202３年1２月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題(第2套)PartIＷriting（30minutes)Ｄｉrectｉoｎs:Fｏｒthispａrt,youaｒeaｌlowed３0ｍｉnuteｓtowｒiｔｅａneｓsayabouttｈeｉmpactｏfｔheinｆｏrmatiｏnexplosioｎｂyrefｅrringtoｔhesａyiｎg＂Ａweａlthofiｎformationcreatｅsapovertｙｏfatｔｅntiｏｎ．＂Yｏｕcａngｉveｅxamplestｏilluｓtratｅｙｏurpointandthｅnｅｘｐlaiｎwhatyoｕｃandotｏavoiｄｂｅingdiｓtractedbyirrｅlevantinformatiｏｎ.Yoｕshｏuldwriteaｔleast15０ｗｏｒdｓbutnomoretｈan2０0words.＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)_________＿_(dá)_______＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_______＿＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_______＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿＿＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_________＿＿＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)______＿_(dá)______PaｒtIIＬｉsteniｎgＣomprｅhensioｎ(30ｍinutes)SectionADirectｉonｓ:Inｔｈiｓｓｅction,yｏuwillheａｒ8sｈortconversatioｎsａｎd２longcoｎversatｉｏns.Ａttｈeenｄofeａｃhconｖersation,ｏnｅorｍorｅqueｓｔioｎsｗilｌbeaｓkedaｂoutwｈatｗaｓsaid.Bｏtｈtｈeｃoｎｖeｒsａｔioｎaｎdthｅqｕesｔioｎsｗillｂespｏkｅnonlyonce．Aｆtereａcｈqｕeｓtｉｏnthｅreｗilｌbeａpａusｅ.Duｒingtｈepausｅ,youmuｓtreadｔhefourｃhoicｅsｍａrkedA.,B.,C.andD),anddecidewhichiｓｔｈebｅstansｗer．ThenmaｒkｔheｃｏrｒespｏnｄingletｔeronAnswerＳｈeｅt1wｉthａsinglelinethｒｏughｔｈecentrｅ.A．Laｂｏrprobleｍｓ.B.Wｅatherconditions．C.Anerroｒintheoｒder.D．Ｍｉsｐｌａciｎｇ'ofgｏods.2.A．Ｗhatthewomaｎｓａysmａｋesalｏtoｆsｅnse.B．Ｔhｅｒｉcｈａrｅoppｏsｅdｔosocｉaｌwelfａre.C.Ｈeissymｐathetｉｃｗiｔhpoorｐeople.D．HeagreeｓwitｈＭｒ.Johnsoｎ'sviews.３.Ａ．Heｗilｌbeprａｃticiｎｇｓoccer.B.Heｈａｓｗｏｒkｔｏｆｉｎisｈintｉme.C．Ｈewillbeaｔtｅｎdiｎgamｅe(cuò)ting.D．Hｅhａsａｔoｕｇhｐroblemtosｏｌｖe.4.A.Marｙshoｕｌdｇeｔridｏfherpetａssoonａspｏssibｌe．Ｂ.Ｍarｙｗiｌｌnotbeａbｌetｏｋeｅpadogｉｎｔheｂuｉldｉng.Ｃ．Marｙｉsnotｈapｐyｗitｈthｅbaｎoｎｐｅtanｉｍals.D.Ｍａrymｉgｈtasｗellｓｅnｄhｅｒｄogｔoｈerｒelative.5.A.Tｈeｔwｉｎs＇ｖoicesaｒequitｅdiffｅrｅnt.Ｂ.LisaａndＧａｌearｅnotverymｕｃｈalike．C.Heｄoeｓnｏｔbｅｌｉevetｈeyaretwinｓiｓtｅrs.Ｄ.Ｔhewoｍansｅe(cuò)msａbithａrｄofhearing．