AnnualReportTheTheCrisisinUkraineAboutthisreportWhoweare AnnualReport ContentsIntroduction4ContentsIntroduction4o12thMinisterialConference–asnapshot323Ayearinreview22Ouryear26Membership3842002ANNUALREPORTANNUALREPORT0035Tradenegotiationsanddiscussions468Supportingdevelopmentandbuildingtradecapacity14667Implementationandmonitoring76onworldtrade82Disputesettlementactivity1389Outreach168mSecretariatandbudget1981Introduction6MessagefromDirector-GeneralNgoziOkonjo-IwealaT 006/dgrgdgANNUALREPORT007008008WTOmembers,supportedasalwaysbytheSecretariat,madeMC12aresoundingsuccess.Afternearlysixdaysofnegotiations–culminatinginamarathon48hoursofnon-stoptalks–ministersanddelegatesadoptedapackageofmultilateraldealsthatwilldeliverforpeople,businesses,andtheplanet.DR.NGOZIOKONJO-IWEALADIRECTOR-GENERALrgdgANNUALREPORT009HighlightsofDGOkonjo-Iweala’sfirstyearinoffice20212021010/dgUGUSTrgdgANNUALREPORT011 012/dgWorldBankGroup,ILO,OECD,20222022rgdgANNUALREPORT013014014UnderstandingtheWTOWhoweareImprovingpeople’slivesNegotiatingtraderulesOverseeingWTOagreementsfMaintainingopentradeSettlingdisputes 8 8 Whatwestandform 1 Non-discrimination 2 Openingtrade 3 Predictabilityandtransparency 4 7 Faircompetition55InclusivetradeSupportforlessdevelopedcountriesPartnerships 6 9 ProtectionoftheenvironmentS/whatiswtoANNUALREPORT015Whatwedo016ANNUALREPORTTrade/whatiswtoImplementationandmonitoringSupportingdevelopmentandbuildingtradecapacityDisputesettlementO/whatiswtoANNUALREPORT017 WorldTradeOrganisationAbriefhistoryT 1999200120052005018//whatiswtoANNUALREPORT019201720172015201620102010020/whatiswto2012 20212012 2021201320202011/whatiswtoANNUALREPORT0212inreview02021:AsnapshotJanuaryMayMayMarch024/news21JuneJuneAugustDecemberNovemberNovemberS/news21ANNUALREPORT025026026dOuryearTradenegotiationsanddiscussionsT/tncANNUALREPORT027ImplementationofWTOagreementsandtrademonitoringW7028/monitoringDisputesettlementhin21.D /disputesANNUALREPORT029SupportingdevelopmentandbuildingtradecapacityforI$$13.911,70011,700030/buildingtradecapacityOutreachCOVIDsT3.23.28080 rgforumANNUALREPORT031312thMinisterialConference–asnapshot034034T12thMinisterialConference–asnapshotThe“Genevapackage”T“Genevapackage”–inbriefFisheriessubsidiesTWTOresponsetothepandemic,includingIPresponsewwtoorgmcANNUALREPORT035FoodinsecurityE-commerceworkprogrammeandmoratoriumWTOreform036/mc12T OtherdecisionsHowtheconferencewasorganized wwtoorgmcANNUALREPORT0374Membership4044JoiningtheWTO1.ComorosJoiningtheWTO1.ComorosKeyKeydevelopmentsin20212.Timor-Leste434.Turkmenistan5.Cura?ao3.Sudan521BackgrounBackground040ANNUALREPORTComorosmakesprogresstowardsWTOaccession/membersTimor-Lesteaimstocompleteaccessionbyearly2023nd SudanformallyresumesaccessiontalksANNUALREPORT041042042AzerbaijanandUzbekistanprepareforworkingpartymeetingsin2022Cura?aosubmitsMemorandumonForeignTradeRegimeNewapplicationsTechnicalassistanceandoutreach24ChinaProgrammeonLDCAccessionsAccessionanniversariesTradeforPeaceWTOmembersagreedinFebruary2022toinitiatemembershiptalksforTurkmenistan,thelastoftheformerSovietrepublicstoapplyforWTOmembership.ANNUALREPORT043Aglobal//accessionsANNUALREPORT0455Tradenegotiationsanddiscussions48048048Tradenegotiationsanddiscussionsin2021tsfBackgroundD/tncANNUALREPORT049MinisterialmeetingonfisheriessubsidiesPandemicresponse100050/tncWTOreformdiscussionsU/tncANNUALREPORT051AgriculturesBackgrounBackgroundT