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PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION ? ? ?[25MIN]Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.TEXTAThecaseforcollegehasbee(cuò)nacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become"better"people,andlearntobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon'tgo.Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending,thosewhodon'tfitthepatternarebecomingmorenumerous,andmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother'sexperimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool.Otherfindnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout—oftenencouragedbycollegeadministrators.Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves—theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch.Butthat(yī)isacondemnationofthestudentsasawhole,anddoesn'texplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestat(yī)eoftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright.Wehavebee(cuò)ntoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan'tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeightee(cuò)n-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthat(yī)itcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.Someadventuresomeeducatorsandwatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhighschool.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupsidedown,itseems,andthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollegeexperiences.Perhapscollegedoesn'tmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,orquicktolearnthings—mayitisjusttheotherwayaround,andintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,quick-learningpeoplearemerelytheoneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.Andperhapsallthosesuccessfulcollegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeornot.Thisisheresytothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtuptobelievethatifalittleschoolingisgood,morehastobemuchbetter.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningtomountup.Accordingtotheauthor,___.?A.peopleusedtoquestionthevalueofcollegeeducation.?B.peopleusedtohavefullconfidenceinhighereducation.?C.allhighschoolgraduateswenttocollege.?D.veryfewhighschoolgraduateschosetogotocollege.Inthe2ndparagraph,"thosewhodon'tfitthepattern"referto___(dá).
A.highschoolgraduateswhoaren'tsuitableforcollegee(cuò)ducation.?B.collegegraduateswhoaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis.?C.collegestudentswhoaren'tanybetterfortheirhighereducation.
D.highschoolgraduateswhofailedtobeadmittedtocollege.Thedropoutrateofcollegestudentsseemstogoupbecause__(dá)_.
A.youngpeoplearedisappointedwiththeconventionalwayofteachingatcollege.?B.manypeoplearerequiredtojointhearmy.
C.youngpeoplehavelittlemotivationinpursuingahighereducation.
D.youngpeopledon'tliketheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduat(yī)eschool.Accordingtothepassage,theproblemsofcollegeeducationpartlyoriginat(yī)einthefactthat___.?A.societycannotprovideenoughjobsforproperlytrainedgraduates.?B.Highschoolgraduatesdonotfitthepatternofcollegeeducation.?C.Toomanystudentshavetoearntheirownliving.?D.Collegeadministratorsencouragestudentstodropout.Inthispassagetheauthorarguesthat___.?A.moreandmoreevidenceshowscollegee(cuò)ducationmaynotbethebestthingforhighschoolgraduates.
B.Collegeeducationisnotenoughifonewantstobesuccessful.?C.Collegeeducationbenefitsonlytheintelligent,ambitious,andquick-learningpeople.
D.Intelligentpeoplemaylearnquickeriftheydon'tgotocollege.TEXTBWhatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamothertomoldthecharacterofherunbornchildbystudyingpoetry,art,ormat(yī)hematicsduringpregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.Howcouldsuchextremelycomplexinfluencespassfromthemothertothechild?Thereisnoconnectionbetweentheirnervoussystems.Eventhebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.Anemotionalshocktothemotherwillaffectherchild,becauseitchangestheactivityofherglandsandsothechemistryherblood.Anychemicalchangeinthemother'sbloodwillaffectthechildforbetterorworse.Butwecannotseehowalookingformat(yī)hematicsorpoeticgeniuscanbedissolvedinbloodandproduceasimilarlikingorgeniusinthechild.Inourdiscussionofinstinctswesawthattherewasreasontobelievethatwhateverweinheritmustbeofsomeverysimplesortrat(yī)herthananycomplicatedorverydefinitekindofbehavior.Itiscertainthatnooneinheritsaknowledgeofmathemat(yī)ics.Itmaybe,however,thatchildreninheritmoreorlessofarat(yī)hergeneralabilitythatwemaycallintelligence.Ifveryintelligentchildrenbecomedeeplyinterestedinmathematics,theywillprobablymakeasuccessofthatstudy.Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatisinheritedisanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorthevocalorgansconnectionsbetweennervesandmusclesthatmakeitcomparat(yī)ivelyeasytolearnthemovementsamusicianmustexecute,andparticularlyvigorousemotions.Ifthesefactorsareallorganizedaroundmusic,thechildmaybecomeamusician.Thesamefactors,inothercircumstancemightbeorganizedaboutsomeothercenterofinterest.Therichemotionalequipmentmightfindexpressioninpoetry.Thecapablefingersmightdevelopskillinsurgery.Itisnottheknowledgeofmusicthatisinherited,thennoreventheloveofit,butacertainbodilystructurethatmakesitcomparativelyeasytoacquiremusicalknowledgeandskill.Whetherthatabilityshallbedirectedtowardmusicorsomeotherundertakingmaybedecidedentirelybyforcesinthee(cuò)nvironmentinwhichachildgrowsup.Whichofthefollowingstat(yī)ementsisnottrue??A.Somemotherstrytoinfluencetheirunbornchildrenbystudyingartandothersubjectsduringtheirpregnancy.?B.Itisutterlyimpossibleforustolearnanythingaboutprenataldevelopment.?C.Thebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.
D.Therearenoconnectionbetweenmother'snervoussystemsandherunbornchild's.Amotherwillaffectherunbornbabyontheconditionthat(yī)____.
A.sheisemotionallyshocked?B.shehasagoodknowledgeofinheritance?C.shetakespartinallkindofactivities
D.shestickstostudyingAccordingtothepassage,achildmayinherit____.?A.everythingfromhismother
B.aknowledgeofmathemat(yī)ics
C.arathergeneralabilitythatwecallintelligence
D.hermother'smusicalabilityIfachildinheritssomethingfromhismother,suchasanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorofthevocalorgans,hewill____.
A.surelybecomemusician
B.mostlybecomeapoet?C.possiblybecomeateacher?D.becomeamusicianontheconditionthatallthesefactorsareorganizedaroundmusicWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.RoleofInheritance.?B.AnUnbornChild.
C.Functionofinstincts.?D.InheritedTalentsTEXTCWhichissafer-stayingathome,travelingtoworkonpublictransport,orworkingintheoffice?Surprisingly,eachofthesecarriesthesamerisk,whichisverylow.However,whataboutflyingcomparedtoworkinginthechemicalindustry?Unfortunately,theformeris65timesriskierthanthelatter!Infact,theaccidentrateofworkersinthechemicalindustryislessthanthatofalmostanyofhumanactivity,andalmostassafeasstayingat(yī)home.Thetroublewiththechemicalindustryisthatwhenthingsgowrongtheyoftencausedeathtothoselivingnearby.Itisthiswhichmakeschemicalaccidentssonewsworthy.Fortunately,theyareextremelyrare.ThemostfamousoneshappenedatTexasCity(1947),Flixborough(1974),Seveso(1976),Pemex(1984)andBhopal(1984).Someofthesearealwaysinthemindsofthepeopleeventhoughthelossoflifewassmall.NoonediedatSeveso,andonly28workersatFlixborough.TheworstaccidentofallwasBhopal,whereupto3,000werekilled.TheTexasCityexplosionoffertilizerkilled552.ThePemexfireatastorageplantfornat(yī)uralgasinthesuburbsofMexicoCitytook542lives,justamonthbeforetheunfortunateeventatBhopal.Somee(cuò)xpertshavediscussedtheseaccidentsandusedeachaccidenttoillustrateaparticulardanger.ThustheTexasCityexplosionwascausedbytonsofammoniumnitrate(硝酸銨),whichissafeunlessstoredingreatquantity.TheFlixboroughfireballwasthefaultofmanagement,whichtookriskstokeepproductiongoingduringessentialrepairs.TheSevesoaccidentshowswhathappensifthelocalauthoritieslackknowledgeofthedangerontheirdoorstep.Whenthepoisonousgasdriftedoverthetown,localleaderswereincapableoftakingeffectiveaction.ThePemexfirewasmadeworsebyanoverloadedsiteinanovercrowdedsuburb.Thefiresetoffachainreactionosexplodingstoragetanks.Yet,byamiracle,thetwolargesttanksdidnotexplode.Hadthesecaughtfire,then3,000strongrescueteamandfirefighterswouldallhavedied.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Wo(hù)rkingattheofficeissaferthanstayingathome.?B.Traverllingtoworkonpublictransportissaferthanworkingattheoffice.?C.Stayingat(yī)homeissaferthanworkinginthechemicalindustry.?D.Workinginthechemicalindustryissaferthantravelingbyair..Chemicalaccidentsareusuallyimportantenoughtobereportedasnewsbecause___(dá)_.