6．A.TｈｅseriｏuseｃoｎomiccrｉｓisinＢritain．、Ｂ.AｐaｃkaｇedealtobeｓigｎｅdinNｏveｍｂer.Ｃ.Ａｍｅｓsagｅｆromtｈeiｒbuｓｉnｅｓsasｓｏｃiates.Ｄ．Thｅｉrabｉｌｉｔyｔoｄealwｉthfinanｃiａlpｒoblems.７.Ａ.Iｔisimpossｉbletoremovｅｔhｅstaiｎcompｌetｅｌy．B.Themanwiｌlｂechａrgedｅxtｒafortheseｒｖice.C．Themaｎhasｔｏgoｔｏthemａｉｎcｌeaｎingfacilitｙ.D.Ｃｌｅaningthｅｐantsｗilltａkｅlongerthaｎuｓuａl.8.Ａ.Europeanmarkｅtｓ．Ｂ.Aprotestrally.C.Luxuryｇoｏds.D．Iｍpoｒｔｅdpｒoducts．Ｃonｖｅrｓａt(yī)ionOneＱuｅsｔiｏｎs９to12areｂasedｏntheconｖersationyouｈavejusｔheａｒd.９.A．Hemadeabusｉnessｔrip.B．HehaｄaquａrrelｗithMaｒsha.C．Hetalｋedtoｈeｒonｔｈepｈone.D.Hereｓｏlｖeｄaｂudgｅtprｏblem.10.A.Sheｍayhaｖeｔobeｆirｅｄfoｒpoorpｅrformａnｃe.Ｂ．Shｅhａｓdeveｌopedsomeseｒioｕsmentalｐroｂｌem.C.Shｅiｓinchａrgeofthefｉrm'sｂudgetpｌannｉｎg.D.Sｈesupervisesａnuｍberｏfｉｍportaｎtpｒojects.11．A.Sheｆaｉｌｅｄｔoａｒrivｅattheａirportontiｍｅ.B．Davidproｍisedtｏｇｏontheｔripｉnｈeｒpｌａｃe，C．Soｍeｔｈiｎgunexpｅctedhappｅnｅdatherhome．D．Ｓhｅwasｎｏtfeelingｈerseｌfoｎthａt(yī)day.12.A.Hefrequenｔlｙｇeｔsｔhinｇsｍｉxeｄup.B.ＨeｉsalwaysｆindｉｎgfaultwiｔhＭａrshａ.C.HeＩresbｅe(cuò)ntryiｎgｈarｄtocｏｖerfｏrMaｒsha.D．Heｏfteｎfailｓtofollｏwthｒoughｏnｈisｐrojeｃts.ConveｒｓatｉonTwoQuestiｏｎs1３tｏ1５arebaseｄonthecoｎversaｔionyouhaｖejustheａrd.13.Ａ.Ｔｈeｙａｒebeｔtershｅlｔeｒedfroｍａlltheｏuｔsiｄetemptatｉons.B．Theyarｅusuａllｙmoremｏtｉvateｄtocompetewiｔｈtheiｒpｅe(cuò)rs.C．Theyhavemoreopｐｏrtuｎｉｔieｓtodｅveloｐtｈｅｉrlｅadershｉpskｉｌlｓ.D．Theytakeaｎactｉｖｅpａrtｉnmｏreｅxtracurricuｌaraｃtｉｖiｔieｓ.１4.Ａ.Itｓchｉefposｉtioｎsａrｅｈeldbｙｗｏmeｎ.Ｂ.Itsteachingstaffcｏnsistsｏfwoｍeｎonly.Ｃ.Ｉtsｓｔｕdｅntsaｉｍatmanagｅrｉaｌposｔs.D．Iｔsstudｅntsａrｅrｏlｅmｏdｅlｓofwomen.1５.A.Itiｓunderaｄeqｕateｃontrｏl.B．Itistradｉtioｎａlbutcoloｕｆｆul.C．Theyａreｍoreｏrleｓsiｓolaｔｅdfromtheoutｓideworld．D．Theyhaveaｍpｌeoｐｐｏrｔunitieｓｔomeｅttheoｐposiｔeｓex.SｅcｔioｎＢDｉｒｅｃｔions:Iｎtｈｉｓsecｔioｎ,ｙｏuwillhear３shortｐaｓsagｅｓ．Atｔheeｎdofeaｃhpaｓsage，youwiｌlhｅarsomequestions.Ｂoｔhthｅpasｓａgeａnｄｔhｅquｅsｔｉonsｗillbespokｅnonlｙonce．Aｆteｒyouheaｒaqueｓtion，youmustchｏosethｅbestansweｒｆｒomｔｈｅfourchｏicesmarkedＡ．,B．,C.andD）．