aTheChairissueddrafttextsinJulyandNovembercoveringallareasunderthenegotiations,thefirstinovera/agnegsPublicstockholdingforfoodsecuritypurposes3535tDomesticsupporttC/agnegsANNUALREPORT053Cottonisageneratorofgrowthandaproviderofjobsandrevenuethatisabletohelpourcountriesfightpovertymoreeffectively.ChoguelKokallaMa?gaPrimeMinisterofMaliMarketaccess054/agnegsANNUALRANNUALREPORT055SpecialsafeguardmechanismlExportprohibitionsandrestrictionsExportcompetitionTransparencyMarketaccessfornon-agriculturalproductsBackgrounBackgroundRulesnegotiations:Fisheriessubsidies,otherWTOrulessMCBackgrounBackgroundA A056/rulesnegsve /rulesnegsANNUALREPORT057ServicesialBackgrounBackgroundT 058/servicesnegsThediscussionscastlightontheroleofservicessectorsinsupportingeconomicrecoveryfromtheCOVID-19pandemic.ZhanarAitzhanova(Kazakhstan)TradeanddevelopmentorefromtheGBackgroundDomesticregulationANNUALREANNUALREPORT059T 060/developmentnegsTradeandenvironmentdBackgrounBackgroundI vironmentnegsANNUALREPORT061TradeandhealthSeS andsecureaccess062/covid/covidANNUALREPORT063 Trade-relatedaspectsofintellectualpropertyrights(TRIPS):geographicalindicationsT BackgrounBackgroundh 064/giDisputeSettlementUnderstandingBnT BackgrounB/disputenegsANNUALREPORT065JointinitiativesnBackgrounBackgroundElectroniccommercegI 8686066//jsiTheworkundertakenpromisesmorestabilityandpredictabilityforconsumersandbusinessesinafast-growingsectorofthedigitaleconomy.DGOkonjo-I//jsiANNUALREPORT067InvestmentfacilitationfordevelopmentT TheDecember2021jointstatementmarkedanimportantmilestoneinthenegotiations.Thisyear,Iencourageyoutokeepupthepositivemomentum.AmbassadorMathiasFrancke(Chile)068//jsi d Micro,smallandmedium-sizedenterprisesdM//jsiANNUALREPORT06994GoingonlinehasallowedmanyMSMEstosurviveduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.Thosethatdidbestweredigitallyprepared.DGOkonjo-I//jsiUS$150billionannuallyincosts. Domesticregulation,citis,Domesticregulation,citis,MembersparticipatingintheJointprocedures,andtechnicalstandards.67dtoOtransparentTheagreement,whichshouldTheagreement,whichshouldproducehugeThedealwillsavebusinessesattheWTOin24years.DGOkonjo-I//jsiANNUALREPORT071072072TradeandenvironmentinitiativesFTheco-sponsorsofthesethreeministerialstatementsaretakinganimportantstepforwardonaddressingkeytradeandenvironmentalsustainabilityissuesattheWTO.DGOkonjo-IwealaPlasticspollutionandenvironmentallysustainableplasticstrade67T//jsi7145FossilfuelsubsidiesreformgfByjoininghandsacrossthesethreeenvironmentalByjoininghandsacrossthesethreeenvironmentalendeavours,developinganddevelopedcountriescandevelopnewandconstructivetradesolutionsthatcanworkforall.DDGJean-MariePaugamanddevelopedcountriescandevelopnewandconstructivetradesolutionsthatcanworkforall.DDGJean-MariePaugamlkT127 127074/womenandtradewtoorgwomenandtradeCASESTUDYTradesupportswomen’seconomicempowermentintheAmazoneeANNUALREPORT0756ImplementationandmonitoringthetheGeneralCouncilanSelectionofanewDirector-GeneralSelectionofanewDirector-GeneralyhDebatesin202112thMinisterialConferenceekBackgrounBackground078/gc20lCOVID-19andWTO/gcANNUALREPORT079080080WorkProgrammeonElectronicCommerceImplementationofBali,NairobiandBuenosAiresoutcomesOtherreportsWaiversunderArticleIXoftheWTOA/gcANNUALREPORT/gcOtherissuesTableTable1:WaiversunderArticleIX(decision-making)oftheWTOAgreementMemberTypeDecisionDateofadoptionExpirydateSPOTLIGHTImpactofCOVID-19onworldtradeMerchandisetradeFigureFigure1:Volumeofworldmerchandisetrade,2015Q1-2022Q1Seasonallyadjustedvolumeindex,2015=100etTradeinmedical/covidTrademeasuresrelatedtoCOVID-19FigureFigure2:Year-on-yeargrowthinworldcommercialservicestrade,2019-21%changeinUS$values0ServicestradeProjectionsfor2022/covidANNUALREPORT083084084BackgroundTradeingoodsupfrom3in2020.W