A.theyareveryrare?B.theyoftencauselossoflife
C.theyalwaysoccurinbigcities
D.theyarousetheinterestofallthereadersAccordingtopassage,thechemicalaccidentthatcausedbythefaultofmanagementhappenedat(yī)__(dá)__.?A.Texascity
B.FlixboroughFromthepassageweknowthatammoniumnitrateisakindof__(dá)__.?A.naturalgas,whichcaneasilycatchfire
B.fertilizer,whichcan'tbestoredinagreatquantity
C.poisonoussubstance,whichcan'tbeusedinovercrowdedareas
D.fuel,whichisstoredinlargetanksFromthediscussionamongsomeexpertswemaycocludethat____.
A.toavoidanyaccidentsweshouldnotrepairthefacilitiesinchemicalindustry?B.thelocalauthoritiesshouldnotbeconcernedwiththeproductionofthechemicalindustry?C.alltheseaccidentscouldhavebee(cuò)navoidedorcontrolledifeffectivemeasurehadbeentaken?D.nat(yī)uralgasstoredinverylargetanksisalwayssafeTEXTDWhatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamothertomoldthecharacterofherunbornchildbystudyingpoetry,art,ormathemat(yī)icsduringpregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.Howcouldsuchextremelycomplexinfluencespassfromthemothertothechild?Thereisnoconnectionbetwee(cuò)ntheirnervoussystems.Eventhebloodvesselsofmotherandchilddonotjoindirectly.Anemotionalshocktothemotherwillaffectherchild,becauseitchangestheactivityofherglandsandsothechemistryherblood.Anychemicalchangeinthemother'sbloodwillaffectthechildforbetterorworse.Butwecannotseehowalookingformathemat(yī)icsorpoeticgeniuscanbedissolvedinbloodandproduceasimilarlikingorgeniusinthechild.Inourdiscussionofinstinctswesawthattherewasreasontobelievethat(yī)whateverweinheritmustbeofsomeverysimplesortrat(yī)herthananycomplicatedorverydefinitekindofbehavior.Itiscertainthatnooneinheritsaknowledgeofmathematics.Itmaybe,however,thatchildreninheritmoreorlessofarathergeneralabilitythatwemaycallintelligence.Ifveryintelligentchildrenbecomedeeplyinterestedinmathematics,theywillprobablymakeasuccessofthatstudy.Asformusicalability,itmaybethatwhatisinheritedisanespeciallysensitiveear,apeculiarstructureofthehandsorthevocalorgansconnectionsbetweennervesandmusclesthatmakeitcomparativelyeasytolearnthemovementsamusicianmustexecute,andparticularlyvigorousemotions.Ifthesefactorsareallorganizedaroundmusic,thechildmaybecomeamusician.Thesamefactors,inothercircumstancemightbeorganizedaboutsomeothercenterofinterest.Therichemotionalequipmentmightfindexpressioninpoetry.Thecapablefingersmightdevelopskillinsurgery.Itisnottheknowledgeofmusicthatisinherited,thennoreventheloveofit,butacertainbodilystructurethatmakesitcomparativelyeasytoacquiremusicalknowledgeandskill.Whetherthatabilityshallbe
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