ThｅｎmaｒkthecorrespoｎdｉngｌetｔerｏnＡnｓwerＳheetIwitｈａｓingｌeｌineｔhroughｔｈeceｎｔre.PasｓageOｎeQuesｔｉons16to１9arebasedonthｅpassaｇeyoｕhavｅｊusthｅard.16.Ａ.Byinｖadinｇｔhｅpersｏnalsｐaｃeoflisｔｅneｒs.B．Ｂyｍａｋinggestｕｒesatｓtrａt(yī)egiｃpoｉｎｔs．C.Byspeakiｎｇｉnaｄｅe(cuò)p,lｏudvoiｃｅ.D.Ｂyspeａkingwiｔhtｈｅlocalａｃcent.17.Ａ.Topromotesportsｍanshipamonｇbuｓinesｓowneｒs．B．Toeｎcouragｅpｅopｌetoｓuｐｐｏrｔlocalspｏrtｓｇroups.C．Ｔorａiｓemonｅｙforafｏrｔhcoｍiｎｇlocalｓpｏrtseｖｅnt.Ｄ.Ｔｏshowhisfamily＇scontriｂｕtiontothecｏｍmuｎｉty.1８.Ａ.Theyaｒｅkｎowntobethｅｓtｙｌeｏｆthｅsｐortswoｒld.B．Ｔheyｗｏuldcertainｌｙａppealtohisaｕdiencｅ.C.Theyrepresenｔtｈｅlaｔestfaｓhioｎinthｅｂusiｎｅsｓcｉｒcles．Ｄ．Theｙaｒebelieｖeｄtocoｍmuｎｉcatepoｗerandinｆｌueｎce.19.A．Tocｏveｒｕｐｈｉｓowｎnervoｕsｎｅｓs．B.Tocreａt(yī)eaｗａrｍpeｒｓonalａt(yī)mospherｅ.C．Toenhancetheeffecｔofbackgrｏｕｎdmusic.D.Toallowｔheａｕdｉeｎｃetobetteｒｅnjoｙｈissｌｉdes.PａsｓageTwoQuestｉons2０to2２arｅbaseｄoｎtheｐasｓａgｅyouhaｖｅjustｈeard.２0.A.ShewaｓthefｉｒｓｔｅduｃateｄslａvｅｏfJoｈnWheatleｙ's．B．ShｅwasthegreatestｆemalepoetinCｏlonｉalAmerica.C．ＳhｅwaｓｂｏrnａbouｔthｅtimeofｔheWaｒofIndepenｄｅｎce.D．ＳhewasthｅfirstAfrican-Ameｒiｃaｎslａvｅtopuｂｌｉshaｂooｋ.21.A．Ｒｅｖiseｉｔanuｍberｏftimes.Ｂ．Oｂtaｉｎconｓeｎtfｒomherｏwner.C.Ｇotｈrｏughaschｏlａｒlyexaｍｉnaｔｉｏn．Ｄ.Tｕrｎtｏtｈecoloｎｉalgovernorforhelp.２２．A.Liteｒaryworkscａｌｌingfｏrtheabolitionｏfslａverｙ.Ｂ.ＲｅｌｉｇｉoｕssｃriｐｔｓpｏpularａmongｓlavesinAmerica.C．Arichstoｃｋｏfmanuｓｃriptｓleftbyｈｉｓtoricalfigｕrｅs.D.ＬoｔsoｆlｏsｔwoｒksｗrｉtteｎbｙAfrican－Ameｒicanwｏmen．PassaｇｅＴｈrｅe(cuò)Questｉons２3ｔo25ａｒeｂaseｄoｎthepａssaｇeｙouhａvejusｔheaｒd.2３．Ａ．ItisaｔｒaｉtofgｅnerouscharactｅrＢ．Itｉｓａｒeflectionofｓeｌｆ－esteem．．Ｃ．Ｉtisaｎindiｃatorofhiｇhiｎtelligence.D．Ｉｔiｓａsｉgnofhapｐineｓsaｎdｃoｎfidｅnce．24.A.Itwasself-ｄefeatｉｎｇ.B．Itwasaggrｅsｓivｅ．C.Itwａsｔheessenｃeofcoｍｅdy.D．Ｉｔwassomｅthｉngadmirabｌe.25.Ａ.Itｉsaｄoublｅ－ｅdgedsｗoｒｄ.B．Itisafeaturｅofagｉvｅncultｕre.C．Itisauniqｕｅｇiftｏｆhumanbeiｎgs.D．Iｔiｓareｓuｌｔｏfbotｈｎａt(yī)uｒeandｎurｔｕｒe．SeｃtioｎＣDｉｒectiｏｎs：Inthiｓsectｉｏn,yoｕｗｉlｌｈearapaｓsagｅthrｅe(cuò)tｉmes．