorming

ReadingforstructureActivity1:individualreading(3mins)Eachofyouchooseapartofthepassage.Readyourparagraphandwritethekeywordsonthecards.A:Cloninghastwomajoruses.Firstly,gardnersuseitallthetimetoproducecommercialquantitiesofplants.Secondly,itisvaluableforresearchonanimals.Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.Manyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed.Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaidoffin1996withabreakthrough–thecloningofDollythesheep.Theprocedureworkslikethis:B:Ontheotherhand,Dolly’sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.Itbecamecontroversial.Itsuddenlyopenedeverybody’seyestothepossibilityofusingcloningtocureseriousillnessesandeventoproducehumanbeings.C:Cloninghasbeenwithusandisheretostay.It’sawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.Italsohappensinanimalswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceareproducedfromthesameoriginalegg.Thefactisthatthesearebothexamplesofnaturalclones.D:Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearcharedifficulttoobtain,newspaperswroteofevilleadershopingtoclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions.Religiousleadersalsoraisedmoralquestions.Governmentsbecamenervousandmoreconservative.Somebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloning,butothercountrieslikeChinaandtheUK,continuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.However,scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus.E:Ontheonehand,thewholescientificworldfollowedtheprogressofthefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly’sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.AltogetherDollylivedsixandahalfyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Sadlythesamearbitraryfateaffectedotherspecies,suchasclonedmice.Thequestionsthatconcernedallscientists:wouldthisbeamajordifficultyforallclonedanimals?Wouldithappenforever?Coulditbesolvedifcorrectionsweremadeintheirresearchprocedure?”F:theprocedurechartC:Cloninghasbeenwithusandisheretostay.It’sawayofcopy...Ithappensinplants...Italsohappensinanimals...Thefactisthatthesearebothexamplesofnaturalclones.A:Cloninghastwomajoruses.Firstly,...Secondly,...Cloningplantsis…whilecloninganimalsis...Manyattempts..failed.Butatlastthedeterminationandpatience…paidoffin1996withabreakthrough–thecloningofDollythesheep.Theprocedureworkslikethis:F:TheprocedurechartE:Ontheonehand,thewholescientificworldfollowedtheprogressofthefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep.Thefactthat...Thencamethedisturbingnewsthat...Cloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthat...AltogetherDollylived…h(huán)alfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Sadlythesamearbitraryfate...Thequestionsthatconcernedallscientists:wouldthisbeamajordifficultyforallclonedanimals?B:Ontheotherhand,appearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.Itbecamecontroversial.Itsuddenlyopenedeverybody’seyestothepossibilityofusingcloningtocureseriousillnessesandeventoproducehumanbeings.D:Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearcharedifficulttoobtain,newspapers…Religiousleaders…

ReadingforstructureActivity2:groupwork:jigsaw(2mins)Jointhe6parts(5paragraphsand1picture)intoacompletepassageandexplainthereason.

Readingfordetailspara1:introductionofcloningWhatiscloning?(definition)It’sawayofmakinganexactcopyof…

Readingfordetailspara2:introductionofcloningWhatarethetwomajorusesofcloning?Firstly,gardeners…toproducecommercial…Secondly,itisvaluableforresearchon…andformedicalresearchon…

Readingfordetails

Para3

TheproblemsofDolly

First,thefact

thatDollydevelopednormally

wasThen,thenews

thatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill

wasSadly,thesameaffectedotherspecies.encouragingdisturbingarbitrary

fatePara3TheproblemsofDollyWhatare“thesame

arbitraryfate”ofmanyclonedanimals？

A.Theymaydeveloptheillnessesofolderanimals.B.Theymaydieyoungerthantheprovider.C.Theydevelopnormally.ReadingfordetailsPara4TheimpactofDolly

WhataretheinfluencesofDolly’sappearance?

A.Alargenumberofpeopledisagreeoncloninganimals.B.Themedia

rushedtoreportthedevelopmentofcloning.

C.Peoplebegantoimagineusingcloningtocure

seriousillnessesandtoproducehumanbeings.raisedastormofobjectionsonCloninghadagreatimpactonthemediaand...Itopenedeverybody’seyestothepossibilityofusingcloningtocureseriousillnessesandeventoproducehumanbeings.Readingfordetails

Evilleaders____________________Religiousleaders___________________Governments____________________Somecountries___________________China

_____________________________________________________ambitiouspositivenervousandconservativemoralnegativePara5People’sreactionstocloningActivity1:DiscussionWhatisyourattitudetowardscloning?Why?IthinkIamfor/againstcloningbecause________________________