年同等學力英語保過班專項課程講義——閱讀2017-2-本次課內(nèi)容：PassageAccordingtotheUnitedStatesernment，peopleareclassifiedashomelessiftheyhavenoplacetostayandnoexpectationoffindingaplaceforthenextthirtydays.Althoughtechnicallyaccurate，thatisanimalassessmentofanenormousandveryhumanproblem.ThehomelesspopulationrepresentsallofusAmericans.Itincludesmenandwomen，theelderly，children，andinfants.Itsmembersarefromallethnicgroups.Whattheyhaveincommonispoverty.CurrentlyintheU.S.，thirty-ninemillionpeopleliveinpoverty.Whenmoneyisreallytight，payingtherentorbuyingfoodoften esachoice.ernmentassistanceintheformoffoodstampsdoeshelpbut，asonehomelessmanexplains，youcan’tpaytherentwithfoodstamps.Withnomoneyforrent，thestreetsandhomeless etheAlthoughmenconstitutethelargestgroupwithinthehomelesspopulation，homelesswomenwithchildrenarerapidlyjoiningthem.Infact，onequarterofthehomelesspeopleintheU.S.areteenagersandyoungchildren.Peoplemay ehomelessfornumerousreasons.However，therearecertainfactorsthatmanyoftheseindividualshaveincommon.Theyincludealackofadequateeducationandjobskills.Amajorityoftheteenagersandadultshavenotcompletedhighschool.Theabuseofalcoholanddrugsisalsoacommonfactor.Onethirdoftheadulthomelesspopulationabusesalcohol，whileonequarterofthesamegroupusesdrugs.Somemembersofthispopulationsuffermentalhealthproblems.Withinthepastseveralyearsinstitutionsforthementallyillhavebeenclosedandtheirpatientssent“home”.Unfortunay，anumberofthosepeoplehavenohometogotoandtheyareunabletoadequaylookafterthemselves.Joblossintoday’seconomyhasalso earealfactorinthelossofpeople’shomes.Thebreakupoffamiliesthroughabandonmentanddivorcearealsocontributingfactors，particularlywhentherearechildreninvolved.Theparentwhoislefttocareforthekidswithinadequate emaybeforcedtodependonthehomelessshelterstoputaroofovertheirheads.ThewriterthinksthattheU.S.ernment’sdefinitionofthehomeless aninsincereattitudetowardtheanunbearableattitudetowardtheanuncivilizedattitudetowardtheanunsympatheticattitudetowardtheThe ernmenthelpsthehomeless givingthemhomeless B.givingthemfoodC.findingjobsfor D.findingresidencesforMostofthehomelessintheU.S. A.male B.female C.the D. ehomelessforallthefollowingreasons thelackofadequate B.theabuseofalcoholandC.theclosureofinstitutionsforthementally D.thepoorperformanceofThebreakupoffamiliesislikelytoleadtohomelessnessbecauseaparentwithkids losehisorherjobintoday’s B.beunabletolookaftertheC.nothave D.findresidenceatahomelessPassageInearly2004eighttinysensorsweredroppedfromaplanenearamilitarybaseinCalifornia.Afterhittingtheground，thesensors—alsoknownassmartdustsensors—organizedthemselvesintoanetworkandquicklydetectedafleetofmilitaryvehiclesontheground.Theydeterminedthedirection，speedsizeofaseriesofmilitaryvehiclestravelingalongtheroadandlatertransmittedthedatatoacomputeratanearbybasecamp.Smartdustsensorsare puters—assmallasagrainofriceinsomecases—thatcanmonitorandevaluatetheirphysicalenvironmentandcanrelaytheinformationviawirelesscommunication.Theycanmonitorelementssuchastemperature，moisture，humidity，pressure，energyuse，vibration，light，motion，radiation，gas，andchemicals.Thesedeviceswillsoonhavemanyapplications，suchasuseemergencySoftwarehasbeendevelopedtorunthese puters.Akeyfeatureofthesoftwareistheabilityofthesensorstoautomaticallyorganizethemselvesintoacommunicationsnetworkandtalktoeachotherviawirelessradiosignals.Ifanyoneconnectionisinterrupted，thesensorswillself-correctandpasstheinformationontothenextavailableEachsensorhasachipthatdoesthecomputingwork—recordingthingsliketemperatureandmotionatitslocation.Eachsensoralsohasatinyradiotransmitterthatallowsittotalktoothersensorswithin100feetorso.Withasinglenetworkof10，000sensors—thoughttobethebiggestarray（陣列）ofsensorscurrentlypossible—youcouldcover9 andgetinformationabouteachpointalongtheway.Thescientistswhoareworkingwiththistechnologysaysmartdustsensorscanbeusedtodetectthelocationormovementofenemytroopsinareastoodangerousorremoteforsoldierstooperate.Scatteringhundredsofself-networkingsensorsfromamannedorunmannedplaneontothebattlefield，intheory，couldproducecriticalinformationandleadtostrategicadvantage.Sensorscouldalsobeusedtodetectthepresenceofchemicalweaponsandcouldgivetroopsthetimeneededtoputonprotectivegear.Smartdustsensorscandoallthefollowing givingtroopstheirprotectiveorganizingthemselvesintoacomputerdetectingthemovementofmilitaryvehiclesoperatinginremoteanddangerouswar2， thepositionofmilitary B.thepresence C.thestrengthofradio D.theamountofwatervaporintheIfconnectionbetweentwosensorsisblocked，thenetworkwill replacethesensor B.repairthesensorC.ignorethesensor D.destroythesen