Ｗｈenｔｈｅpassaｇeisreadfｏrｔｈefirsttime,yｏushoulｄｌｉstencarefuｌlyｆoritｓgenerａlｉdｅａ.Whｅｎtheｐassａgeｉsｒｅadforthesｅcｏnｄｔiｍe，youarereqｕirｅdtofｉllinthｅｂｌankｓwｉtｈtheexaｃtwordsyouｈａｖejuｓtheard.Fｉnａlly，wheｎthepａsｓageisreadｆorthｅthirｄtiｍｅ,youshouldchｅckwhaｔｙouhavｅwriｔｔen.Itｉsｉmportanttｈatwebeｍｉndfｕloftheeａrtｈ,theplanetoｕtofwｈichweaｒeｂornaｎｄbywhiｃｈwｅaｒenｏｕｒishｅd,guiｄeｄ,heaｌed—thｅplaｎet,ｈowevｅr，whｉchwehaｖe26＿_(dá)_____＿toacｏnｓｉｄeｒablｅdegreｅintheｓepasttｗｏｃenturiesｏｆ27＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿＿ｅxploｉtaｔｉｏn.Thiｓeｘploitaｔionhasrｅachedsuch28________tｈａt(yī)ｐrｅsenｔlyｉtappｅaｒsthatsomehundredsｏｆthousandsofspｅcieswiｌｌｂe２9_＿_(dá)＿＿＿＿_(dá)beｆｏｒetheｅndofｔheceｎｔury.Inoｕrtiｍes,humanshｒewdnｅsshasｍasｔerｅdｔhｅdｅe(cuò)p3０_＿_(dá)_____oftｈeｅaｒthatalevelfarbeyondｔhｅcａｐaciｔieｓoｆeａrｌiｅｒpeoｐｌｅｓ．Wecaｎbｒeakｔhｅmoｕntaｉnｓａpaｒt;ｗecandraintheｒivｅrsａｎdflｏodthｅvａlｌeys.Wecａｎturｎthemostluｘuriantforestｓintoｔhrowaｗａyｐapeｒｐroｄｕcts.Weｃａn３1___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)ｔｈegｒｅａt(yī)ｇｒaｓｓcoverofthewesteｒnplaiｎsandｐour3２______＿_(dá)ｃheｍｉcalｓｉｎtoｔhesｏilunｔilthｅsoｆｔiｓdeａdanｄbｌoｗｓａwaｙinthｅwiｎd.Wecaｎpolluｔeｔheairwiｔhａｃｉdｓ,thｅriveｒswithsewａｇe（污水）,thesｅａswｉthoｉl.Ｗｅｃaninvｅntcoｍputｅrs33＿_(dá)______pｒocessiｎgｔenmｉllioncａlcuｌatｉonｓperｓeconｄ.Ａｎdwhｙ?Toincｒeａｓetheｖｏlumeａnｄthespeedwitｈwhiｃｈｗｅmoveｎaturaｌresourｃesthroｕghthｅconsumｅreconoｍytｏｔhejuｎｋpileｏｒthewａsteheap．Oｕrmanageriaｌskillsaremeａsuredbythecomｐeｔenｃe34_＿＿_(dá)___＿ｉｎａcceｌeratingthisprocｅss.Iｆｉｎtｈeseacｔivitieｓthepｈysicalｆeaturｅsｏftｈeｐlanetaredamaｇeｄ，ｉfｔheeｎvｉroｎmenｔismａdeｉnhosｐiｔａbｌeｆor３５__＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)ｌivingspｅｃieｓ,tｈｅｎｓobｅit.Ｗeaｒe,ｓuppｏｓｅdｌｙ,ｃreａt(yī)ingａt(yī)ecｈnｏｌogiｃaｌwｏｎdeｒworld.PartIIＩReadinｇＣomprｅhｅnsion（40miｎutes)SｅctionADiｒeｃtiｏn：Inthissecｔioｎ,thereｉsａｐassageｗｉｔhtenbｌanks．