W20TableTable2:NewtradeconcernsraisedintheCTGin2021Subject23456789Member(s)raisingtheconcernNo.1 ExtensionofwaiversandotherdecisionssGraduatedLDCsTransparencyOtherissues/goodsANNUALREPORT085MarketaccessnsTradeconcernsBackgroundBackgrounddiscussedintheCommitteeThenumberdiscussedintheCommitteeupfrom19in2020.onMarketupfrom19in2020.T/marketaccessANNUALREANNUALREPORT087DByOctober2021,77trade-restrictiveand165trade-facilitatingmeasureshadbeenintroducedinresponsetoCOVID-19.DatabasesandotheronlinetoolsHarmonizedSystemQuantitativerestrictionsAgriculturetBackgrounBackground088ANNUALREPORTT /agricultureQuestionsaddressedtodevelopedanddevelopingcountries,2005to2021Figure4:NumberofquestionsonnotificationsraisedintheCommitteeFigure3:onAgriculturein2021,bysubjectarea1Total:2662030 5291COVID-19andagricultureNotificationsreviewed /agricultureExportcompetitionANNUALREPORT08909009022222222TariffquotaunderfillmechanismTransparencytoolsTechnicalassistanceactivitiesFigureFigure5:NumberofagriculturenotificationssubmittedbyWTOmembers,2005to20210 O/spsANNUALREPO/spsSanitaryandphytosanitarymeasuresembersnotifiedBackgrounBackgroundThematicworkandfollow-uptotheFifthReviewsProposedSPSdeclarationforMC12s092ANNUALREPORTSPSissuesrelatedtoCOVID-19NewtradeconcernsdatabaseSpecifictrade/sps856115611961264101914081391912991634168561156119612641019140813919129916341681139214791631176221221825FigureFigure6:TotalnumberofSPSnotificationsandpercentageofnotificationssubmittedbydevelopingcountries(includingLDCs),2005-2021 Thetotalnumberoffullyorpartiallyresolvedconcernsroseto271(over50percentofthe532concernsraisedsince1995).Notificationse /sps27NotificationsandcommunicationsrelatedtoCOVID-19trade-facilitatingmeasurescontinuedtosurpasstrade-restrictivemeasures.ANNUALREPORT09309409429,660speciictradeconcerns532disputesstarted51disputesresultinginarulingCapacity-buildingPublicationsBox1:EasingSPStradetensions:1995-2022*SPSPSnotiicationsTechnicalbarrierstotradeTalssgBackgrounBackgroundT eWTOmemberssubmittedarecord3,966notificationsonproductrequirements,providingincreasingtbtANNUALREPORT095096096Specifictradeconcerns(STCs)hNotificationsFigureFigure7:SpecifictradeconcernsraisedintheTBTCommittee,2005to20210 Figure8:TBTnotifications,2005to20210 Capacity-buildingnotiications43,95643,956sByNovember2021,WTOByNovember2021,WTOmembershadsubmitted179COVID-19-relatedTBTnotifications,comprising41%ofallWTOnotificationsrelatingtoCOVID-19todate.726726Publications578disputesresulting8inarulingorgtbtANNUALREPORT097Subsidiesandcountervailingmeasuresperiod.BackgrounBackground098ANNUALREPORTI /scmFigureFigure9:Countervailinginitiationsbyyear,1January2005toend-J/scmANNUALREPORT099100100Anti-dumpingpracticessBackgrounBackground wtoorgadwtoorgadFigure11:Anti-dumpinginvestigationsbyyear,WTOmembersinitiated115newanti-dumpinginvestigationsfromJan