Youａrerｅｑuirｅdｔｏselectｏneworｄfｏreachblaｎkfｒomalistofchoｉcｅsｇｉｖenｉnaｗorｄbankfoｌｌowiｎgｔｈepassage.Rｅadｔｈepassａgeｔｈrouｇｈcarefullyｂefoｒemakingyoｕｒchoicｅs.Eachcｈoｉceintｈｅｂankisiｄentｉｆｉedｂｙaleｔtｅr.PleａseｍarkｔｈｅｃｏrreｓpondingletｔeｒｆoｒeaｃhｉtemoｎA(yù)nsｗerSheｅt２withasinｇlelinetｈroughthecentre.Yｏuｍaynotuseanyｏfthewordｓｉｎtｈｅbａnkmoｒethanonce~Questｉｏns36ｔo４５arebaseｄonthefollowiｎｇｐassagｅ.Qｕｉｔeoftｅｎ,ｅｄucatoｒstelｌfaｍｉliesofchildｒｅｎwhｏareleａrnｉngEnｇliｓhasａｓｅcｏndlａngｕaｇetｏｓｐeakｏnlyEnglｉsｈ,andnotthｅｉｒnaｔiｖｅlangｕagｅ,ａt(yī)hｏme.Aｌtｈoughｔhesｅe(cuò)ｄucａt(yī)ｏrsｍaｙhａvｅgoｏd36＿＿_(dá)＿＿＿_(dá)_，thｅiraｄｖicetofaｍilｉesismisguｉｄeｄ,andit３7＿_(dá)_____＿frommiｓunderstandiｎgsａｂouｔtｈｅpｒocesｓoflaｎguａｇeacquisition.Eｄuｃａt(yī)orsmayfearthaｔchildrｅnｈearｉｎgtｗolanguageswillbeｃome38＿＿_(dá)___＿＿conｆuｓedanｄthusｔhｅirlanguagedeveｌopmentwillbe3９＿_(dá)__＿＿＿＿;thiscｏncernisnotdocumｅnｔediｎthｅliｔｅraｔure.Ｃhildrenareｃapableｏfｌｅarｎingmｏrethanonｅlanguage,whｅｔheｒ４0＿＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)_＿oｒsequentially(依次地)．Iｎfact,mostcｈildreｎoｕtｓｉdeofｔhｅUnitedStａt(yī)esａrｅe(cuò)ｘｐeｃtｅdｔobeｃomebilｉngualｏreven，inmａnycasｅs,mulｔｉliｎｇｕal．Gｌobａlｌｙ,kｎowinｇmｏretｈanonｅｌangｕaｇｅiｓviewedａsan4１_＿_(dá)__＿＿_(dá)anｄevenａneｃessｉtyinmanyarｅas.Itiｓａlｓooｆcｏｎcerｎthatthe．misｇuidｅdaｄvicethaｔｓｔudenｔｓshoｕldｓpｅakonlyEnglishｉｓgiveｎｐrimａrｉlytopoorｆａmiｌieｓwithlimｉｔedeｄuｃaｔiｏnalopporｔuniｔieｓ,nottｏｗｅaｌtｈiｅrfamｉlieｓｗｈoｈavemanyｅduｃatｉoｎaｌadｖａnｔages.Sinceｃhｉldｒeｎfroｍｐoorfａmiliｅsoｆｔenare42_＿＿_(dá)____asaｔ-riskforaｃaｄemｉcfailure,teachersbｅlｉeｖｅthaｔａdviｓingfaｍｉｌｉestospeａkEnglishonｌyisapprｏpriaｔe.Teａｃhersconsidｅrlｅarnｉｎgtwolaｎｇuａgｅｓtoｂetｏｏ43_＿＿＿＿_(dá)__foｒｃｈilｄrenfrompoｏrfａmilies,beｌievｉｎgtｈatthechiｌdrenａreaｌreadyburｄenedbytheirｈomesｉtuａｔiｏｎｓ.ＩffamilｉesdonotknｏwEngｌishoｒhaveliｍｉtｅｄEnglｉｓhskillｓtｈemseｌves，howｃａｎtheycoｍmuｎicatｅiｎEngliｓh？Ａdvisingnon-Englｉsh-ｓpeakingfａmiliestosｐeａkonlyＥngliｓhis４4__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__ｔotellｉngtheｍnottｏｃｏmmunicaｔewｉthｏｒinterａcｔwiｔhthｅirchiｌdren.Ｍoreoveｒ,thｅ4５___＿＿_(dá)__meｓsageｉsthattｈｅfａmｉｌy'ｓｎａt(yī)ivelａｎｇｕaｇｅisnotimｐortantoｒｖaluｅd.A.ａｓsetI.permanentlyB.deｌａｙedＪ.prevａｌｅntC．devｉａt(yī)eｓK.simｕlｔａｎeouslyD．ｅｑuiｖaｌeｎｔL．ｓtemsE.idenｔifｉedM.succｅssiｖeｌyF.inｔentiｏｎsN.unｄerlyiｎgG．obｊecｔO．visｕalｉzingH.ｏｖｅｒwhelminｇＳeｃｔionＢDｉｒeｃｔions:Inthiｓsection，ｙouaregoｉngｔoreaｄａpassagewitｈtenstatemｅntｓattａcｈedｔoit.Eacｈsｔatementｃｏntａｉnsiｎformationｇiveninoneoftｈeparａgrapｈs.Ｉdentｉfythｅｐａｒagraｐhｆrｏmｗhicｈｔheiｎfoｒmatｉoniｓderｉｖed.Yoｕｍaychoosｅａpaｒagraphmｏrethanonｃe．Eacｈparaｇrａphismarkｅdｗithａletter.AnｓwertｈequｅｓtiｏnsbｙｍaｒkingtｈeｃorrｅｓpondingleｔtｅronＡｎｓwerSｈeeｔ2．ThｅUｓeｓofDｉｆficuｌtyThebrainlikｅｓachallenge—anｄpuｔtingafｅwｏbsｔaclesiｎitswaymayｗellboosｔitｓｃｒeatiｖitｙ.［A]JaｃkWhite,theｆorｍｅｒfｒontmaｎoｆtheＷｈiｔeＳtｒｉpesandaninfluｅnｔiａlｆigｕｒｅaｍｏｎgfelｌｏwmusｉｃｉanｓ,likesｔomakeｔhingsｄiｆｆiculｔforｈiｍsｅｌｆ.Heusescｈeａpguitａrsthatwoｎ＇ｔstａｙinshapeoｒｉｎｔune．Wｈenperforminｇ,heposｉｔionshiｓinstrumentsｉnawａythatisｄelｉbeｒａｔelyinconveｎｉｅｎｔ，ｓoｔhatsｗitchingfｒomguｉtaｒtoｏｒgaｎmid-sｏｎginvｏlvesamaddaｓｈａcroｓｓtheｓtａge.Why?Becaｕseｈe'ｓontherunfｒomwｈａt(yī)hedesｃribｅsasａdiseaseｔｈaｔprｅysoneveryａrtist:＂eａseｏfuｓe".Whｅnmakiｎgｍuｓｉcｇetｓｔooeasy,saｙｓWｈiｔｅ，iｔbｅcomesｈarｄertomaｋeitsing．[B］It'sanｏddｔhouｇhｔ．Whｙwｏｕldａnｙoｎemaketheirworkmoredifｆicultthanitａlreaｄｙis？Ｙｅtwｅｋnowｔhａt(yī)dｉfficultyｃanpaｙunexpｅcｔedｄivｉdends.In19６6，ｓoonａftertheＢeaｔlｅshadfｉnishedwｏrｋoｎ"ＲｕｂberSｏul＂,PａulMcCartneyloｏkedintothepossiｂilｉtyofgoingtoAｍeriｃaｔoｒeｃｏｒdtheiｒnexｔalｂum.TheeｑuipmentinAmericanｓtudiｏswａｓｍｏrｅadvａｎcｅｄtｈanａnyｔｈｉｎginBrｉtain,ｗhichhadledtheBeatles'greａt(yī)rivals，ｔheRｏllingＳｔｏnes，ｔomaketheirlaｔeｓtａｌbum,"Aftｅrmath＂,inLosAnｇeleｓ．McCartneyｆoｕｎdｔhatEMI's（百代唱片)contractｕalclausesｍadeiｔprohｉbitivelyexｐｅｎｓivｅtofoｌlowsuｉt,aｎdtｈeBｅaｔlesｈadtomａｋedｏwiｔhtｈeprimｉｔiveteｃhnoloｇyｏfAｂbeyＲoad．［C]Ｌuckｙfoｒus.Oveｒｔｈｅnexｔｔwoyeaｒｓthｅymadetheｉｒmoｓｔｇrｏundｂreａkinｇwｏｒk,turnｉnｇtherｅcｏrdingstudiointoａｍagiｃaｌinstrumentofitsｏwｎ.Ｐｒeciｓelyｂecａuseｔheｙwerewｏｒｋingwitholdofasｈioｎedmaｃhiｎeｓ,GeoｒgeMａrｔinandhｉsteamｏfｅｎgineersweｒeｆorｃedtoａｐplyeｖeryounｃeｏftheiｒcreaｔivitytoｓｏlvetｈeprobｌemsposedｔothｅmbyLennoｎandMcCartnｅｙ．Sｏngｓlike＂TｏｍorrowNevｅｒKｎows"，＂StrawbeｒryFielｄsForever＂，aｎd＂ＡDayinthｅLifｅ"featuredrevｏlutionａrｙｓouｎdefｆｅｃｔsｔhaｔｄaｚｚledａndmyｓtifiedＭartｉn'sAｍerｉcancounterpartｓ.［D］Sometimesit'sonlywhｅnadiｆficultyisｒeｍｏvedthatｗerealisewhａt(yī)itwasｄｏｉngｆorus．Foｒmorethａntwｏdecades，staｒtiｎgintｈe1960ｓ,thepoｅtTｅdHughessatonthejｕｄgingpａｎｅｌofaｎａnｎｕalpoetrycｏｍpetitionｆｏrBritiｓｈｓcｈoolｃhilｄren.Durｉngｔhｅ19８0sｈenotiｃedａnincrｅaｓingｎｕmberoflongｐoemsａmonｇｔｈesｕbmｉssiｏｎs,wiｔｈsomerｕnningtｏ7０or８0pagｅs.Tｈesepoemsｗeｒeverbalｌyｉｎventivｅａndfluent,butalsｏ"straｎgelyboring".AfteｒmaｋinginquｉｒiesＨugｈesdｉｓｃoverｅｄtｈaｔthｅｙwｅrｅbｅｉngｃoｍｐoｓedoncomputers，thenjustfｉnｄingtｈeiｒwａyiｎｔｏBriｔｉshhomes.[Ｅ］Yｏumｉghｔhaveｔhｏｕghtａnyｔoolwhichenａbleｓaｗriｔｅrｔｏgetｗoｒdsontotheｐagewoｕlｄｂｅａｎadvanｔａge．Bｕttherｅmaybeａcosttosuchfａcilitｙ．IfianiｎterｖiｅwｗithtｈePariｓReviｅｗHuｇｈessｐecｕｌateｄｔhatwhenapersonputspenｔoｐaper,"ｙｏuｍeetｔheｔerribleresｉsｔanｃeofｗｈａｔhappｅneｄyourfｉrstyeaｒaｔit,wheｎyoucｏｕldｎ'twｒitｅａｔalｌ＂.Ａstheｂraiｎatｔeｍpｔstofoｒｃetｈｅunsteaｄyhaｎdｔｏｄoitsbidding，tｈeｔeｎsionbｅｔweenｔhetworｅsｕltsinaｍｏrecomｐreｓseｄ,pｓｙchｏlogicａllｙdenseｒexｐressiｏｎ.Removetｈatresistanceandｙouarｅmoｒeliｋelｙｔｏproduｃｅa７0raｍble(不找邊際的長(zhǎng)篇大論).[F]Ourbrａinsresｐonｄbｅtterｔodifficulｔythａnwｅiｍagｉne.Inｓcｈoolｓ，teacherｓandpupilsaｌikｅoｆtenaｓｓuｍeｔhatifaconｃepthaｓbeeneasytｏlearｎ,thenthｅlｅｓｓonｈaｓbeｅnｓｕccessfuｌ.Buｔnｕmerｏｕsｓｔuｄiｅsｈavenowfoundｔhaｔwｈeｎcｌaｓsrooｍｍaｔerialｉsｍadｅhardertoabsoｒｂ,puｐilsretaｉｎmoｒｅoｆｉtｏvertｈeｌｏngteｒｍ,andunderstaｎｄiｔｏnadeeperlevel.[Ｇ］Asapoet,ＴｅdＨuｇhｅｓhadanａcuｔesenｓitivitｙｔothｅwayinwhichconstraｉｎtsonseｌf-exprｅssiｏｎ,likethedisｃipｌinｅｓofmetｒeaｎdrhyｍe(韻律),sｐｕrｃreaｔiｖethought.Whatappｌiesｔoｐoeｔｓandmｕsiciansalsｏａｐpliestoourdａｉlyｌｉves.Wｅｔendtoequate（等同)hａｐpinesswithfｒeedｏm,buｔ,aｓtheｐｓychotｈｅrapistanｄwriteｒＡｄamPhillipshasobserｖeｄ，ｗithｏutobｓtａcｌestooｕrdesiｒｅsｉｔ'sｈardeｒtoknowｗhaｔｗewanｔ，oｒwheｒｅｗe'reｈeaｄinｇ.Hetellsｔｈeｓtorｙofapaｔｉeｎt，afｉrst－timeｍｏtｈｅｒwhｏcomｐｌainｅdthatheryoｕｎgsｏnｗaｓａlwａysclｉｎginｇtoheｒ，wrａppｉngｈｉmselfarouｎｄherlegsｗhereveｒｓhewent.Ｓheneveｒhadaｍomeｎｔｔohｅrself,sheｓaiｄ，beｃaｕsｅｈeｒsonwaｓ"alｗａｙsinｔhewaｙ".WheｎPhillipsａskeｄherｗｈereｓheｗouｌdgoifhｅwasn'tinthewａy，shｅｒeplieｄcｈｅe(cuò)rfuｌly,＂Oh,Iｗoulｄｎ＇tknowwherｅIwａs!＂［Ｈ]Takeanotｈerｃommｏnｏbｓtacｌe:ｌａckｏfmoneｙ.Pｅoｐｌeｏｆｔenaｓsumｅtｈatmoｒemｏneywillｍａkethｅmhaｐpieｒ.Butecoｎomistsｗｈostudyｔhｅrelatｉonsｈipｂeｔweｅnmｏneｙａndhappinｅsｓhaveconsistenｔlyfouｎdthat,aｂｏveacertainｉncｏme,thｅtｗoｄonotreliａblycorｒeｌaｔe．Despiｔetheeaｓｅwitｈwｈichthｅrichcaｎacｑｕireaｌmｏｓtａnythｉngthｅｙdesirｅ,tｈｅyaｒeｊuｓｔasｌikelｙｔoｂeunhaｐpｙastheｍiｄdleclasses.Iｎthｉsregaｒdatleast，F(xiàn)．ScｏｔtFitｚgｅrａｌdwaｓwrong.[I]Indeed,easeofacquｉsitｉonｉｓtheproblem．TｈenｏｖeliｓｔEdwarｄＳtAubyｎｈaｓanaｒrａt(yī)orremarkoftheｖeｒyrichｔhat,"ｎothａvingtoconsideｒaffｏrdａbｉliｔｙ,theirdesiresrambledonliｋeｕｎstoppａblｅbores,releｎtｌesｓ(連續(xù)不斷的）ａｎdwｈiｍsiｃal(反復(fù)無(wú)常的）atthｅsameｔime.＂ＷhenBostｏｎCollege，apｒiｖａｔereseaｒchｕniｖersiｔy，wanｔedａbettｅrfeｅlｆoｒiｔspoｔenｔiaｌdonors,itａskeｄｔhepsｙｃｈoｌogｉsｔRobeｒtKenｎyｔoinvesｔｉgatethｅmindsｅｔofthｅsuｐer-rich.Ｈesｕrveyｅd16５househｏｌds,ｍostofwhichhadaｎeｔworｔhoｆ$25mormoｒe.Hefoｕndthatｍanyofhisｓuｂjectｓｗeｒecｏnfuｓedbｙtheinｆiｎｉｔｅopｔionsｔheｉｒmoneyｐresenｔedthemwith.Ｔｈeyfｏunｄｉtｈａrdtoknoｗｗhaｔtowant，ｃｒｅａt(yī)iｎgaｋinｄｏｆexistentialbaffｌemｅｎｔ.Oneoftｈemｐｕｔｉｔｌikｅｔhis："Youkｎoｗ，Bob，yｏucanｊustbuｙｓｏｍuchsｔuｆf，andwｈｅｎyougｅtｔoｔhepoｉntｗhｅreyoｕcanjuｓtbuysｏmuchｓｔuff,ｎowwhａt(yī)ａreyouｇｏｉngtodｏ?"［J]ThｅＩnternetｍakesiｎｆｏrmaｔionbｉlｌionaireｓoutｏｆalloｆuｓ,aｎｄtｈｅarcｈiteｃｔsｏfｏｕrｏnlｉneｅｘperieｎceｓarecaｔcｈｉngｏntothenｅe(cuò)dtoｍakethinｇsｃrｅａt(yī)ivelydｉffiｃｕｌt．Tｗiｔtｅｒ'sｈugesuccesｓisrｏotedinｔhesimpleｂｕtproｆoundｉｎｓightthａt(yī)inamｅdium＇ｗｉthinfｉnitｅｓpacｅｆorｓerf－expressｉon,themostiｎterestｉｎgtｈｉnｇwecａndoｉｓｒeｓtrictｏｕrｓeｌｖｅｓto14０chａrａｃterｓ.ThemusｉcsｅrｖicｅThisIｓＭyJａmhelpｓpｅoplenａviｇatｅthｅｔｅnsofmilliｏｎsｏｆtｒaｃｋsnowａvailableｉnstanｔｌｙviａSp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